scholarly journals Basil leaf (Ocimmum basillum form citratum) Extract Spray in Controling Aedes aegepty

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denai Wahyuni ◽  
Beny Yulianto
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Population Control ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Effective Concentration ◽  
P Value ◽  
Spearman Correlation ◽  
Natural Insecticide ◽  
One Way Anova

One of the efforts in population control of Aedes aegypti is by fogging, basil leaf is oneof natural insecticide that can be replaced with current chemical one that are commonlyused. Our aim is to measure effectiveness of basil leaf extract on Knockdown time ofAedes aegypti and effective concentration on spray usage. Twenty mosquitoes with sixdifferent intervention, each 5%, 10%, 25%, 50%, positive control, and negative control.All intervention repeated 4 times in every 5 minutes for about 1 hour. The results willbe statistically analysed using one-way ANOVA. Results: concentration of 5% and 10% have KT50 with Insecticide Score of 1 and 2 respectively without any Knockdownconcentration; concentration of 25% have KT50 with Insecticide Score of 3 and WeakKnockdown; concentration of 50% have KT50 with Insecticide Score of 5 and QuickKnockdown. Kruskall-Wallis test p-value=0,000 (p<0,05) with Spearman correlation of+0,87 or 87%. The most effective concentration on Knockdown time of Aedes aegyptiis 50%. In conclusion, Basil extract can be effecctifely used as natural and alternativeinsecticide for fogging.

Efektifitas Ekstrak Daun Sirih Hijau (Piper Betle) sebagai Insektisida Nabati terhadap Mortalitas Lalat Rumah (Musca domestica)

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-50
Author(s):  
Rinaldi Daswito ◽  
Rima Folentia ◽  
M Yusuf MF
Keyword(s):  
Musca Domestica ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Effective Concentration ◽  
P Value ◽  
Piper Betle ◽  
Microbiology Laboratory ◽  
House Flies ◽  
Betel Leaf ◽  
The One ◽  
One Way Anova

One of the diseases that can be transmitted by flies is diarrhea. Green betel leaf contains essential oils, chavicol, arecoline, phenol, and tannins which function as plant-based insecticides. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of green betel leaf extract (Piper betel) as a plant-based insecticide on the number of mortality of house flies (Musca domestica). The research was an experimental study used After Only Design used the One Way Anova test with a 95% confidence level. The samples used were 360 ​​house flies. Each treatment of 30 house flies with 4 repetitions and used three concentrations of green betel leaf extract (25%, 50%, 75%). The study was conducted at the Chemistry and Microbiology Laboratory of Health Polytechnic Tanjungpinang, while the location of the fly collection was at the Tokojo Garbage Collection Station in Bintan Regency. The number of mortality of house flies at a concentration of 25% was 81 heads (67.5%), 50% concentrations were 93 heads (77.5%), and at a concentration of 75% were 103 heads (85.83%). There was an effect of green betel leaf extract on the mortality of house flies (p-value 0.0001 <0.05) with the most effective concentration of 75%. Further research is needed to obtain a finished product utilizing green betel leaf extract as a vegetable insecticide, especially in controlling the fly vector. Need further research on the use of green betel leaf extract as a vegetable insecticide controlling the fly vector by taking into account the amount of spraying and the age of the fly.   Keywords: Green betel leaf extract , organic insecticide, houseflies

scholarly journals Aktivitas Antihiperurisemia Ekstrak Etanol Daun Galing (Cayratia trifolia L. Domin) Pada Mencit BALB/C

WARTA FARMASI ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ilyas Y ◽  
Nur Saadah Daud ◽  
Monika Aqmarina
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
P Value ◽  
Purine Base ◽  
Pharmacological Test ◽  
Cayratia Trifolia ◽  
One Way Anova

ABSTRAK Salah satu bahan alam yang diduga dapat menurunkan kadar asam urat adalah tumbuhan galing yang mengandung flavanoid. Kemampuan senyawa tersebut dalam menurunkan asam urat yaitu dengan cara menghambat aktivitas xantin oksidase pada basa purin sehingga akan menurunkan produksi asam urat. Tujuan  penelitian ini adalah  untuk  mengetahui aktivitas hiperurisemia dari ekstrak daun galing pada mencit BALB/C. Pada uji aktivitas antihiperurisemia yang dilakukan pada mencit, diinduksi pottasium oxonat pada dengan dosis 200 mg/kgBB, pada dosis ekstrak daun galing 300 mg/kg BB, 400 mg/kg BB, 500 mg/kg BB, kontrol positif allopurinol dan kontrol negatif Na-CMC 0.5% . Hasil uji farmakologi diolah secara statistik menggunakan uji normalitas dan one way ANOVA dan uji LSD (Least Significance Different) dengan program SPSS 20. Hasil penelitian menunjukan pada ekstrak ekstrak daun galing 300 mg/kg BB, 400 mg/kg BB dan 500 mg/kg BB mampu menurunkan kadar asam urat. Secara statistik terdapat pengaruh secara signifikan pada ekstrak daun galing dosis 300 mg/kg BB dan dosis 400 mg/kg BB terhadap penurunan kadar asam urat dengan nilai P 0,02<0,05 artinya terdapat perbedaan efek antihiperurisemia antara kelompok perlakuan.  Kata kunci: Antihiperurisemia, ekstrak etanol daun galing, , flavanoid, mencit   ABSTRACT One of the natural ingredients that is thought to reduce uric acid levels is a thorny plant which contains flavonoids. The ability of these compounds in reducing uric acid is by inhibiting the activity of xanthine oxidase in the purine base so that it will reduce uric acid production. The purpose of this study was to determine the hyperuricemia activity of the galing leaf extract in BALB / C mice. In the antihyperuricemia activity test conducted on mice, pottasium oxonate was induced at a dose of 200 mg / kgBW, at a dose of galing leaf extract 300 mg / kgBW, 400 mg / kgBW, 500 mg / kgBW, positive control of allopurinol and negative control of Na -CMC 0.5%. Pharmacological test results were statistically processed using the normality test and one way ANOVA and LSD (Least Significance Different) test with the SPSS 20 program. The results showed that the extract of the galing leaf extract 300 mg / kg BW, 400 mg / kg BW and 500 mg / kg BW could reduce uric acid levels. Statistically, there was a significant effect on galing leaf extract at a dose of 300 mg / kg BW and a dose of 400 mg / kg BW on decreasing uric acid levels with a P value of 0.02 <0.05, meaning that there were differences in antihyperuricemia effects between treatment groups.  Keywords: Antihyperuricemia, ethanol extract galing leaf,  flavanoid, mice  

scholarly journals THE EFFECTIVENESS OF HERBAL MOSQUITO COILS “MORIZENA” AGAINST Aedes Aegypti DEATH

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rina Priastini Susilowati ◽  
Win Darmanto ◽  
Nanik Siti Aminah
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Passiflora Foetida ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Lc50 And Lc90

It has been successfully found new herbal mosquito coils called “Morizena” made from Passiflora foetida leaf extract (40%), Chrysantemum cinerariaefolium flowers seed extract (40%), essential oils of  leaves-stems of Cymbopogon nardus (20%). The herbal mosquito coils are more effective to kill Aedes aegypti compared to commercial synthetic mosquito coils made from Transfluthrin. Treatment of exposure to herbal mosquito coils “Morizena” on Aedes aegypti for 8 hours/day with concentration 500 ppm (P1), 1000 ppm (P2), 2000 ppm (P3), 3000 ppm (P4), 4000 ppm (P5) and treatment of exposure to synthetic mosquito coils Transfluthrin 2500 ppm (K1) as a positive control, and without treatment of exposure to mosquito coils (K0) as a negative control. Experimental animals used were adult Ae. aegypti mosquito with 25 mosquitoes in each treatment. Experimental design used is one-way Anova test with linear regression to calculate its LC50 and LC90. The results of test to herbal mosquito coils “Morizena” given for 8 hours/day obtained mortality of Ae. aegypti by 92% to a concentration of 3000 ppm (P4) and 100% to a concentration of 4000 ppm (P5) and 100% for test to synthetic mosquito coils transfluthrin 2500 ppm (K1). Ae. aegypti LC50 and LC90 value for treatment of exposure to herbal mosquito coils “Morizena” are 999 ppm and 2977 ppm. Treatment of herbal mosquito coils “Morizena” with graded doses up to 4000 ppm and synthetic mosquito coils Transfluthrin 2500 ppm causing an increase in the enzyme acetylcholinesterase activity of Ae. aegypti. The conclusion is based on the Ae. aegypti  LC90 value is 2977 ppm, which means the effective dose of herbal mosquito coils “Morizena” to kill Ae. aegypti is 2977 ppm.

scholarly journals EFIKASI EKSTRAK DAUN ZODIA (Evodia suaveolens) PELARUT HEKSANA DALAM MEMATIKAN LARVA INSTAR III Aedes aegypti

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Didi Setiyadi ◽  
Martini Martini ◽  
Mochamad Hadi
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
P Value ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Post Test

DHF is a disease caused by a virus which is transmitted through the bite of the Aedes aegypti mosquito and is one of the health problems in Indonesia. Efforts to decide the transmission of DHF by controlling the population of Aedes aegypti at the larval stage using larvaside temepos. Long-term use of temephos causes Aedes aegypti resistance and environmental damage. One of the plants that has the potential as botanical larvaside is the leaves of zodia (Evodia suaveolens). The purpose of this study was to prove the efficacy of zodia leaves of hexane solvent for killing A. aegypti larvae. This type of research is a pure experiment with the post test only control group design. The research sample is A. aegypti stage III susceptible strain. There are 7 groups consisting of 1 negative control (aquades), positive control (1 ppm temepos) and 5 treatment groups (zodia leaf extract). Data on larval mortality were counted 24 hours after treatment. The results of the one way ANOVA test showed that there were differences in mortality between test groups with a p value: 0.001 α (0.05). Zodia leaf extract probit test results showed LC50-24 hour and LC90-24 hour values of 0,443 ppm and 0,788 ppm. Zodia leaf extract with hexane solvent has efficacy as Aedes aegypti larvicide.

scholarly journals In vivo antidiarrheal study of ethanolic extracts of Mikania cordata and Litsea monopetala leaves

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatema Nasrin ◽  
Md. Lukman Hakim
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Antidiarrheal Activity

<p class="Abstract">In this study the antidiarrheal activity of ethanolic extracts of the leaves of <em>Mikania cordata</em> and <em>Litsea monopetala</em> was evaluated. Diarrhea was induced in mice by oral administration of castor oil (0.5 mL) 30 min after the administration of the extracts. During a 4 hour study the number of diarrheal feces and percentage inhibition of the extracts (200 and 400 mg/kg body weight) was determined. Loperamide (3 mg/kg body weight) served as standard and belonged to the positive control group. The extracts exhibited potent antidiarrheal activity as well as achieved statistically significant p value (p&lt;0.01 and p&lt;0.05) compared to control group. Among the extracts the highest percentage inhibition of defecation (60%) was recorded for leaf extract (400 mg/kg body weight) of <em>L. monopetala</em>. So, the study corroborates the significant antidiarrheal activity of <em>M. cordata</em> and <em>L. monopetala</em> leaf extracts and raises the demand of further sophisticated investigation.</p><p> </p>

Effects of 1% and 3% Mobe Leaf Extract Gel on Socket Wound Healing after Tooth Extraction

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Olivia Avriyanti Hanafiah ◽  
Denny Satria ◽  
Avi Syafitri
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Tooth Extraction ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Gel Treatment

Tooth extraction is a process of removing teeth from the alveolar bone. In wound healing, fibroblast are very important cells. The main purpose of this study was to determine the effect of mobe leaf 1% and 3% extract gel (Artocarpus lakoocha) on fibroblast proliferation in post extraction tooth socket wound healing. This research used 16 samples of wistar rats, divided into 4 groups, a positive control group, a negative control group and a 1% and 3% mobe leaf extract gel group. The left mandibular incisors were extracted, then 1% and 3% gels of mobe leaf extract were applied on day 1 to day 7. Data analysis was calculated using the Kruskal-Wallis test on clinical data and one way ANOVA test for microscopic. The result of the socket wound healing activity test for a good concentration of mobe leaf extract gel was 3%. This research shows significant resultith p-value of 0.018 (< 0.05) on the closure of the socket wound clinically which means the closure of the wound accelerates because of the mobe leaf 3% extract gel treatment. The distance of fibroblast on microscopically shows significant resultith a p-value of 0.002 (< 0.05), which means that there was an enlargement of the distance fibroblast at the socket wound closure with application of mobe leaf 3% extract gel. From the results of the study it can be concluded that mobe leaf 3% extract gel has the best ability to show acceleration the closure of the socket wound either clinically or microscopically.

scholarly journals Efektivitas campuran ekstrak daun kari (Murraya koeginii) dengan daun sirsak (Annona murricarta linn) sebagai insektisida dalam menghentikan larut rumah (Musca domestica)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 142
Author(s):  
Syahrizal Syahrizal ◽  
Junaidi Junaidi
Keyword(s):  
Musca Domestica ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Human Life ◽  
P Value ◽  
Annona Muricata ◽  
House Flies ◽  
Curry Leaves ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The One ◽  
One Way Anova

Background: Flies (Musca domestica) can act as vectors of typhus, dysentery, and cholera. Various methods have been used to control flies from around human life, either mechanically (light traps), a chemical in the form of toxic baits or insecticides, or with scents that are repellent. A mixture of curry leaf extract with soursop leaves can be used as an insecticide to repel house flies. Because curry leaves and soursop leaves contain compounds, tannins, saponins, and flavonoids that flies do not like.Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a mixture of curry leaves with soursop leaves as a natural insecticide in repelling the flies (Musca Domestica).Methods: This research is an experimental design with a mixture of curry leaf extract with soursop leaves on the power of repelling house flies. This research was conducted in 2019 in Darul Kamal District, Aceh Besar. The object of the research was 450 house flies, which consisted of five treatments with three repetitions. Data analysis was carried out with the one-way ANOVA statistical test.Results: The descriptive results showed that at a dose of 10gr/100ml the average flies were able to repel 37 flies, at a dose of 20 gr/100ml were 44, at a dose of 30 gr/100ml were 59 and at a dose of 40 gr/100ml was 70. Of the four treatments, the most effective dose was at a dose of 40gr/100ml, which was 70 (77.7%). Statistically, it showed that there was a significant difference (p < 0.05) between various doses/treatments of mixed extracts of curry leaves (Murraya koeginii) and soursop leaves (Annona muricata Linn) on the repelling power of house flies (Musca domestica), with p-value = 0.000.Conclusion: A mixture of curry leaf extract (Murraya koeginii) with soursop leaf (Annona muricata Linn) is effective as an insecticide in repelling house flies (Musca domestica).

scholarly journals Antidepresant effects of Cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmannii) extract in depressed induced rats using 3-minutes Tail Suspension method

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Nita Parisa ◽  
Mayasari Mayasari ◽  
Nia Savitri Tamzil ◽  
Bintang Arroyantri ◽  
Ziske Maritska
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Tail Suspension ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Cinnamon Extract ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Cinnamomum Burmannii ◽  
One Way Anova

Abstract Background. The increasing prevalence of depression gives rise to challenges in not only elucidating its diverse causes, but also in finding an effective treatment. One of the factors linked to depression is the imbalance of serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine neurotransmitters.  Cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmannii) as one of the world’s wellknown cooking ingredients is believed to be able to regulate the neurotransmitters imbalance with the help of terpenoids and flavonoid polyphenols as one of its content. Objective. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of cinnamon extract as an antidepressant in depressed induced animal model. Methods. An experimental in vivo with pre-post control group design was conducted in twenty five Wistar strain white rats that were divided into 5 treatment groups that received fluoxetine as positive control, aquades, and different dose of cinnamon extracts (50 mg/kgBW, 100 mg/kgBW, and 200 mg/kgBW).  Depression induction method used was 3-minute Tail Suspension Test, done for 14 days. The antidepressant effectiveness test was carried out by calculating the immobility time duration with Forced Swimming Test method and was further analyzed using one-way ANOVA test. Results. One-way ANOVA test results showed that there were differences in the mean duration of immobility time between treatment groups after being given cinnamon extract (p value = 0,000). Groups that were given 100 mg/kgBW cinnamon extract and 200 mg /kgBW showed a p value>0.05 when compared with positive control group receiving Fluoxetine although displayed a similar reduced immobility time. Conclusion. Cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmannii) extract showed a promising potential as an effective antidepressant tested in animal model.     Keywords: cinnamon, extract, depression, immobility time, rat

scholarly journals UJI AKTIVITAS ANALGESIK GEL BULUNG BONI (Caulerpa Sp.) TERHADAP MENCIT PUTIH (Mus musculus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
Ni Luh Putu Erika Putri Jayantini ◽  
Ni Putu Trisna Ayundita ◽  
I Putu Aditya Mahaputra ◽  
Firlyandhika Dwi Fatturochman ◽  
Anak Agung Gede Rai Yadnya Putra
Keyword(s):  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
P Value ◽  
General Anesthetics ◽  
Meaningful Difference ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Plate Method ◽  
One Way Anova

Abstrak: Nyeri merupakan perasaan emosional dan sensoris yang menimbulkan rasa tidak nyaman, berhubungan dengan (ancaman) jaringan yang rusak. Analgetika merupakan suatu zat yang mengurangi  rasa nyeri tanpa membuat pingsan atau hilang kesadaran (perbedaan dengan anestetika umum). Hewan yang digunakan sebagai hewan coba yaitu mencit (Mus musculus). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbandingan onset dari masing-masing konsentrasi gel boni yang diuji. Penelitian yang dilakukan berupa eksperimental dengan menggukan metode hot plate. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ditemukan onset pada gel boni dengan konsentrasi 0.25% karena kurva masih menaik. Onset yang diperoleh pada gel boni dengan konsentrasi 0.5% yaitu terjadi pada menit ke 90 dimana area di bawah kurva yaitu 4248 yang menunjukan persen aktivitas yang dimiliki. Onset yang diperoleh pada gel boni dengan konsentrasi 0.75 % yaitu terjadi pada menit ke 90 dimana area di bawah kurva yaitu 5112 yang menunjukan persen aktivitas yang dimiliki. Semakin besar konsentrasi yang diberikan maka efek analgesik yang timbul akan semakin besar. Berdasarkan penelitian tersebut maka diperoleh data yang tedistribusi normal dan homogen serta memiliki hasil uji ANOVA one way dengan nilai P>0.05 yang berarti tidak ada perbedaan bermaknan anatara ketiga konsentrasi terhadap kontrol positif. Dari ketiga konsentrasi tersebut yang paling efektif memberikan efek analgesik yaitu konsentrasi 0.75%. Abstract: Pain is an emotional and sensory feeling that causes discomfort, associated with (threat) the damaged tissue. Analgesics are substances that reduce pain without causing fainting or loss of consciousness (in contrast to general anesthetics). The animal used as the experimental animal is mice (Mus musculus). The purpose of this study was to determine the onset comparison of each tested Boni gel concentration. This research was conducted in the form of experimental using the hot plate method. The results showed that no onset was found for the Boni gel with a concentration of 0.25% because the curve was still increasing. The onset obtained on the Boni gel with a concentration of 0.5% occurred at 90 minutes where the area under the curve was 4248, which shows the percentage of activity owned. The onset obtained on the Boni gel with a concentration of 0.75% occurred at 90 minutes where the area under the curve was 5112 which shows the percentage of activity that is owned. The greater the concentration is given, the greater the analgesic effect. Based on this research, data were obtained that were normally distributed and homogeneous and had one-way ANOVA test results with a P value> 0.05, which means that there was no meaningful difference between the three concentrations of the positive control. Of the three concentrations, the most effective was a concentration of 0.75%.

scholarly journals Antipyretic effect of key lime (Citrus aurantiifolium) leaf extract on white rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
AMELIA KARTIKA WIDOWATI ◽  
NUR HAFIDHA HIKMAYANI ◽  
ETI PONCORINI PAMUNGKASARI
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antipyretic Effect ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Key Lime ◽  
One Way Anova

Widowati AK, Hikmayani NH, Pamungkasari EP. 2012. Antipyretic effect of key lime (Citrus aurantifolia) leaf extract on white rats. Biofarmasi 10: 35-39. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antipyretic effect of key lime (Citrus aurantifolia L.) leaf extract on white rats (Rattus norvegicus) induced fever by using DPT vaccine. Thirty male white rats with the body weight of ±200 grams and the age of 2-3 months old were used in this study. Those rats were grouped equally into five groups, consisted of a negative control group (2 mL aquabidest), a positive control group (acetaminophen 6.3 mg/100 g of body weight), the first dose of key lime leaf extract (1.26 mg/100 g of body weight), the second dose (2.52 mg/100 g of body weight) and the third dose (5.04 mg/100 g of body weight). The measurement of rat temperature was conducted before and 2 hours after getting DPT vaccine, and every 30 minutes posttreatment until 120 minutes. Data at the 120th minute were analyzed by using One-Way Anova test. The results of One-Way Anova test showed that there were significant differences (p<0.05) among treatment groups. The results of post-hoc test analysis showed that the significant differences (p<0.05) were found between a negative control group and four other groups. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) between a positive control group and three groups of key lime leaf extract. It concluded that the key lime leaf extract has an antipyretic effect on white male rats.

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