In Vitro Human Osteoblast Responses to Titanium Oxide-Based Surfaces with Varying Topology and Composition

2009 ◽  
Vol 1187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Andrew Collier ◽  
Julien M. Paillard ◽  
Athina E. Markaki ◽  
James A. Curran ◽  
Helen J Griffiths ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Oxide ◽  
Cellular Proliferation ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Contact Angle Measurement ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
Surface Topology ◽  
Implant Design ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Alp Activity

AbstractThe surface topology and composition of prosthetic implant materials affect cell responses and are therefore important design features. Plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) is a surface modification technique that can be used to produce oxidized surfaces with various surface properties. In this work, Ti-6Al-4V was PEO processed to give two surfaces with different morphologies but similar chemical composition. Surface characteristics were assessed using X ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, stylus profilometry and contact angle measurement.In vitro culture of human foetal osteoblasts (HOB) was performed on the surfaces, to examine cell responses to them. Cellular proliferation, morphology and differentiation were examined, using the AlamarBlue assay, SEM imaging and an alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay respectively. Additionally, the individual effects of oxides present in the PEO processed surfaces (rutile and anatase) on the cells were examined, by binding them in powder form to produce surfaces with similar morphology, but different composition.Changes in the topology and chemistry of the surfaces affected osteoblast response. HOB proliferated more on the rougher PEO surface, and also displayed greater ALP activity. Also, cells responded differently to surfaces containing just rutile or anatase, indicating that the chemical phase of titanium oxide is of consequence for implant design.

Surface Roughness and Droplet Contact Angle Measurement of Various Orthodontic Bonding Cements

1993 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 297-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. O'Kane ◽  
R. G. Oliver ◽  
R. E. Blunden
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Contact Angle ◽  
Glass Ionomer Cement ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Contact Angle Measurement ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
Bacterial Attachment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Orthodontic Bonding

Surface characteristics that are considered important for bacterial attachment to thirteen orthodontic bonding composite cements and one glass ionomer cement were examined in vitro before and after toothbrush abrasion. The surface roughness and contact angle measurements were found to be statistically significantly different between the materials, both before and after brushing, and there were also statistically significant changes within materials after brushing. There were low correlation coefficients between surface roughness and contact angle for both pre-and post-brushed materials.

Preparation and the Blood Compatibility of Titanium Oxide Nanorod Arrays

2011 ◽  
Vol 306-307 ◽  
pp. 25-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Luo ◽  
Zhan Yun Huang ◽  
Di Hu Chen
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Titanium Oxide ◽  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Blood Compatibility ◽  
Contact Angle Measurement ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
Nanorod Arrays ◽  
Wetting Properties

In this work, titanium oxide nanorod arrays were fabricated by using the hydrothermal method on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) coated glass. The diameter of the nanorods could be controlled from 150 nm to 30 nm by changing the growth parameters. The surface morphology and the structure of the samples were characterized by SEM and XRD. The wetting properties were identified by contact angle measurement. Platelet attachment was investigated to evaluate the blood compatibility of the samples with different nanoscale topographies. Results show that the nanotopographical surfaces perform outstanding blood compatibility, and the adhering platelet decreased with the increasing diameter of the nanorods.

Tailoring the in vitro characteristics of poly(vinyl alcohol)-nanohydroxyapatite composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (8) ◽  
pp. 771-784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tejinder Kaur ◽  
Arunachalam Thirugnanam ◽  
Krishna Pramanik
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Contact Angle Measurement ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Apatite Formation ◽  
Composite Scaffolds ◽  
Alizarin Red ◽  
Casting Technique

Abstract Poly(vinyl alcohol) reinforced with nanohydroxyapatite (PVA-nHA) composite scaffolds were developed by varying the nHA (1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5%, w/v) composition in the PVA matrix by solvent casting technique. The developed composite scaffolds were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, and contact angle measurement. The stability of the composite scaffolds in physiological environment was evaluated by swelling and degradation studies. Further, these composite scaffolds were tested for in vitro bioactivity, hemolysis, biocompatibility, and mechanical strength. SEM micrographs showed a homogenous distribution of nHA (3%, w/v) in the PVA matrix. XRD and ATR-FTIR analysis confirmed no phase contamination and the existence of the chemical bond between PVA-nHA at approximately 2474 cm-1. PVA-nHA composite scaffolds with 3% (w/v) concentration of nHA showed nominal swelling and degradation behavior with good mechanical strength. The mechanical strength and degradation properties of the scaffold above 3% (w/v) of nHA was found to deteriorate, which is due to the agglomeration of nHA. The in vitro bioactivity and hemolysis studies showed improved apatite formation and hemocompatibility of the developed scaffolds. In vitro cell adhesion, proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity, and Alizarin red S staining confirmed the biocompatibility of the composite scaffolds.

Fabrication and characterization of customized tubular scaffolds for tracheal tissue engineering by using solvent based 3D printing on predefined template

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 421-428
Author(s):  
Rudranarayan Kandi ◽  
Pulak Mohan Pandey ◽  
Misba Majood ◽  
Sujata Mohanty
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Contact Angle Measurement ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tracheal Tissue

Purpose This paper aims to discuss the successful fabrication of customized tubular scaffolds for tracheal tissue engineering with a novel route using solvent-based extrusion 3D printing. Design/methodology/approach The manufacturing approach involved extrusion of polymeric ink over a rotating predefined pattern to construct customized tubular structure of polycaprolactone (PCL) and polyurethane (PU). Dimensional deviation in thickness of scaffolds were calculated for various layer thicknesses of 3D printing. Physical and chemical properties of scaffolds were investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM), contact angle measurement, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Mechanical characterizations were performed, and the results were compared to the reported properties of human native trachea from previous reports. Additionally, in vitro cytotoxicity of the fabricated scaffolds was studied in terms of cell proliferation, cell adhesion and hemagglutination assay. Findings The developed fabrication route was flexible and accurate by printing customized tubular scaffolds of various scales. Physiochemical results showed good miscibility of PCL/PU blend, and decrease in crystalline nature of blend with the addition of PU. Preliminary mechanical assessments illustrated comparable mechanical properties with the native human trachea. Longitudinal compression test reported outstanding strength and flexibility to maintain an unobstructed lumen, necessary for the patency. Furthermore, the scaffolds were found to be biocompatible to promote cell adhesion and proliferation from the in vitro cytotoxicity results. Practical implications The attempt can potentially meet the demand for flexible tubular scaffolds that ease the concerns such as availability of suitable organ donors. Originality/value 3D printing over accurate predefined templates to fabricate customized grafts gives novelty to the present method. Various customized scaffolds were compared with conventional cylindrical scaffold in terms of flexibility.

Effect of Poly (Lactic–Co–Glycolic Acid) (75:25)/ Hydroxyapatite Composite on Chondrocyte Culture for Tissue Reconstruction

2007 ◽  
Vol 342-343 ◽  
pp. 353-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung Bok Lee ◽  
Seong Mi Yu ◽  
Sang Gil Lee ◽  
Jae Bong Choi ◽  
Jeong Koo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Composite Film ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Contact Angle Measurement ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cellular Attachment ◽  
Control Film ◽  
Content Ratio

PLGA (75:25)/hydroxyapatite (HA) composite films were fabricated by solvent-casting method to investigate the effect of various hydroxyapatite content ratio to the PLGA film for cellular attachment and proliferation. Mechanical property of the composite film was characterized by tensile test. The ultimate tensile strength of 10% HA content film was two folds higher than control group. The surface of the film was characterized by contact angle measurement. The PLGA/HA composite film was more hydrophilic than control film. In vitro chondrocyte responses to the composite films were measured by cellular attachment and proliferation test. The attached and proliferated cells were significantly higher on PLGA/HA (10%) composite film than control group (1.44 times higher in attachment test and 1.31 times higher for 6th-day at culture in proliferation assaying, p<0.05). Base on these finding, the PLGA/HA (10%) composite was effective for the cell attachment for the initial stage of cultivation and cell proliferation.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Photocatalytic Activity of Water-Based TiO2 Nanoparticle Dispersions Applied on Historical Painting Surfaces

Heritage ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 1854-1867
Author(s):  
Stefania Pasquale ◽  
Massimo Zimbone ◽  
Francesco Ruffino ◽  
Giuseppe Stella ◽  
Anna Maria Gueli
Keyword(s):  
Tio2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Contact Angle Measurement ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
High Reactivity ◽  
Cleaning Efficiency ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Nanoparticle Dispersions

This paper aims at assessing the use of nanomaterials in painting conservation and in cleaning practices that could be alternative to the traditional ones to overcome the limits of new green materials. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles have been spread and studied on historical painting surfaces with good results. In particular, the properties of TiO2 nanoparticles have been considered useful for self-cleaning and protective purposes against the accumulation of dirt and dust that represents the first phase in deterioration of historical painting surfaces. TiO2 nanoparticles, prepared in distilled water by Pulsed Laser Ablation in Liquids, were applied on painting mock-ups realized in the laboratory according to old recipes and using historical binders and pigments. The surface characteristics of the painting were investigated by contact angle measurement and by Atomic Force Microscopy. The optical and aesthetical compatibility of the colloidal dispersions with the painting was assessed by spectrophotometry, and then the cleaning efficiency was evaluated by discoloration of a dye under ultraviolet irradiation, at fixed time intervals, using colorimetric technique. Because of the high reactivity of nanoparticles, the possibility of degrading the painting surface, together with the chromatic marker, was examined by colorimetric measurements. The evaluation of the color changes is important for all the materials belonging to cultural heritage, especially painting, for which the color modification induced by protective and/or cleaning interventions could irremediably compromise the work of art.

Laminin Immobilized on Titanium Oxide Films for Enhanced Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cell Adhesion and Growth

2007 ◽  
Vol 342-343 ◽  
pp. 305-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sh.N. Ge ◽  
Jun Ying Chen ◽  
Yong Xiang Leng ◽  
Nan Huang
Keyword(s):  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Titanium Oxide ◽  
Blood Compatibility ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Film Surface ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Human Umbilical Vein ◽  
Unbalanced Magnetron

In prior work we have shown that titanium oxide (Ti-O) thin films have good blood compatibility. However, as well as being hemocompatible, biomaterials used in contact with blood should be cell compatible also. In the work described here, Ti-O films were synthesized using unbalanced magnetron sputtering (UBMS) and were modified by immobilizing laminin on the film surface for improving human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) adhesion and growth. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and contact-angle measurements were used to investigate the surface characteristics of the Ti-O films and the modified Ti-O films. The results suggest that Laminin can be biochemically immobilized on the Ti-O film surface. The modified layer of Laminin can improve the hydrophilicity and wettability of Ti-O films. In vitro HUVEC investigations reveal that Laminin immobilized on the film surface greatly enhances cell adhesion and growth on Ti-O films.

scholarly journals Simple method of fabrication of hydrophobic coatings for polyurethanes

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1039-1045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beata Butruk ◽  
Paulina Ziętek ◽  
Tomasz Ciach
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Contact Angle Measurement ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
Acoustic Microscopy ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Hydrophobic Coatings ◽  
Grafting Reaction

AbstractThe aim of this study was to develop a method of manufacturing versatile hydrophobic coatings for polymers. Authors present a simple technique of polyurethane (PU) surface modification with covalently attached silicones (PDMS) or fluorocarbons (PFC). Diisocyanates were applied as linker molecules. The obtained coatings were characterized using spectroscopic analysis (FTIR), scanning acoustic microscopy (SAM) and water contact angle measurements. FTIR analysis revealed high efficiency of grafting reaction. The results of contact angle measurement indicated significant increase of hydrophobicity — from 66° (unmodified PU) to 113° (PU grafted with PDMS) and 118° (PU grafted with PFC). Acoustic microscopy analysis confirmed satisfactory homogeneity and smoothness of the fabricated layers. In vitro cell tests revealed non-adherent properties of the surfaces. Both, MTT assay and fluorescence staining confirmed non-cytotoxicity of the coatings, which makes them potential candidates for use in biomedical applications.

Fabrication of Dielectrophoretic Microfluidic Device

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Naga Siva Kumar ◽  
Sushanta K. Mitra ◽  
V. Ramgopal Rao
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Microfluidic Device ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Contact Angle Measurement ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
Oxygen Plasma Treatment ◽  
Measurement Systems ◽  
Pdms Channel ◽  
Fabrication And Characterization

Technological needs of the recent times require the improvement in micro-scale devices that manipulate the bioparticles like cells, bacteria, viruses, DNA, proteins, etc. Such devices have diverse and widespread applications in biomedical, drug delivery and diagnostics for separating, trapping, sorting and mixing of particles. Dielectrophoresis (DEP) is one of the techniques used for manipulating the particles in a nonuniform electric field. In the present study, fabrication and characterization of microfluidic device for DEP is analyzed and experimented. An overview of fabrication techniques which can be used for making of DEP device is provided with experimental details. DEP microfluidic device is fabricated by preparing channels and microelectrodes on PDMS and glass materials respectively. Oxygen plasma treatment has been used for bonding the PDMS channel and micro-electrode patterned glass substrate. Further experiments are conducted to demonstrate the DEP principle with polystyrene microbeads. The movement of microbeads towards the high electric field strengths at 12Vpp and 10 MHz frequency is observed. Characterizing equipments like ellipsometer, profilometer, scanning electron microscopy, contact angle measurement systems were used for measuring oxide layer thickness, width and depth of the channels, surface characteristics etc., during fabrication.

scholarly journals Biological efficacy of perpendicular type-I collagen protruded from TiO2-nanotubes

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Yu Chen ◽  
David. M. Kim ◽  
Cliff Lee ◽  
John Da Silva ◽  
Shigemi Nagai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Activation ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Contact Angle Measurement ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
Type I ◽  
Nih3t3 Cells ◽  
Biological Efficacy

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the biological efficacy of a unique perpendicular protrusion of type-I collagen (Col-I) from TiO2 nanotubes (NT-EPF surface). We hypothesized that the NT-EPF surface would play bifunctional roles in stimulating platelet-mediated fibroblast recruitment and anchoring fibroblast-derived Col-I to form a perpendicular collagen assembly, mimicking the connective tissue attachment around natural teeth for the long-term maintenance of dental implants. Ti surface modification was accomplished in two steps. First, TiO2 nanotubes (NT) array was fabricated via anodization. Diameters and depths of NTs were controlled by applied voltage and duration. Subsequently, an electrophoretic fusion (EPF) method was applied to fuse Col-I into nanotube arrays in a perpendicular fashion. Surface wettability was assessed by contact angle measurement. The bioactivity of modified TiO2 surfaces was evaluated in terms of NIH3T3 fibroblast attachment, platelet activation, and collagen extension. Early attachment, aggregation, and activation of platelets as well as release of platelet-related growth factors were demonstrated on NT-EPF surfaces. Platelet-mediated NIH3T3 cells migration toward NT-EPF was significantly increased and the attached cells showed a typical fibrous morphology with elongated spindle shape. A direct linkage between pseudopod-like processes of fibroblasts to NT-EPF surfaces was observed. Furthermore, the engineered EPF collagen protrusion linked with cell-derived collagen in a perpendicular fashion. Within the limitation of this in vitro study, the TiO2 nanotube with perpendicular Col-I surface (NT-EPF) promoted better cell attachment, induced a strong platelet activation which suggested the ability to create a more robust soft tissue seal.

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