Serious Suicide Attempts among Adolescents in Custody

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 474-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Lawlor ◽  
R. Kosky
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Royal Commission ◽  
Focused Attention ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Australian Community ◽  
Deaths In Custody

The Royal Commission into Aboriginal Deaths in Custody has focused attention on people who are held in custody in police cells, prisons, remand centres and detention centres. A series of research papers has been released by the Royal Commission which delineates some important aspects of the needs of these people. Nearly half of the deaths which occur in these custodial settings appear to be self-inflicted. Suicide seems to be particularly common among younger age groups of those in custody [1,2]. This pattern parallels suicide levels among young people in the Australian community generally, so that suicide is now a leading cause of death among young Australians [3,4].

scholarly journals STUDY OF ADOLESCENTS' AWARENESS OF THE EFFECTS OF SMOKING IN ORDER TO INCREASE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CANCER PREVENTION

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 46-52
Author(s):  
E. Zieliński ◽  
M. Zieliński ◽  
B. Motylewski ◽  
D. Skalski
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Young People ◽  
Cancer Prevention ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Health Security ◽  
Environmental Threats ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Age Range

In Poland and the world, cancer is a serious health problem. There are the second cause of death in total and the first cause of death before the age of 65 in Poland. The paper presents some research results concerning the understanding of the level of knowledge of adolescents about lung cancer. An attempt was made to answer the question: Do young people have basic knowledge about lung cancer? The following hypotheses were made: Students believe that they influ-ence whether they will develop lung cancer. Adolescents have a basic knowledge of lung cancer. The obtained results allowed for the formulation of conclusions. The main goal of the work is to find out about the level of knowledge of young people about lung cancer.To improve the situation of lung cancer in society, numerous social organizations and associations take part in social campaigns dedicated to all citizens, regardless of age and sex. Some postulates, the introduction of which could increase the health security of the state and eliminate some environmental threats, such as passive smoking, will be presented below. These postulates have the overarching goal of changing the model of lung cancer prevention and care in Poland. The changes should be comprehensive - from prevention (primary and secondary), through diagnostics and treatment, post-treatment care (including rehabilitation and psycho-oncological care), to observation aimed at detecting and treating complications of the disease and anti-cancer therapy as well as early detection of possible recurrence of the disease. Given that smoking is becoming a bad habit of the younger age group than the study, it would be worthwhile to expand the age range and conduct such research among children, for example, from the age of 7 years. At this age, children are more receptive to and aware of health hazards.

Suicide in Hong Kong

1985 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Lo ◽  
T. M. Leung
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Additional Data ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Sex Distribution ◽  
Completed Suicide ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Police Records ◽  
History Of ◽  
Few Data

Coroners' statistics indicated there were 684 suicides for the whole of Hong Kong in 1981. This gave a crude suicide rate of 18.1 per 100,000 population aged 15 years and over and constituted 2.7% of all deaths reported in that year. Only a few data were recorded in all coroners' files but additional data were obtained from police records on 168 of these suicides. The age and sex distribution among the suicides as well as the effect of marital and employment status on suicide rates were found to be similar to western countries. Jumping from a height was the most common method of suicide (47.2%) followed by hanging (30.8%). Psychiatric illness and chronic physical disability were two most important precipitating causes of suicide (39.8% and 35.7% respectively). Twenty per cent had a history of previous attempts with one-third occurring within six months of their completed suicide. Over 40% had communicated their suicide intention to others, while 19% left a note. ‘Psychiatric’ cases as a group had special features: there were more in the younger age groups, more with records of previous suicide attempts and more chose readily available methods.

scholarly journals Comparing identification of children and young people with a life limiting condition from cause of death with use of an ICD-10 coding framework applied to routine clinical data

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart Jarvis ◽  
Lorna Fraser
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Survival Times ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Underlying Cause Of Death ◽  
Birth Records ◽  
The Individual

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo compare methods of estimating prevalence of life limiting conditions (LLC) among children and young people (CYP) using (i) cause of death recorded on death certificates and (ii) diagnostic codes in routinely collected inpatient and birth records. ApproachCYP with a LLC were identified from NHS inpatient and birth records in Scotland from 1 April 2003 to 30 March 2014 using a LLC ICD-10 coding framework. The cohort was restricted to individuals who died in the study period. For each cohort member, the LLC coding framework was used to determine whether a diagnosis identified as a LLC was recorded as the underlying cause of death. For those without LLC as an underlying cause of death, the underlying cause was checked to determine whether it was related to LLC – either itself indicative of LLC when recorded on a death certificate or related to one or more of the LLCs identified in the individual’s inpatient and birth records. Finally, for those with underlying cause of death neither a LLC nor related to a LLC, the contributing causes of death were checked against the coding framework for LLC; where found, the individual was marked as having a LLC as a contributing cause of death. These analyses were undertaken for the whole cohort, per year, by age groups and by diagnostic categories. Results20436 CYP with a LLC were identified between 1 April 2009 and 31 March 2014, of which 2249 had died and had a death register record. Of these, 1291 (57%) had a LLC as underlying cause of death; 319 (14%) had an LLC-related underlying cause of death and 268 (12%) had LLC only among contributing causes of death. 371 (16%) had no indication of LLC in their death records. Recording of a LLC as underlying cause of death was lower (41%) amongst under 1 year olds and also varied widely by diagnostic group. ConclusionAround one in six of CYP identified using the coding framework as having a LLC (and almost one in five of under 1s) would not have been so identified using all causes of death in death records. More than a quarter (28%) would be missed if only underlying cause of death was used. This, combined with longer survival times, means use of death records has the potential to greatly underestimate prevalence of LLC in children and young people.

scholarly journals Aggression in adolescents: characteristics and treatment

2011 ◽  
Vol 139 (suppl. 1) ◽  
pp. 61-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radmila Ristic-Dimitrijevic ◽  
Dijana Lazic ◽  
Milutin Nenadovic ◽  
Katarina Djokic-Pjescic ◽  
Nikolaos Klidonas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Young People ◽  
Physical Aggression ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Verbal Aggression ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Frustration Tolerance ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Low Frustration Tolerance

Introduction. Vulnerability of young people and frustration of their basic biological, emotional, cognitive and social needs can induce a series of psycho-pathological manifestations, including aggression. Objective. Aim of this study is to examine the manifestations of aggressiveness in young people and to establish the difference between aggressive responses of two age groups; adolescents aged 16-19 years and older adolescents aged 20-26 years. Methods. The sample consists of 100 young people aged 16-19 years (46 adolescents) and 20-26 years (54 adolescents). For the purposes of this study, we have constructed a questionnaire in which we entered the data obtained on the basis of a standard psychiatric examination, auto- and hetero-anamnesis data, and data obtained using the standard battery of psychological tests. Results. Statistically significant association was found between verbal aggression and physical aggression (p=0.002), verbal aggression and suicide attempts (p=0.02), verbal aggression and substance abuse (p=0.009), verbal aggression and low frustration tolerance (LFT) (p=0.007), suicide attempt and LFT (p=0.052). The younger group was significantly more verbally aggressive compared to the older group (p=0.01). Conclusion. Verbal aggression, which was significantly associated with physical aggression, suicide attempts, substance abuse and LFT, indicates the need for timely interventions for the prevention of more serious and malignant forms of aggression.

scholarly journals A descriptive study of tobacco use in adults in an urban slum

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 3748
Author(s):  
George Koshy ◽  
Vandana Gangadharan ◽  
Varghese Koshy
Keyword(s):  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Urban Slum ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Younger Age

Background: Globally, nearly 5 million persons die every year from tobacco-related illnesses, with disproporti-onately higher mortality occurring in developing countries. Tobacco is used in a multitude of ways in India. By 2020 India would have the highest rate of rise in tobacco related deaths compared to all other countries. Tobacco use in India is increasing but there are considerable changes in the types and methods by which it is used. According to WHO estimates, 194 million men and 45 million women use tobacco in smoked or smokeless form in India. Tobacco use is the leading preventable cause of death in developed countries and is the second leading cause of death globally. The study was carried out to assess the practice of tobacco use among adults in urban slum. It tries to ascertain the prevalence of tobacco use in the community, identify the various forms of tobacco used. It is a questionnaire based cross sectional descriptive study. Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study using a close-ended, pre tested structured interview schedule was prepared and the investigator conducted the interviews personally at the respondent’s house who were above 18 years of age. Results: The prevalence of tobacco use in any form was found to be 38.78%, the most common age group being 30-44 yrs. Also seeing that initiation of tobacco use took place in the age group 20-29 yrs it highlights the need of starting anti-tobacco campaigns for a younger age group but not leaving out older age groups at the same time. Sex-wise distribution of tobacco use was observed to be 40.23% in males as compared to 36.17% in females. Conclusions: Control of this deadly epidemic requires a decisive, target oriented and a well motivated approach.  

Suicide and Suicide Attempts in Adolescents and Young Adults

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 322-324
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young People ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Adolescent Boys ◽  
Socioeconomic Groups ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Past

Suicide is the third leading cause of death during adolescence and the second leading cause in young adults. It is preceded in frequency only by accidental deaths and homicide. Recent statistics indicate that the number of adolescent suicides has increased dramatically in the past decade, resulting in more than 5,000 deaths annually for youths between 15 and 24 years of age. For adolescents 15 to 19 years of age, suicide rates have actually tripled in the years between 1960 to 1980.1 Among children and younger teenagers between ages 5 and 14 years, suicides increased from 205 deaths in 1983 to 232 in 1984.2 As distressing as these data are, they may represent underreporting. Furthermore, many experts believe that numerous "accidental" deaths are actually suicides.3 Suicide affects young people from all races and socioeconomic groups. For every suicide completed, between 50 and 200 are attempted. Adolescent boys succeed in killing themselves more often than girls, although adolescent girls make more nonfatal attempts. This difference appears to be related, in part, to the methods favored by each sex. Boys are more likely to complete suicide because they use more lethal methods, such as firearms or hanging. These methods leave little chance for rescue. In contrast, adolescent girls more commonly attempt suicide by ingesting pills. Recently, however, there has been a trend toward the use of more lethal methods among girls. "Cluster suicide" has also emerged in recent years. This phenomenon refers to the occurrence of multiple suicides during a short perioed of time in the same geographic location.4

scholarly journals CIVIL ENGAGEMENT OF YOUTH IN LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF GENERAL THEORY

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
E.I. Vasileva ◽  
◽  
T.E. Zerchaninovа ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Civic Engagement ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Generational Theory ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Financial Participation

In recent decades, there has been a clear tendency to reduce the participation of young people in political processes, which is manifested, inter alia, in the low turnout of young people in elections and a decrease in the number of young people who are members of a political party. This is especially acute at the local level, leading to a decrease in the participation of young people in resolving issues of the local community, and, as a consequence, a decrease in civic activity, the formation of protest behaviour. According to the theory of generations, this situation is typical and can be described by the generational cycle of N. Howe and W. Strauss "Rise - Awakening - Decay - Crisis". The aim of the research is to analyze the civic engagement of young people in the context of generational theory in the context of age groups. Most of the respondents consider their civic position active. The authors come to the conclusion that there are no significant differences in the civic engagement of different age groups of young people. A significant part of young people do not know about the activities of local government bodies and the directions of their work. In this regard, it is necessary to organise educational events and implement projects aimed at involving youth in the activities of local self-government bodies, for a more active participation of young people in the implementation of projects at the local level. Younger age groups of young people are more willing to organise various events aimed at meeting social needs, while older age groups either prefer to take part in such events or are limited to financial participation.

Suicidal behaviour in Indigenous compared to non-Indigenous males in urban and regional Australia: Prevalence data suggest disparities increase across age groups

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (12) ◽  
pp. 1240-1248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory Armstrong ◽  
Jane Pirkis ◽  
Kerry Arabena ◽  
Dianne Currier ◽  
Matthew J Spittal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
Male Health ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Regional Australia

Objectives: We compare the prevalence of suicidal thoughts and attempts between Indigenous and non-Indigenous males in urban and regional Australia, and examine the extent to which any disparity between Indigenous and non-Indigenous males varies across age groups. Methods: We used data from the baseline wave of The Australian Longitudinal Study on Male Health (Ten to Men), a large-scale cohort study of Australian males aged 10–55 years residing in urban and regional areas. Indigenous identification was determined through participants self-reporting as Aboriginal, Torres Strait Islander or both. The survey collected data on suicidal thoughts in the preceding 2 weeks and lifetime suicide attempts. Results: A total of 432 participants (2.7%) identified as Indigenous and 15,425 as non-Indigenous (97.3%). Indigenous males were twice as likely as non-Indigenous males to report recent suicidal thoughts (17.6% vs 9.4%; odds ratio = 2.1, p < 0.001) and more than three times as likely to report a suicide attempt in their lifetime (17.0% vs 5.1%; odds ratio = 3.6; p < 0.001). The prevalence of recent suicidal thoughts did not differ between Indigenous and non-Indigenous males in younger age groups, but a significant gap emerged among men aged 30–39 years and was largest among men aged 40–55 years. Similarly, the prevalence of lifetime suicide attempts did not differ between Indigenous and non-Indigenous males in the 14- to 17-years age group, but a disparity emerged in the 18- to 24-years age group and was even larger among males aged 25 years and older. Conclusion: Our paper presents unique data on suicidal thoughts and attempts among a broad age range of Indigenous and non-Indigenous males. The disparity in the prevalence of suicidal thoughts increased across age groups, which is in contrast to the large disparity between the Indigenous and non-Indigenous suicide rates in younger age groups.

scholarly journals Third Wave Treatments for Functional Somatic Syndromes and Health Anxiety Across the Age Span: A Narrative Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisbeth Frostholm ◽  
Charlotte Ulrikka Rask
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Third Wave ◽  
Randomised Trials ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Core Outcomes ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Determine Effect

Functional disorders (FD) are present across the age span and are commonly encountered in somatic health care. Psychological therapies have proven effective, but mostly the effects are slight to moderate. The advent of third wave cognitive behavioural therapies launched an opportunity to potentially improve treatments for FD.A narrative review of the literature on the application of mindfulness-based therapies (MBT) and Acceptance &amp; Commitment Therapy (ACT) in children and adult populations with FD.There were very few and mainly preliminary feasibility studies in children and adolescents. For adults there were relatively few trials of moderate to high methodological quality. Ten MBT randomised trials and 15 ACT randomised trials of which 8 were internet-delivered were identified for more detailed descriptive analysis. There was no evidence to suggest higher effects of third wave treatments as compared to CBT. For MBT, there seemed to be minor effects comparable to active control conditions. A few interventions combining second and third wave techniques found larger effects, but differences in outcomes, formats and dosage hamper comparability.Third wave treatments are getting established in treatment delivery and may contribute to existing treatments for FD. Future developments could further integrate second and third wave treatments across the age span. Elements unambiguously targeting specific illness beliefs and exposure should be included. The benefit of actively engaging close relatives in the treatment not only among younger age groups but also in adults, as well as the effect of more multimodal treatment programmes including active rehabilitation, needs to be further explored.The methodological quality of third wave interventions for FD should be improved, especially in younger age groups.The effect of ACT interventions may be comparable to CBT in adults with FD.The evidence for third wave interventions in young people with FD is still very limited.Newer studies combining second and third wave treatments show some promise.Agreement on, and for child populations further development of, core outcomes, could help determine effect across studies.The methodological quality of third wave interventions for FD should be improved, especially in younger age groups.The effect of ACT interventions may be comparable to CBT in adults with FD.The evidence for third wave interventions in young people with FD is still very limited.Newer studies combining second and third wave treatments show some promise.Agreement on, and for child populations further development of, core outcomes, could help determine effect across studies.

Recent Trends in Suicide Amongst the Young

1984 ◽  
Vol 144 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. G. McClure
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Suicide Rate ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Accidental Poisoning ◽  
Nineteen Fifties ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Substantial Rise

SummarySuicide is rare under 14 years but thereafter increases with increasing age, with males predominating. The suicide rate for 15–19 year olds in England and Wales has increased since the nineteen fifties for both males and females, with a recent substantial rise in males. There has also been an increase in the small number of female suicides aged 10–14 years between 1941–50 and 1971–80. In younger age groups there is a higher proportion of undetermined deaths compared with officially recorded suicides, and this category has recently increased disproportionately in the young. The number of deaths by poisoning with solids or liquids recorded as suicide, accidental poisoning or undetermined poisoning has increased markedly in young people, and the relationship between the three groups might repay investigation.

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