Suicide and Suicide Attempts in Adolescents and Young Adults

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 322-324
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young People ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Adolescent Boys ◽  
Socioeconomic Groups ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Past

Suicide is the third leading cause of death during adolescence and the second leading cause in young adults. It is preceded in frequency only by accidental deaths and homicide. Recent statistics indicate that the number of adolescent suicides has increased dramatically in the past decade, resulting in more than 5,000 deaths annually for youths between 15 and 24 years of age. For adolescents 15 to 19 years of age, suicide rates have actually tripled in the years between 1960 to 1980.1 Among children and younger teenagers between ages 5 and 14 years, suicides increased from 205 deaths in 1983 to 232 in 1984.2 As distressing as these data are, they may represent underreporting. Furthermore, many experts believe that numerous "accidental" deaths are actually suicides.3 Suicide affects young people from all races and socioeconomic groups. For every suicide completed, between 50 and 200 are attempted. Adolescent boys succeed in killing themselves more often than girls, although adolescent girls make more nonfatal attempts. This difference appears to be related, in part, to the methods favored by each sex. Boys are more likely to complete suicide because they use more lethal methods, such as firearms or hanging. These methods leave little chance for rescue. In contrast, adolescent girls more commonly attempt suicide by ingesting pills. Recently, however, there has been a trend toward the use of more lethal methods among girls. "Cluster suicide" has also emerged in recent years. This phenomenon refers to the occurrence of multiple suicides during a short perioed of time in the same geographic location.4

Teenage Suicide

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 144-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael I. Cohen ◽  
George Bright ◽  
Frank Dudenhoeffer ◽  
Andrew Guthrie ◽  
Sherrell Hammar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Adolescent Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
Socioeconomic Groups ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cry For Help ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Teenage Suicide

Suicide is the fourth leading cause of death during the teenage years, preceded in frequency only by trauma, malignancy, and homicide.1 Recent statistics indicate that the number of suicides in adolescents has risen dramatically in the past decade, resulting in approximately 5,000 deaths per year. For youths 15 to 19 years old, the figures have actually doubled from 1968 to 1976; 11 boys per 100,000 in the population are now dying by suicide each year.2 Even among adolescents 10 to 14 years old, the trend is increasing and went from 116 to 158 deaths per year between 1968 and 1976. As distressing as these data appear, it is more alarming to realize that suicides are notoriously under-reported. Suicide affects youngsters from all races and socioeconomic groups. For every suicide completed, between 50 and 200 are attempted. Boys succeed in their suicide attempts more frequently than girls, mainly because they use more lethal methods, such as firearms or hanging. Girls generally attempt suicide by ingesting pills and are more frequently resuscitated. The pediatrician can provide a significant resource in preventing adolescent suicide by identifying youngsters at high risk and recognizing behavioral clues in youngsters contemplating suicide. CLINICAL PRESENTATIONS OF ADOLESCENTS CONTEMPLATING SUICIDE Youngsters planning suicide frequently provide behavioral clues to their intent, such as giving away prized possessions or writing notes or poems expressing death themes. If the pediatrician suspects that a teenager is contemplating suicide, he should ask the adolescent directly about suicidal thoughts. Inquiring about suicide does not cause suicide! Quite the contrary, the adolescent may be relieved that someone has heard his cry for help.

From learning to labour to custody for the precariat

Ethnography ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 531-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ove Sernhede
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Young People ◽  
Crucial Importance ◽  
Compulsory School ◽  
High Rise ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Large Groups

The globally reported riots in the poor high-rise suburbs of Sweden’s metropolitan districts in 2013 were stark manifestations of the increased social and economic inequality of the past 30 years. Large groups of young adults acted out their unarticulated claims for social justice. In the light of the riots, it is relevant to ask whether any trace of resistance or protest can be found in the compulsory school where the young people from these neighbourhoods spend their days. The ethnography sampled for the article comes from two public schools in two poor, multi-ethnic, high-rise neighbourhoods on the outskirts of Gothenburg. The article argues that the theoretical and methodological concepts and perspectives developed by Willis still is of crucial importance to any investigation aimed at understanding the presence or absence of resistance in contemporary Swedish schools.

Sex Differences in Indicators of Well-Being in Adolescents

2000 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 531-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harriett Light
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Risk Behavior ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Youth Risk Behavior Survey ◽  
Adolescent Boys ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
The Past ◽  
Survey Finding

The 1999 Youth Risk Behavior Survey, administered to 964 females and 852 males in randomly selected high schools in a midwestern state, indicated significantly greater negative indicators of mental and physical well-being for adolescent girls than adolescent boys. Results of the 1997 survey finding that significantly more adolescent girls reported engaging in several high risk sexual and drug behaviors such as having their first drink of alcohol at an earlier age, driving a vehicle in the past 30 days when they had been drinking, smoking at an earlier age, smoking more cigarettes per day, and using over-the-counter drugs to get high more often, were supported and enlarged.

scholarly journals YOUNG ADULTS' PROBLEMS REFLECTED IN CONTEMPORARY LITERATURE

2019 ◽  
pp. 33-39
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young People ◽  
American Literature ◽  
Contemporary Literature ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
20Th Century Literature ◽  
Contemporary American Literature ◽  
Research Issues ◽  
Community Impact ◽  
The Past

The problems of young people attract the scholars of different spheres, and literature in particular. Young people were depicted under the influence of psychological, social and economic situations. The 20th century literature pays more attention to the psychological aspects of young people’s development. In previous studies on young adults’ literature, different social aspects have been found to be related to the development of young people’s psyche. However, not enough attention has been paid to an individual as the part of the whole social strata. Early examples of research into young adults’ literature include Ya. N. Zasurskiy, A.S. Mulyarchik, T. Morozova. Only in the past 50 years of studies literature directly addressed the problem, on how an individual represents the whole society. The article investigates some essential youth problems at the turn of 20-21st centuries reflected in contemporary American literature. The article highlights some important research issues conducted in this field as well as the literary works which need to be studied. The issues like teenagers’ behavior at school, their relationships inside their families,community impact on teenagers’ world vision are reflected. In addition, the impacts of socially abandoned people, who united into groups and developed a subculture, on young people’s lives are shown.

scholarly journals Niedom. Przekraczenie idei domu rodzinnego w mieszkaniu migracyjnym

2014 ◽  
pp. 541-665
Author(s):  
Magdalena Łukasiuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
History Teaching ◽  
Memory Space ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
Historical Education ◽  
The Individual

How is the memory of the Holocaust and Auschwitz seen today among young Poles and Germans, is it different from that of the past? What are the differences in the memory space and education about the Holocaust between the two countries, and what do they have in common? The article is based on three pillars, and what served as foundations for them was a survey conducted with Polish and German youth in late April and May 2013, immediately after their visit to the Auschwitz-Birkenau. The first part concerns the individual and family memory of young people from Poland and Germany, who came to the Memorial and Museum of Auschwitz-Birkenau (MMA-B); there are also issues related to the intergenerational transmission of war fate of the relatives. The second pillar takes on teaching about the Holocaust at school and the evaluation of historical education from the student’s point of view. There are presented the opinions of many historians, teachers and educators struggling with the effects of the reform of history teaching. The third and most extensive part of the article presents the issues related to historical education in the memorial site and young people confronting their past experience, knowledge, notions with the authenticity of MMA-B. Fundamental questions has been raised about the sense of maintaining authenticity of the memorial site and the reason that makes the memory of the Holocaust such an important task for future generations.

scholarly journals Young adult perceptions of JUUL and other pod electronic cigarette devices in California: a qualitative study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. e026306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Keamy-Minor ◽  
Julia McQuoid ◽  
Pamela M Ling
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young People ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
The Past ◽  
Qualitative Interview Study ◽  
The Us ◽  
Psychoactive Effects

ObjectiveElectronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) which utilise prefilled‘pods’(pod devices) entered the US market in 2015. One brand, JUUL, captured more than half the e-cigarette market in early 2018, and the US Food and Drug Administration recently warned its manufacturer about adolescent uptake. This is the first qualitative study to describe distinct features of pod devices that appear to contribute to their popularity among young people.DesignQualitative interview study of young adults who had used pod devices. Participants were recruited from Facebook, other social media, street recruitment and via snowball sampling.SettingParticipants were from California, with most from the San Francisco Bay Area.ParticipantsYoung adults (aged 18–29 years) using multiple tobacco products (cigarettes, e-cigarettes and/or smokeless tobacco) were recruited. Of the sample of 60 participants, 24 were included in this analysis: 10 who reported experience with pod devices and 14 who used other non-pod e-cigarette devices.ResultsTen participants had used a pod device in the past year. Of the pod device users, seven still used a pod device at the time of the interview and five did so daily. Nearly all (n=9) pod device users smoked cigarettes in the past month; none were daily smokers. The 14 participants who used non-pod devices provided a point of comparison. Participants highlighted some distinct aspects of pod devices that facilitated use, including their aesthetic similarity to personal electronics, high levels of nicotine delivery with distinct psychoactive effects, more discreet and shorter duration use sessions, and greater social acceptability than more ostentatious non-pod e-cigarettes.ConclusionsPod devices’ unique characteristics likely encourage pod device uptake among young people. Limitations on advertising in youth channels, flavours and distribution, and education about nicotine addiction may decrease initiation among young people and non-smokers.

scholarly journals Suicide attempts and non-suicidal self-harm: national prevalence study of young adults

BJPsych Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 142-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rory C. O'Connor ◽  
Karen Wetherall ◽  
Seonaid Cleare ◽  
Sarah Eschle ◽  
Julie Drummond ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young People ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Prevalence Studies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
National Prevalence

BackgroundThere are few prevalence studies of suicide attempts and non-suicidal self-harm (NSSH).AimsWe aimed to estimate the prevalence of thoughts of NSSH, suicidal thoughts, NSSH and suicide attempts among 18- to 34-year-olds in Scotland.MethodWe interviewed a representative sample of young adults from across Scotland.ResultsWe interviewed 3508 young people; 11.3 and 16.2% reported a lifetime history of suicide attempts and NSSH, respectively. The first episode of NSSH tended to precede the first suicide attempt by about 2 years. Age at onset of NSSH and suicide attempt was younger in females. Earlier age at onset was associated with more frequent NSSH/suicide attempts. Women are significantly more likely to report NSSH and suicide attempts compared with men.ConclusionsOne in nine young people has attempted suicide and one in six has engaged in NSSH. Clinicians should be vigilant, as suicide attempts and NSSH are relatively common.Declaration of interestNone.

The association between economic inactivity and mental health among young people: a longitudinal study of young adults who are not in employment, education or training

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Power ◽  
M. Clarke ◽  
I. Kelleher ◽  
H. Coughlan ◽  
F. Lynch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Young People ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Increased Risk

ObjectivesIncreasing rates of young people not in education, employment or training (NEETs) are a cause of concern both in Ireland and internationally, but little longitudinal research has examined the link between psychiatric disorder in young people and NEET status.MethodsThe Challenging Times (CT) Study is a longitudinal, population-based study of psychopathology among 212 young Irish people. Clinical interviews were performed at two time points: 12–15 years and 19–24 years.ResultsNEET status in young adulthood was associated with a sevenfold increased risk of current suicidal ideation. This result was independent of prior adolescent mental disorder. NEET young people had a fourfold increased odds of being diagnosed with a mental disorder in childhood or early adolescence compared with their economically active peers. NEET young people were at an almost threefold increased risk of any mental health disorder a twofold increased risk of anxiety disorder and threefold increased odds of suicide attempts over their lifetime compared with economically active peers.ConclusionsNEET young people are at increased risk for mental disorder and suicidal ideation. The association is bidirectional, as prior mental disorder in adolescence appeared to account for much of the association between NEET status and current mental health problems. However, economic inactivity conveys an increased risk for suicidal ideation over and above that due to prior disorder. Our findings provide a compelling economic and societal argument for early intervention and treatment of mental disorder and the importance of vocational interventions for reducing suicide risk in young adults.

Going Beyond the Plateau: Ministry to Young Catholic Adults in the Third Millennium

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-93
Author(s):  
Richard Rymarz
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young People ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
Religious Involvement ◽  
New Evangelization ◽  
The Third ◽  
Pastoral Response ◽  
Third Millennium ◽  
Youth And Young Adults ◽  
Cultural Reality

This paper proceeds on the assumption that many Catholic youth and young adults reach, relatively early in life, a plateau of religious involvement and commitment. This plateau is characterized by, among other things, a loose religious affiliation but not an overt hostility to the tradition. In order to move beyond this plateau those who work with these young people need to develop a pastoral response that is sensitive to this cultural reality. A number of guiding factors and principles are suggested such as the difficulty of the task and the need to focus more on proactive proclamation. Many of these strategies are reflective of the need for a new evangelization.

Serious Suicide Attempts among Adolescents in Custody

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 474-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Lawlor ◽  
R. Kosky
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Royal Commission ◽  
Focused Attention ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Australian Community ◽  
Deaths In Custody

The Royal Commission into Aboriginal Deaths in Custody has focused attention on people who are held in custody in police cells, prisons, remand centres and detention centres. A series of research papers has been released by the Royal Commission which delineates some important aspects of the needs of these people. Nearly half of the deaths which occur in these custodial settings appear to be self-inflicted. Suicide seems to be particularly common among younger age groups of those in custody [1,2]. This pattern parallels suicide levels among young people in the Australian community generally, so that suicide is now a leading cause of death among young Australians [3,4].

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