A Simple and Affordable Biofilm Assay for the Undergraduate Microbiology Classroom

Through experience and surveying undergraduate microbiology curriculum, we found that most schools discuss biofilms in lecture classes but not laboratory courses. Biofilms are a concern for both industry and the medical field and should be studied in student laboratories. To study this at an institution, there would need to be an affordable method to assay them. As a sample specimen, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was used as it proliferates into biofilms when it is starved for nutrients, which can be easily simulated in a laboratory environment. Known assays for studying biofilms are expensive, and most departments do not have the materials. In Trypticase Soy Broth (TSB), P. aeruginosa can also be induced to form a biofilm, but the technique is not seen very often because it has not been sufficiently standardized for undergraduate microbiology education laboratories. To account for the absence of specialized reagents, we incubated bacteria for longer periods of time as a means to diminish nutrients or starve the specimen. Using a two-tailed t-test, we were able to show that glass tubes inoculated with P. aeruginosa in TSB for 48 hours were forming distinct biofilms on the glass surface, which is appropriate for undergraduate microbiology laboratory studies.

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Hematological Picture of Rabbits Immunized with Pseudomonas aeruginosa

The Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Medicine ◽

10.30539/ijvm.v44i(e0).1023 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 44 ((E0)) ◽

pp. 64-68

Author(s):

Majid M. Mahmood ◽

Ahmed N . Al-ani ◽

Basil R . Razook

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Phosphate Buffer ◽

T Test ◽

Negative Group ◽

Blood Picture ◽

Sharp Fall ◽

The Third ◽

Group Control ◽

Domestic Rabbits

The current study was established to find out the role of immunization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa-whole sonicated antigen in adult white fur domestic rabbits. To achieve this goal, fifteen rabbits were allocated into 3 groups, the first group was immunized with P. aeruginosa–whole sonicated antigen and challenged with viable pathogenic P. aeruginosa; the second group (control negative) was treated with phosphate buffer saline and the third group was injected with viable pathogenic P. aeruginosa (control positive). The results demonstrated increasing levels of the measured parameters blood picture (total WBCs, lymphocytes, and granulocytes, RBCs and hemoglobin concentrations) in the first group compared with control negative group (T test was used). In contrast, a sharp fall was noted in total thrombocytes (platelets) count in the first group compared with control negative group. It can be concluded that immunization with P. aeruginosa– whole sonicated antigen may consider as a potent reproducible effective immunogen model for experimental immunological studies in rabbits

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Pola Resistensi Bakteri pada Sputum Pasien PPOK Terhadap Beberapa Antibiotika di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi RSUP Dr.M.Djamil Periode 2010 − 2012

Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas ◽

10.25077/jka.v3i3.117 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Ashima Sonita ◽

Erly Erly ◽

Machdawaty Masri

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽

Proteus Mirabilis ◽

Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽

Empiric Therapy ◽

Resistance Pattern ◽

Microbiology Laboratory ◽

Bacteria Resistance ◽

Klebsiella Spp

AbstrakPeningkatan resistensi bakteri penyebab PPOK terhadap beberapa antibiotika yang lazim digunakan oleh klinisi dalam pemberian terapi empirik akan menyebabkan berkurangnya keefektifan terhadap terapi PPOK. Hal ini akan berdampak semakin tingginya morbiditas dan mortalitas yang disebabkan oleh PPOK. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola resistensi bakteri penyebab PPOK terhadap beberapa antibiotika di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi RSUP.Dr.M.Djamil periode 2010 – 2012. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan pada bulan November 2013 sampai dengan Desember 2013 di Laboratotium Mikrobiologi RSUP Dr.M.Djamil Padang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif retrospektif. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bakteri penyebab PPOK adalah Klebsiella spp (42,44%), Streptococcus α hemolyticus (38,37%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12,21%), Staphylococcus aureus (4,65%), Proteus mirabilis (1,16%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (0,58%) dan Streptococcus pneumoniae (0,58%). Disimpulkan bahwa bakteri tersering pada sputum pasien PPOK adalah Klebsiella spp. Tingkat resistensi tertinggi adalah Ampicillin, sedangkan tingkat kepekaan tertinggi adalah terhadap Netilmycin.Kata kunci: antibiotika, bakteri, resistensiAbstractIncreased resistance of bacteria that cause COPD to some antibiotics that are commonly used by clicicians in the provision of empiric therapy, it will cause a reduction in the effectiveness of the tratment of COPD. This study aimed to determine the resistance pattern of Bacteria in sputum of patients COPD to some antibiotics in Microbiology Laboratory Dr.M.Djamil Hospital Peroid 2010 – 2012. The research method was a descriptive and retrospective. According to the result, the bacteria that causes COPD is Klebsiella spp (42.44%), Streptococcus α hemolyticus (38.37%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12.21%), Staphylococcus aureus (4.65%), Proteus mirabilis (1.16%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (0.58%), and Streptococcus pneumoniae (0.58%). It can be concluded that the bacteria which cause the highest number of COPD is Klebsiella sp. The highest level of resistance is ampicillin while the highest level of sensitivity Is netilmycin.Keywords: antibiotics, bacteria, resistance

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EDIBLE COATING MINYAK ATSIRI KEMANGI (OCIMUM BASILICUM) PADA FILLET IKAN NILA (OREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS) SELAMA PENYIMPANAN DINGIN

Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian ◽

10.21776/ub.jtp.2020.021.03.4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 175-190

Author(s):

Selly Fidia Agustin ◽

Ardhea Mustika Sari ◽

Lia Umi Khasanah

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Sodium Alginate ◽

Transmission Rate ◽

Edible Coating ◽

T Test ◽

Edible Film ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Randomized Design ◽

One Way Anova ◽

Paired T Test

ABSTRAK Fillet merupakan produk perikanan yang mudah mengalami kerusakan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui karakteristik minyak atsiri kemangi, dan edible film alginat dengan penambahan minyak atsiri kemangi, serta kemunduran mutu fillet ikan nila dengan aplikasi edible coating minyak atsiri kemangi selama penyimpanan dingin. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan satu faktor yaitu konsentrasi minyak atsiri kemangi 0,5%, 1%, dan 1,5% pada suhu 4ºC. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan one way ANOVA dan dilanjutkan dengan DMRT pada α 0,05 serta paired t-test pada α 0,05. Berdasarkan hasil karakterisasi minyak atsiri kemangi dapat diketahui rendemen minyak atsiri kemangi sebesar 0,4%, berat jenis 0,853 g/cm3, viskositas 0,002 N.m/s2 dan terdapat 38 senyawa aktif. Minyak atsiri kemangi memiliki diameter hambat bakteri Pseudomonas aeruginosa antara 5,667–18.350 mm. Edible film natrium alginat dengan penambahan minyak atsiri kemangi 0,5%, 1%, dan 1,5% memiliki nilai Water Vapor Transmission Rate (WVTR) sebesar 4,385–5,254 g/jam m2, kuat tarik 2,718–2,788 MPa, dan ketebalan 0,05–0,105 mm. Edible coating dilakukan dengan penambahan minyak atsiri kemangi 0% dan 1,5%. Coating fillet ikan nila dilakukan dengan metode dipping selama 1–2 menit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penggunaan edible coating minyak atsiri kemangi berpengaruh nyata terhadap parameter TPC, TVB, dan TBA akan tetapi tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap pH. Kata kunci: Edible Coating; Kemangi; Minyak Atsiri; Penyimpanan Dingin ABSTRACT Fillet is perishable fishery product. This research aimed to determine the characteristics of basil essential oil (EO) and sodium alginate (SA) edible film with the addition of basil EO, and deterioration of tilapia fillet with the application of basil EO edible coating during cold storage. Complete Randomized Design with one factor, concentration of basil EO 0,5%, 1%, and 1,5% stored in 4 ºC was used in this study. The data obtained were analyzed using one way ANOVA and continued with DMRT and paired t-test at α=0,05. Based on the charactierization of basil EO, the yield of basil EO was 0,4%, specific gravimetry was 0,853 g/m3, viscosity was 0,002 N.m/s2 and contained 38 active compounds. Basil EO has inhibitory diameters of Pseudomonas aeruginosa between 5,667–18,350 mm. SA edible film with the addition of 0,5%, 1%, and 1,5% basil EO has a WVTR value of 4,385–5,254 g/hour m2, tensile strength of 2,718–2,788 MPa, and thickness of 0,05–0,105 mm. Application of edible coating to tilapia fillet was carry on by adding 1,5% basil EO and without adding basil EO as a control. Tilapia fillet coating was done using dipping method for 1–2 minutes. The result showed the use of basil EO significantly affected the TPC, TVB, and TBA but didn’t significantly affected the pH. The use of edible coating with addition of 1,5% basil EO exceeds the acceptance limit on the 9th day storage meanwhile the control treatment has exceeded the acceptance limit on the 6th day storage based on TVB value. Keywords: Microbiological damage; Oxidative Damage, Sodium Alginate

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Identify and Test the Resistance of Bacteria on Dental Unit Surfaces in Dental Clinic of Dentistry Faculty, Andalas University Padang

UI Proceedings on Health and Medicine ◽

10.7454/uiphm.v1i0.29 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

Author(s):

Alifia Aura Syafira ◽

Mustafa Noer ◽

Syafrawati Syafrawati

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Clavulanic Acid ◽

Bacterial Contamination ◽

Sampling Method ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

The Body ◽

Resistance Test ◽

Microbiology Laboratory ◽

Dental Clinic ◽

Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid

Objective: Cross infection is one of the problems in dentistry. It can be caused by dental unit surfaces which act as the mediator for bacteria to enter the body. The aim of this research was to identify and test the resistance of bacteria that found on dental unit surfaces which suspected to be contaminated by patients in Dental Clinic.Methods: Using simple random sampling method, this research observed 15 samples of handle, instruments table and spittoon bowl surfaces. Bacterial contamination identified and tested for its resistance in Microbiology Laboratory of Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University. Amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid combination, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, gentamycin, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin and cefoperazone discs were used for resistance test of bacteria.Results: There were 16 contaminations of bacteria found. 12 of them were gram-positiveBacillus spand remaining four were gram-negative bacilli which are Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and two Klebsiella sp. The resistance test showed that Pseudomonas aeruginosa is resistant to amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid combination, chloramphenicol, and erythromycin while both of Klebsiella sp are resistant to amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid combination, chloramphenicol, and erythromycin.Conclusion: Dental unit surfaces are an important vehicle for resistance bacteria to spread.

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Green Nail Syndrome, A Rare Infection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in The Nail

The Avicenna Medical Journal ◽

10.15408/avicenna.v1i2.17717 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 13-16

Author(s):

Erike A. Suwarsono

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Fungal Infection ◽

Water Resource ◽

Nail Plate ◽

Microbiology Laboratory ◽

Green Color ◽

2Nd Generation ◽

The Right ◽

Nail Infection

ObjectiveA nail infection is a common case caused by fungal infection, thus can make any bacterial correlated infection in the nail can be under-diagnosed. However, Pseudomonas aeruginosa can cause nail infection known as green nail syndrome (chromonychia). Method A 3 years old girl presented with greenish discoloration on the nail plate of the right toenail since previous a month. She came from well-educated family, but the water resource at their home was not good enough. The specimen of nail scraping was sent to the microbiology laboratory. The Gram from nail scraping didn’t show any significant result. After 24 hours, a greenish colony, non-lactose fermenter on the Mac Conkey and a dominant blue-green color colony on the blood sheep agar had grown. The colonies are beta hemolytic, flat and spreading. They were also positive to oxidase and catalase. Result The Gram result from the colony was showed as basil negative Gram. Identification from Vitex 2® concluded as Pseudomonas aeruginosa that resistant to all penicillin derivate and 2nd generation of cephalosporin. However the isolate was still sensitive to ceftazidime, carbapenems, quinolones and amino-glycosides. The treatment was decided using topical fluoroquinolone nadifloxacin, and gave a significant result in a month Conclusion Green nail syndrome that is caused by P. aeruginosa infection could be treated by topical fluoroquinolone for 1-2 months

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Effects of Positive and Negative Music on Performance of a Karate Drill

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.2466/pms.1994.78.3c.1217 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 78 (3_suppl) ◽

pp. 1217-1218 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Albert R. Ferguson ◽

Michael R. Carbonneau ◽

Catherine Chambliss

Keyword(s):

Beneficial Effect ◽

White Noise ◽

Random Order ◽

T Test ◽

Double Blind Study ◽

Laboratory Studies ◽

Point Scale ◽

Double Blind ◽

Self Evaluation ◽

Within Subjects

Although athletes frequently report using music while training or before an event, laboratory studies have not detected a beneficial effect, so the influence of positive and negative music on performance of a selected karate drill was investigated in this double-blind study using 14 volunteers from two Shotokan karate schools. Each subject performed a preselected drill three times following positive and negative music and white noise in a random order. Performance of the drill was rated on a 7-item, 5-point scale by 2 raters. Differences among conditions were assessed via a within-subjects t test for paired scores. The subjects' self-evaluation of their performance was also examined. Enhancement of performance for both types of music over white noise was significant.

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Pengaruh Pemberian Glutamin pada Kemampuan Fagositosis Makrofag terhadap Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas ◽

10.25077/jka.v4i3.348 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Daslina Daslina ◽

Eryati Darwin ◽

Aziz Djamal

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Immune System ◽

Amino Acid ◽

T Test ◽

The Body ◽

Control Group ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Group Design ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Post Test

Abstrak Pseudomonas aeruginosa adalah bakteri penyebab infeksi terbanyak yang resisten terhadap antibiotik. Glutamin adalah asam amino yang terdapat dalam tubuh yang salah satu fungsinya dapat memodulasi imunitas tubuh. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan potensi glutamin dalam meningkatkan kemampuan sistem imun terhadap infeksi P. aeruginosa. Penelitian eksperimental dengan post test only control group design telah dilakukan terhadap 24 ekor mencit usia 6-8 minggu dengan berat 30 gr. Mencit dibagi ke dalam dua kelompok, yaitu kontrol (K) danperlakuan (P) yang diberi glutamin dengan dosis 30 mg/kg/hari selama 14 hari. Isolasi makrofag peritoneum mencit dilakukan pada hari ke-15 dan dilakukan uji fagositosis menggunakan latex dan bakteri P. aeruginosa. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap persentase makrofag aktif terhadap latex dan P. aeruginosa. Hasil pengamatan dan analisisstatistik menggunakan metode t-test menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan antara kontrol dan perlakuan (p<0.05). Persentase makrofag aktif terhadap latex adalah 0,63 ± 0,058 (K) dan 0,84 ± 0,04 (P), sedangkan terhadap P. aeruginosa adalah 0,56± 0,07 (K) dan 0,80± 0,03 (P). Terlihat bahwa angka persentase fagositosis terhadap P.aeruginosa lebih kecil karena adanya kemampuan bakteri untuk menghadapi makrofag dibandingkan latex. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa asam amino non-esensial glutamin memiliki pengaruh untuk meningkatkan kemampuan sistem imun tubuh. Kata kunci: glutamin, fagositosis makrofag, Pseudomonas aeruginosa Abstract Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most common cause of bacterial infections that are resistant to antibiotics. Glutamine is an amino acid in the body that able to modulate the body's immune function. The objective of this study was to determine the potential of glutamine in enhancing the ability of the immune system against infection of P.aeruginosa. Experimental research with post test only control group design was conducted on 24 male minutes 6-8 weeks of age weighing 30 grams. Mice were divided into two groups: control (K) and treatment (P) are given glutamine at a dose of 30 mg / kg / day for 14 days. Isolation of peritoneal macrophages of mice performed on day-15 and testedusing latex and bacterial phagocytosis of P. aeruginosa. Observations were made of the percentage of activated macrophages toward latex and P. aeruginosa. The observation result and statistical analysis using t -test showed a significant difference between the control and treatment (p <0.05). The percentage of active macrophages to latex was0.63 ± 0.058 (K) and 0.84 ± 0.04 (P), while to P. aeruginosa is 0.56 ± 0.07 (K) and 0.80 ± 0.03 (P). That seein it percentage of phagocytosis against P. aeruginosa smaller than compared to latex. Because of the ability of bacteria to confront macrophages. The conclusion from this study is a non-essensial amino acid glutamine has the effect to increase the ability of the body's immune system. Keywords: glutamin, immunity phagocytosis macrophage, Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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Pola Sensitivitas Isolat Klinis Bakteri Gram Negatif Multiresisten Obat Terhadap Fosfomisin dari Beberapa Rumah Sakit Kota Pekanbaru

Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran ◽

10.26891/jik.v13i1.2019.28-35 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 28

Author(s):

Dewi Anggraini ◽

Atya Nasmah ◽

Fauzia Andrini

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Clinical Isolate ◽

Alternative Therapy ◽

Drug Resistant ◽

Microbiology Laboratory ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Sensitivity Pattern

Over the last few years, there has been a decrease in amount of effective antibiotics, coincide with the lack of newantibiotics relevant for the treatment of Gram negative multi-drug resistant organisms infections. This problem can beovercome by the assessment and re-introduction of old antibiotics such as fosfomycin. Fosfomycin is a broad spectrumantibiotic that is bactericidal. This study aimed to find out the sensitivity pattern of clinical isolate multi-drug resistantGram negative bacteria to fosfomycin with descriptive cross sectional method. The sample used in this study wasclinical isolates collection of Microbiology Laboratory Faculty of Medicine, University of Riau from Hospitals inPekanbaru. The result showedsensitivity to fosfomycin Escherichia coli producing ESBL (88%), Klebsiella pneumoniaeproducing ESBL (95%), Acinotobacter baumannii resistant meropenem (27%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistantmeropenem (36%) and K.pneumoniae resistant meropenem (70%). Fosfomycin can be used as alternative therapy forinfections caused by Gram-negative Multi-drug resistant organisms.

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Perbedaan Sensitivitas Kuman Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Penyebab Infeksi Nosokomial Terhadap Beberapa Antibiotika Generik dan Paten

Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas ◽

10.25077/jka.v3i3.112 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Ayu Andrian Putri ◽

Roslaili Rasyid ◽

Rahmatini Rahmatini

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Nosocomial Infection ◽

Random Sampling ◽

Generic Drugs ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

T Test ◽

The Other ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Germ Free ◽

Free Zone

AbstrakInfeksi nosokomial adalah infeksi yang didapat di rumah sakit, terjadi sesudah 72 jam perawatan pada pasien rawat inap dan bisa juga pada pasien yang dirawat lebih lama dari masa inkubasi suatu penyakit. Menurut penelitian, salah satu kuman penyebab infeksi nosokomial adalah Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Tingginya biaya kesehatan yang bersumber dari obat sebenarnya bisa ditekan secara signifikan jika pasien menggunakan obat generik. Namun telah terjadi salah persepsi di kalangan masyarakat luas bahwa obat generik adalah obat kelas dua yang khasiatnya kurang dibandingkan dengan obat paten. Beberapa penelitian juga sudah membuktikan bahwa efektivitas dari obat generik dan paten adalah sama. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melihat dan membandingkan zona bebas kuman Pseudomonas aeruginosa penyebab infeksi nosokomial setelah pemberian antibiotika generik dan paten.Penelitian telah dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni 2013 - Desember 2013 di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Universitas Andalas. Penelitian menggunakan 24 sampel biakan kuman P. aeruginosa dari pasien infeksi nosokomial di RSUP dr. M. Djamil Padang yang ditentukan berdasarkan rumus simple random sampling menggunakan metode difusi cakram Kirby-Bauer dan dihitung zona bebas kuman terhadap 4 antibiotika generik dan paten yang diuji.Dari hasil penelitian ditemukan amoxicillin dan eritromisin generik dan paten tidak menghasilkan zona bebas kuman, zona bebas kuman dari 3 sampel yang diuji dengan kloramfenikol generik lebih besar daripada yang paten sedangkan 21 sampel sisanya sebaliknya, dan zona bebas kuman dari 8 sampel yang diuji dengan siprofloksasin generik lebih besar daripada yang paten sedangkan 16 sampel sisanya sebaliknya.Setelah dilakukan analisis statistik menggunakan SPSS dengan uji T-test independen menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna antara sensitivitas kuman Pseudomonas aeruginosa penyebab infeksi nosokomial terhadap kloramfenikol dan siprofloksasin generik dan paten. Sedangkan resistensi yang terjadi pada amoxicillin dan eritromisin diduga dipengaruhi oleh pemberian antibiotik.Kata kunci: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, infeksi nosokomial, sensitivitas, antibiotika generik dan patenAbstractNosocomial infections are infections acquired in hospitals, occurred after 72 hours of treatment in hospitalized patients and could also in patients treated for longer than the incubation period of a disease. According to research, one of the causative organism of nosocomial infection is Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The high cost of health care is actually derived from the drug can be suppressed significantly if patients use generics. But, there has been a wrong perception among the public that generic drugs are the properties of two classes of drugs less than branded name medicine. Some of studies proved that the effectiveness of generic drugs and patent are the same. The goal was to see and compare the germ-free zone of Pseudomonas aeruginosa causing nosocomial infection after given the antibiotics generic and branded name. The experiment was conducted from June 2013 to December 2013 at the Microbiology Laboratory of the Andalas University. The experiment used 24 sample of P. aeruginosa from nosocomial infection patient in RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang that determinded by simple random sampling formula and used Kirby-Bauer diffusion method then counted the free zone germ towards 4 antibiotics generic and branded name. From the results founded that generic and branded name of amoxicillin and erythromycin did not have results of germ-free zone, the germ-free zone of 3 sample that tested with generic kloramfenikol is bigger than the branded name and the less are the other way and the germ-free zone of 8 sample that tested with generic siprofloksasin is bigger than the branded name and the less are the other way.After doing statistical analysis using SPSS through the independent T-test showed that there was no significant difference between the sensitivity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa causes of nosocomial infections between generic and branded name of chloramphenicol and ciprofloxacin. Whereas about the resistance in amoxicillin dan eritromisin assumed because the influenced by irrasional antibiotics given in hospital and the prescription from the doctor.Keywords: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, nosocomial infection, sensitivity, generic and branded name antibiotic

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Detecting In-Vitro Colistin Resistance- A Comparative Study Between Broth Microdilution Versus Vitek-2 For Colistin Susceptibility Testing

Annals of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine ◽

10.21276/apalm.2720 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (7) ◽

pp. A336-340

Author(s):

Hena Butta ◽

Leena Mendiratta ◽

Raman Sardana ◽

Kirti Gilotra ◽

Sana Hasan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Clinical Microbiology ◽

Susceptibility Testing ◽

Clinical Microbiology Laboratory ◽

Microbiology Laboratory ◽

Broth Microdilution ◽

Major Error ◽

Acinetobacter Baumanii ◽

Vitek 2

Background: Susceptibility testing for polymyxins is a great challenge for a Clinical Microbiology laboratory. There are several methodological issues associated with MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) determination of colistin. Methods: In our study, we have compared the results of colistin susceptibility testing by Automated system (Vitek-2, Biomerieux, France) with the reference Broth Microdilution method (BMD) to identify the type of discrepancies by Vitek-2 method and thus develop a practical and accurate approach for colistin susceptibility testing in a Clinical Microbiology laboratory. A total of 730 strains of Gram negative bacteria [Escherichia coli (325), Klebsiella sp.(346), Acinetobacter baumanii complex (37) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (22)] from 485 patents were tested simultaneously by BMD and Vitek-2 method for colistin susceptibility testing. Results: The Essential agreement (EA), Categorical agreement (CA), Very major error (VME) and Major error (ME) rates for Klebsiella sp. were 87.3%, 89.3%, 8% and 2.3% respectively, for Escherichia coli were 88.3%, 89.5%, 9.2% and 1.2% respectively, for Acinetobacter baumannii complex were 89.1%, 91.8%, 8.1% and 0% respectively, for Pseudomonas aeruginosa were 68.1%, 72.7%, 0% and 27.2% respectively. Conclusions: Colistin susceptibility testing by Vitek-2 method is an easily adoptable method and the results of Vitek-2 with reference to BMD are acceptable to a great extent in Klebsiella sp., Escherichia coli and Acinetobacter baumanii complex. So, we believe that Vitek-2 method may be used for colistin susceptibility testing in low risk patients. However, BMD should be used in high risk immunosupressed and immunocompromised patients who are admitted in critical care units. For Pseudomonas aeruginosa, BMD should be routinely used.

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