scholarly journals Formation of the Image of Russian State Security Agencies in the Public Consciousness: Symbolic Potential of Memorial Objects

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-401
Author(s):  
Alexey S. Bulygin ◽  
Mariya A. Stashneva
Keyword(s):  
Public Perception ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Public Mind ◽  
The Public ◽  
State Security ◽  
Special Services ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
Heads Of State

Introduction. The effectiveness of the work of law enforcement agencies largely depends on the support of population and the image of the agency in the public consciousness. Over the course of a century of the agency’s activities, the image of Russian special services and their leaders has been constantly transformed, that left its mark on the installation and demolition of monuments. The purpose of this article is to study the relationship between the public perception of the activities of Russian state security bodies and the image of their leaders, reflected, among other things, in memorial objects. Materials and Methods. The study is based on the principles of determinism, objectivity, historicism, consistency. The article uses an interdisciplinary approach that integrates the achievements of a number of humanities on the subject under study. The theoretical basis of the study was the issues of domestic and foreign philosophers, historians, political scientists. Important source groups were electronic media reports and opinion polls. For the interpretation of the latter, a method of secondary analysis of data from sociological studies was used. Results. The ambiguous attitude of various social forces to the activities of state security bodies finds its expression in the struggle for the existence of memorial objects in memory of their leaders. The most discussed historical figures in this context are Felix Dzerzhinsky, Lavrenti Beria and Yuri Andropov. In recent decades, there has been an increase in positive assessments of these statesmen in the public mind and scientific community. Nevertheless, the most significant initiatives in the field of commemoration of the activities of special services (in particular, the return of the Dzerzhinsky monument to Lubyanka Square) have not yet been implemented. Discussion and Conclusions. A public reminder about the heads of state security agencies stimulates a reassessment of historical events in the public mind and positively affects the image of the agency. The current moment seems to the authors favorable to perpetuate the achievements of security agencies.

scholarly journals Subculture of convicted as from criminal subculture: cultural and historical aspect

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 98-111
Author(s):  
Nastoiashcha U. V. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Regulatory Function ◽  
Structural Element ◽  
Historical Aspect ◽  
The Public ◽  
Psychological Reaction ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
General Continuum ◽  
Informal Structure

The purpose of the article is to distinguish the subculture of convicts and criminal subcultures as a known concept Methodology. The basis of this study is a theoretical analysis, synthesis, generalization, systematization of available scientific literature on the subject. Results. The theoretical analysis of scientific works on the basis of an interdisciplinary approach helped to distinguish the subculture of convicts and the criminal subculture in the context of their manifestations in the public consciousness. It is determined that the subculture of convicts develops on the basis of the criminal subculture, which performs a regulatory function in relation to convicts. The criteria of delimitation of subcultures are singled out, which gives each of them a separate place in the general continuum and concerns: attitude to social and legislative norms, places of formation and forms of manifestation, peculiarities of communication and self-presentations. It is proved that a clear distinction between the convicted subculture and the criminal subculture will provide a basis for the rehabilitation of convicts and the effectiveness of the penitentiary service in prison conditions. It was established that the subculture of convicts is a structural element of the criminal subculture with its own system of norms, values, traditions, customs that regulate the behavior of convicts in the informal structure of penitentiaries. Its emergence and existence in places of imprisonment causes a compensatory psychological reaction with a forced desire to adapt, ensure their safety, assert themselves in a community of their own kind, where inevitably formed a system of values, concepts, customs, regulating relations between individuals isolated from society. Practical implications. The subculture of convicts is created and manifested in places of imprisonment, is characterized by the preservation of norms, values, traditions, customs of the criminal subculture, provides for the formation of adaptive mechanisms for places of imprisonment with subsequent inclusion in the rehabilitation process. Value (originality). The clarity of the distinction between the subculture of convicts and the criminal subculture will create the basis for the deployment of prison rehabilitation processes and increase the efficiency of the penitentiary service. Key words: subculture (criminal, prison, convicts), penitentiary institutions, norms of behavior regulation.

scholarly journals National development projects of the country in the assessments of civil society

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 92-106
Author(s):  
Olga Novozhenina
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
National Development ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
The Public ◽  
Political Alienation ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

Significant socio-political contradictions have remained acute in our country today, which are a challenge to the sustainable development of Russian society. A strategy of state social policy based on national projects should become one of the tools to alleviate the severity of these contradictions. National goals and projects not only provide guidelines for economic development, but can also serve as a basis for consensus of interests of civil society and the state. The complex epidemiological situation, challenges and threats of a socio-political and foreign policy have intensified the socio-political alienation of the Russian state and civil society, pushed the problems of national projects in the information field into the background in 2021. The task of forming an attitude in the public consciousness to the need to solve the tasks set for both society and for each of the citizens remains. The article presents the data of the sociological monitoring "How are you, Russia?" according to the assessment of the importance of national projects for Russian citizens personally and for the whole society. It is shown that citizens in general assess the importance of national projects for society higher than for themselves, and in 2021 the level of assessments is lower than in 2020. In July 2021, two national projects were the most demanded both for themselves and for the Russian society as a whole: "Healthcare" and "Education". More than half of Russians also singled out the projects "Ecology", "Housing and urban environment" in terms of importance.

scholarly journals The Role of Media in Shaping Public Perception of Immigrants

Fluminensia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-167
Author(s):  
Željko Karabuva
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Political Debate ◽  
Conceptual Metaphors ◽  
Quantitative Research Methods ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Media

Immigration has become one of the most important topics in the political debate and the public media for the last decade. This study analyzes the patterns of words that the press uses to describe immigration and immigrants. We will focus on conceptual metaphors and their linguistic manifestations in the British, American and Croatian mainstream newspapers. This study attempts to gain an understanding of the strategic use of conceptual metaphors to construct and shape the context of the immigration discourse. The cognitive theory is outlined (see Lakoff & Johnson 1980, Kövecses 2002, Goatly 2007, Barcelona 2000, Croft et al. 2004) and applied to the immigration discourse as found in the public media (see Wodak 2015, van Dijk 2000, Cunningham-Parmeter 2012, Musolff 2015, Drulak 2006, etc.). The results of the analysis of a representative data of immigration metaphors show that a small set of 'conceptual frames' underlies the perception of immigrants. Several competing metaphors have been identified: immigrant=alien, migration=water, flood, immigration=movement/journey, etc. These metaphors are constantly repeated in different discourses that revolve around the concept of immigration. This study empirically attempts to identify how the media formulates its views about the migrants. In exploring the phenomenon of immigration we have used an interdisciplinary approach, combining qualitative and quantitative research methods, including socio-political and linguistic perspectives. The outcome of this research may provide the relevant source for future research to measure media’s role in shaping and defining public opinion about immigration issues.

scholarly journals The Death of Peter the Great: An Inevitable End or a Medical Error?

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey Morokhin
Keyword(s):  
Medical Error ◽  
Mineral Water ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Ruling Elite ◽  
Medical Department ◽  
Treatment Methods ◽  
The Public ◽  
Peter The Great ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Public Consciousness

The disease and death of the first Russian emperor have repeatedly attracted historians’ attention, but issues related to the treatment of Peter I have not been adequately reflected in historical studies. The source base of this work consists of published sources: testimonies of contemporaries, both Russians and foreigners, letters of Peter I to Empress Catherine, and unpublished materials kept in the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts (both official and private). These materials make it possible to largely reconstruct the treatment of Peter I carried out by I. L. Blumentrost, an archiater and court physician, and L. L. Blumentrost, his brother. The two brothers were supporters of treating the tsar, who had long suffered from “urine constipation”, with mineral water. To this end, they encouraged numerous royal trips to Olonets and Ugodsky Zavod. At the same time, as the head of the Medical Department, I. L. Blumentrost ignored the opinions of other doctors involved in the treatment of the tsar, such as those of the famous Moscow doctor N. Bidloo. Following the exacerbation of Peter I’s disease in the second half of January 1725, Blumentrost decided to involve a number of other doctors residing in St Petersburg and Moscow. However, they failed to save him. Some well-known European leading lights of medicine, such as Boerhave, indirectly acknowledged the fallacy of the treatment methods used by the Blumentrost brothers. The author concludes that in the public consciousness of a number of representatives of the Russian ruling elite, Peter I’s death was the Blumentrost brothers’ fault, which largely contributed to their disgrace in the early 1730s.

‘Obligatory and Preliminary Review of All Broadcasts Plans and Scripts.’ Running Commentary and Broadcasts on Celebratory Demonstration as a Means of Shaping Soviet Values in 1920s-1930s

2018 ◽  
pp. 406-422
Author(s):  
Elena V. Barysheva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Preliminary Review ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Ideological Influence ◽  
Political Consolidation ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Accessible Form

This article studies radio broadcasts of celebratory demonstrations of workers in 1920-30s as a form of ideological influence on the public consciousness. Audio-culture, as a most wide-reaching and accessible form of mass media, had a significant impact on the audience from 1918 to 1920-30s. Radio played an important role in the solution of ideological tasks, rendering figurative and verbal influence on the masses in the Soviet Union. Explaining and spreading the changes that took place in the life and the politics of the nation, the radio created a unified space of communication. Running commentary as a communication had its rules and limitations, which had developed in the first decades of the Soviet power. Discourse stereotypes had in due course resulted in emergence of a ritualistic form of reporting similar to demonstrations and parades themselves. The genre developing, many clich?s and hackneyed phrase appeared that were to impress propaganda slogans and appeals on the listeners and to inspire emotions. Now these slogans were accessible to everyone, as reproducers were installed in the streets of cities and villages and pervaded communal flats. Event reporting intensified the emotional state of the audience, giving an impression of true popular enthusiasm. In radio reports from official festive events, message of the power inducing socio-political consolidation of the society was obvious. The research analyzes drafts of a radio program script on festive demonstration of November 7, 1939 stored in the Russian State Archive of Literature and Art (Yu. K. Olesha fond). The writer’s notes indicate that the preliminary censorship and self-censorship did not allow for improvisation.

scholarly journals A school at mosque in the structure of muslim religious education: status and evaluation

2021 ◽  
pp. 910-927
Author(s):  
Rashid O. Ramazanov ◽  
Jamaludin M. Malamagomedov ◽  
Madina K. Nagieva ◽  
Ruslan M. Umakhanov ◽  
Shamil Sh. Shamkhalov
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Religious Education ◽  
Opportunity To Learn ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Islamic Revival ◽  
The Public ◽  
Religious Intolerance ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Education Status ◽  
Public Consciousness

The Islamic revival naturally raised the issue of Muslim education in the post-Soviet space. The growth and strengthening of the ideology of radical Islamism in the public consciousness, the designation of the dominance of adherence to religious precepts in everyday life as opposed to secular laws, destructive actions under the slogan of protecting the "purity" of the faith necessitated the dissemination of religious knowledge that would not threaten the secular foundations of the Russian state. Therefore, the development of Muslim religious education in the territories of the historical spread of Islam acquired special significance, for it was intended to give those wishing to receive religious education such knowledge that would not preach inter-religious intolerance and would not spread radical ideas in Russian society. Empirical data indicate that the surveyed population positively assesses the quality of education in the mosque school, arguing that they receive good knowledge of the basics of Islam, have the opportunity to learn how to read the sacred text, as well as certain ritual actions that are quite significant for the respondents in their everyday life. As a secular education, religious education also has disadvantages, and to improve the state of Islamic education, according to the interviewed experts, it is necessary to hold national conferences, round tables, which will discuss issues of teacher training, to organize training courses of teachers of maktabs, ensure a school at the mosque unified educational and methodical literature.

scholarly journals INFORMATION SECURITY: TO THE PROBLEM OF PLACE AND ROLE IN THE NATIONAL SECURITY SYSTEM

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (51) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Chalapko
Keyword(s):  
Information Security ◽  
National Security ◽  
Security System ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
The Public ◽  
State Security ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Optimal Functioning ◽  
Public Consciousness

The article substantiates that the information impact carried out using the technologies of control and manipulation of public consciousness causes dysfunctional processes that impede the optimal functioning of state institutions. The main object of protection in this case is the public consciousness. It is noted that the specifics of information security allows it to cover all types of security: economic, socio-political, military and environmental, therefore its provision is a priority in the process of solving national security problems. The conditions for ensuring the main types of state security depend on ensuring information security at the present stage of development of society.

“We Rule from the Great Rurik...”: on the Issue of the Formation of the Common Spiritual and Political Axiological Complex “Russian Land – Russian State – Russian Realm”

2021 ◽  
Vol 35.5 ◽  
pp. 245-262
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Perevezentsev ◽  
Olga E. Puchnina ◽  
Alexander B. Strakhov ◽  
Adelina A. Shakirova
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual History ◽  
Political Identity ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Values ◽  
The Public ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
The Common ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
God's Grace

The article is devoted to the study of Russian traditional basic values. On the basis of the traditionalist-conservative approach, the authors examine the origin and development of the complex of spiritual and political values and ideals specific to the national intellectual history. In particular, the genesis of the concept of «state» is considered as one of the key ones for the study of traditional Russian spiritual and political values. The authors reconstruct the logic of the development and historical transformation of the idea of «Land-State-Realm» in the public consciousness of Russian people. On the basis of the political-textual and content analysis of a large number of sources on the national intellectual history, the definition of the state as a complicated axiological complex is proposed. The authors arrive at the conclusion that throughout the entire national history the value of the state was determined not only by political reasons of the need for unity, strength and independence, but also by spiritual and moral ones -since «Holy Russia» was the only country in the world where God's grace existed and concentrated. The authors emphasize that the recognition of the state as one of the most important spiritual and moral values is a specific feature of Russian civilization, which is fundamentally important for the formation of a unique political identity and the awareness of the meaning of one's own being.

scholarly journals Tolerance and Communicative Dialogue Taking into Account Legal Norms as Components of the Formation of Communicative and Legal Culture in the Perspective of Sociological Science

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-229
Author(s):  
Oksana O. Ayvazyan
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Legal Culture ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
The Public ◽  
Legal Documents ◽  
The Social ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Interethnic Interaction

The article deals with the features of tolerance and communication in the social and legal field as determinant of the formation of communicative and legal culture. The article analyzes scientific treatises aimed at studying the essence, meaning, and functioning of tolerance (indulgence), as well as interaction with communication and law, among which are noted the works of T.I. Afasizhev, D.S. Batarchuk, M.M. Bakhtin, R.R. Valitova, R.G. Darendorff, A.A. Kukushkina, V.A. Lectorsky, A.S. Lucius, A.M. Shchukin, N.G. Yurovskikh. Analysis of various concepts allowed us to note that every individual, government and society should contribute to the conscious striving of man to grasp the basics of tolerance in conjunction with the law and rules of communication, and this is possible in accordance with principles including freedom of choice, moral ideals and independence, based on a highly cultured moral and ethical values of society, leading subsequently to positive communicative and legal culture. The article also presents the results of a secondary analysis of various studies on the phenomenon of tolerance and the mechanism of its functioning. In addition, the basics of tolerance in legal documents, including the Declaration of principles of tolerance, adopted by UNESCO on November 16, 1995, are being studied. In conclusion, the summaries on the significance of the studied problem are presented. The reason for this is that since ancient times, intercultural and interethnic interaction was built on the system of "strong suppresses the weak", i.e. there was no place for humanistic dialogue, which emphasizes tolerance in the public consciousness. In this regard, the rules of law and rules of communication are presented as a means aimed at conflict-free coexistence of society. Such measures encourage a person to communicate with representatives of a different culture, traditions and norms without any prejudices, without judging people by their beliefs and commitment, and this also leads to mutual agreement without infringing on their interests. And in the future, it forms the communicative and legal culture of the individual.

The Specific Features of Public Relations Maintained by Libraries, Acting as Cultural Institutions

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-152
Author(s):  
Radosław Molenda
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Cultural Institutions ◽  
Negative Stereotypes ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
Significant Question

Showing the specificity of the work of the contemporary library, and the variety of its tasks, which go far beyond the lending of books. The specificity of the library’s public relations concerning different aspects of its activity. The internal and external functions of the library’s public relations and their specificity. The significant question of motivating the social environment to use the offer of libraries, and simulta-neously the need to change the negative perception of the library, which discourages part of its poten-tial users from taking advantage of its services. The negative stereotypes of librarians’ work perpetuated in the public consciousness and their harmful character. The need to change the public relations of libra-ries and librarians with a view to improving the realization of the tasks they face. Showing the public relations tools which may serve to change the image of librarians and libraries with particular emphasis on social media. This article is a review article, highlighting selected research on the librarian’s stereo-type and suggesting actions that change the image of librarians and libraries.

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