Evaluation of periodontal condition in individuals with down syndrome: a case-control study

Ogival palate, macroglossia, anodontia, cleft tongue, delayed tooth eruption, low prevalence of caries and high prevalence of periodontal disease are the main oral manifestations of Down syndrome. The aim of the present observational study was to evaluate the periodontal condition in individuals with Down syndrome. The study included 30 individuals who were selected according to the age group to be studied, between 17 and 25 years old, in a local institution for the care of Down syndrome (DG) patients and 30 individuals who made up the control group and who did not have Down syndrome (CG), periodontal parameters were observed in both groups that were adjusted for habits. The results showed for the Plaque Index 41.2% of the individuals in the DS group while in the CG group in 45.5% without statistical difference. For the Gingival Index, it was observed that 39.7% in the DS group and in the CG group 44.2% without statistical difference between the groups (p <0.05). Family and institutional participation collaborates in the daily control of dental biofilm. In the present study, individuals in the DG group presented periodontal clinical parameters compatible with periodontal health and when compared to healthy individuals, they did not present clinical differences.

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Determination some Immunological Aspects in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Qadisiyah Province

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance ◽

10.25258/ijpqa.v9i2.13632 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Syoof Khowman Alramahy ◽

Akram Hadi Hamza

Keyword(s):

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽

Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽

Statistical Difference ◽

Positive Culture ◽

Control Group ◽

Tuberculosis Patients ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Lowenstein Jensen ◽

The Mean ◽

Igg Level

This study was carried out to study of some immunological aspects among the pulmonary Tuberculosis patients infected with causative agent, Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A Total of 200 sputum samples were collected from patients attending the consultant Clinic for Chest and Respiratory disease center, Diwaniya. Control group (No=15) also included. According to acid fast stain of sputum, the patients were classified as positive (No=91,45.5%) and negative (No=109,54.5, Lowenstein Jensen medium used for the cultivation of samples, on which 70% of sputum samples where positive culture for this microorganism. The grown microorganism were identified as M. tuberculosis, based on positive A.F.B, Niacin producers ,negative for catlase at 68c. The mean IgG level was l184.053±76.684 mg/100 ml in tuberculosis group compared with 1016.533 ± 44.882 mg/100ml in control group, rendering the statistical difference significant. For IgA and IgM levels, they were at mean of 315.880±38.552 mg/100 ml and 119.527±8.464 mg/100 ml in control group compared with 396.358±38.776 mg/100 ml and 134.207±11.696 mg/100 ml in patients group respectively with significant difference

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ANTICYTOKINE ACTIVITY OF THE PROTOZOA BLASTOCYSTIS SPP

Bulletin Biomedicine and sociology ◽

10.26787/nydha-2618-8783-2020-5-4-44-48 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 44-48

Author(s):

Bugero N.V. ◽

Ilyina N.A. ◽

Aleksandrova S.M.

Keyword(s):

Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽

Control Group ◽

Ulcer Disease ◽

Cytokine Balance ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Blastocystis Spp ◽

High Level ◽

Eukaryotic Organisms ◽

High Degree

In addition to the classical pathogens, which are well understood and well identified, new pathogens with the potential to spread epidemiologically are being identified. Some of these little-known organisms are the simplest Blastocystis spp. blastocystostosis. The clinical significance of Blastocystis spp. and its pathogenicity are still under discussion. This parasite belongs to a group of single-celled eukaryotic organisms living in the colon of the human intestine. Blastocystis spp. is known to be found both in people with reduced immune status and in individuals without any clinical manifestation. It has been established that a sufficiently high degree of invasiveness is observed in persons with gastrointestinal tract diseases, dermatosis, allergic reactions, in patients with carriers of the human immunodeficiency virus, etc. Possessing persistence factors, protozoa blastocysts contribute to the inactivation of host defensive mechanisms, providing a stable anthogonistic effect. In recent years, many works have been devoted to the characteristics of the persistent properties of Blastocystis spr., however, individual properties of blastocysts, in particular, anticytokine activity (ACA), have not yet been studied. In this regard, the work studied the anticytokine activity of microorganisms isolated from healthy subjects and patients with gastrointestinal tract diseases. A high prevalence of the studied characteristic in the subjects was shown. The expression of anticytokine activity in the obtained isolates of blastocysts was the highest in the group of persons with gastric ulcer disease, which decreased in the order of duodenal ulcer, chronic cholecystitis, chronic gastritis, etc. The data obtained in this work on the high level of ACA expression in blastocyst isolates obtained from individuals with gastrointestinal diseases as compared with the control group enables to conclude that their exometabolites may influence the local cytokine balance [1], which supports the inflammatory process.

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Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Toxocara canis among Myositis Patients in Southwest of Iran

Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets ◽

10.2174/1871526520666191231123159 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 ◽

Author(s):

Jasem Saki ◽

Karim Mowla ◽

Reza Arjmand ◽

Forough Kazemi ◽

Somayeh Fallahizadeh

Keyword(s):

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Nested Pcr ◽

Healthy Subjects ◽

Toxocara Canis ◽

Control Group ◽

Igg Antibodies ◽

Healthy Individuals ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Acute Toxoplasmosis ◽

Southwest Of Iran

Introduction: Parasitic myositis is caused by some parasites such as T. gondii and T. canis. So, the aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence T. gondii and T. canis in patients with myositis and healthy individuals. Methods: A total of 108 samples were randomly selected as the control (54 healthy individuals) and test (54 myositis patients) groups. IgG and IgM antibodies against T. gondii and IgG antibodies against T. canis were measured by the ELISA. The detection of chronic and acute toxoplasmosis was performed by the ELISA IgG avidity. The presence of T. gondii in blood was evaluated by the nested-PCR. Results: Of 108, 33 (30.6%) cases were detected positive for IgG against T. gondii that 19 (35.2%) and 14 (25.9%) were observed in myositis patients and healthy individuals, respectively (P=0.296). Of 19 positive cases, 12 (63.2%) and 7 (36.8%) cases were detected as chronic and acute toxoplasmosis, respectively, while, all positive cases in the control group had chronic toxoplasmosis (P=0.013). One (1.9%) sample was detected positive for anti- Toxoplasma gondii IgM and two (3.7%) samples were found positive for IgG against T. canis by the ELISA that these positive cases were observed only in myositis patients (P=1.000 P=0.495, respectively). B1 T. gondii gene was amplified in 12 (63.2%) and 1 (7.1%) in myositis patients and healthy subjects (P=0.001). Conclusions: Our findings showed that there was a relatively high prevalence of acute toxoplasmosis in myositis patients in comparison with the control subjects in southwest of Iran.

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Postoperative analgesia effects of sulfentanyl plus dexmedetomidine in patients received VATS

Pteridines ◽

10.1515/pteridines-2020-0007 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

pp. 55-60

Author(s):

Haoyu Jiang ◽

Ying Zheng ◽

Chang Liu ◽

Ying Bao

Keyword(s):

Statistical Difference ◽

Control Group ◽

Control Groups ◽

Significant Statistical Difference ◽

Post Surgery ◽

Intravenous Analgesia ◽

The Mean ◽

Nsclc Patients ◽

And Control ◽

Time Point

AbstractBackground To evaluate sulfentanyl combined with dexmedetomidine hydrochloride on postoperative analgesia in patients who received video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) and its effects on serum norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), and prostaglandin (PGE2).Material and Methods Ninety-nine non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who received VATS were included in the study. All the patients received intravenous inhalation compound anesthesia. Of the 99 cases, 49 subjects (control group) received sulfentanyl for patient controlled intravenous analgesia (PICA) and other 50 cases (experiment group) received sulfentanyl combined with dexmedetomidine hydrochloride for PICA after operation of VATS. The analgesic effects of the two groups were evaluated according to Visual Analogue Scales (VAS) and the Bruggrmann Comfort Scale (BCS). The serum pain mediator of NE, DA, 5-HT, and PGE2 were examined and compared between the two groups in the first 24 h post-surgery.Results The VAS scores for the experiment group were significant lower than that of control group on the time points of 8, 16, and 24 h post-surgery (pall<0.05), and the BCS scores of the experiment group in the time points of 8, 16, and 24 h were significantly higher than that of controls (p<0.05). However, the VAS and BCS scores were not statistical differently in the time point of 1, 2, and 4 h post-surgery (pall>0.05). The mean sulfentanyl dosage was 63.01 ± 5.14 μg and 67.12 ± 6.91 μg for the experiment and control groups respectively with significant statistical difference (p<0.05). The mean analgesic pump pressing times were 4.30 ± 1.31 and 5.31 ± 1.46 for experiment and control groups respectively with significant statistical difference (p<0.05). The serum NE, DA, 5-HT, and PGE2 levels were significantly lower in the experimental group compared to that of control group in the time point of 12 h post-surgery (pall<0.05). The side effects of nausea, vomiting, delirium, rash, and hypotension atrial fibrillation were not statistically different between the two groups (pall>0.05).Conclusion Patient controlled intravenous analgesia of sulfentanyl combined with dexmedetomidine hydrochloride was effective in reducing the VAS score and serum pain mediators in NSCLC patients who received VAST.

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Impact of On-Farm Interventions against CTX-Resistant Escherichia coli on the Contamination of Carcasses before and during an Experimental Slaughter

Antibiotics ◽

10.3390/antibiotics10030228 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 228

Author(s):

Michaela Projahn ◽

Jana Sachsenroeder ◽

Guido Correia-Carreira ◽

Evelyne Becker ◽

Annett Martin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Stocking Density ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Control Group ◽

Cross Contamination ◽

High Prevalence ◽

On Farm ◽

The Impact ◽

Slow Growing

Cefotaxime (CTX)-resistant Enterobacteriaceae are still an ongoing challenge in human and veterinary health. High prevalence of these resistant bacteria is detected in broiler chickens and the prevention of their dissemination along the production pyramid is of major concern. The impact of certain on-farm interventions on the external bacterial contamination of broiler chickens, as well as their influence on single processing steps and (cross-) contamination, have not yet been evaluated. Therefore, we investigated breast skin swab samples of broiler chickens before and during slaughter at an experimental slaughter facility. Broiler chickens were previously challenged with CTX-resistant Escherichia coli strains in a seeder-bird model and subjected to none (control group (CG)) or four different on-farm interventions: drinking water supplementation based on organic acids (DW), slow growing breed Rowan × Ranger (RR), reduced stocking density (25 kg/sqm) and competitive exclusion with Enterobacteriales strain IHIT36098(CE). Chickens of RR, 25 kg/sqm, and CE showed significant reductions of the external contamination compared to CG. The evaluation of a visual scoring system indicated that wet and dirty broiler chickens are more likely a vehicle for the dissemination of CTX-resistant and total Enterobacteriaceae into the slaughterhouses and contribute to higher rates of (cross-) contamination during processing.

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Changes in contraception use among Brazilian women after childbirth, 2006-2013

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.981 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

M Felisbino-Mendes ◽

B Barrozo Siqueira

Keyword(s):

Health System ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Regional Inequalities ◽

Unified Health System ◽

Contraception Use ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Modern Methods ◽

Low Prevalence

Abstract Introduction There are gaps in knowledge regarding the neglected and vulnerable subgroups of FP actions in Brazil, such as postpartum women and women in general, regardless of their marital status. Objective To assess changes in the prevalence of use and in the contraceptive pattern of Brazilian women up to two years after pregnancy, between 2006 and 2013. Methods Cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study which used secondary data from national surveys. We studied Brazilian women with up to 2 years postpartum, of reproductive age, sexually active, non-pregnant and menstruating, and compared them with all the other women. We estimated the prevalence of use, contraception pattern of contraception and ranking of modern methods. Percentual change in indicators between the years was evaluated by calculating the difference between estimates. Results 85% of Brazilian women used CM, remaining stable in 2006 and 2013, with a high prevalence of modern methods use. An increase in the use of CM was observed among those with up to six months postpartum (71.0% to 89.0%). Pills and condoms accounted for about 60% of modern methods used in the postpartum period in both surveys. There was an increase in dual protection (2.9% to 10.1%) and contraceptive insecurity (1.6% to 5.7%) and a reduction in sterilization (16.2% to 13.4%) and traditional methods (2.1% to 1.4%). Conclusions Even with the maintenance of a high prevalence of use of CM and with the increase in contraception among women with up to six months postpartum, regional inequalities in access to CM and low prevalence of the use of other methods made available by the Unified Health System (SUS) persist, pointing out the maintenance of the insufficient care, failures in the means to regulate fertility and that public policies still hinder to guarantee the sexual and reproductive rights of the most vulnerable population. Key messages Regional inequalities in access to contraceptive methods and low prevalence of other methods made available by the Unified Health System (SUS) persist. There was an increase in contraception use among women with up to six months postpartum in Brazil.

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Eye-Movement Patterns of Readers With Down Syndrome During Sentence-Processing: An Exploratory Study

American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities ◽

10.1352/1944-7558-115.3.193 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 115 (3) ◽

pp. 193-206 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Cheryl Frenck-Mestre ◽

Nathalie Zardan ◽

Annie Colas ◽

Alain Ghio

Keyword(s):

Down Syndrome ◽

Eye Movements ◽

Sentence Processing ◽

Exploratory Study ◽

Matched Control ◽

Reading Level ◽

Control Group ◽

Future Studies ◽

Complex Sentences ◽

Simple Sentences

Abstract Eye movements were examined to determine how readers with Down syndrome process sentences online. Participants were 9 individuals with Down syndrome ranging in reading level from Grades 1 to 3 and a reading-level-matched control group. For syntactically simple sentences, the pattern of reading times was similar for the two groups, with longer reading times found at sentence end. This “wrap-up” effect was also found in the first reading of more complex sentences for the control group, whereas it only emerged later for the readers with Down syndrome. Our results provide evidence that eye movements can be used to investigate reading in individuals with Down syndrome and underline the need for future studies.

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Low Prevalence of Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) but High Prevalence of Pneumocystis dihydropteroate synthase (dhps) Gene Mutations in HIV-Infected Persons in Uganda

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0049991 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 7 (11) ◽

pp. e49991 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Steve M. Taylor ◽

Steven R. Meshnick ◽

William Worodria ◽

Alfred Andama ◽

Adithya Cattamanchi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Mutations ◽

Pneumocystis Pneumonia ◽

Dihydropteroate Synthase ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Dhps Gene ◽

Low Prevalence

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Prevalence of ColE1-Like Plasmids and Colicin K Production among Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Strains and Quantification of Inhibitory Activity of Colicin K

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.01780-06 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 73 (3) ◽

pp. 1029-1032 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Matija Rijavec ◽

Maruška Budič ◽

Peter Mrak ◽

Manica Mï¿½ller-Premru ◽

Zdravko Podlesek ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Inhibitory Activity ◽

Insertion Sequence ◽

Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽

Mosaic Structure ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Low Prevalence

ABSTRACT Colicin K exhibited pronounced inhibitory activity against uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) strains. Low prevalence of colicin K production and a relatively high prevalence of ColE1-like plasmids were determined among 215 UPEC strains from Slovenia. Sequencing of the colicin K-encoding pColK-K235 revealed a mosaic structure and the presence of the insertion sequence IS2.

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Association between Inflammatory Conditions and Alzheimer’s Disease Age of Onset in Down Syndrome

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10143116 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (14) ◽

pp. 3116

Author(s):

Florence Lai ◽

Nathaniel Mercaldo ◽

Cassandra M. Wang ◽

Giovi G. Hersch ◽

Herminia Diana Rosas

Keyword(s):

Down Syndrome ◽

Age Of Onset ◽

Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽

Inflammatory Conditions ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Wide Range ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Autoimmune Conditions ◽

B12 Deficiency ◽

The Relationship

Adults with Down syndrome (DS) have an exceptionally high prevalence of Alzheimer disease (AD), with an earlier age of onset compared with the neurotypical population. In addition to beta amyloid, immunological processes involved in neuroinflammation and in peripheral inflammatory/autoimmune conditions are thought to play important roles in the pathophysiology of AD. Individuals with DS also have a high prevalence of autoimmune/inflammatory conditions which may contribute to an increased risk of early AD onset, but this has not been studied. Given the wide range in the age of AD onset in those with DS, we sought to evaluate the relationship between the presence of inflammatory conditions and the age of AD onset. We performed a retrospective study on 339 adults with DS, 125 who were cognitively stable (CS) and 214 with a diagnosis of AD. Data were available for six autoimmune conditions (alopecia, celiac disease, hypothyroidism, psoriasis, diabetes and vitamin B12 deficiency) and for one inflammatory condition, gout. Gout was associated with a significant delay in the age of AD onset by more than 2.5 years. Our data suggests that inflammatory conditions may play a role in the age of AD onset in DS. Further studies are warranted.

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