scholarly journals Association between handwashing practices and quality of toilets with diarrhea among under-five years children

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Yesvi Zulfiana ◽  
Luh Seri Ani ◽  
Ni Wayan Arya Utami

Background and purpose: The incidence of diarrhea among under-five years children in Indonesia is considerably high. Studies exploring risk factors of diarrhea have been extensively conducted in Indonesia. However, the association between handwashing practices of the mother and quality of toilets with diarrhea among under-five years children are still inconsistent across studies. This study aims to examine the association between handwashing practices of the mother, quality of toilets and the episodes of diarrhea among under-five years children.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted involving 104 under-five years children in Selagalas Village. Samples were selected using systematic random sampling. Data were collected in July 2017 by observation and face-to-face interviews using questionnaires. Bivariate analysis and logistic regression were conducted to examine the association between hand washing practices, quality of toilets and diarrhea among under-five years children.Results: We found more than half of under-five years children (64.42%) had experienced at least one episode of diarrhea over the last three months. We found a significant association between diarrhea with unhygienic toilets with an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of 2.84 and poor hand washing practices of the mother with AOR of 2.46, however, both have a lower limit of AOR confidence interval that close to one, namely 95%CI: 1.05-5.97 and 95%CI: 1.03-5.87.Conclusion: Poor hand washing practices and unhygienic toilets are associated with the episodes of diarrhea among under-five years children, however, both have a low programmatic importance. Further study should be carried out to understand the association between hand washing practices and quality of toilets with diarrhea. Despite of the low programmatic importance, good hand washing practice should be promoted and access to toilets that meet the health standard must be enhanced.

Author(s):  
Serife Didem Kaya ◽  
Namaitijiang Maimaiti ◽  
Huseyin Gorkemli

Background: Patient’s satisfaction is of fundamental importance as a measure of the quality of health care. Aim of the study is to assess satisfaction with services was obtained from patients who were seen in obstetrics and gynaecology clinics, a university hospital in Konya, Turkey.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted using questionnaires among patients attending obstetrics and gynaecology clinics a university hospital in Konya. The data were collected prospectively between 2nd May and 8th July 2016. Those who agreed to participate were asked to complete a set of questionnaires immediately or face to face interview was carried out if the patient was illiterate. The study instrument was a questionnaire which comprised of two parts. The first part related to respondent’s socio-demographic background and second part on patient satisfaction questions.Results: Half of the respondents (53.3%) visited obstetrics unit and 46.7% of them visited gynaecology clinics unit. 165 (52.1%) appointments were first attendance and others (47.9) follow-up visits. The average patient satisfaction was 74.5% in this study.Conclusions: Generally, the patients were satisfied with services of gynecology and obstetrics clinics. Majority of the patients were satisfied with clinic facility, staff’s professionalism, healthcare provider’s attitude and quality of medical care.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
sarah idriss ◽  
walaa alasaadi ◽  
abdullah Aldhuhayyan ◽  
Ahmed alenzi ◽  
Reem alharbi ◽  
...  

BACKGROUND The use of communication technologies to deliver health care remotely is known as telemedicine. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic had a variety of consequences for health-care delivery in 2020. As a result, it was necessary to adapt and deliver high-quality care to patients while limiting possible viral exposure for both patients and health-care workers. During the pandemic, physicians employed video visits, phone visits, and electronic written visits (e-consultations), all of which have the ability to provide a comparable quality of care while removing social barriers. OBJECTIVE The study’s aim is to assess physicians’ perspectives and attitudes concerning the usage of telemedicine in Riyadh hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic. The main domains of the assessment are physicians’ overall experience with telemedicine use before and during COVID-19, future adaptability to using telemedicine, perceptions about patients’ experience, and the influence of telemedicine on burnout. METHODS Methods: An anonymous 28-question cross-sectional survey was developed using SurveyMonkey and distributed to all physicians from all specialty disciplines across Riyadh city hospitals. RESULTS A total of 362 doctors were included in the study. Among them, 28.7% were consultants, 30.4% were specialists, and 40.9% were residents. Male doctors formed the majority (56.1%). When asked about the frequency of using telemedicine, 41.4% answered “frequently,” 26% responded “occasionally,” and 32.6% said “never.” Thirty one percent of doctors agreed and somewhat agreed that the “quality of care during telemedicine is comparable with face-to-face visits.” About 55% doctors believed that telemedicine consultation is a cost-effective way, compared to face-to-face visits. Most of the doctors were skilled (70%) at telemedicine, and they were also able to solve technology issues during telemedicine visits (54%). Overall, the physicians felt that their patients liked telemedicine: 68% said they felt comfortable using telemedicine and 76% said theyfound that it saved time. As per the burnout question, 4.1% of doctors felt burnout every day, 7.5% felt burnout a few times a week, and 27.3% felt burnout a few times per month. CONCLUSIONS Physicians had a generally favorable attitude toward telemedicine, believing that the quality of health-care delivery using it was comparable to that of in-person care. Future research is needed to investigate how physicians’ attitudes toward telemedicine have changed since the pandemic, as well as how this virtual technology might be used to improve their professional and personal well-being.


Author(s):  
Yurike Kuewa ◽  
Herawati ◽  
Marselina Sattu ◽  
Anang S. Otoluwa ◽  
Erni Yusnita Lalusu ◽  
...  

Stunting merupakan sebuah masalah kesehatan dimana seorang bayi atau anak-anak mengalami hambatan dalam pertumbuhan tubuhnya, sehingga gagal memiliki tinggi yang ideal pada usianya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melihat hubungan sumber air minum, kepemilikan jamban, sarana pembuangan air limbah dan kepemilikan tempat sampah dengan kejadian stunting di Desa Jayabakti wilayah kerja Puskesmas Pagimana Tahun 2021.Jenis penelitian ini adalah Observasional analitik  dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional serta Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan yaitu simple random sampling. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah ibu balita sebanyak 156 responden  Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis bivariat menggunakan uji Chi Squaree. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan antara sumber air minum, kepemilikan jamban, dan kepemilikan SPAL dengan kejadian stunting di Desa Jayabakti dengan nilai p value > 0,05. Sedangkan hasil analisis tabulasi kepemilikan tempat sampah di peroleh hasil p value = 0,006 (<0,05), dengan demikian terdapat hubungan antara kepemilikan tempat sampah dengan kejadian stunting. Sanitasi lingkungan secara tidak langsung mempengaruhi gizi balita. Sanitasi yang buruk dapat menimbulkan penyakit infeksi pada balita seperti diare dan kecacingan yang dapat menganggu proses pencernaan dalam proses penyerapan nutrisi, jika kondisi ini terjadi dalam waktu yang lama dapat mengakibatkan masalah stunting. Stunting is a health problem in which a baby or child experiences obstacles in their body growth, so they fail to have the ideal height for their age. The purpose of this study was to see the relationship between drinking water sources, latrine ownership, waste water disposal facilities and ownership of trash bins with stunting in Jayabakti Village, Pagimana Health Center working area in 2021. namely simple random sampling. The sample in this study were mothers of children under five as many as 156 respondents. The data analysis used was bivariate analysis using the Chi Squaree test. The results showed that there was no relationship between drinking water sources, latrine ownership, and SPAL ownership with stunting in Jayabakti Village with p value > 0.05. While the results of the tabulation analysis of the ownership of the trash can obtained the results of p value = 0.006 (<0.05), thus there is a relationship between the ownership of the trash can and the incidence of stunting. Environmental sanitation indirectly affects the nutrition of children under five. Poor sanitation can cause infectious diseases in toddlers such as diarrhea and worms which can interfere with the digestive process in the process of absorption of nutrients, if this condition occurs for a long time it can cause stunting problems.


2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 23e1-23e12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Muñoz-Pino ◽  
Anderson E. Tibaná-Guisao ◽  
Johnatan D. Cardona-Hincapié ◽  
Alejandro Hurtado-Aristizábal ◽  
Andrés A. Agudelo-Suárez

ABSTRACT Introduction: For dental professionals, including orthodontists, Quality of life (QOL) is a topic of growing concern and could be determined by objective and subjective complex factors. Objective: This study analyzed the factors that influence the QOL of orthodontists graduated between 1993 and 2016 of a public university (Medellín, Colombia). Methods: A mixed-methods study was conducted (cross-sectional survey; 88 participants; 3 focus groups, 21 participants). Quantitative analysis: the research included sociodemographic, labor and health characteristics as independent variables and the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire as main outcome for QOL. Frequencies were calculated and the association between QOL and independent variables was estimated by bivariate analysis (Chi square tests) and a linear multivariate regression. Qualitative analysis: Narrative content analysis according to thematic categories. Mixed methods: a conceptual framework for QOL using the triangulation was developed. Results: All the scores surpassed 55 points on the 4 domains of WHOQOL-BREF. A lower value was found in the physical dimension (57.1±10.7) and a greater value in the psychological dimension (70.8±8.3). The variables associated positively to QOL were permanent contract, teaching/research activities, monthly income, resting days per week and sex. Factors associated negatively were low social support, mental health and rent housing. Discourses of participants allowed to identify the concept of QOL and the contextual and social determinants and satisfiers. Conclusion: QOL of orthodontists is influenced by sociodemographic, employment, working and health factors. Therefore, QOL is a multidimensional concept that recognizes the political and socio-economic context and personal and professional experiences.


2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Anak Agung Gede Rudhi Arsana ◽  
Made Pasek Kardiwinata ◽  
I Made Sutarga

ABSTRAK Campak merupakan salah satu dari penyakit menular yang dapat dicegah dengan imunisasi. Pada tahun 2016, diketemukan KLB campak di Pulau Nusa Penida, Kabupaten Klungkung. Secara geografis wilayah pulau Nusa Penida sendiri merupakan wilayah dengan daratan yang terpisah dengan pulau Bali, sehingga jika terjadi suatu kasus maka akan lebih mudah menyebar karena interaksi penduduk hanya sekitaran wilayah pulau tersebut. Padahal cakupan imunisasi dasar campak diwilayah tersebut pada tahun 2015 dan 2016 sudah melebihi target cakupan Nasional, yaitu 90%. Imunisasi campak seharusnya dapat memberikan kekebalan seumur terhadap serangan penyakit campak sehingga tidak menimbulkan KLB pada suatu wilayah. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melihat gambaran status imunisasi, ketepatan pemberian imunisasi campak dan kejadian campak pada anak balita didaerah yang pernah mengalami KLB. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan deskriptif Cross Sectional. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah Anak Balita, dan yang menjadi responden adalah Ibu, dengan jumlah 70 sampel. Teknik pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini yaitu Systematic Random Sampling. Hasil penelitian pada anak balita di daerah yang pernah mengalami KLB campak Nusa Penida, Kabupaten Klungkung menunjukkan bahwa 17,14% anak balita di daerah tersebut pernah mengalami campak. Berdasarkan status imunisasi, sebagian besar anak balita telah mendapatkan imunisasi dasar campak 74,29%, namun masih terdapat anak yang mengalami kejadian campak klinis dengan proporsi 3,85%. Sedangkan untuk ketepatan pemberian imunisasi, sebagian besar anak balita telah diberikan imunisasi dasar campak dengan tepat waktu yaitu usia 9-11 bulan 68,57%, namun masih terdapat anak balita yang mengalami kejadian campak klinis dengan proporsi 2,08%. Kejadian campak klinis pada anak balita lumayan tinggi, sangat perlu dilakukan konfirmasi uji laboratorium untuk memastikan kasus tersebut sehingga tepat dalam pengobatannya. Perlu adanya sosialisasi kepada masyarakat akan informasi mengenai pentingnya pemberian imunisasi yang harus diberikan tepat pada waktunya untuk mencegah terjadinya campak. Kata kunci: Status Imunisasi, Ketepatan Pemberian Imunisasi, Campak   ABSTRACT One of the infectious diseases that can be prevented by immunization. In 2016, a measles outbreak was discovered on Nusa Penida Island, Klungkung Regency. Geographically, the island of Nusa Penida is an area with land separated from the island of Bali, so that if a case occurs it will be easier to spread because it deals with residents only around the island. Meanwhile, basic immunization seen in the region in 2015 and 2016 has exceeded the National achievement target of 90%. Immunization seems to provide immunity against disease that seems to affect outbreaks in a region. The purpose of this study was to see an overview of immunization status, accuracy of immunization and measles events in children under five years old who have experienced outbreaks. The design of this study used a cross sectional descriptive design. The sample in this study were toddlers, and the respondents were mothers, with a total of 70 samples. The sampling technique in this study is Systematic Random Sampling. The results of research on toddlers in areas that have used outbreaks of measles Nusa Penida, Klungkung Regency show that 17.14% of children under five in this area have experienced measles. Based on immunization status, most children under five have received basic measles immunization 74.29%, but still are children who have experienced clinical measles with a contribution of 3.85%. As for the accuracy of immunization, most children under five have been given basic immunization that looks right at the age of 9-11 months 68.57%, but still contains children under five who have clinical measles events with a proportion of 2.08%. Clinical incidence in children under five is high, it is necessary to conduct laboratory tests to ensure the case is right for treatment. There is a need for information dissemination to the public about the importance of immunization that must be given exactly when it has to be approved for release. Keywords: Immunization Status, Accuracy in Providing Immunizations, Measles


1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-84
Author(s):  
Ferdous Hasan ◽  
Rubina Sultana ◽  
Lutfun Nahar

Context: The study was designed to see the working environment of nurses in two district hospitals. Study design: Cross sectional, descriptive type of study. Place and period of study: The study was carried out in National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine (NIPSOM), Mohakhali, Dhaka from April to June, 2005. Methods: A total of 60 (sixty) nurses were selected by systematic random sampling method. Two District Hospitals were selected by Purposive Sampling. Data was collected by: face-to-face interview using a questionnaire consisting of both close ended and open ended questions. Results: Both positive and negative findings came out regarding working environment of the nurses. Conclusion: Some suggestions came out to improve the working environment of the nurses. Key words: Working environment; Nurses; District Hospitals. DOI: 10.3329/bja.v8i2.7022Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy July 2010, Vol. 8 No. 2 pp. 81-84


2021 ◽  
pp. 026666692110600
Author(s):  
Njabulo Bruce Khumalo

The professionalisation of any given field is at the heart of establishing the records and archives management profession as well as making it visible and respected in the work space. Without professionalisation, records and archives management professionals will continue to be undermined in the workplace and thus, struggle to pursue the mission and purpose of managing records throughout their life cycle. This study sought to investigate the state of professionalisation of the records and archives management field in Zimbabwe with a view to recommending ways through which the field can work towards professionalising. A quantitative research methodology, a cross sectional survey research design and systematic random sampling otherwise known as ordinal sampling was applied.


2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-69
Author(s):  
Metha Fahriani ◽  
Yuni Ramadhaniati ◽  
Aulia Oktarina

The Relationship between the Age of Pregnant Women and Parity with         The Incomplete Abortion in Dr. Sobirin Hospital Musi Rawas District ABSTRAKAbortus inkompletus adalah pengeluaran sebagian janin pada kehamilan sebelum 20 minggu dengan masih ada sisa tertinggal dalam uterus. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari hubungan usia ibu hamil dan paritas dengan kejadian abortus inkompletus di RS Dr. Sobirin Kabupaten Musi Rawas. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain Cross Sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini seluruh ibu hamil usia kehamilan 20 minggu sebanyak 232 ibu. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan Systematic Random Sampling, yaitu sebanyak 76 ibu. Jenis data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan analisa univariat dan bivariat menggunakan uji statistik Chi-Square (c2). Hasil analisis didapatkan 48 ibu (63,2%) tidak mengalami abortus inkompletus, 43 ibu (56,4%) berusia 20-35 tahun, dan 4 ibu (63,2%) dengan paritas primipara atau grandemultipara. Tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara umur dengan kejadian abortus inkompletus dan tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara paritas dengan kejadian abortus inkompletus. Diharapkan tenaga kesehatan dapat memberikan konseling, informasi, edukasi mengenai kontrasepsi bagi ibu dengan umur 35 tahun dan kesehatan reproduksi pada remaja 20 tahun untuk mencegah terjadinya kejadian abortus inkomplit Kata Kunci`: abortus inkompletus, paritas, usia ibu hamil ABSTRACTIncomplete abortion is the expenditure of a portion of the fetus in pregnancy before 20 weeks with still remaining left in the uterus. The purpose of this study was to study the relationship between the age of pregnant women and parity with the incidence of incomplete abortion in Dr. Hospital Sobirin Musi Rawas Regency. This study used a Cross Sectional design. The population in this study was all pregnant women aged 20 weeks gestation as many as 232 mothers. Sampling using Systematic Random Sampling, as many as 76 mothers. The type of data used was secondary data. Data analysis techniques were performed by univariate and bivariate analysis using the Chi-Square statistical test (c2). The analysis found 48 mothers (63.2%) did not experience incomplete abortion, 43 mothers (56.4%) aged 20-35 years, and 4 mothers (63.2%) with primipara or grandemultipara parity. There was no significant relationship between age and the incidence of incomplete abortion and there was no significant relationship between parity and the incidence of incomplete abortion. It was expected that health workers can provide counseling, information, education about contraception for women 35 years old and reproductive health in adolescents 20 years to prevent the occurrence of incomplete abortion.Keywords: age of pregnant women, incomplete abortion, parity


2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 542-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelsey B. White ◽  
Patricia E. Murphy ◽  
Jane Jeuland ◽  
George Fitchett

AbstractBackgroundThe prevalence of burnout and distress among palliative care professionals has received much attention since research suggests it negatively impacts the quality of care. Although limited, research suggests low levels of burnout or distress among healthcare chaplains; however, there has been no research among chaplains working in specific clinical contexts, including palliative care.ObjectiveThis study explored the distress, self-care, and debriefing practices of chaplains working in palliative care.MethodExploratory, cross-sectional survey of professional chaplains. Electronic surveys were sent to members of four professional chaplaincy organizations between February and April 2015. Primary measures of interest included Professional Distress, Distress from Theodicy, Informal Self-care, Formal Self-care, and debriefing practices.ResultMore than 60% of chaplains working in palliative care reported feeling worn out in the past 3 months because of their work as a helper; at least 33% practice Informal Self-care weekly. Bivariate analysis suggested significant associations between Informal Self-care and both Professional Distress and Distress from Theodicy. Multivariate analysis also identified that distress decreased as Informal and Formal Self-care increased.Significance of resultsChaplains working in palliative care appear moderately distressed, possibly more so than chaplains working in other clinical areas. These chaplains also use debriefing, with non-chaplain palliative colleagues, to process clinical experiences. Further research is needed about the role of religious or spiritual beliefs and practices in protecting against stress associated with care for people at the end of life.


2018 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 04013
Author(s):  
Masagus M. Hakim ◽  
Irfanuddin ◽  
Hermansyah ◽  
Novrikasari

UNICEF in 2013 reported more than 400 children die everyday. The prevalence of diarrhea occurs more in developing countries. Children under the age of five experience an average of 1.6 to 2.3 episodes of diarrhea per year. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of diarrhea based on knowledge and environmental sanitation in Tanjung Lago wetland area. This study used cross sectional design with quantitative approach. The sampling technique was simple random sampling with mapping. The sample was 145 housewives with children under five. It used univariate and bivariate analysis. The prevalence of diarrhea in Tanjung Lago was 13.8%. Only a portion of the respondents knew what diarrhea was (53.1%) and the cause of diarrhea (53.8%). The majority of respondents used river water as a source of clean water (91.0%) and refill water as a source of drinking water (98.6%). Most of respondents who have latrines were only less than 10m from daily sources of clean water (91.7%). There is no relationship between knowledge. quality of clean water and availability of latrines with the incidence of diarrhea on children under five. It is important to communicate. inform and educate the public about the environment that can be a medium for diarrhea transmission and the quality of clean water.


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