scholarly journals Biomarkers in Community-Acquired Pneumonia Assessment

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
Natalja Voskresenska ◽  
Sergejs Babikovs ◽  
Jūlija Voicehovska ◽  
Andrejs Šķesters ◽  
Alise Silova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Plasma Selenium ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
And Control ◽  
Reduced Activity

AbstractThe paper presents information on pneumonia (P) patients with features of oxidative stress (OS). Identifying features of OS in patients with P is of interest not only for diagnosis, but also for monitoring of treatment efficiency. We recruited 73 patients with community-acquired P (CAP), previously healthy adults, both males and females with mean age of 68.0 ± 15.2, hospitalised, and 61 healthy control patients matched for age. For quantitative evaluation of lipid peroxidation in CAP patients, the levels of aldehydic lipid peroxidation products like malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4- hydroxynon-2-enal (HNE) were quantified. Furthermore, concentrations of reduced glutathione (GSH) and several antioxidant enzymes and selenium in plasma were determined. In CAP patients, decreased levels of GSH and plasma selenium were observed. Plasma levels of MDA, and HNE did significantly differ between patient and control groups. We also noted reduced activity of antioxidant enzymes, namely, glutation peroxidase and superoxide dismutase. Low antioxidant enzymes activity was associated with a more severe CAP pattern. Both GSH and antioxidant enzymes may serve as markers for inflammation-related OS in CAP patients, and measurement of these biomarkers may be a valid indentifier for its management.

Conjugated Linoleic Acid Causes a Marked Increase in Liver α-Tocopherol and Liver α-Tocopherol Transfer Protein in C57BL/6 J Mice

2010 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei-Min Chao ◽  
Wan-Hsuan Chen ◽  
Chun-Huei Liao ◽  
Huey-Mei Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Transfer Protein ◽  
And Control

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a collective term for the positional and geometric isomers of a conjugated diene of linoleic acid (C18:2, n-6). The aims of the present study were to evaluate whether levels of hepatic α-tocopherol, α-tocopherol transfer protein (α-TTP), and antioxidant enzymes in mice were affected by a CLA-supplemented diet. C57BL/6 J mice were divided into the CLA and control groups, which were fed, respectively, a 5 % fat diet with or without 1 g/100 g of CLA (1:1 mixture of cis-9, trans-11 and trans-10, cis-12) for four weeks. α-Tocopherol levels in plasma and liver were significantly higher in the CLA group than in the control group. Liver α-TTP levels were also significantly increased in the CLA group, the α-TTP/β-actin ratio being 2.5-fold higher than that in control mice (p<0.01). Thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances were significantly decreased in the CLA group (p<0.01). There were no significant differences between the two groups in levels of three antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase). The accumulation of liver α-tocopherol seen with the CLA diet can be attributed to the antioxidant potential of CLA and the ability of α-TTP induction. The lack of changes in antioxidant enzyme protein levels and the reduced lipid peroxidation in the liver of CLA mice are due to α-tocopherol accumulation.

scholarly journals Effect of Cross-Sex Hormonal Replacement on Antioxidant Enzymes in Rat Retroperitoneal Fat Adipocytes

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Israel Pérez-Torres ◽  
Verónica Guarner-Lans ◽  
Alejandra Zúñiga-Muñoz ◽  
Rodrigo Velázquez Espejel ◽  
Alfredo Cabrera-Orefice ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Glutathione Reductase ◽  
Enzymatic Activities ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Intact Female ◽  
Hormonal Replacement

We report the effect of cross-sex hormonal replacement on antioxidant enzymes from rat retroperitoneal fat adipocytes. Eight rats of each gender were assigned to each of the following groups: control groups were intact female or male (F and M, resp.). Experimental groups were ovariectomized F (OvxF), castrated M (CasM), OvxF plus testosterone (OvxF + T), and CasM plus estradiol (CasM + E2) groups. After sacrifice, retroperitoneal fat was dissected and processed for histology. Adipocytes were isolated and the following enzymatic activities were determined: Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and glutathione reductase (GR). Also, glutathione (GSH) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) were measured. In OvxF, retroperitoneal fat increased and adipocytes were enlarged, while in CasM rats a decrease in retroperitoneal fat and small adipocytes are observed. The cross-sex hormonal replacement in F rats was associated with larger adipocytes and a further decreased activity of Cu-Zn SOD, CAT, GPx, GST, GR, and GSH, in addition to an increase in LPO. CasM + E2exhibited the opposite effects showing further activation antioxidant enzymes and decreases in LPO. In conclusion, E2deficiency favors an increase in retroperitoneal fat and large adipocytes. Cross-sex hormonal replacement in F rats aggravates the condition by inhibiting antioxidant enzymes.

scholarly journals Intralesional polysulphated glycosaminoglycan as treatment of equine collagenase induced tendinitis: clinical, ultrasonographic and histopathologic evaluation

2004 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 701-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Marxen ◽  
J.C. Lacerda Neto ◽  
J.C. Canola ◽  
J.R.E. Moraes ◽  
G. Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Intralesional Injection ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Thoracic Limb ◽  
Superficial Digital Flexor Tendon ◽  
Histopathologic Evaluation ◽  
Intralesional Injections ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Histopathologic Analysis ◽  
And Control

The effect of intratendineous injections of polysulphated glycosaminoglycan (PSGAG) as treatment of collagenase-induced tendonitis was studied. Two groups (GI and GII) of five Arabian horses each, males and females, two to six year-old, were submitted to experimental tendinitis of the superficial digital flexor tendon of the left thoracic limb by intratendineous injection of 1.0ml of collagenase (2.5mg/ml). Seven days after the induced-lesions were created, the horses of GI received five intralesional injections of 1.0ml (125mg) of PSGAG, every four days. Horses of GII received injections of saline in the same dose and rate. Clinical and ultrasonographic evaluations were performed periodically, during 150 days. All animals showed lameness, increased local pain, heat and swelling 24 hours after the injury was created. All signs, except to swelling, which remained visible by the end of the study, showed regression in all animals. Lesions of variable size, shape and position were evidenced by the ultrasonographic evaluation, reaching maximum severity between the seventh and the 23rd days. By the end of the study, the echogenicity grade ranged from 1 to 2, and the grade of fiber alignment from 0 to 2. The histopathologic analysis demonstrated repair areas with intense fibroplasia and neovascularization, collagen fibers poorly organized, and thickened hypercellular endotenon. The data of this study did not show significant differences between the treated and control groups, therefore leading to the conclusion that the intralesional injection of PSGAG did not have beneficial effects in the treatment of collagenase-induced tendinitis.

scholarly journals Oxidative stress and outcome of antioxidant supplementation in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abubakar A. Panti ◽  
Constance E. Shehu ◽  
Yusuf Saidu ◽  
Karima A. Tunau ◽  
Emmanuel I. Nwobodo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Clinical Pregnancy ◽  
Oxidative Stress Marker ◽  
Randomised Control Trial ◽  
Antioxidant Supplementation ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Stress Marker ◽  
And Control

Background: PCOS is a condition with significant decrease in antioxidant with an increased risk of oxidative stress. Antioxidant supplementation has been shown to improve insulin sensitivity in PCOS and may improve outcome of management of PCOS. Objectives of this study were to determine the oxidative stress level of PCOS patients, to assess the effect of antioxidant supplementation on the outcome of management of PCOS and to compare with a control group.Methods: The study was a single blind randomised control trial involving 200 patients with PCOS. The study was conducted at Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital Sokoto. They were randomly divided into intervention and control groups and base line serum levels of oxidative stress marker, antioxidant enzymes, vitamins and minerals were determined. Antioxidant supplementation and placebo were given to the intervention and control groups respectively. All the patients had ovulation induction with clomiphene citrate and were followed up for 6 months. Outcome measures were clinical pregnancy or menstrual regularisation. Level of significance was <0.05.Results: There was statistical significance in the serum levels of oxidative stress marker, antioxidant enzymes, vitamins and minerals between the two groups (post intervention). Glutathione peroxidase (p = 0.001), superoxide dismutase (p = 0.0001), catalase (p= 0.0369), melondialdehyde (p= 0.007), Vitamin A, Vitamin C, Vitamin E (p = 0.0001), zinc and copper (p = 0.0001). The clinical pregnancy outcomes were 22 (22%) versus 2 (2%); live births 18 (18%) versus 2 (2%) and menstrual regularisation 48 (48%) versus 46 (46%) in the intervention and control groups respectively.Conclusions: Antioxidant supplementation in this study significantly affected pregnancy rate in patients with PCOS. Larger studies are suggested to revisit the conclusion of the Cochrane review that antioxidants supplementation had no significant role in female infertility.

Survey of the status of iron and sclerostin in major Thalassemia Patients

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Moinzadeh ◽  
Mohammad Reza Keramati ◽  
Mohammad Taha Jalali ◽  
Bejan Keikhaei ◽  
Najmaldin Saki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Iron Overload ◽  
Beta Thalassemia ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Elisa Method ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
And Control

Background and Aims: Thalassemia is one the most prevalent genetic anemia in the world; homozygote patients usually suffer from severe disturbances. Osteopenia and osteoporosis are of various types of thalassemia complications which are increase in rate in patients with iron overload conditions. Sclerostin is a protein which enhances bone loss by inhibiting osteoblasts. The aim of this study was to measure sclerostin protein and its association with iron overload in major thalassemia patients. Materials and Methods: Forty patients with major beta-Thalassemia and 40 healthy control individuals were includedin the study; Sclerostin protein and ferritin were evaluated using ELISA method. Results: Mean sclerostin protein was 100.7 pg/ml, in the case group; it was 143.1 pg/ml in the control group.There was a significant differences between sclerostin protein in case and control groups (p= 0.015). The association of sclerostin and ferritin was not significant in the case group (p= 0.7), while  it was meaningful in the control individuals (p= 0.037). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that sclerostin protein can play an important role in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis.

Effects of 4 Weeks of Elastic-Resistance Training on Ankle-Evertor Strength and Latency

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
KyungMo Han ◽  
Mark D. Ricard
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Ankle Sprains ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Resistance Exercise Training ◽  
Peroneus Longus ◽  
Elastic Resistance ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
And Control

Context:Several researchers have suggested that improving evertor strength and peroneus longus reaction time may help alleviate the symptoms of chronic ankle instability and reduce the rate of recurrent ankle sprains.Objectives:To determine the effectiveness of a 4-wk elastic-resistance exercise-training program on ankle-evertor strength and peroneus longus latency in subjects with and without a history of ankle sprains (HAS).Design:Randomized controlled clinical trial.Participants:40 subjects (20 male, 20 female; 20 HAS, 20 healthy). Ten subjects (5 male and 5 female) from each of the HAS and healthy groups were randomly assigned to exercise or control groups.Interventions:4-directional elastic-resistance exercise training 2 times/wk for 4 wk.Main Outcome Measures:Ankle-evertor strength and peroneal muscle latency after sudden inversion were measured before training, after 4 wk of training, and 4 wk posttraining.Results:Four weeks of elastic-resistance exercise training did not elicit significant changes in 1-repetition-maximum ankle-evertor strength between the exercise and control groups (P = .262), HAS and healthy groups (P = .329), or males and females (P = .927). Elastic-resistance exercise training did not elicit significant changes in peroneus longus muscle latency between the exercise and control groups (P = .102), HAS and healthy groups (P = .996), or males and females (P = .947).Conclusions:The 4-wk elastic-resistance exercise training had no effect on ankle-evertor strength and reflex latency of the peroneus longus after unexpected ankle inversion.

scholarly journals Low-dose corticosteroid use and mortality in severe community-acquired pneumonia patients

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 463-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Tagami ◽  
Hiroki Matsui ◽  
Hiromasa Horiguchi ◽  
Kiyohide Fushimi ◽  
Hideo Yasunaga
Keyword(s):  
Propensity Score ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Administrative Database ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Inverse Probability ◽  
Dose Corticosteroid ◽  
Severe Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Inverse Probability Weighted ◽  
And Control

The relationship between low-dose corticosteroid use and mortality in patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) remains unclear.6925 patients with severe CAP who received mechanical ventilation with or without shock (defined as use of catecholamines) at 983 hospitals were identified using a Japanese nationwide administrative database. The main outcome measure was 28-day mortality.2524 patients with severe CAP who received catecholamines were divided into corticosteroid (n=631) and control (n=1893) groups. The 28-day mortality was significantly different between corticosteroid and control groups (unmatched: 24.6% versus 36.3%, p<0.001; propensity score-matched: 25.3% versus 32.6%, p=0.01; inverse probability-weighted: 27.5% versus 34.2%, p<0.001). 4401 patients with severe CAP who did not receive catecholamines were also divided into corticosteroid (n=1112) and control (n=3289) groups. The 28-day mortality was not significantly different between corticosteroid and control groups in propensity score-matched analyses (unmatched: 16.0% versus 19.4%, p=0.01; propensity score-matched: 17.7% versus 15.6%, p=0.22; inverse probability-weighted: 18.8% versus 18.2%, p=0.44).Low-dose corticosteroid use may be associated with reduced 28-day mortality in patients with septic shock complicating CAP.

scholarly journals Multiomics implicate gut microbiota in altered lipid and energy metabolism in Parkinsons disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Alexandre Pereira ◽  
Drupad Trivedi ◽  
Justin Silverman ◽  
Ilhan Duru ◽  
Lars K Paulin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Bacterial Community Composition ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Parkinsons Disease ◽  
Clinical Variables ◽  
Metabolite Profiles ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
And Control ◽  
Altered Lipid

We aimed to investigate the link between serum metabolites, gut bacterial community composition, and clinical variables in Parkinsons disease (PD) and healthy control subjects (HC). 139 metabolite features were found to be differentially abundant between the PD and Control groups. No associations were found between metabolite features and within-PD clinical variables. The results suggest alterations in serum metabolite profiles in PD, and the results of correlation analysis between metabolite features and microbiota suggest that several bacterial taxa are associated with altered lipid and energy metabolism in PD.

Sydenham's Chorea; Clinical and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings, a Retrospective Observational Study in Children

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (05) ◽  
pp. 217-222
Author(s):  
Fatma Hanci ◽  
Mustafa Hizal ◽  
Sevim Türay ◽  
Oya Kalaycioğlu ◽  
Nimet Kabakuş
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Globus Pallidus ◽  
Healing Time ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
And Control

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings and demographic and clinical characteristics, response to treatment times, and recurrence rates of Sydenham's chorea (SC), the most common of the acquired pediatric choreas. The clinical and radiological findings of 12 patients presenting to the pediatric neurology clinic in the previous 4 years and diagnosed with SC on the basis of the modified Jones criteria were investigated retrospectively from the hospital files. In addition, we measured the maximum prefrontal cortex and basal ganglia (globus pallidus, putamen, and caudate nucleus) thicknesses in the axial plane from patients' cerebral MRIs and compared these values with prefrontal cortex and basal ganglia thicknesses of a healthy control group measured using the same technique. Patient and control groups' cranial and basal ganglia MRIs were found to be normal. However, patients' globus pallidus thicknesses were significantly lower than those of the healthy control group. Additionally, the globus pallidus values of patients with recurrent SC and a prolonged healing time were lower than average. However, we determined no significant difference in terms of prefrontal motor cortex, caudate nucleus, or putamen thicknesses between the patient and control groups. Low globus pallidus thicknesses in patients with SC may indicate atrophy associated with globus pallidus involvement. Further experimental and prospective and long-term studies are needed for a better understanding of the factors affecting the pathophysiology, recurrence, and healing time of SC.

Plasma Activity of Antioxidants and Lipid Peroxidation Level Among Patients having Moderate and Severe Hypertension

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Akinlua
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Severe Hypertension ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
And Control ◽  
Plasma Activity

Hypertension or high blood pressure and its complications is a major cause of morbidity and mortality all over the world. The development of hypertension has been linked to atherosclerosis formation and progression which in turn has its root in free radicals induced oxidative stress and antioxidants present. This work was undertaken to determine plasma activity of enzymatic antioxidants and lipid peroxidation level in patients with moderate and severe hypertension to establish a possible association between these parameters and progression of hypertension. A total number of 60 hypertensive patients that are freshly diagnosed made up of 30 moderate and 30 severe hypertensive patients with 30 relatively healthy subjects as control recruited from Wesley Guide Hospital, Ilesa, Osun State Nigeria was used for this study. Plasma activity of catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and plasma level of malondialdehyde (MDA) was determined in both patients and control subjects using standard methodologies. The results obtained was subjected to statistical analysis using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post-hoc Duncan test with (p<0.05) considered to be significant. The result of this study revealed a significant decrease (P<0.05) in the activity of the antioxidant enzymes considered. The plasma MDA in all the patients was raised but not statistically significant p<0.05 from result obtained for the control subjects. Progressive decrease in the activity of antioxidant enzymes in these patients and a possible oxidative stress as hypertension progresses as shown in this study could be a pointer to the fact that these molecules might influence greatly the progression of hypertension.

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