STAPHYLOCOCCAL ANTIBODIES IN CYSTIC FIBROSIS OF THE PANCREAS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1960 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 792-799
Author(s):  
S. P. Halbert ◽  
P. A. di Sant'Agnese ◽  
F. Rotman Kotek
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hemolytic Streptococcus ◽  
Significant Percentage ◽  
Etiologic Agents ◽  
Extracellular Products ◽  
Group A

It has been shown that the sera of patients with cystic fibrosis reveal more numerous and frequent antibody responses to extracellular products of strains of Staphylococcus aureus than do sera from control subjects of a similar age, time and place. In a significant percentage of patients with cystic fibrosis multiple antibody responses were found against extracts of a Hemophilus influenzae strain. Such multiple antibodies were not seen in sera of the control group. These findings suggest that this organism may not infrequently be involved in the pathogenesis of the pulmonary lesions. Many more patients with cystic fibrosis than controls failed to reveal antibodies against the extracellular products of a strain of group A hemolytic streptococcus. No detectable antibodies were found in any of the sera against pneumococcal type 2 polysaccharide, old tuberculin or a mouse peritoneal toxoplasma concentrate. The potential value of this approach for the analysis of the underlying etiologic agents involved in the respiratory infections of patients with cystic fibrosis is discussed.

scholarly journals Clinical efficacy of a screening approach to the differentiated prescription of antibiotic therapy in children with acute tonsilopharyngitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 101 (6) ◽  
pp. 805-811
Author(s):  
O I Pikuza ◽  
A M Zakirova ◽  
T B Moroz
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Microbial Culture ◽  
Hemolytic Streptococcus ◽  
Screening Approach ◽  
Group A

Aim. To assess the effectiveness of the screening approach by prescribing a streptotest to verify the etiological cause of tonsillopharyngitis in children. Methods. We observed 67 patients aged 7 to 11 with a history of recurrent respiratory infections. The incidence of acute respiratory infections varied from 8 to 12 times during the year preceding the examination. The main group consisted of 36 children who had tonsillopharyngitis with severe inflammation of the tonsils and plaque on the tonsils. The control group included 31 patients with acute tonsillopharyngitis with inflammatory changes in the tonsils and the absence of plaque. The observation and control groups were comparable and did not have statistically significant differences in gender and age. All patients underwent a common clinical, laboratory, and instrumental examination. Along with microbial culture, the special examinations included an express test (Dectra Pharm, France) for the presence of group A -hemolytic streptococcus. Results. All children underwent an etiological examination. The presence of a viral antigen was confirmed in 71.64% of children. 27.49% of patients in the control group and 30.72% of patients in the main group had positive results of the express test for group A -hemolytic streptococcus, taking into account the requirements for assessing this reaction. It was revealed a reliable direct relationship between the detected viral infection and the negative results of the streptatest test (r=0.86; p=0.03) for the control group, and a positive correlation of the confirmed presence of group A -hemolytic streptococcus in the main group as with both C-reactive protein (r=0.78; p=0.04) and with inflammatory markers in the general blood test. A combination of positive fluorescence of viral antigens based on the results of immunofluorescence and a positive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for group A -hemolytic streptococcus was recorded in 7.46% of all patients. Clinical examples are given the justification of practical implementation of the express test for the quick diagnostic information. Conclusion. Differentiated etiological diagnosis of acute tonsillopharyngitis based on clinical symptoms and the levels of markers of bacterial inflammation is extremely difficult therefore laboratory criteria should be the justification for prescribing antibiotic therapy; currently, the most accessible is the streptatest for the detection of group A -hemolytic streptococcus, which allows confirming or denying the presence of group A -hemolytic streptococcus within a few minutes, which means that it is correct to prescribe antibacterial drugs to patients.

scholarly journals Antibody responses in buffalos immunized with Clostridium perfringens beta and epsilon toxoids

2001 ◽  
Vol 46 (No. 9–10) ◽  
pp. 241-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Rahman M ◽  
K. Baek B ◽  
T. Hong S ◽  
H. Lee J
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Titre ◽  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses ◽  
Antibody Titres ◽  
Group A ◽  
And Control

The antibody responses to toxoids were measured to investigate whether Clostridium perfringens beta and epsilon toxoids induced protective humoral immune responses in buffalos. Total of 24 buffalos were divided into 4 groups (n = 6), beta toxoid, epsilon toxoid, combination and control groups. These buffalo groups were administered each of the designated toxoids. Immunizations in the beta and epsilon toxoid groups induced strong antibody responses. The neutralizing antibody titres from the beta and epsilon toxoid groups were equally log101.2 on day 21 after inoculation whereas there was no antibody titre detected from the control group. A statistically significant (P < 0.01) increase in antibody titre was observed from day 0 to day 14 and 21 after inoculation. The antibody production did not vary significantly due to day of inoculation and toxoid interactions.

scholarly journals The structural and functional features of the microcirculatory bed in patients with arterial hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Lohankova ◽  
Yu. V. Kotovskaya ◽  
A. S. Milto ◽  
Zh. D. Kobalava
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Microcirculatory Bed ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Group A ◽  
Functional Features

The structural and functional features of the microcirculatory heel (MCB) were studied in patients with arterial hypertension (AH) in relation to the presence or absence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM). Two hundred and twelve patients were examined. These included 110 patients with grades 1 and 2 arterial hypertension (AH) and type 2 DM, 82 patients with AH without type 2 DM, and 20 apparently healthy individuals. Laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) was used to estimate basal blood flow, the loading test parameters characterizing the structural and functional status of MCB, and the incidence of hemodynamic types of microcirculation. Patients with AH concurrent with type 1 DM were found to have the following microcirculatory features: an increase in perfusion blood flow (microcirculation index, 8,8±1,8 perf. units versus 4,9±0,8 perf, units in patients with AH without DM and 6,7±0,9 perf. units in the control group), a drastic reduction in myogenic activity to 13,2±5,7 % versus 16,7±6,8 and 25,2±6,4 %, respectively, a decrease in vascular resistance, impairment of autoregulation, and low reserve capacities (reserve capillary blood flow was 197,8±31,6 % versus 429,9±82,01 % in the group of AH without DM and 302,8±50,1 % in the control group), a predominance of the hyperemic hemodynamic type (58,8 % in patients with AH and DM, 20,9 % in those with AH without DM, and 20,0 % in the controls). The specific features of the altered microcirculatory bed in patients with AH concurrent with type 2 DM were ascertained. These included the predominance of hyperemic microcirculation, impaired autoregulation. diminished microvascular resistance, and the low reserve capacities of the microcirculatory bed.

scholarly journals Discontinuation of metformin to prevent metformin-induced high colonic FDG uptake: is 48 h sufficient?

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (11) ◽  
pp. 833-839
Author(s):  
Nanno Schreuder ◽  
Hedwig Klarenbeek ◽  
Brian N. Vendel ◽  
Pieter L. Jager ◽  
Jos G. W. Kosterink ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Fdg Uptake ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Group A ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct ◽  
Colon Ascendens

Abstract Objective In this retrospective, single-center observational study, we investigated whether discontinuing metformin for at least 48 h prevents metformin-induced [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake in all segments of the colon. Methods Patients with type 2 diabetes who were using metformin before undergoing an FDG PET/CT scan were included. Two groups were created: patients who discontinued metformin for less than 48 h (< 48 h group) and patients who discontinued metformin for between 48 and 72 h (≥ 48 h group). A control group comprised non-diabetic patients who were not using metformin before undergoing an FDG PET/CT. We visually scored the uptake of FDG in four segments of the colon—the ascendens, transversum, descendens, and rectosigmoid—using a four-point scale (1–4) and considered scores of 3 or 4 to be clinically significant. Results Colonic FDG uptake in the ≥ 48 h group (n = 23) was higher than uptake in the control group (n = 96) in the colon descendens [odds ratio (OR) 14.0; 95% confidence interval (CI) 4.8–40.9; p value: 0.001] and rectosigmoid (OR 11.3; 95% CI 4.0–31.9; p value: 0.001), and there was no difference in the colon ascendens and transversum. Colonic FDG uptake in the < 48 h group (n = 25) was higher than uptake in the ≥ 48 h group (n = 23) in the colon transversum (OR 4.8; 95% CI 1.3–18.5; p value: 0.022) and rectosigmoid (p value: 0.023), and there was no difference in the colon ascendens and descendens. Conclusions Discontinuing metformin for 48 h before undergoing an FDG PET/CT still gives a high uptake in the distal parts of the colon when compared with non-diabetic patients who are not using metformin. Discontinuing metformin for 48 h seems to be useful for scanning the more proximal segments of the colon.

scholarly journals Levels of Inflammatory Cytokines in Type 2 Diabetes Patients with Different Urinary Albumin Excretion Rates and Their Correlation with Clinical Variables

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fen-qin Chen ◽  
Jiao Wang ◽  
Xiao-bo Liu ◽  
Xiao-yu Ma ◽  
Xiu-bin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Inflammatory Mechanism ◽  
Potential Contributor ◽  
Group A ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Excretion Rates ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

Although the pathogenetic mechanism of DN has not been elucidated, an inflammatory mechanism has been suggested as a potential contributor. This study was designed to explore the relationship between low-grade inflammation and renal microangiopathy in T2DM. A total of 261 diabetic subjects were divided into three groups according to UAE: a normal albuminuria group, a microalbuminuria group, and a macroalbuminuria group. A control group was also chosen. Levels of hs-CRP, TNF-α, uMCP-1, SAA, SCr, BUN, serum lipid, blood pressure, and HbA1c were measured in all subjects. Compared with the normal controls, levels of hs-CRP, TNF-α, uMCP-1, and SAA in T2DM patients were significantly higher. They were also elevated in the normal albuminuria group,P<0.05. Compared with the normal albuminuria group, levels of these inflammatory cytokines were significantly higher in the microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria group,P<0.01. The macroalbuminuria group also showed higher levels than the microalbuminuria group,P<0.01. Also they were positively correlated with UAE, SBP, DBP, LDL-C, and TC. We noted no significance correlated with course, TG, or HDL-C. Only TNF-α; was positively correlated with HbA1c. This study revealed the importance of these inflammatory cytokines in DN pathogenesis. Further studies are needed to fully establish the potential of these cytokines as additional biomarkers for the development of DN.

scholarly journals Ameliorating Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Underlying Mechanisms of Type 2 Diabetes

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Abroo Fatima Qazi ◽  
Din Muhammad Shaikh
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Aims: The current study investigated the effects of polyunsaturated Omega-3-fatty acids on underlying mechanism linked with diabetes in streptozocin induced type 2 diabetic Wistar rats. Study Design:  Experimental analytical Study. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at Isra University Hyderabad and Sindh Agricultural University, Tandojam between November 2016 and November 2018. Methodology: Seventy-five Wistar rats were assorted to five groups (15 rats per group): negative control group A and positive control group B and experimental groups C, D and E. Rats within group B,C,D, and E were injected with streptozocin (65 mg/kg body weight) to induce diabetes. Experimental groups C, D and E received Omega-3-fatty acid supplemented food in 0.3 g, 0.4 g and 0.5 g/kg bodyweight dosage for 12 weeks, respectively. Results: Omega-3-fatty acids treated rats showed significant decrease in blood glucose level and rise in serum insulin as compared to positive control group (p-value = 0.001). At the same time, they showed significantly increased expression of insulin gene along with transcription factors: PDX1 and NKX6.1 as compared to group A (p-value = 0.001). Conclusion: It is concluded that O3FAs reduces insulin resistance in Streptozocin-induced diabetic Wistar rats by modulating the transcription factors essential for insulin gene expression.

scholarly journals C-Reactive Protein and Cholesterol level In Male Type 2 Diabetic Patients.

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-119
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Male Type ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Elevated C-Reactive Protein (CRP) level in serum is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes ,this relationship is likely to be the cause it means elevated CRP leads to T2D in future . Our objective was to examine CRP in male Type 2 Diabetes(T2D) patients in different age ,we studied 120 male subjects divided to two groups according to their age. First group A age (31 - 40) year old ,60 person )30 control & 30 T2D patients(,3 person for each same age: second group B age (41 – 50) years old ,60 person )30 control & 30 T2D patients(,3 person for each same age. We examined blood sugar ,cholesterol and CRP in each group. and we toke the mean of samples in the same age in each data in all the 4 groups. Our data shows that CRP raised significantly P?0.05 in group A(T2D) and in group B(T2D) comparing with control group of each .And cholesterol levels, and sugar levels raised significantly P?0.05 in group A(T2D) and in group B(T2D) comparing with control group of each. CRP ,Cholesterol and sugar are higher in group B(T2D) than in group A(T2D),and in group B (control) than in group A (control). CRP level can predict diabetes but not causal, diabetes may cause a kind of inflammation (showed by high CRP) by its effect on body and this effect (inflammation) may cause rising CRP level.

Salivary Testosterone Levels in Male Adolescents With Cystic Fibrosis

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-363
Author(s):  
Steven R. Boas ◽  
Deborah A. Cleary ◽  
Peter A. Lee ◽  
David M. Orenstein
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Tanner Stage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Salivary Testosterone ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Group A

Purpose. Salivary testosterone concentrations have been used for monitoring testosterone levels in male adolescents and have been found to correlate closely with serum values. Data are lacking on such measurements in male adolescents with cystic fibrosis (CF), in which salivary gland abnormalities are commonly seen. Delayed sexual maturation occurs in many patients with CF, particularly those with severe disease. We examined the usefulness of salivary testosterone collection and measurement in male adolescents with CF. Methods. Forty boys with CF and 35 healthy control boys participated in the study. All boys were Tanner staged and had serum and salivary testosterone concentrations measured. Testosterone assays were performed using standard radioimmunoassay techniques. Results. The boys with CF were slightly older, lighter in body weight, and shorter. Serum and salivary testosterone concentrations were lower in the CF group than in the control group. A significant correlation was found between serum and salivary testosterone levels for boys with CF (r = .84) and for the control boys (r .86). Mean salivary testosterone increased as age progressed and as Tanner stage advanced. Conclusions. These results demonstrate that salivary testosterone measurements correlate well with serum values in male adolescents with CF and can be used in the monitoring of pubertal status.

A combination herbal medicine in the treatment of children with recurrent tonsillopharyngitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 16-24
Author(s):  
I.A. Dronov ◽  
◽  
N.A. Geppe ◽  
N.G. Kolosova ◽  
M.D. Velikoretskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Symptomatic Therapy ◽  
Group A ◽  
Initiation Of Therapy ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Antibiotic Courses

Acute tonsillopharyngitis (ATP) is an acute inflammation of the oropharyngeal mucosa and lymphatic structures usually caused by viruses and less frequently by bacteria, primarily group A beta-hemolytic streptococci (GABHS). Children often have recurrent ATP with 3 or more episodes per year. Objective. In this randomized clinical trial, we evaluated the efficacy of Tonsilgon® N, a combination herbal medicine with the immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects, in the treatment of children with recurrent ATP. Patients and methods. Seventy-two children aged between 3 and 12 years with recurrent ATP were randomized into two equal groups: children in the experimental group received symptomatic therapy and Tonsilgon® N (oral drops for 14 days), whereas children in the control group received symptomatic therapy alone. Patients with ATP caused by GABHS (n = 13) additionally received an antibiotic. Disease manifestations (overall patient condition, fever, sore throat, pharyngoscopy findings, and lymph node reaction) were evaluated using a scoring system before the initiation of therapy and then after 3, 10, and 30 days. All patients were followed up for 6 months. Results. Seventy-one children were included into the final analysis (one patient from the experimental group was excluded due to an allergic reaction). Initially, there were no significant differences between the two groups. Treatment ensured positive dynamics in both groups; however, 10 days after therapy initiation, the score in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group (p = 0.02). Follow-up demonstrated that patients in the experimental group were less likely to develop recurrent ATP (p = 0.013), had fewer ATP relapses (p = 0.003) and antibiotic courses (p = 0.01) compared to controls. Conclusion. The use of Tonsilgon® N in children with recurrent ATP increases treatment efficacy, reduces the number of relapses, and the need for antibiotics. Key words: children, acute tonsillopharyngitis, recurrent respiratory infections, herbal therapy, Tonsilgon® N

scholarly journals Neurodegeneration of retina in patiens with type 2 diadetes mellitus

2020 ◽  
pp. 62-64
Author(s):  
M. P. Ruchkin ◽  
E. R. Kuvshinova ◽  
G. A. Fedyashev ◽  
E. V. Markelova
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A

Objective: To detect early morphological and functional signs of neurodegeneration of the retina in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) without signs of diabetic retinopathy (DR), to determine the presence and nature of the relationship between the studied parameters.Methods: The study included 30 patients with type 2 DM without DR (main group) and 30 healthy individuals (control group). Optical coherence tomography and microperimetry were performed.Results: In the main group, a significant decrease in the average photosensitivity of the retina and a decrease in its photosensitivity in the fovea and in the upper, lower, and temporal quadrants of parafovea were revealed. A significant difference between the groups was also recorded in the thickness of the inner layers of the retina in the temporal quadrant of parafovea. There was also a significant difference in the volume of focal loss of retinal ganglion cells.Conclusions: Neurodegenerative and related functional changes in the retina were revealed in patients with type 2 DM without signs of DR. Retinal neurodegeneration is one of the reasons for the deterioration of visual function in patients with DM and can aggravate the prognosis of the disease. Optical coherence tomography and microperimetry can be used for early diagnosis and monitoring of this process. 

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