Association of antiepileptic drug usage, trace elements and thyroid hormone status

BackgroundLevels of thyroid hormone (TH) and trace elements (copper (Cu) and selenium (Se)) are important for development and function of the brain. Anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) can influence serum TH and trace element levels. As the relationship between AEDs, THs, and trace elements has not yet been studied directly, we explored these interactions.MethodIn total 898 participants, from the Thyroid Origin of Psychomotor Retardation study designed to investigate thyroid parameters in subjects with intellectual disability (ID), had data available on serum Se, Cu, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4), tri-iodothyronine (T3), reverse T3, T4, and thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG); 401 subjects were on AED treatment. Differences in trace elements according to medication usage was investigated using ANOVA, and associations between trace elements and thyroid parameters were analysed using (non-) linear regression models.ResultsStudy participants were not deficient in any of the trace elements analyzed. AED (carbamazepine, valproate and phenytoin) usage was negatively associated with serum Se and showed compound-specific associations with Cu levels. After correction for drug usage, Se was positively associated with TSH levels, negatively associated with FT4levels, and positively with T3levels. Cu was positively associated with T4, T3, and rT3, which was largely dependent on TBG levels.ConclusionThe subjects with ID did not display profound deficiencies in trace element levels. AEDs were associated with serum Se and Cu levels, while serum Se and Cu were also associated with thyroid parameters. Further studies on the underlying mechanisms and potential clinical importance are warranted.

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Are serum levels of trace elements in children with auditory neuropathy within normal limits? – A pilot study

Clinical & Investigative Medicine ◽

10.25011/cim.v33i3.13720 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 155

Author(s):

Nuray Bayar Muluk ◽

Fulya Yalçınkaya ◽

Osman Kürşat Arikan ◽

Özden Çırpar ◽

Sedat Kaygusuz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Trace Elements ◽

Trace Element ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Auditory Neuropathy ◽

Neural Function ◽

Mean Values ◽

Normal Limits ◽

High Zinc ◽

Serum Trace Element ◽

Trace Element Levels

Objectives: To determine whether trace elements that are essential for neural function play a role in the pathophsiology and etiology of auditory neuropathy (AN).. Materials and methods: Patients diagnosed with auditory neuropathy consisted of eight children (two male, six female). The blood tests including the measurement of sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, phosphorus, iron, copper and magnesium were done in children with AN during their routine care. Results: Of the eight children with AN, many had serum levels outside the normal range: one had low sodium, two had low potassium, one had low chloride, two had high zinc and three had low zinc, two had low calcium and two had higher than normal phosphorus. Conclusion: Although some serum trace element levels in our patients were higher or lower than normal values, the mean values were within normal limits. Thus, we were unable to detect a relationship between serum trace element levels and AN-. In the future, larger studies should be conducted to confirm these findings.

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Evaluation of Trace Element Levels and Antioxidant Metabolism in Cattle with Cutaneous Papillomatosis

Acta Scientiae Veterinariae ◽

10.22456/1679-9216.82553 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 46 (1) ◽

pp. 5

Author(s):

Handan Hilal Arslan ◽

Duygu Tarhan ◽

Sena Cenesiz ◽

Fatma Ates Alkan ◽

Umit Ozcan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Trace Elements ◽

Trace Element ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Antioxidant Metabolism ◽

Essential Components ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Trace Element Levels ◽

Ruminant Metabolism ◽

And Control

Background: Cutaneous papillomas are benign proliferative neoplasms. The aetiology and pathogenesis of the disease are very complex. Papillomatosis lesions can be detected anywhere on the body, frequently appearing on the surface of the head, neck, teats, udder, external genital mucosa and upper part of the gastrointestinal tract. The disease is not life threatening but due to loss of productivity, owners often cull animals with papillomatosis. The relationships between trace elements, heavy metals and cancer are still researching. The aim of this study was the evaluation of the relationships between trace elements and antioxidant metabolism, and cutaneous papillomatosis, in cattle.Materials, Methods & Results: Eleven cattle with cutaneous papillomatosis and 10 healthy cattle constituted the study group and control group, respectively. Clinical examinations were performed on all animals. Blood samples were collected and Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Se, Zn, As, B, Ni, Si and Co levels were determined. The analyses were conducted with an inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrophotometer. In addition, catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) and ceruloplasmin (Cp) concentrations were measured. The Ni, Si and MDA levels of the study group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05) but the Se levels of the study group were significantly lower than in the control group (P < 0.05). The normality of the data was determined with the Shapiro-Wilk Test and the Independent Samples t-Test or Mann-Whitney U test was used for statistical comparison of the groups.Discussion: Trace elements are essential components of biological systems. The levels of trace elements, such as Cu, Co, I, Se, Zn and Mn, which are affected by grazing activity, influence ruminants’ reproductive performance and other production parameters. The elements Al, As, Cr, Ni and Sn are also presumed to be essential for ruminant metabolism, although sufficient research data are not available. In the present study, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Zn, As, B and Co levels were not significantly different between the papilloma and control groups. Se is an important trace element for skin health. This study revealed a mean serum Se level in animals with papillomatosis that was significantly lower than in the healthy group. Although the mode of anticancer activity of Se is not clear, some factors, such as antioxidant protection, improved immune system surveillance, carcinogen detoxification, modulation of cell proliferation and inhibition of tumour cell invasion and angiogenesis, are important. Ni is classified as a toxic heavy metal. In addition, it could be carcinogenic to humans. Ni level was two times higher in the papillomatosis group than in the healthy animals, in the present study. This result may indicate that Ni has a role in the genesis of papillomatosis in cattle. Si injection can cause inflammation, granulomas and cancer. There are few reports about Si levels in animals and the significant difference in the Si levels in cattle with cutaneous papillomatosis reported in this study may be a new indicator for the disease. The skin contains antioxidant molecules that include GSH, alpha-tocopherol or vitamin E, ascorbic acid or vitamin C, glutathione peroxidases, glutathione reductase, glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), superoxide dismutases (SODs), CAT and quinine reductase. There is strong interaction between ROS and/or their oxidant products and antioxidant molecules in the skin. In this study, although MDA levels were higher in the study group than in the control group, there was no significant difference between the groups in their CAT levels, and also in the GSH and CP levels. In conclusion, these results may evidence the systemic effects of papillomatosis on trace element levels and on oxidant metabolism in cattle.

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Low thyroid function is not associated with an accelerated deterioration in renal function

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation ◽

10.1093/ndt/gfy071 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 34 (4) ◽

pp. 650-659 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Christiaan L Meuwese ◽

Merel van Diepen ◽

Anne R Cappola ◽

Mark J Sarnak ◽

Michael G Shlipak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Renal Function ◽

Thyroid Hormone ◽

Thyroid Function ◽

Age Groups ◽

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽

Overt Hypothyroidism ◽

Linear Regression Models ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Adult Age

Abstract Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is frequently accompanied by thyroid hormone dysfunction. It is currently unclear whether these alterations are the cause or consequence of CKD. This study aimed at studying the effect of thyroid hormone alterations on renal function in cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses in individuals from all adult age groups. Methods Individual participant data (IPD) from 16 independent cohorts having measured thyroid stimulating hormone, free thyroxine levels and creatinine levels were included. Thyroid hormone status was defined using clinical cut-off values. Estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFR) were calculated by means of the four-variable Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) formula. For this IPD meta-analysis, eGFR at baseline and eGFR change during follow-up were computed by fitting linear regression models and linear mixed models in each cohort separately. Effect estimates were pooled using random effects models. Results A total of 72 856 individuals from 16 different cohorts were included. At baseline, individuals with overt hypothyroidism (n = 704) and subclinical hypothyroidism (n = 3356) had a average (95% confidence interval) −4.07 (−6.37 to −1.78) and −2.40 (−3.78 to −1.02) mL/min/1.73 m2 lower eGFR as compared with euthyroid subjects (n = 66 542). In (subclinical) hyperthyroid subjects (n = 2254), average eGFR was 3.01 (1.50–4.52) mL/min/1.73 m2 higher. During 329 713 patient years of follow-up, eGFR did not decline more rapidly in individuals with low thyroid function compared with individuals with normal thyroid function. Conclusions Low thyroid function is not associated with a deterioration of renal function. The cross-sectional association may be explained by renal dysfunction causing thyroid hormone alterations.

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PIXE ANALYSIS OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN SERUM AND HAIR OF PATIENTS WITH BRAIN TUMORS

International Journal of PIXE ◽

10.1142/s0129083593000094 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 03 (02) ◽

pp. 103-108 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

CHENGJUN MA ◽

ZHONGLI YIN ◽

JIFANG HAO ◽

XINZHOU JIONG ◽

QIONG SU ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Trace Elements ◽

Brain Tumors ◽

Trace Element ◽

Clinical Importance ◽

Healthy People ◽

Pixe Analysis ◽

Experimental Procedure

This investigation describes results of measurements of trace element distributions in serum and hair obtained from 30 patients with brain tumors. The experimental procedure is also described in this article. The results show that the contents of Zn, Fe and Sr in serum are lower compared to those of healthy people (p<0.01, p<0.05 and p<0.05). The contents of Ca, Cu, Sr and Zn in hair are decreased compared to healthy people (p<0.01 and p<0.05), while the contents of Cr and Fe in hair are higher by 2 times and 1.8 times (p<0.01), respectively. The results above might be of clinical importance.

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Comparison of trace element levels after cardiopulmonary bypass between cyanotic and acyanotic patients

Cardiology in the Young ◽

10.1017/s1047951117001226 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 28 (5) ◽

pp. 632-638 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Firat H. Altin ◽

Bahar Ozturk Kurt ◽

Ibrahim C. Tanidir ◽

Mehmet Kaya ◽

Okan Yildiz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Trace Elements ◽

Cardiac Surgery ◽

Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽

Trace Element ◽

Baseline Serum ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Postoperative Serum ◽

Patient Groups ◽

Trace Element Levels ◽

Zinc Levels

AbstractTrace elements are essential micronutrients for the human body. In this study, we evaluated the alterations in copper, chromium, manganese, selenium, magnesium, zinc, iron, arsenic, boron, and silicon levels in children with cyanotic and acyanotic CHD who underwent cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. Participants were divided into the following three groups: patients acyanotic CHDs (n=34), patients with cyanotic CHDs (n=30), and healthy controls (n=30). Blood samples were collected before the surgery and 1 hour after the sternum was closed. Serum trace elements were determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer-ICAP 6000. The baseline serum arsenic, manganese, and zinc levels of both patient groups were lower compared with controls, but there was no significant difference between baseline serum trace element levels of cyanotic and acyanotic patients. In both the patient groups, there was a significant decrease in postoperative serum arsenic, boron, copper, and zinc levels, and a significant increase in postoperative serum iron and magnesium levels. Silicon levels increased in cyanotic patients. Alterations in trace element levels were in the same direction in cyanotic and acyanotic patients. Copper, zinc, and manganase replacement may be needed after on-pump cardiac surgery.

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Associations of Exposure to Perfluoroalkyl Substances With Thyroid Hormone Concentrations and Birth Size

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/clinem/dgz147 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 105 (3) ◽

pp. 735-745 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Christina Xiao ◽

Philippe Grandjean ◽

Damaskini Valvi ◽

Flemming Nielsen ◽

Tina Kold Jensen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Thyroid Hormone ◽

Thyroid Function ◽

Positive Association ◽

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽

Maternal Serum ◽

Perfluoroalkyl Substances ◽

Birth Size ◽

Negatively Associated ◽

Cord Serum

Abstract Background Adequate thyroid function during pregnancy is essential for optimal fetal growth. Gestational exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) can negatively affect birth size and disrupt maternal and neonatal thyroid function, although the interrelationship is unclear. Objective We aimed to quantify the associations between maternal serum–PFAS concentrations and birth weight, birth length, and cranial circumference. We also aimed to estimate associations between PFAS and thyroid hormone (TH) concentrations, thereby elucidating whether THs potentially mediate the associations between PFAS concentrations and birth size. Methods We studied a population-based prospective cohort of 172 mother-singleton pairs from the Faroe Islands. Twelve PFAS were measured in maternal serum obtained at 34 weeks of gestation. THs were measured in maternal and cord serum. Associations between PFAS concentrations and birth size and TH concentrations were estimated using multivariable linear regressions. Sex-stratified analyses along with a mediation analysis were performed to estimate potential mediating effects of THs in the association between PFAS and birth outcomes. Results Several PFASs were negatively associated with birth weight, length, and head circumference, and a general positive association between maternal serum–PFASs and cord serum–thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH; also known as thyrotropin) was found. For instance, a doubling in perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) was associated with a 53% (95% CI, 18%-99%) and 40% (95% CI, 8%-81%) increases in TSH concentrations, respectively. There was little evidence of sexually dimorphic associations. Overall, THs were not found to mediate associations between PFASs and birth size. Conclusion In this study, several PFASs were negatively associated with birth size and increased THs; however, this did not explain lower birth weight among children exposed to PFAS.

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Serum Trace Elements and Their Associations with Breast Cancer Subgroups in Korean Breast Cancer Patients

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11010037 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 37 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Rihwa Choi ◽

Min-Ji Kim ◽

Insuk Sohn ◽

Serim Kim ◽

Isaac Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Trace Elements ◽

Trace Element ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Distant Metastasis ◽

Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Control Group ◽

Breast Cancer Patients ◽

Trace Element Levels

The relationships between serum levels of trace elements and breast cancer remain relatively unknown. In this study, we investigate serum levels of seven trace elements in Korean breast cancer patients compared to controls without breast cancer. Serum trace element levels were determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in Korean breast cancer patients before initiation of breast cancer treatment. Korean females without breast cancer served as a control group. Trace element levels were measured in the discovery cohort (n = 287) and were validated in an independent cohort (n = 142). We further investigated possible associations between trace element levels and the presence of lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, or triple-negative breast cancer among breast cancer patients in subgroup analyses. Serum manganese and molybdenum levels were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in breast cancer patients than in controls. Serum copper levels were significantly higher in breast cancer patients with distant metastasis, while selenium levels were significantly lower. Other trace elements were neither significantly different between breast cancer patients and controls nor between subgroups of breast cancer patients. Our study provides insights about the potential roles and impacts of trace elements through an assessment of the associations between trace elements and breast cancer.

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Analysis of trace element levels in the nails in patients with colorectal cancer: Consider to the effects of chemotherapy or radiotherapy

10.21203/rs.3.rs-119274/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Huynh Truc Phuong ◽

Dinh Thanh Binh ◽

Nguyen Thi Truc Linh ◽

Truong Thi Hong Loan ◽

Nguyen Van Hanh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Trace Elements ◽

Trace Element ◽

Rectal Cancer Patient ◽

Standardization Method ◽

Colon And Rectal Cancer ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Patient Groups ◽

Trace Element Levels

Abstract Nails are considered as suitable biological materials for the diagnosis of diseases by measuring trace element levels. This study aimed to evaluate the role of trace elements in detecting the risk of colorectal cancer. Evaluating the effects of cancer treatment with chemotherapy or radiotherapy was also the aim of this study. The levels of trace elements in the nails of 104 patients with colorectal cancer and 112 healthy subjects were analyzed using the k0-standardization method of neutron activation analysis. The results showed that there were significant differences of the following elements, As, Fe, Hg, Sc, Se, and Zn between the control and the patient groups, while it was not the case for the elements Br, Co, and Cr. Furthermore, this study showed that there was no significant difference in the levels of the obtained trace elements in both colon and rectal cancer patient groups between untreated and treated subjects. We conclude that the levels of As, Hg, Fe, Se, and Zn in integrated samples of the fingernail and toenails may be used to evaluate the colorectal cancer risk, and they were not affected by chemotherapy or radiotherapy.

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Lower Douro River basin (Portugal) water quality – Focus on trace element changes and anthropogenic sources of contamination

Global NEST Journal ◽

10.30955/gnj.001341 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 252-268 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Trace Elements ◽

Trace Element ◽

Principal Component ◽

Middle Part ◽

Anthropogenic Sources ◽

Common Source ◽

Aquatic Life ◽

Trace Element Levels ◽

Douro River

The Douro River lower basin water quality was studied regarding its concentration on 18 trace elements (Be, Al, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Mo, Ag, Cd, Sb, Ba, Tl, Pb and U, measured by ICP-MS). Other physicochemical parameters, such as pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen and water temperature were also determined in situ. To take into account the expected spatio-temporal changes and to look for anthropogenic influences on trace element levels, samples (n=88) were collected at 11 sampling sites in four sampling campaigns (October 2007; January, March and July 2008), in both low and high tides, in order to evaluate spatial, seasonal and tidal changes. A multivariate approach – principal component analysis – was used to investigate interelement correlations and the variability observed in the different data sets. <div> According to aquatic life limits (CCME, 2011), the quality of Douro River water was found acceptable. Except for DO, where a significant number of samples presented levels below 5.0 mg l-1, Cr(VI) (mean±sd = 3.09±1.54; median = 2.82 ppb) and Se (10.9±10.1; 7.74 ppb) all the other parameters measured fell well within acceptable limits. Occasional high levels were found for most trace elements, reflecting sporadic and local inputs. Important spatial differences in trace element levels were also found. Except for Be, Al and Mn, most metals tended to increase in the downstream direction. Some trace elements related with agriculture practices (Zn, Cu and Ni) were higher in samples collected on sampling sites located at the middle part of the studied area and were highly correlated, reflecting an eventual common source. Important seasonal differences in trace element levels were also observed, e.g., October samples were generally characterized by higher Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb levels. </div>

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Correlation of Some Trace Elements Serum Levels with Prostate Cancer Progression in Saudi Patients

The Open Public Health Journal ◽

10.2174/1874944501912010212 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 212-218

Author(s):

Saleh A. K. Saleh ◽

Heba M. Adly ◽

Altaf A.Abdulkhaliq ◽

Anmar M. Nassir

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Trace Elements ◽

Trace Element ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Cancer Progression ◽

Specific Antigen ◽

Cancer Management ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Trace Element Levels ◽

Different Levels

Background:Trace elements, such as zinc, arsenic, cadmium and nickel are found naturally in the environment, and human exposure comes from a variety of sources, including air, drinking water, and food. Yet, there are a few studies of the association between trace element levels and prostate cancer in the country.Objective:This study aimed to investigate the changes in trace elements in prostate cancer patients with different levels of their prostate-specific antigen (PSA) values.Methods:The study included 58 patients with prostate cancer aged 70 years and older, divided into 3 different levels of PSA. Full history and clinical data were recorded for all subjects. Blood samples from all subjects and levels of Se, Zn, Cd and Cu were analyzed by inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The odds ratio of trace element levels was adjusted in accordance with socioeconomic data, family history and supplements intake.Results:Mean Se and Zn levels in serum were significantly low (p<0.05) in all prostate cancer patients. The levels of serum Se decreased by 56%, 67% and 70%, while the levels of serum Zn decreased by 35%, 41% and 47%, in subjects with PSA of 5-10 ng/ml, 11-20 ng/ml and > 20 ng/ml, respectively. Cu levels were increased significantly in prostate cancer patients, while Cd levels had no significant difference between control and prostate cancer groups.Conclusion:This study emphasizes the importance of minerals intake during prostate cancer management and follow-up period. This highlights the importance of trace elements Zn and Se intake as food supplements for prostate cancer patients.

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