scholarly journals ‘Blood’ Kinship and Kinship in Christ’s Blood: Nomadic Evangelism in the Nenets Tundra

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Vagramenko
Keyword(s):  
Religious Conversion ◽  
Traditional Practices ◽  
Cultural Logic ◽  
Kinship Networks ◽  
Kinship System ◽  
Economic Exchanges ◽  
Born Again ◽  
Kinship Ties ◽  
Polar Ural

Abstract The article addresses a conflicting encounter of two ideologies of kinship, ‘natural’ and ‘religious’, among the newly established Evangelical communities of Nenets in the Polar Ural and Yamal tundra. An ideology of Christian kinship, as an outcome of ‘spiritual re-birth’, was introduced through Nenets religious conversion. The article argues that although the born-again experience often turned against ancestral traditions and Nenets traditional kinship ties, the Nenets kinship system became a platform upon which the conversion mechanism was furthered and determined in the Nenets tundra. The article examines missionary initiatives and Nenets religiosity as kin-based activities, the outcome of which was twofold. On one side, it was the realignment of Nenets traditional kinship networks. On other side, it was the indigenisation of the Christian concept of kinship according to native internal cultural logic. Evangelical communities in the tundra were plunged into the traditional practices of Nenets kinship networks, economic exchanges, and marriage alliances. Through negotiation of traditional Nenets kinship and Christian kinship, converted Nenets developed new imaginaries, new forms of exchanges, and even new forms of mobility.

“Where our women used to get the food”: cumulative effects and loss of ethnobotanical knowledge and practice; case study from coastal British ColumbiaThis paper was submitted for the Special Issue on Ethnobotany, inspired by the Ethnobotany Symposium organized by Alain Cuerrier, Montreal Botanical Garden, and held in Montreal at the 2006 annual meeting of the Canadian Botanical Association.

Botany ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy J. Turner ◽  
Katherine L. Turner
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Religious Conversion ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Cultural Knowledge ◽  
Cumulative Effects ◽  
Indigenous Populations ◽  
Food Plants ◽  
Traditional Practices ◽  
Ethnobotanical Knowledge ◽  
Case Examples

Knowledge and practices of indigenous peoples relating to local plants used for food, medicine, materials, and other purposes are threatened in many parts of the world. The reasons for declining knowledge and use of traditional resources are complex and multifaceted. We review a series of case examples of culturally valued food plants in British Columbia and identify a suite of interacting social and environmental factors that have resulted in decreased use of and dwindling cultural knowledge about these plants over the past 150 years. Reasons for this loss include compounding influences of changing knowledge systems owing to religious conversion and residential schools, loss of indigenous languages, loss of time and opportunity for traditional practices owing to participation in the wage economy, increasing urbanization of indigenous populations, loss of access to traditional resources, restriction of management practices for sustaining these resources, and most recently, forces of globalization and industrialization. Efforts to renew and restore traditional practices and relationships with plants and environments must recognize the cumulative effects of these factors and find ways to retain and reinforce the knowledge and practices still held by individuals and communities, to reverse some of the negative influences on cultural retention, and to develop new, relevant, and effective ways to revitalize languages, cultures, and ethnobotanical knowledge within contemporary contexts.

scholarly journals Relasi Kekerabatan Patronase Masyarakat Muna

2021 ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Asliah Zainal ◽  
Muhammad Asrianto Zainal ◽  
Waode Ainul Rafiah ◽  
Wa Kina Wa Kina
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Aspect ◽  
Political Preference ◽  
Social Community ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Kinship System ◽  
Political Interests ◽  
The Social ◽  
Kinship Ties

This study is addressed to two things: the relationship of kinship and patronage, which take place in social aspect (education and economy) and culture (life cycle ceremony), and the relation of patronage kinship system, which implies on cohesion social community of Muna. This study showed that the relation of the Muna family was tied socially and culturally by two vertices, descent/affinity relation and patronage relation or patronage kinship system and in local term called intaidi bhasitie (we are family). The patronage kinship in Muna family works in almost every aspect of community life, both in social; educational, economic, even political; and cultural (life cycle ceremony). By using Anthropological family, this study argues that the kinship systems wrapped by patronage or boosted patronage by kinship relationships are neither firm nor sustainable. It may be safe in education, economy, and cultural aspects but may be weakened in political preference. Even though a relative still tied up in a family's node but his indifference will be called "family but not". This social relationship will threaten the bond of kinship that eventually fragile and unravel, and the social relation seems to be a pseudo kingship. This research implies that the social relations of patronage kinship will threaten kinship ties which are eventually fragile and unravel, resulting in pseudo kingship if the conditions for a patron-client as Scott's theory are not fulfilled, and eventually become a transactional relationship bond. This research is expected to provide an understanding that kinship ties or patronage relations are traditionally socio-cultural capital that is increasingly threatened by the demands of economic and political interests in modern transactional relationships.

scholarly journals Kinship resources for the elderly

1997 ◽  
Vol 352 (1363) ◽  
pp. 1811-1817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kennethl W. Wachter
Keyword(s):  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Population Ageing ◽  
Sample Surveys ◽  
Economic Deprivation ◽  
Short Supply ◽  
Kinship Networks ◽  
Kinship Relations ◽  
Kinship Ties

As population ageing strains social insurance systems, cohorts whose own fertility was low will be reaching elderly status, leaving close biological kin in short supply. However, there is a countervailing trend, inasmuch as burgeoning divorce, remarriage and family blending have expanded the numbers and varieties of step–kin and other non–standard kinship ties. Methods of computer microsimulation in conjunction with richer sample surveys can help us to foresee the contours of kin numbers and kinship relations in the future. Prime areas include the likely frequency of kin–deprived elderly, the overlap with economic deprivation and the interaction between kin frequency and intensity of contact. Step–ties may be weaker but nonetheless critical in raising the probability of at least one compatible member with whom one can choose to maintain contact and rely on. Kinship networks extended through half– and step–links, by stretching across racial and economic lines, may promote social cohesion.

scholarly journals A Network of Thrones: Kinship and Conflict in Europe, 1495–1918

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 102-133
Author(s):  
Seth G. Benzell ◽  
Kevin Cooke
Keyword(s):  
Family Ties ◽  
Kinship Networks ◽  
Kinship Ties

We construct a database linking European royal kinship networks, monarchies, and wars to study the effect of family ties on conflict. To establish causality, we exploit decreases in connection caused by apolitical deaths of rulers’ mutual relatives. These deaths are associated with substantial increases in the frequency and duration of war. We provide evidence that these deaths affect conflict only through changing the kinship network. Over our period of interest, the percentage of European monarchs with kinship ties increased threefold. Together, these findings help explain the well-documented decrease in European war frequency. (JEL D74, N33, N34, N43, N44, Z12, Z13)

Kearifan Lokal Masyarakat Tapanuli Utara sebagai Wahana dalam Membangun Toleransi Umat Beragama

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oloria Malau ◽  
Ratna Saragih ◽  
Rencan Carisma Marbun ◽  
Robinson Simanungkalit ◽  
Melinda Siahaan
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Ethnic Community ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
The North ◽  
Kinship System ◽  
The People ◽  
Kinship Ties

The Batak ethnic community consisting of the Batak Toba, Karo, Simalungun, Pakpak and Mandailing communities are North Tapanuli people who adhere to Christianity, Catholicism and Islam. The North Tapanuli people inhabit the Tarutung sub-district, Sipoholon sub-district, Siborong-borong district, Pahae Julu district. , Pahae Jae District, Sipahutar District, Pangaribuan District and Garoga District. . With a pluralistic community background consisting of various religions, the people of North Tapanuli can maintain tolerance between religious believers. It is proven that until now there has not been any conflict between religious groups. The purpose of this research is to examine how the North Tapanuli community builds tolerance between religious believers. In addition, what potential does North Tapanuli have that are used in building tolerance. This research uses qualitative research with a phenomenological approach by conducting observations and interviews and literature study is used in this study. The results of this study indicate that Dalihan Na Tolu as the Kinship System of the Batak community is the local wisdom of the North Tapanuli community. This kinship concerns kinship ties with blood ties (one offspring) and marital ties. Local keariophan has the potential to build tolerance between people. This study concludes that the people of North Tapanuli can build tolerance between religious believers because their local wisdom lives and develops in that community and is hereditary.

Sibling Ties

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranita Ray
Keyword(s):  
Urban Poor ◽  
Extended Family ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Romantic Partners ◽  
School Work ◽  
Kinship Networks ◽  
Close Analysis ◽  
Intimate Relations ◽  
Kinship Ties ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter focuses on the complexities of sibling ties of the urban poor and highlights the relationship between exchange and intimacy under the constraints of poverty. It argues that located at the nexus of family and peer group, siblings play a unique role compared to peers, parents, extended family, teachers, or romantic partners. Sibling relations are a particularly important family arrangement within socioeconomically marginalized families: in such families, brothers and sisters regularly take on adult responsibilities and make contributions to the household. Older siblings help younger ones navigate school, work, neighborhood, and interactions with the police. Regular and obligatory exchange between siblings, however, often makes families unstable. The close analysis of kinship ties among Port City youth provided in this chapter challenges the simplistic preoccupation with exchange of resources (or absence thereof) within kinship systems by recognizing the costs of exchange on intimate relations, as well as accompanying emotional work. The exchange of resources within kinship networks often strain kinship ties, making them simultaneously resourceful and hostile. The family, thus, acts in paradoxical ways in the lives of the poor, providing support for upward mobility and acting as a place of hostility and conflict.

Violence, kinship networks, and political resilience

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 558-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassy Dorff
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Political Participation ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
State Level ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Criminal Violence ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Kinship Networks ◽  
Original Survey ◽  
Kinship Ties

Previous literature has shown a link between violent victimization and pro-sociopolitical behavior. This study asks why victimization is shown to increase the likelihood of political participation in regions of ongoing armed conflict. I argue that previous answers to this question have overlooked a key variable for predicting civilian behavior: individual-level social context. As a step forward in connecting social networks to behavior outcomes, I present the kinship network as a novel measure for proxying an individual’s valuable and private social interactions. Building on previous victimization literature, I suggest that to comprehensively understand the effects of victimization, scholars should account for social context. Specifically, I examine the hypothesis that as kinship ties strengthen, victimization positively influences the likelihood of political participation. To test this argument, I turn to the Mexican criminal conflict. I use original survey data of 1,000 respondents collected in July 2012 from the ongoing drug war in Mexico, and in doing so, I find that kinship plays a key role in motivating political participation during armed conflicts in that survivors of criminal violence with strong ties to kinship networks are the most likely to participate in political groups; these results are robust to state-level fixed effects and are unlikely to be driven by victimization selection bias.

Kinship, Expectations, and God

Hawwa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-314
Author(s):  
Keren Abbou Hershkovits
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Religious Conversion ◽  
Religious Communities ◽  
Present Contribution ◽  
Conversion Narratives ◽  
Early Islam ◽  
Personal Status ◽  
The Face ◽  
Kinship Ties ◽  
Shed Light

Abstract The conquest of the Middle East by Muslims ultimately resulted in the Islamization of the region. The long process by which this took place awaits clarification. Conversion narratives, permitting us a glimpse into relations between Muslims, non-Muslims, and converts, might serve to elucidate this process. This study examines how different families responded to religious conversion within their ranks. It will show that in early Islam, individuals moved between different spheres, all the while negotiating their roles and commitments. Rather than considering the act of conversion itself, this study engages with the range of responses generated by conversion that were recorded by medieval historians, biographers, and ḥadīth collectors. The present contribution seeks to demonstrate, through anecdotes of conversion, the ways in which kinship ties functioned in the face of shifts in personal status. I also hope to show that boundaries between religious communities (to the extent that they indeed existed) were much more porous, or perceived as such, than has been previously thought. The anecdotes concern the early days of Islam among pagans and shed light on communities’ reception or rejection of Muḥammad’s call.

Immigration, Collective Efficacy, Social Ties, and Violence: Unpacking the Mediating Mechanisms in Immigration Effects on Neighborhood-Level Violence

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Feldmeyer ◽  
Arelys Madero-Hernandez ◽  
Carlos E. Rojas-Gaona ◽  
Lauren Copley Sabon
Keyword(s):  
Collective Efficacy ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Mediating Effects ◽  
Kinship Networks ◽  
Immigrant Concentration ◽  
Mediating Mechanisms ◽  
Extensive Body ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Kinship Ties ◽  
Neighborhood Level

An extensive body of research indicates that community levels of crime are either unaffected by levels of immigration or that immigration is associated with lower, not higher, rates of crime. According to the “immigrant revitalization” perspective, the protective effects of immigration are largely indirect, working through neighborhood-level processes, such as social networks, social capital, and collective efficacy. However, these mediating effects have received little empirical attention in the immigration–crime literature. Using data from the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods, the current study seeks to extend research on immigration and crime by assessing the mediating effects of neighborhood friendship and kinship ties and collective efficacy in immigration–violence relationships. Similar to previous studies, we find that the total effect of immigrant concentration on homicide and perceptions of violence is null. However, examining the indirect pathways reveals that immigration works in complex ways, with both positive and negative influences on violence that ultimately manifest as a nonsignificant effect. Specifically, immigrant concentration is associated with lower levels of collective efficacy, thereby increasing violence, but it is simultaneously linked to stronger friendship and kinship networks, which in turn reduces violence. Implications of these findings are discussed.

Intelligence: Born Again or Dying Out?

1980 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 608-609
Author(s):  
DANIEL P. KEATING
Keyword(s):  
Born Again
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