Plasma Activity of Antioxidants and Lipid Peroxidation Level Among Patients having Moderate and Severe Hypertension

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Akinlua
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Severe Hypertension ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
And Control ◽  
Plasma Activity

Hypertension or high blood pressure and its complications is a major cause of morbidity and mortality all over the world. The development of hypertension has been linked to atherosclerosis formation and progression which in turn has its root in free radicals induced oxidative stress and antioxidants present. This work was undertaken to determine plasma activity of enzymatic antioxidants and lipid peroxidation level in patients with moderate and severe hypertension to establish a possible association between these parameters and progression of hypertension. A total number of 60 hypertensive patients that are freshly diagnosed made up of 30 moderate and 30 severe hypertensive patients with 30 relatively healthy subjects as control recruited from Wesley Guide Hospital, Ilesa, Osun State Nigeria was used for this study. Plasma activity of catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and plasma level of malondialdehyde (MDA) was determined in both patients and control subjects using standard methodologies. The results obtained was subjected to statistical analysis using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post-hoc Duncan test with (p<0.05) considered to be significant. The result of this study revealed a significant decrease (P<0.05) in the activity of the antioxidant enzymes considered. The plasma MDA in all the patients was raised but not statistically significant p<0.05 from result obtained for the control subjects. Progressive decrease in the activity of antioxidant enzymes in these patients and a possible oxidative stress as hypertension progresses as shown in this study could be a pointer to the fact that these molecules might influence greatly the progression of hypertension.

Trans-resveratrol supplement lowers lipid peroxidation responses of exercise in male Wistar rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoud Nasiri ◽  
Saja Ahmadizad ◽  
Mehdi Hedayati ◽  
Tayebe Zarekar ◽  
Mehdi Seydyousefi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Acute Response ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
And Control

Abstract. Physical exercise increases free radicals production; antioxidant supplementation may improve the muscle fiber’s ability to scavenge ROS and protect muscles against exercise-induced oxidative damage. This study was designed to examine the effects of all-trans resveratrol supplementation as an antioxidant to mediate anti-oxidation and lipid per-oxidation responses to exercise in male Wistar rats. Sixty-four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four equal number (n = 16) including training + supplement (TS), training (T), supplement (S) and control (C) group. The rats in TS and S groups received a dose of 10 mg/kg resveratrol per day via gavage. The training groups ran on a rodent treadmill 5 times per week at the speed of 10 m/min for 10 min; the speed gradually increased to 30 m/min for 60 minutes at the end of 12th week. The acute phase of exercise protocol included a speed of 25 m/min set to an inclination of 10° to the exhaustion point. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT) activity, non-enzymatic antioxidants bilirubin, uric acid, lipid peroxidation levels (MDA) and the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were measured after the exercise termination. The data were analyzed by using one-way ANOVA. The result showed that endurance training caused a significant increase in MDA level [4.5 ± 0.75 (C group) vs. 5.9 ± 0.41 nmol/l (T group)] whereas it decreased the total antioxidant capacity [8.5 ± 1.35 (C group) vs. 7.1 ± 0.55 mmol/l (T group)] (p = 0.001). In addition, GPx and CAT decreased but not significantly (p > 0.05). The training and t-resveratrol supplementation had no significant effect on the acute response of all variables except MDA [4.3 ± 1.4 (C group) vs. 4.0 ± 0.90 nmol/l (TS group)] (p = 0.001) and TAC [8.5 ± 0.90 (C group) vs. 6.6 ± 0.80 mmol/l (TS group)] (p = 0.004). It was concluded that resveratrol supplementation may prevent exercise-induced oxidative stress by preventing lipid peroxidation.

Biomarkers of oxidative stress in schizophrenic and control subjects

2007 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Young ◽  
S.B. McKinney ◽  
B.M. Ross ◽  
K.W.J. Wahle ◽  
S.P. Boyle
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
And Control ◽  
Biomarkers Of Oxidative Stress

Attenuation of erythrocyte membrane oxidative stress bySesbania grandiflorain streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandrabose Sureka ◽  
Thiyagarajan Ramesh ◽  
Vavamohaideen Hazeena Begum
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Erythrocyte Membrane ◽  
Osmotic Fragility ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Glycosylated Haemoglobin ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Protective Effects

The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effects of Sesbania grandiflora flower (SGF) extract on erythrocyte membrane in Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Adult male albino rats of Wistar strain, weighing 190–220 g, were made diabetic by an intraperitonial administration of STZ (45 mg/kg). Normal and diabetic rats were treated with SGF, and diabetic rats were also treated with glibenclamide as drug control, for 45 days. In this study plasma insulin and haemoglobin levels were decreased and blood glucose, glycosylated haemoglobin, protein oxidation, lipid peroxidation markers, and osmotic fragility levels were increased in diabetic rats. Moreover, erythrocytes antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxide, glutathione reductase, glutathione-S-transferase, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activities and non-enzymatic antioxidants such as vitamin C, vitamin E, reduced glutathione (GSH), and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) levels were altered. Similarly, the activities of total ATPases, Na+/K+-ATPase, Ca2+-ATPase, and Mg2+-ATPase were also decreased in the erythrocytes of diabetic rats. Administration of SGF to STZ-induced diabetic rats reduced blood glucose and glycosylated haemoglobin levels with increased levels of insulin and haemoglobin. Moreover, SGF reversed the protein and lipid peroxidation markers, osmotic fragility, membrane-bound ATPases activities, and antioxidant status in STZ-induced diabetic rats. These results suggest that SGF could provide a protective effect on diabetes by decreasing oxidative stress-associated diabetic complications.

scholarly journals The Effect of Nitrogen Fertilization and Fusarium culmorum Inoculation on the Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Wheat Flag Leaves

Poljoprivreda ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-24
Author(s):  
Magdalena Matić ◽  
◽  
Rosemary Vuković ◽  
Karolina Vrandečić ◽  
Ivna Štolfa Čamagajevac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Biotic Stress ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Fusarium Culmorum ◽  
Antioxidant Response ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Biomarkers Of Oxidative Stress

During cultivation, wheat is exposed to several abiotic and/or biotic stress conditions that may adversely impact the wheat yield and quality. The impact of abiotic stress caused by nitrogen deficiency and biotic stress caused by phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium culmorum on biomarkers of oxidative stress in the flag leaf of nine winter wheat varieties (Ficko, U-1, Galloper, BC Mandica, BC Opsesija, Ingenio, Isengrain, Felix, and Bezostaya-1) was analyzed in this study. Hydrogen peroxide concentration and lipid peroxidation level were measured as indicators of oxidative stress, while the antioxidant response was determined by measuring the concentration of phenolic compounds and activities of antioxidant enzymes. Wheat variety and nitrogen treatment had a significant effect on all examined biomarkers of oxidative stress in the flag leaf, while the impact of Fusarium treatment was less pronounced. The most significant impact on the measured stress biomarkers had a low nitrogen level, which mainly increased hydrogen peroxide concentration and lipid peroxidation level and decreased activities of antioxidant enzymes in most varieties. The obtained results were discussed and compared with the previous study in which biochemical analyzes were performed on the wheat spike. There was no significant strong correlation between flag leaf and spike response in the measured parameters, which, in addition to the variety-specific response, also indicates a tissue-specific antioxidant response.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Responses of Arsenite-induced Oxidative Stress in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) and its Modulation by Eugenol (extracted from Ocimum sanctum)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samya Mairaj ◽  
Richa Dave Nagar ◽  
Lakshmikant Bhardwaj ◽  
F. Rehman ◽  
Anirudh Punnakal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Arsenic Exposure ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Ocimum Sanctum ◽  
Rice Seedlings ◽  
Arsenic Stress

Background: Irrigation with arsenic-contaminated groundwater is leading to high arsenic-laden rice seeds and lower yields. In the present study, the effect of exogenous treatment of eugenol (extracted from Ocimum sanctum L leaf) on hydroponically grown rice seedlings was examined by investigating the antioxidant system under arsenic stress. Methods: In the experiment 7 day old rice seedlings (IR-64) were exposed to 10,50,100 µM of arsenite separately and co-treatment with 10,50,100 µM eugenol in a hydroponic medium for 7 days. The activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase and lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde) in root and shoot tissues were determined separately by standard protocol. Result: Under arsenic treatment oxidative stress was induced by overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and disruption of antioxidant defense system measured in terms of increased activity of antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde) in root and shoot tissues separately. Eugenol-treated seedlings along with arsenic exposure substantially decreased the level of arsenic uptake in plants resulting in a substantial reduction in ROS overproduction and MDA content. SOD, CAT, GPX activities perform an influential role in arsenic stress acclimatization and eugenol treated seedlings with arsenic exposures indicated substantial changes in all variables evaluated as compared to arsenic treatment only. This study suggests that oxidative stress caused by arsenic was ameliorated by eugenol.

scholarly journals Oxidative stress and outcome of antioxidant supplementation in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abubakar A. Panti ◽  
Constance E. Shehu ◽  
Yusuf Saidu ◽  
Karima A. Tunau ◽  
Emmanuel I. Nwobodo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Clinical Pregnancy ◽  
Oxidative Stress Marker ◽  
Randomised Control Trial ◽  
Antioxidant Supplementation ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Stress Marker ◽  
And Control

Background: PCOS is a condition with significant decrease in antioxidant with an increased risk of oxidative stress. Antioxidant supplementation has been shown to improve insulin sensitivity in PCOS and may improve outcome of management of PCOS. Objectives of this study were to determine the oxidative stress level of PCOS patients, to assess the effect of antioxidant supplementation on the outcome of management of PCOS and to compare with a control group.Methods: The study was a single blind randomised control trial involving 200 patients with PCOS. The study was conducted at Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital Sokoto. They were randomly divided into intervention and control groups and base line serum levels of oxidative stress marker, antioxidant enzymes, vitamins and minerals were determined. Antioxidant supplementation and placebo were given to the intervention and control groups respectively. All the patients had ovulation induction with clomiphene citrate and were followed up for 6 months. Outcome measures were clinical pregnancy or menstrual regularisation. Level of significance was <0.05.Results: There was statistical significance in the serum levels of oxidative stress marker, antioxidant enzymes, vitamins and minerals between the two groups (post intervention). Glutathione peroxidase (p = 0.001), superoxide dismutase (p = 0.0001), catalase (p= 0.0369), melondialdehyde (p= 0.007), Vitamin A, Vitamin C, Vitamin E (p = 0.0001), zinc and copper (p = 0.0001). The clinical pregnancy outcomes were 22 (22%) versus 2 (2%); live births 18 (18%) versus 2 (2%) and menstrual regularisation 48 (48%) versus 46 (46%) in the intervention and control groups respectively.Conclusions: Antioxidant supplementation in this study significantly affected pregnancy rate in patients with PCOS. Larger studies are suggested to revisit the conclusion of the Cochrane review that antioxidants supplementation had no significant role in female infertility.

Butylated hydroxyanisole alleviates ferric nitrilotriacetate induced nephrotoxicity in rats by abrogation of oxidative stress

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-70
Author(s):  
Sabah Ansar ◽  
Mohammad Iqbal ◽  
Noura Al Jameil
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Butylated Hydroxyanisole ◽  
Chemopreventive Agent ◽  
Microsomal Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide Generation

In this study the effect of butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), a phenolic antioxidantused in food on Ferric‐Nitrilotriacetate (Fe–NTA) induced nephrotoxicity is reported. Fe‐NTA (9 mg Fe/kg body weight, intraperitoneally) treatment enhanced the renal microsomal lipid peroxidation and hydrogen peroxide generation to ~2‐2.5 folds compared to saline‐treated control and glutathione levels and the activities of antioxidant enzymes decreased to a range of 2–2.5 fold in kidney. These changes were reversed significantly in animals receiving a pretreatment of BHA. Pretreatment with BHA prior to Fe‐ NTA treatment reduced microsomal lipid peroxidation and hydrogen peroxide generation to 1.3‐1.5 fold compared to control group and glutathione and the activities of antioxidant enzymes increased to a range of 1.5‐2 folds in kidney. Fe‐NTA administration enhanced value of blood urea nitrogen and creatinine to 3.7 and 2.5 fold respectively as compared to their corresponding control group. Administration of Fe‐NTA to rats receiving a pretreatment of BHA led to a significant diminution in both of these values. The results indicate that BHA is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses Fe‐NTA induced nephrotoxicity in rats.

scholarly journals An investigation of oxidant/antioxidant balance in patients with migraine: a case-control study

BMC Neurology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansoureh Togha ◽  
Soodeh Razeghi Jahromi ◽  
Zeinab Ghorbani ◽  
Amir Ghaemi ◽  
Pegah Rafiee
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
P Value ◽  
And Control ◽  
Chronic Migraineurs

Abstract Background In recent years, the role of neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in migraine pathogenesis has achieved considerable interest; however, to date findings are equivocal. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate biomarkers of oxidative stress in episodic and chronic migraineurs (EM and CM patients) and controls. Methods Forty-four patients with EM, 27 individuals with CM and 19 age-sex-matched controls were enrolled. After collecting data on demographic and headache characteristics, blood samples were collected and analyzed to detect serum levels of oxidative stress biomarkers (malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO)); total antioxidant capacity using Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) assay; and antioxidant enzymes (catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPx-1)). Results Serum levels of CAT and SOD were significantly lower in the CM group than the EM group and controls. However, serum GPx-1 levels of the CM patients were slightly higher than the EM patients and controls (P-value≤0.001). CM patients had lower mean TEAC values than EM patients and controls. In addition, serum levels of NO and MDA were significantly elevated among subjects with CM compared to EM and control individuals (P-value≤0.001). Pearson correlation analysis revealed negative correlations between the number of days of having headaches per month and serum concentrations of the two antioxidant enzymes CAT (r = − 0.60, P-value< 0.001) and SOD (r = − 0.50, P-value< 0.001) as well as TEAC values (r = − 0.61, P-value< 0.001); however, there were positive correlations between headache days and serum GPx-1 levels (r = 0.46, P-value< 0.001), NO (r = 0.62, P-value< 0.001), and MDA (r = 0.64, P-value< 0.001). Conclusion Present findings highlighted that chronic migraineurs had lower total non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity and higher oxidative stress than episodic migraineurs and control individuals. Although more studies are needed to confirm these data, applying novel prophylactic medications or dietary supplements with antioxidant properties could be promising in migraine therapy.

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress Induction by Lead in Leaves of Radish (Raphanus sativus) Seedlings

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 93-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadjet BITEUR ◽  
Abdelkader AOUES ◽  
Omar KHAROUBI ◽  
Miloud SLIMANI
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Protein Oxidation ◽  
Raphanus Sativus ◽  
Lead Concentration ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Carotenoid Concentration ◽  
Hydroponic System ◽  
Physiological Processes

Oxidative stress was induced by lead acetate (Pb) in Raphanus sativus seedlings grown in a hydroponic system using sand as substrate. Thirty day old acclimated seeds were treated for 7 days with five Pb levels (0 as control, 100, 200, 500 and 1000 mg l-1). Parameters such as growth, oxidative damage markers (lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation and hydrogen peroxide contents) and enzymatic activities of catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) were investigated. Lead concentration in plant tissues increased with increasing of Pb levels. Shoot fresh weight, chlorophyll and carotenoid concentration were significantly decreased at 100 mg l-1 Pb. Lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation and H2O2 levels were increased at 500 and 1000 mg l-1 Pb compared to control treatment, in shoots. Peroxidase activity showed a straight correlation with H2O2 concentration, whereas CAT activity decreased only in shoots. These changes in enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants showed that the Pb exposition had a significant disturbance on Raphanus sativus plantlets and affect the biochemical and physiological processes.

Antioxidant Responses and Lipid Peroxidation of Penaeus Indicus Postlarvae Subjected to Sublethal Copper Exposure

Crustaceana ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 84 (10) ◽  
pp. 1197-1210 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Copper Toxicity ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation Products ◽  
Coastal Marine ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Penaeus Indicus

AbstractThe objective of this study was to determine the effect of sublethal copper concentrations on certain antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation products in the postlarvae (PL) of Penaeus indicus when subjected to short- and long-term exposure in the laboratory. The PL of P. indicus were exposed to 0.1641 ppm (sublethal) copper for a period of 30 days along with a parallel control. Sampling was carried out at six different time intervals, i.e., 24, 48, and 96 hrs (shortterm), and 10, 20, and 30 days (long-term). Variations in the activity of the antioxidant enzymes, namely, catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), as well as lipid peroxidation products (LPP) were measured as biomarkers of metal toxicity. Our results showed a significant (P < 0.05) increase in LPP (indicating oxidative stress) and CAT activity (indicating an adaptive response of the PL for protection against oxidative stress) in the exposed PL for all periods of exposure. However, SOD activity significantly (P < 0.05) decreased on 20 and 30 days exposure, indicating susceptibility of the PL to oxidative stress upon long-term exposure. Therefore, CAT can serve as a better biomarker of oxidative stress than SOD to long-term copper toxicity. Our results indicate that copper contamination causes oxidative stress even at sublethal doses in Penaeus indicus PL, which can thus be used as a potential biomarker of copper toxicity for long-term monitoring of coastal marine ecosystems.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document