scholarly journals SPATIAL REGULARITIES OF CHANGE IN AVERAGE ANNUAL WATER FLOW OF RIVERs OF UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
pp. 06-14
Author(s):  
O.I. Lukianets ◽  
◽  
O.G. Obodovskyi ◽  
V.V. Grebin ◽  
O.O. Pochaievets ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Sediment Runoff ◽  
Water Runoff ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Hydropower Potential ◽  
Annual Water

One of the most important ways of broad territorial generalization of hydrological characteristics is isoline maps, which are used in the calculation of average annual, seasonal, maximum and minimum water runoff, sediment runoff, in assessing water resources or water balance of the studied areas and so on. The purpose of this study is to construct with the help of GIS analytical functions a map of isolines of the average annual water runoff of rivers of Ukraine and analysis of spatial patterns of its changes. For this purpose, a bank of average annual water discharge was established from the beginning of observations up to and including 2015, from 389 hydrological posts located in Ukraine and abroad (Belarus, the Russian Federation, Moldova, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania). The map created according to modern data is of great practical importance for various types of water management design: development of a strategy for the rational use and protection of water resources, planning and implementation of water management measures, optimal regulation of river flow, assessment of hydropower potential of rivers and so on.

QARABAĞ ÇAYLARININ SU EHTİYATLARI

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-37
Author(s):  
R.A. İsmayılov
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Atmospheric Precipitation ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Average Observation ◽  
Annual Water ◽  
Annual Water Discharge

Abstract. Karabakh is one of the main regions in Azerbaijan where local water resources are formed. The article calculated the water resources of the area using the data of hydrological observation stations operating on the Karabakh rivers before the occupation. For research and analysis of average annual water discharge, multiyear observation data of hydrological stations operating on the Karabakh rivers were collected and integrated into the SpSS Statistics program. For the study multi-year average observation data of 32 hydrological stations in 20 rivers were collected. In order to determine the exact location of the hydrological stations operating in the area, a map was compiled using the Geographic Information System with reference to the fund and archive materials. In addition, hydrological zoning of the flow was carried out depending on the orographic features of Karabakh. During the analysis, two hydrological regions were identified. The first hydrological region is the Tartarchay-Guruchay hydrological region, and the second region is hakari-Oлchuchay hydrological region. As a result of the study, it was determined that the water resources of the Karabakh rivers are 1.64 km3 , which is 5.31% of the total water resources of Azerbaijan. During the implementation of water management measures in the area, in order to ensure the water security of the area, the resource potential of atmospheric precipitation and river flow for the area was analyzed and maps were compiled. Keywords: Karabakh rivers, hydrological station, water catchment area, water resources, water balance, hydrological zoning

scholarly journals Determination of river flow under the conditions of lack of hydrological data on the example of hydroelectric power chain on the river Mtkvari

2020 ◽  
pp. 113-121
Author(s):  
Khatia Chokheli ◽  
◽  
Grigol Khelidze ◽  
Teimuraz Arshba ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Flow ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Water Inflow ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Hydrological Data ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Annual Water ◽  
The Impact

The article discusses a method for determining water discharge at intake points under the conditions of lack of hydrological data. As an example is given the calculation of the river flow at intake points of the hydroelectric power chain cascade on the river Mtkvari (Chitakhevi HPP, ZAHPP, Ortachala HPP). The data taken from the hydrological stations of ,,Likani,, and „Tbilisi“ are multiplied by the adaptation coefficient, which is obtained by dividing catchment areas of Chitakhevi HPP ZAHPP and Ortachala HPP. The method allows to receive continuous average monthly and annual water discharge at the intake points of Chitakhevi HPP, ZAHPP, Ortachala HPP, instead of incomplete hydrological data. Additionally, the impact of Zhinvali reservoir is taken into account in the calculation of river flow at intake points of the ZAHPP and Ortachala HPP. Also its effect on natural water inflow of river Mtkvari is established. The calculation results show that since of the operation of Zhinvali HPP the average annual water inflow of the river Mtkvari is decreased by 10% at the intake points of the ZAHPP and Ortachala HPP. Using the calculation results it is possible to determine the river flow for existing and planned HPPs on the section of Chitakhevi-Ortachala. The method also helps to determine the design parameters of these HPPs more accurately that is important for effective and safe operation of HPPs on the river Mtkvari during different levels of water flow.

THE PECULIARITIES OF WATER RUNOFF AND SEDIMENT YEILD IN THE MOUTH OF THE RIVERS OF BOLSHOI SOCHI DISTRICT

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Д. Айбулатов ◽  
D. Aybulatov ◽  
Р. Казюлин ◽  
R. Kazyulin
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Sediment Runoff ◽  
Water Runoff ◽  
Annual Water ◽  
Anthropogenic Intervention ◽  
Natural And Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Very High ◽  
Runoff And Sediment Yield

Estuaries of the rivers in Bolshoi Sochi district are the most densely populated areas of the Black Sea coastline area in Russian Federation. Study of water runoff and sediment yield in the mouth of the rivers has an important role in applied science, because the frequency of dangerous hydrological processes is very high. Floods and lateral rivers erosion can leads to catastrophic emergencies. Analysis of hydrological data and physiographic properties of the region help to make several conclusions about water runoff and sediment yield of the region rivers: average annual water and sediment runoff tends to increase, maximum flood discharges increase too. The mouths of the rivers in Bolshoi Sochi District were classified by natural and anthropogenic factors. In the estuaries district were calculated and ploted on topographic maps flooding areas. Also in the work considered information of the anthropogenic intervention in the natural environment of the rivers mouths.

scholarly journals Assessing the impacts of climate change on water resources in the Srepok watershed, Central Highland of Vietnam

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 524-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thi Huyen ◽  
Le Hoang Tu ◽  
Vo Ngoc Quynh Tram ◽  
Duong Ngoc Minh ◽  
Nguyen Duy Liem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
The Third ◽  
Central Highland ◽  
Annual Water ◽  
Annual Water Discharge ◽  
Second Period

The Srepok watershed in the Central Highland of Vietnam plays an important role in the economic development of the region. Any harmful effects of climate change on natural resources may cause difficulties for social and economic development in this area. The present study aims to predict and evaluate changes of water resources in the Srepok watershed under the impact of climate change scenarios by using the soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) model. The study used observed weather data from 1990 to 2010 for the first period and climate change scenarios A1B and A2 from 2011 to 2039 for the second period and from 2040 to 2069 for the third period. According to the climate change scenarios of the studied watershed, future minimum and maximum daily average temperature will rise in all climate change scenarios and the amount of annual precipitation will fall in scenario A1B and go up in scenario A2. Based on the simulation results, the annual water discharge in scenario A1B decreased by 11.1% and 1.2% during the second and third periods, respectively, compared with the first. In scenario A2, annual water discharge increased by 2.4% during the second period but decreased by 1.8% during the third period.

scholarly journals SOURCES OF UNCERTAINTY AND PROBLEMS OF INCREASING THE ACCURACY OF FLOW ASSESMENT FOR THE TRANSBOUNDARY NARVA RIVER

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 84-90
Author(s):  
Artem Iukhno ◽  
Tatiana Yakovleva ◽  
Yaroslav Kobears
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Water Regime ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Sources Of Uncertainty ◽  
Seasonal Factors ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Annual Water ◽  
Annual Water Discharge

The water regime of the transboundary Narva River has always been constantly addressed by the hydrometeorological community. For many years, at the interstate level (the Russian Federation and the Republic of Estonia), there has been a discussion about the accuracy of flow assessment and the correctness of the methods applicable for these purposes. In some years, the discrepancies between the estimates of the average annual water discharge obtained by the Estonian and Russian sides reach values of 20-27%. Sustainable, reliable water use requires updating approaches and achieving greater unambiguity in the flow assessment. In the presented article, various sources of uncertainty in the Narva river flow assessment as hydrodynamic, seasonal factors and imperfection of existing methods are considered. 

scholarly journals Unravelling Climate and Anthropogenic Forcings on the Evolution of Surface Water Resources in Southern France

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3581
Author(s):  
Camille Labrousse ◽  
Wolfgang Ludwig ◽  
Sébastien Pinel ◽  
Mahrez Sadaoui ◽  
Guillaume Lacquement
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Southern France ◽  
Surface Water Resources ◽  
Annual Water ◽  
Annual Water Discharge

In the Mediterranean, climate change and human pressures are expected to significantly impact the availability of surface water resources. In order to quantify these impacts during the last 60 years (1959–2018), we examined the hydro-climatic and land use change evolution in six coastal river basins of the Gulf of Lion in southern France. By combining observed water discharge, gridded climate, mapped land use and agricultural censuses data, we propose a statistical regression model which successfully reproduces the variability of annual water discharge in all basins. Our results clearly demonstrate that, despite important anthropogenic water withdrawals for irrigation, climate change is the major driver for the detected reduction of water discharge. The model can explain 78–88% of the variability of annual water discharge in the study catchments. It requires only two climatic indices that are solely computed from monthly temperature (T) and precipitation (P) data, thus allowing the estimation of the respective contributions of both parameters in the detected changes. According to our results, the study region experienced on average a warming trend of 1.6 °C during the last 60 years which alone was responsible for a reduction of almost 25% of surface water resources.

scholarly journals MULTIVARIATE FACTOR ANALYSIS OF THE HYDROPOWER POTENTIAL MODULES IN THE PRIPYAT BASIN RIVERS (UKRAINE)

2021 ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
V.O. Korniienko
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Hydropower Potential ◽  
Determining Factors ◽  
Annual Water ◽  
Annual Water Discharge ◽  
The Impact

The importance of assessing hydropower resources in recent years determines the study of the quantitative characteristics of river hydropower. Interesting and at the same time important for understanding the assessment of hydropower potential and its module is a multivariate analysis of the determining factors that determine their magnitude. This approach makes it possible to establish the impact and assess the possible relationship between natural and anthropogenic indicators on its formation. It is especially important to establish the factors that determine the magnitude of the modulus of the hydropower potential, an indicator by which it is possible to reflect the total hydropower of rivers in a spatial context. Since the magnitude of the hydropower potential and its modulus is influenced by numerous factors that may be weakly interdependent, it was decided to apply multivariate analysis to establish the most significant indicators using factor analysis. Studies have shown that hydropower, runoff indicators, catchment area, indicators of erosional activity of the catchment, and indicators of the river’s slope exert the greatest influence on the magnitude of the modules of the hydropower potential. The indicators of plowing, forest cover, and regulation indirectly affect the magnitude of the modulus of the total hydropower potential. In the course of the study, the dependences of the hydropower potential on the catchment area and the average annual water discharge, the module of the hydropower potential and the indicator of the depth of the erosional incision of the rivers were built. The connections are characterized by good degrees of correlation and can be used to calculate the magnitude of hydropower in rivers for which there are no or insufficient input data. In a conclusion, the use of factor analysis made it possible to establish a relationship between all 15 factors, according to 26 hydrological stations, and to identify the main determining factors influencing the formation and spatial distribution of the total hydropower potential module for the Pripyat basin rivers within Ukraine. According to the results of the calculation by the method of factor analysis, five main groups of factors with the corresponding factor load. The first two groups of factors accounted for more than 80% of the total variance of the distribution.

scholarly journals Evaluation of influence of irrigation using the resources of donor river (the Dniester) on characteristics of the annual water runoff of the Baraboy River

2018 ◽  
pp. 42-49
Author(s):  
N.S. Loboda ◽  
Ya.S. Yarov
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
Annual Runoff ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Water Runoff ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Runoff Model ◽  
Artificial Reservoirs

The article assesses the characteristics of the annual runoff of the Baraboy River (the Odessa Region), which remains unexplored from the hydrological point of view, under natural conditions and those affected water-related activities, on the basis of the «climate-runoff» model. The main factors of anthropogenic impact on the hydrological regime of the Baraboy River include a large number of artificial reservoirs and intensive irrigation of agricultural areas using the water resources of the Dniester River. The paper presents estimations of changes of the natural runoff of the Baraboy River in the presence of artificial reservoirs and irrigation using the resources of the donor river (the Dniester). It is shown that, under natural conditions of runoff formation, the river would have to dry out during dry and extremely dry years. Additional evaporation from the surface of artificial reservoirs contributes to a decrease of the annual runoff. Following the use of the «climate-runoff» model it was established that waste waters entering the riverbed from agricultural lands irrigated using the water resources of the donor river (the Dniester) can substantially increase the actual runoff of the Baraboy River at its mouth (by 10-30% for a several years' period, depending on the scale of water management alterations). It is substantiated that the flow of return water, if different real areas of irrigation are taken into account, exceeds the loss of the runoff resulting from additional evaporation from the surface of artificial reservoirs. Donor irrigation provides stable parameters of river runoff during dry and extremely dry years. The disadvantage of donor irrigation is that it causes the effect of land flooding. The «climate-runoff» model allows optimization of the water management alterations ensuring the most efficient use of agricultural land, depending on the extent of its irrigation, its location within the basin, selection of main crops that need irrigation. Therefore, the next stage of research is evaluation of the quality of groundwater within the basin of the Baraboy river under conditions of donor irrigation.

scholarly journals HYDROLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF RIVER RUNOFF IN GEOECOLOGICAL STUDIES OF SURFACE WATER IN THE SLAVSKY DISTRICT, KALININGRAD REGION

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-197
Author(s):  
Yu.A. Spirin
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Hydrological Characteristics ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Complete Set ◽  
Kaliningrad Region ◽  
Annual Water ◽  
Annual Water Discharge

An important issue in geoecological studies of watercourses can be considered the presence of integral and continuous hydrological series. On their basis, most of the hydrological calculations and structures are made, without which high-quality and rational water use is impossible. Unfortunately, in the Kaliningrad region, there are a number of difficulties with obtaining a complete set of recorded results of hydrological monitoring carried out over watercourses. The aim of the work was to collect hydrological information and calculate the main hydrological characteristics of the river flow of some watercourses in the Slavsky region. All the available data on hydrometric observations of the rivers of the considered territory were collected, on the basis of which hydrological series of average annual discharges were compiled. These rivers are: Zlaya, Osa, Matrosovka and Nemoninka. The missing data in the hydrological series of the average annual water discharge of the rivers under consideration were restored. The curves of the provision of average annual expenditures have been built according to the reconstructed data, and the average long-term expenditures, coefficients of variation and coefficients of asymmetry of the studied water bodies have been calculated. The entire methodology was based on the current set of rules for hydrological calculations. The results obtained can play an important role in further geoecological studies of watercourses in the Slavsk region, planning their use and in various project activities to develop water use.

scholarly journals Geography of world water consumption: state, dynamics, prospects

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
River Flow ◽  
The State ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Water Losses ◽  
Water Factor ◽  
The One

The lack of fresh water is becoming the one of the most threatening challenges to mankind. It is pertinent to solve the problem of finding ways to overcome the impending danger. The features of the allocation of water resources and their use in the modern world are considered. Based on correlation analysis it is shown a relatively high correlation between the population and water resources, on the one hand, and volumes of water consumption, on the other, in the context of different world parts, and the absence of such correlation in the context of individual countries of the world. It describes the state and dynamics of world industrial, communal and domestic water consumption. There are calculations on the forecast of the state of water resources, taking into account the increasing volume of their exploitation, irrevocable water losses and pollution of water sources. It shows that the dynamics of their use leads to a threatening water management imbalance on a global scale. The measures taken toupgrade the water supply systems for population and economy will not lead to an improvement of the situation. It is necessary to find ways of solving the problem on the international level, including organizational, political, economic, and technical aspects. One of such ways is to improve the water consumption territorial structure on a planetary scale based on the strengthening importance of the water factor in the organization of industrial and, in particular, agricultural production. Conclusions: the water factor should become decisive in determining the economic specialization of countries within the framework of the international division of labor. The second way includes the extension of the practice of inter-basin redistribution of river flow with the creation of interregional and international zones of unified water consumption with the appropriate water management complexes.

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