scholarly journals Mogućnosti prevencije rizičnih ponašanja djece predškolske dobi

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1.) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Đuranović ◽  
Valentina Opić
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Risky Behavior ◽  
Risky Behaviors ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Risky Behaviour ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Social Incompetence

With each passing day there are more and more children who show different, often unacceptable behaviours in their families, in public places in kindergartens or schools. There are many reasons why children begin to adopt patterns of risky behavior. One of them is the inability to meet the child's needs (from family, immediate and wider community) in a suitable manner. The need of early detection of risk factors from the immediate environment of the child which may be the causes of risky behaviour are becoming increasingly important, especially because children at who are noticed early risky behavior are at risk, which would later be identified as social incompetence. Risky behaviors are signs of exposure to the risk of a child or call for help. In order to prevent occurrence of children's risky behaviors, it is necessary to act preventively. Pedagogical prevention should be well designed and implemented in the educational process. This paper will attempt to define the risk behaviors of children, will display some of the risk factors that encourage risky behavior and emphasize the importance of quality educational prevention.

General Practice Recruitment for People at Risk of Schizophrenia: The Buckingham Experience

2000 ◽  
Vol 34 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. A131-A136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian R. H. Falloon
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
At Risk ◽  
General Practice ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Psychotic Episode

Objective The process of detecting people at high risk of schizophrenia from a community sample is a major challenge for prevention of psychotic disorders. The aim of this paper is to describe early detection procedures that can be implemented in primary care settings. Methods A selected literature review is supplemented by experiences and data obtained during the Buckingham Integrated Mental Health Care Project. Results General medical practitioners have been favoured as the agents most likely to prove helpful in detecting the key risk factors that predict the onset of schizophrenic disorders, as well as in recognising the earliest signs and symptoms of these conditions. However, the practical problems of screening for multiple and subtle risk factors in general practice are substantial, and general practitioners (GPs) often have difficulty recognising the earliest signs of a psychotic episode. A range of strategies to assist GPs detect early signs of psychosis in their patients are considered. Conclusions It is feasible to implement primary care setting early detection procedures for people at risk of schizophrenia. Implementation is aided by the use of a brief screening questionnaire, training sessions and case supervision; and increased collaboration with mental health services and other community agencies.

scholarly journals Feasibility of cardiovascular risk screening in Portuguese community pharmacies

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 2255
Author(s):  
Anabela Fonseca ◽  
Tacio Lima ◽  
Margarida Castelo-Branco ◽  
Isabel Vitória Figueiredo
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Community Pharmacists ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Community Pharmacies ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Risk Screening ◽  
Screening Programs

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of human mortality. As highly accessible and qualified health professionals, community pharmacists can be included in the early detection of patients at risk for CVD by implementing CVD screening programs. Objective: To assess the feasibility of CVD risk screening services in Portuguese community pharmacies from the evaluation of customers acceptability. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a community pharmacy in Portugal. The purpose of entering the pharmacy was recorded for all customers. Afterwards, the customers were invited to be interviewed by the pharmacist, who registered their willingness to participate and collected the participants’ data and biochemical and physical parameters to assess their CV risk by applying the Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) model. For the participants who were not eligible for the SCORE-based risk assessment, the pharmacist considered the major modifiable CVD risk factors - hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking habits, obesity, impaired fasting glucose and sedentary behavior - according to the ESC guidelines. Results: Picking up medication was the most prevalent reason 69.8% (n=1,600) for entering the pharmacy, and among the contacted customers, 56.4% (n=621) agreed to have their CVD risk assessed. Of the 588 participants, 56.6% (n=333) were already on CV pharmacotherapy and were therefore not eligible for screening. Of the 43.4% (n=255) CV pharmacotherapy-naïve participants, 94.9% (n=242) were screened with at least one CVD risk factor; 52.9% (n=135) were not eligible for the SCORE assessment, of which 92.6% (n=125) presented CVD risk factors. Of the 120 SCORE eligible participants, 80.0% (n=96) were at least at moderate risk of CVD. Conclusions: We determined the feasibility of CVD risk screening in Portuguese community pharmacies, as we found high customer acceptability, noted the reasons for nonattendance, and found a high prevalence of CVD risk factors in at-risk patients. This is an opportunity for Portuguese community pharmacists to take a leading role in the early detection of CVD.

scholarly journals RISK FACTORS OF HIV AND AIDS EVENTS IN ADOLESCENTS 14-24 YEARS

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Iskandar Arfan ◽  
Suharyo Hadisaputro ◽  
Anies
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Risky Behavior ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Risky Behaviors ◽  
Unprotected Sex ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
Unsafe Sex ◽  
Chi Square

Abstract. Adolescents are associated with risky activities so as to be a group at risk for HIV infection. Associated with the course of HIV infection, can be understood if the infection usually begins when adolescence. The purpose of this study was to prove the influence of the host and environmental factors that influence the incidence of HIV and AIDS in adolescents 14-24 years of age. The design was used a case-control design and reinforced with qualitative studies with the number of respondents was 110 respondents, including 55 cases and 55 controls, were selected by purposive sampling attention to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Quantitative data were collected by questionare interview, qualitative data were collected by indepth interview. Analysis of bivariate data using a chi-square test and multivariate data using logistic regression. Factor that proved to affect the incidence of infection HIV and AIDS in adolescents 14-24 years is risky behavior (unprotected sex) (OR = 12.41 and 95% CI = 3.37-45.71), the communication of parents (OR = 11 , 66 and 95% CI = 4.24- 32.07). The analysis also shows that if adolescents experience both of the above, then the chances of being infected with HIV and AIDS is equal to (86%). Factors that are not proven effect is education, residency status, risky behaviors (drug injection), the use of media television/handphone (see porn picture or video), the use of the Internet media (see porn picture or video), the condition of the parents (parents of adolescents in the context complete and not divorce or dead), parental supervision, relationship with parents, peer pressure (sex) and pressure peer (injectable drugs). Risk factors for the incidence of HIV and AIDS among adolescents 14-24 years is risky behavior (unprotected sex) high and communications poor parents, Adolescent expected to always understand about (HIV and AIDS, reproductive health, n drug) to avoid unsafe sex and fill leisure time with sports and positive behaviour. Parents / families are also expected to have knowledge about (HIV and AIDS, reproductive health, n drug) establish communication, attention, rules and open to discuss problems of children.  

scholarly journals Understanding the epidemiological HIV risk factors and underlying risk context for youth residing in or originating from the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region: A scoping review of the literature

PLoS ONE ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. e0260935
Author(s):  
Roula Kteily-Hawa ◽  
Aceel Christina Hawa ◽  
David Gogolishvili ◽  
Mohammad Al Akel ◽  
Nicole Andruszkiewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Hiv Risk ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Risky Behaviors ◽  
Mena Region ◽  
Underlying Risk ◽  
Hiv Risk Factors

Introduction HIV is the second leading cause of death among young people globally, and adolescents are the only group where HIV mortality is not declining. Middle East and North Africa (MENA) is one of few regions seeing rapid increase of HIV infections (31.0%) since 2001. MENA youth are at particular risk of HIV due to dearth of research and challenges in accessing services. Objective The purpose of this scoping review is to establish the epidemiological HIV risk factors and underlying risk context for youth residing in or originating from the MENA region. Methods Online database searches were conducted using combination of search terms. Screening 5,853 citations, published between 1990–2019 with age groups 16 to 29, resulted in 57 studies included across 18 MENA countries. Results ‘Key populations’ engage in risky behaviors, including: overlapping risky behaviors among youth who inject drugs (PWID); lack of access to HIV testing, condomless sex, and multiple sex partners among young men who have sex with men (MSM); and high and overlapping risk behaviors among young sex workers. Challenges facing other youth groups and bridging populations include: peer pressure, inhibition about discussing sexual health, lack of credible sex education sources, low condom use, and lack of access to HIV protection/prevention services, especially testing. Conclusion Poor surveillance coupled with scarcity of rigorous studies limit what is known about epidemiology of HIV among youth in MENA. Homophobia, stigma around PWID, and illegal status of sex work promote non-disclosure of risk behaviors among youth and curtail serving this population.

Tokophobia (fear of childbirth): prevalence and risk factors

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Demšar ◽  
Matija Svetina ◽  
Ivan Verdenik ◽  
Natasa Tul ◽  
Isaac Blickstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Psychological Intervention ◽  
Fear Of Childbirth ◽  
Cesarean Birth ◽  
Elective Cesarean ◽  
Very High

AbstractObjective:To identify the prevalence of and to determine the risk factors for developing a fear of childbirth (tokophobia).Methods:We evaluated 191 pregnant women during Parenting and Childbirth Classes. Participants were approached when attending Parenting and Childbirth Classes between June 2014 and September 2014 and were asked to complete several questionnaires related to depression (CES-D), anxiety (STAI X1 and X2), satisfaction with life (SWLS), delivery expectation/experience (W-DEQ), and specific fears.Results:Most (90%) of the responders were nulliparous. As many as 75% of the participants reported low to moderate tokophobia, whereas 25% exhibited high or very high fear of childbirth. Pathological fear occurred in 1.6% of the participants. The most significant was the fear of having an episiotomy followed by fear of having no control on the situation and fear of pain. An association exists between a preferred elective cesarean birth and tokophobia.Conclusions:The results draw attention to the need for early detection and treatment of fear of childbirth. The data may help identifying women at risk that require prenatal psychological intervention.

scholarly journals Analisis Kebutuhan Pendidikan Pencegahan Perilaku Berisiko pada Remaja di Kabupaten Magelang

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
Fina Idamatus Silmi
Keyword(s):  
Risky Sexual Behavior ◽  
Risky Behavior ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Risky Behaviors ◽  
Observational Research ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Risky Behaviour ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Adolescents are vulnerable to risky behaviors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, and risky sexual behavior. The involvement of one risky behavior can lead to other risky behaviors. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent risky behavior to ensure adolescents' health. This study aimed to prevent risky behaviors according to adolescents' needs.Method: This was an observational research with the cross-sectional method. Data were obtained using a questionnaire through interviews with respondents. The research subjects were adolescents aged 15-24 years. Samples were randomly selected, as much as 100 adolescents. Results: There were 2 categories of adolescents, they were "delinquent adolescents" and "ordinary adolescents". The needs of SRH education of two groups were more in contents of  SRH,  methods, media, time, providers, and venue of SRH information delivery. The majority of respondents mostly preferred to select the subject related to he impact of risky behaviour.  Discussion method and mixed media, they like to choose for delivering information at night time. Most of them prefer health workers to be as health educator beside their peers. There was no significant difference in the SRH need between two groups. However, the implementation of risky behavior prevention should be differentiated.  

scholarly journals FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PERILAKU BERISIKO PADA REMAJA

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-181
Author(s):  
Mia Wahdini ◽  
Noormarina Indraswari ◽  
Ari Indra Susanti ◽  
Budi Sujatmiko
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Risky Behavior ◽  
Risky Behaviors ◽  
Premarital Sex ◽  
Risky Behaviour ◽  
Adolescent Risk Behavior ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Adolescent Risk ◽  
Adolescent Reproductive Health ◽  
The Government

FACTORS RELATING TO BEHAVIOR RISK IN TEENS Background: Physical and psychological development can lead adolescence to do risky behaviors, such as having premarital sex and using drugs. These behaviours are influenced by sociodemographic factor, knowledge, family function, and source of information on adolescent reproductive health.Objective: This study aimed to investigate risk factors associated with risky behaviors in adolescents (15-24 years old and unmarried) in West Java Province.Methods: Factors investigated in this study are: predisposing factor, such as age, sex, and knowledge; enabling factor, such as place of residency, economic status, and access to information; reinforcing factor, such as family. Secondary data from Survey of Population Performance and Accountability, Family Planning, and Family Development 2018 is used in this study. Data is analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics (bivariate and multivariate logistic regression). Results: Older adolescent, being male, live in urban area, whose mother is ≥ 60 years are more exposed to risky behavior. Adolescents who have higher educational level, more awareness in adolescent reproductive health, and whose parents are well informed towards adolescent reproductive health are associated with reduction of risky behavior. Conslusion: Factors related to risky behaviour in adolescents are age, sex, adolescent’s level of education, mother’s age, and exposure to  adolescent reproductive health.Suggestion the government needs to initiate and improve programs related to KRR Keywords: Adolescent, Risk behavior, Premarital sex, Drugs, Adolescent reproductive health ABSTRAK Latar belakang: Perkembangan fisik dan psikis dapat memicu remaja untuk melakukan perilaku berisiko seperti melakukan seks pranikah dan mengonsumsi narkoba. Perilaku ini dipengaruhi oleh faktor sosiodemografi, pengetahuan remaja, fungsi keluarga, dan sumber informasi tentang kesehatan reproduksi remaja (KRR).Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan perilaku berisiko pada remaja, usia 15-24 tahun, dan belum menikah di Jawa Barat.Metode: Faktor-faktor yang diteliti terdiri dari: faktor yang berasal dari diri remaja (predisposisi),  misalnya, usia, jenis kelamin, dan pengetahuan; faktor pendorong (enabling), contohnya tempat tinggal, status ekonomi, dan akses informasi; faktor penguat (reinforcing), yaitu keluarga. Penelitian ini menggunakan data Survei Kinerja dan Akuntabilitas Program (SKAP) Kependudukan, Keluarga Berencana, dan Pembangunan Keluarga tahun 2018. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif dan inferensial menggunakan bivariat dan multivariat regresi logistik.Hasil: Profil remaja yang lebih tua, berjenis kelamin laki-laki, tinggal di perkotaan, memiliki ibu yang berusia ≥ 60 tahun lebih rentan terhadap perilaku berisiko. Sedangkan remaja berpendidikan menengah tinggi, pengetahuan KRR yang lebih baik, dan memiliki orang tua yang lebih banyak terpapar informasi KRR berpengaruh signifikan terhadap penurunan perilaku berisiko.Kesimpulan: Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan perilaku berisiko pada remaja adalah umur, jenis kelamin, tempat tinggal, pendidikan remaja, usia ibu, dan paparan pengetahuan KRR.Saran pemerintah perlu menginisiasi dan memperbaiki program yang berkaitan dengan KRR Kata kunci: Remaja, perilaku berisiko, Seks pranikah, Narkoba, Kesehatan reproduksi remaja

Comparing the Efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Group Training and Emotion Regulation Skills in Externalizing Syndromes in Adolescents with a Tendency for Risky Behaviors

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Risky Behaviors ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Training ◽  
High Risk Behaviors ◽  
Post Test

Background: Mindfulness-based interventions can focus on the present to free people from unpleasant events of the past and worries about the future, thereby reducing their involvement in high-risk behaviors. Objectives: The present study aimed to assess the effectiveness of mindfulness and emotion regulation training in the reduction of emotion dysregulation in externalization symptoms in adolescents with a tendency for high-risk Behaviors. Materials and Methods: This experimental study was conducted on 74 at-risk high school adolescents in the 15th district of Tehran in 2019. They were randomly assigned to three groups of mindfulness, emotion regulation, and control groups. With a pre-test and post-test control group design, subjects in the intervention groups underwent sessions of mindfulness and emotion regulation training, while the control group did not receive any intervention. All groups were evaluated in pre-test and post-test using Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). The data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 18) using multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) test. Results: Based on the results, there were no significant mean differences among groups in the pretest. Nonetheless, the scores of externalization syndrome in the subscale of lawless behavior (2η=0.19; P<0.01; F=6.31 (53.2)) and aggressive behavior (18/18 0=2nd; P<0.01; F=5.68 (53.2) significantly reduced in two groups of mindfulness and emotion regulation, compared to those obtained in the control group. Conclusion: Mindfulness-based group training and emotion regulation could be regarded as useful interventions for at-risk adolescents by emotion regulation and reduction of the possibility of risky behaviors.

Online Sexual Victimization among Middle School Students: Prevalence and Association with Online Risk Behaviors

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
C. Longobardi ◽  
M.A. Fabris ◽  
L.E. Prino ◽  
M. Settanni
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Sexual Coercion ◽  
Sexual Victimization ◽  
Early Adolescents ◽  
Sexual Content ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Online Risk

In Europe, 82% of minors use a social network (SN). Although SNs offer opportunities for social interaction, they also involve some risks, such as online sexual victimization (OSV). As many as 39% of teenagers are estimated to be at risk of OSV. The literature suggests that risky online behaviors, such as sexting, indiscriminate expansion of SNs, and intimate and face-to-face relationships with strangers met online, can increase the risk of OSV among adolescents. The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of OSV and related risk factors in a sample of early adolescents. A cross-sectional study was conducted based on 310 Italian adolescents (12–14 years old) who completed the Juvenile Online Victimization Questionnaire (JOV-Q). Sixty percent of the sample reported at least one form of OSV, with males more at risk than females. Age, gender, and online risk behaviors are predictors of different kinds of OSV. In the whole sample, the most frequent kind of OSV was unwanted exposure to sexual content, followed by sexual pressure, online grooming, and sexual coercion. Sexting and indiscriminate expansion of one’s network increase the likelihood of having been the target of at least 1 OSV in the past year. Early adolescents can face a higher risk of OSV than adolescents, based on known percentages. The study of the prevalence and risk factors in this age group therefore deserves specific attention in order to design programs to prevent and combat OSV.

scholarly journals Early detection of bipolar disorders and treatment recommendations for help-seeking adolescents and young adults: Findings of the Early Detection and Intervention Center Dresden

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Martini ◽  
Karolina Leopold ◽  
Steffi Pfeiffer ◽  
Christina Berndt ◽  
Anne Boehme ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Bipolar Disorders ◽  
Treatment Recommendations ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Diagnostic Process ◽  
Lifetime Diagnosis

Abstract Background Early identification and intervention of individuals with risk factors for or subtle prodromal symptoms of bipolar disorders (BD) may improve the illness course and prevent adverse long-term consequences. Methods We examined sociodemographic, clinical and psychopathological characteristics of help-seeking adolescents and young adults who consulted the Early Detection and Intervention Center Dresden at the University of Dresden (Germany) and presented with or without pre-defined at-risk criteria for BD. The standardized diagnostic procedure for all help-seeking youth included a comprehensive psychiatric history and a structured clinical interview. When BD at-risk state was suspected, early detection instruments (EPIbipolar, BPSS-FP) were applied. Treatment recommendations were formulated in multi-professional case conferences. Results Out of 890 help-seeking persons between 05/2009 and 04/2018, 582 (65%) completed the diagnostic process. Of these, 24 (4%) had manifest BD and 125 (21%) fulfilled at-risk BD criteria (age = 23.9 ± 0.6 years, female = 62%). Of the pre-defined main risk factors, family history for BD was reported in 22% of the at-risk persons, (hypo-)mania risk state in 44%, and increasing cyclothymic mood swings with increased activity in 48%. The most common secondary risk factors were decreased psychosocial functioning (78%), lifetime diagnosis of depressive disorder (67%) and specific sleep/circadian rhythm disturbances (59%). Substance use was very common in subjects at-risk for BD (cannabis = 50%, alcohol = 33%) and highest in patients with BD (cannabis = 75%, alcohol = 40%). Psychiatric treatment history, including psychopharmacological therapy, was similar between the groups, while treatment recommendations differed, with more advice for psychotherapy and antidepressants in the at-risk group with a lifetime diagnosis of depression and more advice for specialized BD treatment including mood stabilizers in patients with BD. Conclusion This analysis on the phenomenology of different BD at-risk stages suggests that early detection of individuals presenting with suggested risk factors for the development of BD is feasible in help-seeking young people. Future research should further develop/test stage-specific prevention and early targeted intervention approaches that were described in a naturalistic setting.

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