scholarly journals SOCIALIZATION IN SOCIAL TRANSFORMATIONS OF LONG-TERM CHARACTER

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (9) ◽  
pp. 3-17
Author(s):  
Valeriy HEYETS ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Institutional Development ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
Social Transformations ◽  
Nation States ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Way

The preconditions and character of the “new normality” in the development of modern society are considered, the main features of which are the rapidity of change and the expansion of conflict, which incessantly dismantles barriers to the so-called “creative disorder.” As a result, public life is chaotic with a still unclear institutional world, where uncertainty and unpredictability, on the one hand, can no longer be limited to decisions of nation-states, and on the other, a set of signs of such normalcy, internalizing, forms dissatisfaction and protest. The set of current changes and social transformations has the characteristic features of the cycle with a special introduction to it and new content. However, there is a coincidence with a number of signs of the “dark centuries” of the Middle Ages. The way out of them was connected both with the socialization of technological transfer of cultural heritage in the process of assimilation of accumulated knowledge, and with the use of cultural capital of the past. All this, through the exteriorization activity of the individual, gave rise to the institutional conditionality for self-realization in the formation of the capitalist world. The possibility of such self-realization formed the basis of the dialectic of the formation and development of the social world of capitalism. Thus, socialization as a process of human assimilation of social ways of life and culture provided then and can provide today a social transformation of long-term nature in terms of movement from the current dominant importance of cosmopolitan universalization of the liberally organized market, which gave rise to the current crisis in society and the economy, to the evolutionary and institutional development of the economy and social transformations, through which there was a way out of the crisis and overcoming the challenges of modernity. The basis of such transformation is the mechanism of transformation of social reality on the basis of socialization on the way to a new social quality as a resource of development.

The Origins and Development of Municipal Military Service in the Leonese and Castilian Reconquest, 800–1250

Traditio ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 91-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
James F. Powers
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Contemporary History ◽  
Military Institutions ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Middle Ages

In modern society, enmeshed with confrontations involving the individual, military service and the state, historians are often inclined to make comparisons with the distant past which offer relief from the pressures of contemporary history. Regarding military service, the Middle Ages are occasionally suggested as an age when combat was sporadic, when only the small feudal aristocracy encountered a martial obligation, and when the remainder of society could concentrate on the other burdens of life, free of the paraphernalia of war, hot or cold. As with many romantic generalizations concerning the period, the comparative bliss of the medieval non-combatant is open to question. Many would note, however, that the feudal classes did possess a monopoly on warfare for several centuries in parts of Continental Europe, and would tend to place all discussion of military institutions within a feudal context.

scholarly journals Greening of education in modern society

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 11002
Author(s):  
Julia Isakova ◽  
Maxim Pchelnikov
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Environmental Education ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
The State ◽  
Ecological Education ◽  
Long Term Experiments ◽  
The Individual ◽  
State Of The Environment

The necessity of transition to ecologically oriented civilization, conditionality of formation of system of knowledge in education education and culture is shown. The system of values of ecocentric orientation is offered. In the conditions of transitive modern society the complex of ecologically significant skills is formed at receiving education and is transformed into internal beliefs of the individual. It is argued that the modern reality requires immediate initiation and development of ecological education of youth at all stages and levels of education: the state of the environment can not wait for full formation of generations, which is subject-oriented environmental education in early childhood, and does not allow time for long-term experiments.

Organizational knowledge transfer: creating new knowledge from old knowledge

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Moura ◽  
Álvaro Dias ◽  
Célia Quintas ◽  
Dilar Costa
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Transfer ◽  
Explicit Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Society ◽  
Social Transformations ◽  
Personal Belief ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Business Competitiveness

The definition of knowledge supported by Nonakae Takeuchi (1995) considers that it is a human process that allows justifying personal belief about the truth. The individual is an integral part and is inseparable from knowledge. The authors also distinguish explicit knowledge, which can be expressed in words and numbers, and tacit knowledge, that is held by the individual in the form of know-how, and can be identified through their habits, behaviors, emotions, values and ideas.However, there is a wealth of professional knowledge in qualified people that are apart from active life voluntarily or involuntarily, through unemployment or retirement. This source of knowledge could be (re)transformed into new sources of competitiveness for organizations.In this context, this paper seeks to present the results of an exploratory study, orientated to identify knowledge transfer processes, from pensioners and long-term unemployed, to business professionals and companies, through the adaptation of mentoring programs. Five thematic areas of knowledge transfer were considered and selected as key areas of organizational competitiveness: Entrepreneurship, Innovation, Cooperation, Distribution, and Exportation.We consider this work relevant to the extent that the processes of change, caused by world crisis, tend to split fundamental knowledge that must be preserved. With the emergence of the knowledge society, we face problems, uncertainties and challenges arising not only from the financial crises and economic recessions, but also from the social transformations that we have seen in the processes of globalization, demographic change, technological revolution and the single currency, among others.The various transformations mentioned have produced paradoxical impacts, in particular job and knowledge management and the organization of work and working time. Such changes imply that researchers find new ways to a more holistic and human-centered organization.To realize our study we constructed a methodology of knowledge transfer, largely inspired by the work of Peet, Walsh, Rawak & Sober (2010).Our methodology comprised several steps: ( a) identify the knowledge, ( b ) access to persons owning knowledge, ( c ) integrating knowledge in projects, ( d ) combine ideas and initiatives, (e ) relaying knowledge, ( f ) enhance and apply knowledge.The experiential processes developed under this study give companies a large potential to be able to achieve their change objectives, incorporate new knowledge and increase their competitiveness. In this vein, we concluded that our methodology of knowledge transfer was effective as a mean for learning and to operationalize the knowledge held by mentors in strategic areas in the field of entrepreneurship, innovation and cooperation. We also concluded, by the duration of the project and through the measurement of the effects of knowledge transfer and its return in terms of effective improvement of business competitiveness, that it must be applied on a time scale projected in the medium and long term.

Social Gift as an Act of Communication: the Problem of Digitalization

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
M. Zaharov ◽  
I. Starovoytova ◽  
Anastasiya Shishkova
Keyword(s):  
Social Impact ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Social Transformations ◽  
Social Risks ◽  
The Gift ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Cultural Component ◽  
The Moment ◽  
High Level

Based on the study of modern domestic and foreign literature, the article reveals a variety of methodological approaches to the phenomenon of social gifting. The structure, essence, stages and functions of the gift act are analyzed. It is shown that a social gift is a non-verbal means of communication, a carrier of encoded information about the gift giver, the gift acceptor and the gift situation itself, aimed at establishing, maintaining and strengthening long-term social ties. The informational and symbolic effects of gift are disclosed, it is said about the change in the communication properties of a gift in modern society. The authors of the article showed that in a communication society, along with the positive aspects of social donation (ease of transmission, high level of emotionality, high social impact, etc.), negative aspects are also inevitable: an increase in the moment of uncertainty, non-guaranteed positivity of the consequences of the gift. The analysis of new forms of social gift: virtual gifts, digital gifts, gifts through social networks — is of particular interest. The authors investigate the new social risks of such gifts: insufficient privacy, excessive openness, the danger of losing the national-cultural component of the gift act, etc. The article is of great interest to all who study social transformations taking place in a communication society.

scholarly journals Research of the Nutrition Problem: Methodological Approaches and Daily Practices

2014 ◽  
pp. 209-218
Author(s):  
A. V. Noskova
Keyword(s):  
Modern Society ◽  
Western Society ◽  
Actual Problem ◽  
Social Transformations ◽  
Nutrition Research ◽  
Nutrition Practices ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Nutrition Problem ◽  
Sociology Of Food

The article analyzes some scientific approaches to nutrition research and current nutrition practices for students of two Moscow Universities. The author notes that the necessity for scientific studying of food has been understood at the end of the XIX - the beginning of the XX centuries. In the article the social context of three directions of researches of a nutrition problem is analyzed: natural-scientific, ethnographic and sociological. The answer to a question why the healthy nutrition for modern society is an actual problem is given. It is shown that modern social transformations have changed sociocultural regulation of nutrition consumption. The variety of scientific approaches to food is revealed: a food as a factor of physical health, a food as an ethnocultural tradition, a food as a social habit and marker of the social status of the individual. The special emphasis is made on the European sociology of food. In the last thirty years in this area, some special sociological theories were formed: sociology of nutrition, sociology of food, sociology of menu, etc. Consumer abundance in modern western society changed a view of sociologists on essence and functions of food. New social factors give now more pressure on the nutrition practices. Based on food diaries and essays of 60 Moscow students, the author's project shows and analyzes the current nutrition practices of youth. The analysis of some peculiarities in the youth choice of food is made. The influence of social/dietary/religious norms on food behavior of students is shown. Value of "healthy food" in youth interpretation is shown. In the end of the article, the author notes the dialectics of freedom / social pressure for nutrition practices of modern youth.

scholarly journals DEPENDENT PERSONALITY BEHAVIOR AS A PROBLEM OF MODERN PSYCHOLOGY

2020 ◽  
pp. 102-112
Author(s):  
N. M. Kaptalan
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Food Addiction ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Addictive Behavior ◽  
Social Transformations ◽  
Dependent Personality ◽  
Dependent Behavior ◽  
Psychological Pressure ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Subjective Space

In the conditions of modern social and social transformations, various manifestations of addictive behavior, such as alcoholism, drug addiction, gambling, eating disorders and others, have significantly increased.The article is devoted to the analysis of the state of development of the problem of dependent behavior of the individual and the selection of the main socio-personal determinants of this phenomenon. It is shown that the specifics of modern social life of the individual, psycho-emotional loads, incomplete and individual problems and other aspects of subjective space provoke states of internal tension and discomfort, significantly increase the constant psychological pressure felt by the subject, which is realized in violations eating behavior. The purpose of the article is to consider the main approaches to dependent personality behavior In today’s world, the problem of addictive behavior is one of the most difficult and difficult for society. It is extremely important for every state to have such a community, which would consist of people who are developed, intelligent, have goals and understand how to achieve them. Summarizing the scientific material on different types of addictive behavior, we can, firstly, divide them into socially acceptable and socially unacceptable types, and secondly, chemical and non-chemical, noting that food addiction occupies an intermediate place. Analyzing the existing scientific material, we can say that addictive behavior is not only a purely medical, but also a social and cultural problem of modern society.

scholarly journals The Imperative of the Bioethical Approach to the Moral and Political Problems of the Coronacrisis COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-87
Author(s):  
Sokolov Vladimir M. ◽  
◽  
Stovba Andrey V. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
World Health ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Political Rights ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Individual

Mass diseases in the modern world, such as epidemics and even more pandemics pose global threats and risks to human civilization. Few infectious diseases known or emerging pose vital ethical problems as quickly and sharply as they did during the outbreak of the new form of the coronavirus COVID-19. The peculiarity of this epidemic is that the emergency situation in healthcare over a short period of time escalated into an economic and geopolitical crisis, which received one of its names “Corona Crisis 2020”. The World Health Organization has classified COVID-19 as a worldwide pandemic. At the time of writing this article, the epidemic has declined, but in the future, there is a threat of a “new wave” of infectious diseases. The moral and political dilemmas arising from the outbreak of the new coronavirus, among other problems, also actualize many bioethical considerations in developing methods and tactics for combating the epidemic. The limited capabilities of the healthcare system and medicine in the treatment of infections highlight the need for understanding bioethical approaches to many problems and challenges affecting the vital values and interests of the individual, medical workers and society as a whole. We attempt to identify and briefly analyze some aspects of the political and moral state of modern society, due to corona crisis COVID-19. A comparative analysis of existing concepts of bioethics with an emphasis on the need for adapting ethical standards and requirements for public health policies is given. We stress the importance of adhering to the principle of mutual moral responsibility of the state and the individual; the protection of socio-economic and political rights and freedoms of a person during the period of implementation long-term measures of isolation and long-term emergency situation. Keywords: coronavirus COVID-19, pandemics, bioethics, policy, health organization

scholarly journals How Legacies of Geopolitical Trauma Shape Popular Nationalism Today

2021 ◽  
pp. 000312242110119
Author(s):  
Thomas Soehl ◽  
Sakeef M. Karim
Keyword(s):  
Latent Class ◽  
National Identities ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Liberal Nationalism ◽  
Liberal Democratic ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Historical Argument ◽  
Popular Nationalism ◽  
The Individual

Geopolitical competition and conflict play a central role in canonical accounts of the emergence of nation-states and national identities. Yet work in this tradition has paid little attention to variation in everyday, popular understandings of nationhood. We propose a macro-historical argument to explain cross-national variation in the types of popular nationalism expressed at the individual level. Our analysis builds on recent advances on the measurement of popular nationalism and a recently introduced geopolitical threat scale (Hiers, Soehl, and Wimmer 2017). With the use of latent class analysis and a series of regression models, we show that a turbulent geopolitical past decreases the prevalence of liberal nationalism (pride in institutions, inclusive boundaries) while increasing the prevalence of restrictive nationalism (less pride in institutions, exclusive boundaries) across 43 countries around the world. Additional analyses suggest the long-term development of institutions is a key mediating variable: states with a less traumatic geopolitical history tend to have more established liberal democratic institutions, which in turn foster liberal forms of popular nationalism.

Institutional Development beyond the Crisis

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-73
Author(s):  
Bianor Scelza Cavalcanti ◽  
Guilherme R. Garcia Marques
Keyword(s):  
Common Good ◽  
Institutional Development ◽  
Institutional Capacity ◽  
Public Private Partnerships ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
The Common Good ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Way

This paper argues that, despite the current crisis in Brazil, many steps have been taken to strengthen its institutional capacity regarding the way of doing business and dealing with public-private partnerships as concerns fiscal and budgetary responsibility, as well as making politics in the country more transparent, accountable and focused on the common good

Sinkholes and Seismic Shifts

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilla Fojas
Keyword(s):  
Social Transformation ◽  
Popular Media ◽  
Ecological Crisis ◽  
The Real ◽  
Global Catastrophe ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Way

Disaster films and storylines overwhelm, shock, and immobilize publics. They offer little in the way of possibilities for social transformation or revolution. The individual crisis, the individualization of global catastrophe in its miniaturization in small disasters, like the sinkhole, personalizes ecological crisis and, quite literally, brings it home. Many of the popular media stories about sinkholes describe them as unpredictable and arbitrary events in which entire houses are consumed, streets and sidewalks cave in, and people and their pets are absorbed by hollow chasms in and around their homes. The sinkhole crisis demands expediency for the immediacy of its threat. The real threat of a sinkhole might be more effective in changing the relationship of individuals to the environment.

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