scholarly journals IMPROVEMENT OF THE METHOD OF BOTANICAL IDENTIFICATION OF HONEY

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. O. Adamchuk
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Analysis ◽  
Environmental Science ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Food Product ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Pollen Spectrum ◽  
Botanical Origin ◽  
National University ◽  
Leading Enterprises

The pollen spectrum of honey reflects the regional crops, forest plantations, all the diversity of the plant species near the apiary. That is why the use, adaptation, and improvement of various methods of pollen analysis and interpretation of its results are topical questions in the countries which produce original varieties of honey on the international market. Ukraine is a leader in manufacturing and exporting honey in Europe and worldwide. Usually, Ukrainian honey is exported not as a finished food product, but as a raw material. This is because the pollen spectrum of Ukrainian honeys is provided with no description characterising their botanical and geographical origin, which, in turn, is because there are no pollen analysis methods implemented in  production laboratories. The purpose of this study was improving the pollen analysis method to identify the botanical origin of Ukrainian honeys. The research was conducted in the laboratory of the Department of Standardisation and Certification of Agricultural Products in the National University of Life and Environmental Science of Ukraine, and in the production laboratory of Ascania-Pack Company. The analysis of harmonised methods of melissopalynology and standardised pollen detection methods has allowed developing a botanical method of honey identification adapted to be introduced in Ukrainian laboratories. The method suggested is a complex of individual procedures, operations,  and techniques. It has been detailed how to prepare solution to fix and stain pollen preparations obtained from honey. The method of preparing a suspension of pollen grains from honey has been improved: extra dissolution of crystals and a lower speed of the centrifuge reduce the time of making the preparation and improve its quality. The method of obtaining preparations of pollen grains from honey has been adapted to harmonised international melissopalynological methods. New methods have been developed to count pollen grains in prepared monofloral and polyfloral honey samples. It has been detailed how to identify step-by- step the botanical origin of honey by pollen grains using international databases. The method has been implemented in the production laboratories of leading enterprises in Ukraine and Belarus.

DETERMINATION OF THE BOTANICAL ORIGIN OF HONEY AND THE BONITET OF HONEY-BEARING VEGETATION BY POLLEN ANALYSIS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Г.П. ЧЕКРЫГА ◽  
К.Н. НИЦИЕВСКАЯ ◽  
О.Б. ЮДИНА
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Pollen Analysis ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Morphological Type ◽  
Arithmetic Mean ◽  
Botanical Origin ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
Melilotus Officinalis ◽  
Melilotus Albus

Разработка систем качества потребляемых населением продуктов из меда невозможна без оценки флористического богатства региона. Цель настоящего исследования – установление ботанического происхождения меда по пыльцевому анализу, а также бонитета медоносной растительности юга Западной Сибири. Объектом исследования были 92 образца меда сбора 2019 года, полученные с пасек, расположенных в разных почвенно-климатических зонах региона. Для анализа из образца массой 200 г стеклянной палочкой мед наносили на предметное стекло в количестве одной естественной капли, закрывали покровным стеклом и под микроскопом при увеличении 400 исследовали морфологическое строение пыльцевых зерен. После идентификации пыльцевых зерен при увеличении 100 подсчитывали количество зерен каждого найденного морфологического типа. Затем вычисляли среднее арифметическое значение результатов пяти параллельных исследований в 5 каплях, определяли сумму средних арифметических значений общего количества подсчитанных пыльцевых зерен каждого идентифицированного типа и вычисляли частоту встречаемости. Ботаническое происхождение меда определяли исходя из процентного количества пыльцевых зерен в меде: при количестве пыльцевых зерен одного морфологического типа, превышающем 45%, образец считали монофлерным, от 44 до 15% – составной частью смешанного меда (полифлерным), от 14 до 0% – фиксировали присутствие, но не принимали в расчет. Установлено, что при получении монофлерных медов медоносные пчелы предпочитают растения: дягиль сибирский (Archangellica decurens Idb.), дудник лесной (Angelica silvestris L.), донник желтый, (Melilotus officinalis L.), донник белый, (Melilotus albus Medic.), рапс (Brássica nápus L.), синяк обыкновенный (Echium vulgare L.). По наличию пыльцевых зерен в образцах меда установлено, что 82,02% видов медоносных растений являются дикорастущими, 17,08% введены в культуру и используются для получения продуктов питания, кормов, как припасечные растения. Выявлена связь почвенно-климатических зон с видовым приоритетом пыльцевых зерен растений в образцах меда. Для всего региона это дикорастущие виды – дягиль сибирский и дудник лесной, с которых получено максимальное количество монофлерных медов – 42,42%. The development of quality systems for honey products consumed by the population is impossible without an assessment of the floral wealth of the region. The purpose of this study is to establish the botanical origin of honey by pollen analysis, as well as the bonitet of honey-bearing vegetation in the south of Western Siberia. The object of the study was 92 samples of honey collected in 2019, obtained from apiaries located in different soil and climatic zones of the region. For the analysis, honey in the amount of one natural drop was applied with a glass stick to a slide, covered with a cover glass. The morphological structure of pollen grains was examined under a microscope at a magnification of 400. After identification of pollen grains at an increase of 100, the number of grains of each morphological type found was counted. Then the arithmetic mean of the results of five parallel determinations in 5 drops was calculated, the sum of the arithmetic mean values of the total number of counted pollen grains of each identified type was determined, and the frequency of occurrence was calculated. The botanical origin of honey was determined based on the percentage of pollen grains present: when the number of pollen grains of the same morphological type exceeds 45%, the sample was considered monoflower, from 44 to 15% – a component of mixed honey (polyflower), from 14 to 0% – the presence was recorded, but not taken into account. It was found that when obtaining monofleral honey, honey bees prefer plants: siberian angelica (Archangellica decurens Idb.), wood angelica (Angelica silvestris L.), yellow melilotus (Melilotus officinalis L.), white melilotus (Melilotus albus Medic.), rapeseed (Brássica nápus L.), common bruise (Echium vulgare L.). Based on the presence of pollen grains in honey samples, it was found that 82,02% of honey plant species are wild, 17,08% are introduced into culture and are used for food, feed, and as supply plants. The connection of soil-climatic zones with the specific priority of pollen grains of plants in honey is revealed. For the entire region, these are wild species – siberian angelica and forest angelica, from which the maximum amount of monoflower honey is obtained – 42,42%.

scholarly journals Research of Original Sorts of Honey

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-157
Author(s):  
Leonora Adamchuk ◽  
Natalia Dudchenko ◽  
Dina Lisohurska ◽  
Kateryna Pylypko
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Glycolic Acid ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Sugar Solution ◽  
Pollen Spectrum ◽  
Minor Components ◽  
Botanical Origin ◽  
Physicochemical Composition ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics

The topicality. Honey, a natural saturated sugar solution, which consists of fructose and glucose in the amount of 65-80% of the total amount of sugars, and also contains important minor components – enzymes (diastase and invertase), organic acids (glycolic acid, acetic acid, etc.) , vitamins, phytoncides, phenolic compounds and minerals. Monofloral honeys, obtained mainly from the nectar of one plant species, are characterized by a conditionally stable composition and unique properties, which gives grounds to class them as functional products. Purpose and methods. The purpose of the work is to use melisopalinological, organoleptic and physicochemical analyses to determine reliable criteria for the authenticity of Ukrainian original sorts of honey. Results. The botanical origin of the investigated honeys has been confirmed by the study of the pollen spectrum of various honey samples by identifying the dominant pollen grains. In addition, all studied samples had their own profile of scent, tastes and consistency, a unique complex of which correlated with honey sorts. The varietal characteristics of the samples under study also influenced the physicochemical indicators, some values of which were outside the permissible limits in accordance with the national regulatory documentation. Conclusions and discussion. For original sorts of honey with varying degrees of monoflority, there is a need for further study of the physicochemical composition in connection with their possible varietal characteristics. The scientific novelty of the work lies in a pilot study of the organoleptic characteristics and physicochemical parameters of the original of honey from Ukraine, in particular pumpkin, blueberry, and echinacea. Practical use of the obtained results is possible for further authentication of coriander, goldenrod, pumpkin, blueberry, thyme, phacelia and Echinacea honey as original sorts for further study of their properties and introduction into functional nutrition.

scholarly journals Methods for determining the botanical origin of honey

10.5219/1386 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 483-493
Author(s):  
Leonora Adamchuk ◽  
Vladyslav Sukhenko ◽  
Oleksandra Akulonok ◽  
Tetiana Bilotserkivets ◽  
Volodymyr Vyshniak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Analysis ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Botanical Origin ◽  
Acacia Species ◽  
Nmr Spectrometry ◽  
Acacia Honey ◽  
Spectrometry Technique ◽  
Functional Kinds ◽  
Organoleptic Parameters

The demand for monofloral, original, and special (functional) kinds of honey, or those with geographical indication, is forecast. At the same time, there is a need to improve the methods for determining the botanical and geographical origin of honey. The purpose of the research was to select and apply a variety of techniques for identifying the botanical origin of honey for its correspondence to acacia species. Samples of honey from the Kyiv, Odesa, and Dnipro regions extracted in the spring and summer period were used in the research. Organoleptic, physicochemical, NMR spectrometry, and advanced melissopalynology methods were applied. The tests were carried out at the laboratories of the Department of Certification and Standardization of Agricultural Products, NULES, Ukraine; the Ukrainian Laboratory of Quality and Safety of Agricultural Products; and the Bruker BioSpin GmbH company (Germany). According to the research results, the requirements for acacia honey were met by the organoleptic method for samples B1 and B2; by the physicochemical method for A0 and A2; by NMR spectroscopy for not a single sample, all being assessed as polyfloral; and by pollen analysis for B1 and B2. The conducted studies confirm the need for a comprehensive approach to the identification of the botanical origin of honey for its conformity to acacia species. There is a need to review the physicochemical indicators for the compliance of honey with the acacia species obtained in Ukraine. After all, even the modern NMR spectrometry technique indicated that the specially fabricated sample that did not contain acacia pollen grains was acacia honey. Identification of the botanical origin of monofloral honey, in particular acacia, should be carried out in the following sequence: pollen analysis (by dominant pollen grains), safety (presence of antibiotics, pesticides), physicochemical parameters according to international requirements, organoleptic parameters.

scholarly journals Fungal Diversity and Over-Represented Non-Nectariferous Plants Pollen in Honey. Case Study on Acacia Honey Authenticity, Analyzed in APHIS Laboratory

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Otilia BOBIŞ ◽  
Daniel Severus DEZMIREAN ◽  
Victoriţa BONTA ◽  
Adriana Cristina URCAN ◽  
Adela Ramona MOISE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Pollen Analysis ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Botanical Origin ◽  
Photodiode Array Detection ◽  
Acacia Honey ◽  
Photodiode Array ◽  
Array Detection

Pollen analysis is the basic method for the determination of the botanical and geographical origin of honey. However, the presence of over-represented pollen in honeys may lead to false results of the analysis. This can be more severe if this pollen is present in unifloral under-represented honeys of commercial importance (e.g. thyme or acacia honey). In the present study, we investigated the abundance of nectarless pollen grains on several quality characteristics in honey samples. In particular, the physic-chemical (diastase activity, electrical conductivity, sugars and HMF content) analysis were carried out in order to confirm the declared botanical origin. Spectrophotometric method was used for diastase activity determination, electrical conductivity was determined by potentiometry and chromatographic determinations for HMF content (photodiode array detection) and sugars (HPLC refractive index detection). The present study confirms that, in the case of non-nectariferous pollen presence in honeys, a second count must be made, excluding this pollen type and pollen analysis alone cannot give reliable results for the determination of the botanical origin. Consequently, pollen analysis should be combined with other analyses, especially in honeys with under-represented pollens, to give precise results for the botanical characterization and labeling of honeys.

scholarly journals Sensorial, Melissopalynological and Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Honey from Babors Kabylia’s Region (Algeria)

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 225
Author(s):  
Asma Ghorab ◽  
María Shantal Rodríguez-Flores ◽  
Rifka Nakib ◽  
Olga Escuredo ◽  
Latifa Haderbache ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Properties ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Pollen Spectrum ◽  
Botanical Origin ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
High Tendency ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Pollen Types

This study aimed to characterize the honeys of Babors Kabylia through sensory, melissopalynological and physico-chemical parameters. Thirty samples of honey produced in this region were collected over a period of two years and analyzed. All the samples presented physico-chemical parameters in conformity with legislation on honey quality, with few exceptions, linked mainly to beekeeping management. The pollen spectrum revealed a great diversity with 96 pollen types. The main pollen types were spontaneous species as Fabaceae (Hedysarum, Trifolium, Genisteae plants), Asteraceae plants, Ericaceae (Erica arborea L.) or Myrtus and Pistacia. The sensory properties of samples showed a high tendency to crystallization, the colors were from white to brown, but most of them had gold color. Smell and odor corresponded mainly to vegetal and fruity families and in taste perceptions besides sweetness highlighted sourness and saltiness notes. Seventeen samples were polyfloral, one was from honeydew and twelve were monofloral from heather, genista plants, sulla, blackberry or Asteraceae. Heather and the honeydew samples showed the darkest color, the highest electrical conductivity and phenol and flavonoid content. A statistical analysis based on the most representative pollen types, sensory properties and some physico-chemical components allowed the differentiation of honey samples in terms of botanical origin.

scholarly journals The history of settlement and agrarian land use in a boreal forest in Värmland, Sweden, new evidence from pollen analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sigrún Dögg Eddudóttir ◽  
Eva Svensson ◽  
Stefan Nilsson ◽  
Anneli Ekblom ◽  
Karl-Johan Lindholm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Pollen Analysis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Archaeological Survey ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractShielings are the historically known form of transhumance in Scandinavia, where livestock were moved from the farmstead to sites in the outlands for summer grazing. Pollen analysis has provided a valuable insight into the history of shielings. This paper presents a vegetation reconstruction and archaeological survey from the shieling Kårebolssätern in northern Värmland, western Sweden, a renovated shieling that is still operating today. The first evidence of human activities in the area near Kårebolssätern are Hordeum- and Cannabis-type pollen grains occurring from ca. 100 bc. Further signs of human impact are charcoal and sporadic occurrences of apophyte pollen from ca. ad 250 and pollen indicating opening of the canopy ca. ad 570, probably a result of modification of the forest for grazing. A decrease in land use is seen between ad 1000 and 1250, possibly in response to a shift in emphasis towards large scale commodity production in the outlands. Emphasis on bloomery iron production and pitfall hunting may have caused a shift from agrarian shieling activity. The clearest changes in the pollen assemblage indicating grazing and cultivation occur from the mid-thirteenth century, coinciding with wetter climate at the beginning of the Little Ice Age. The earliest occurrences of anthropochores in the record predate those of other shieling sites in Sweden. The pollen analysis reveals evidence of land use that predates the results of the archaeological survey. The study highlights how pollen analysis can reveal vegetation changes where early archaeological remains are obscure.

scholarly journals Using palynological evidence from royal jelly to mediate the spread of Paenibacillus larvae in Brazil

Hoehnea ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 512-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia Fernandes Pinto da Luz ◽  
Lubiane Guimarães-Cestaro ◽  
José Eduardo Serrão ◽  
Dejair Message ◽  
Marta Fonseca Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Royal Jelly ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Paenibacillus Larvae ◽  
Inspection System ◽  
American Foulbrood ◽  
Pollen Spectrum ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Total Percentage ◽  
Brazilian Legislation ◽  
American Foulbrood Disease

ABSTRACT Royal jelly may contain pollen grains and their presence can be used to determine the phytogeographical origin of the product. This study analyzed the phytogeographical origin of commercial royal jelly samples from São Paulo State, tested as part of the Brazilian Federal Inspection System (SIF), found to be contaminated with spores of the bacterium Paenibacillus larvae, that causes the American Foulbrood Disease. The pollen grains of Castanea had the highest total percentage, with lower percentages of Cirsium/Carduus, Cistus, Parthenocissus, Prunus, Quercus, Robinia, Scrophulariaceae, Taraxacum, Tilia, among others. This pollen spectrum is incompatible with royal jelly samples produced in Brazil. The pollen spectrum resembled that of an imported product, compatible with the Northern Hemisphere origin. Brazilian legislation does not require the phytogeographic origin of imported bee products to be analyzed by palynological procedures, but it is mandatory to have a certificate issued by the country of origin attesting the absence of pathogens, monitored with the objective of preventing the exotic diseases from entering Brazil. Palynology, therefore, proved to be fundamental in detecting imports of this contaminated batches.

scholarly journals Recent Developments in Plasmonic Sensors of Phenol and Its Derivatives

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 10519
Author(s):  
Nguyễn Hoàng Ly ◽  
Sang Jun Son ◽  
Ho Hyun Kim ◽  
Sang-Woo Joo
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Optical Sensors ◽  
Noble Metals ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Localized Surface Plasmon ◽  
Trace Detection ◽  
Toxic Response ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Analytical Tools

Many scientists are increasingly interested in on-site detection methods of phenol and its derivatives because these substances have been universally used as a significant raw material in the industrial manufacturing of various chemicals of antimicrobials, anti-inflammatory drugs, antioxidants, and so on. The contamination of phenolic compounds in the natural environment is a toxic response that induces harsh impacts on plants, animals, and human health. This mini-review updates recent developments and trends of novel plasmonic resonance nanomaterials, which are assisted by various optical sensors, including colorimetric, fluorescence, localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), and plasmon-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. These advanced and powerful analytical tools exhibit potential application for ultrahigh sensitivity, selectivity, and rapid detection of phenol and its derivatives. In this report, we mainly emphasize the recent progress and novel trends in the optical sensors of phenolic compounds. The applications of Raman technologies based on pure noble metals, hybrid nanomaterials, and metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are presented, in which the remaining establishments and challenges are discussed and summarized to inspire the future improvement of scientific optical sensors into easy-to-operate effective platforms for the rapid and trace detection of phenol and its derivatives.

scholarly journals Quality Assessment of Goldenrod, Milkweed and Multifloral Honeys Based on Botanical Origin, Antioxidant Capacity and Mineral Content

2022 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 769
Author(s):  
Marianna Kocsis ◽  
Alexandra Bodó ◽  
Tamás Kőszegi ◽  
Rita Csepregi ◽  
Rita Filep ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Pollen Spectrum ◽  
Botanical Origin ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Zn Content ◽  
Five Elements ◽  
Multifloral Honey ◽  
Melissopalynological Analysis

The goal of the study was to evaluate the pollen spectrum, antioxidant capacity and mineral content of four Hungarian honey types, using multivariate statistical analysis. The light colored honeys were represented by milkweed honey and a multifloral (MF) honey with dominant pollen frequency of linden (MF-Tilia); the darker ones were goldenrod honey and a multifloral honey with Lamiaceae pollen majority (MF-Lamiaceae). The pollen spectrum of the samples was established with melissopalynological analysis. The absorbance of the honeys positively correlated with the antioxidant capacity determined with three of the used methods (TRC, TEAC, DPPH), but not with ORAC. The latter method correlated negatively also with other antioxidant methods and with most of the mineral values. MF-Tilia had high ORAC value, K and Na content. The MF-Lamiaceae had the highest K, Mg, P, S, Cu and Zn content, the last five elements showing strict correlation with the TRC method. The darker goldenrod honey had higher SET values and total mineral content, than the milkweed honey. The above character-sets facilitate identification of each honey type and serve as indicators of variety. The antioxidant levels and mineral content of honeys allowed their clear separation by principal component analysis (PCA).

Bioaccessibility of Anthocyanins on in vitro Digestion Mmodels: Factors Implicated and Role in Functional Foods Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Prado ◽  
Isidora Pierattini ◽  
Guiselle Villarroel ◽  
Fernanda Fuentes ◽  
Alejandra Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Foods ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Food Product ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Simulated Digestion ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Food Matrices

Background: Worldwide, the prevalence of obesity and related non-communicable chronic diseases is high and continues to grow. In that sense, anthocyanins (ANC) have shown beneficial health effects in preventing obesity and metabolic risk factors. Moreover, the demand for functional foods incorporating these compounds has risen significantly in the past years. Thus, there is a need for validations of the functional properties of these formulations; nevertheless, in vivo assays are complex and require a lot of resources. One approach for estimating bioactive compounds' functionality and health benefits is to evaluate their bioaccessibility on a specific food matrix, determined by various factors. This article aims to review different factors influencing the bioaccessibility of ANC evaluated on in vitro digestion models as a functionality parameter, elucidating the effect of chemical composition, raw materials, food matrices, and vehicles for the delivery of ANC. Methods: Study searches were performed using PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Science Direct databases. Results: Different factors influenced bioaccessibility and stability of ANC studied by in vitro digestion which are: i) the raw material used for ANC obtention; ii) food processing; iii) other food components; iv) the extraction method and solvents used; v) the structure of ANC; vi) delivery system (e.g., microencapsulation); vii) pH of the medium; viii) the digestion stage. Conclusion: Simulated digestion systems allow to determine free or encapsulated ANC bioaccessibility in different food matrices, which offers advantages in determining the potential functionality of a food product.

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