scholarly journals CARACTERIZAÇÃO FÍSICO-QUÍMICA DE SUBSTRATO DE FIBRA DE CASCA DE COCO APÓS O CULTIVO HIDROPÔNICO DE PIMENTÃO COM ÁGUA DE REÚSO E DIFERENTES LÂMINAS DE SOLUÇÃO NUTRITIVA

Irriga ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 613-627
Author(s):  
Renata da Silva Cuba de Carvalho ◽  
Mara Rúbia Mendes de Melo ◽  
Francielly Guieiro Gomes de Sousa ◽  
Luís Roberto Almeida Gabriel Filho ◽  
Antonio Evaldo Klar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Crop Evapotranspiration ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Coconut Husk ◽  
Nutritive Solution ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
E Mail

CARACTERIZAÇÃO FÍSICO-QUÍMICA DE SUBSTRATO DE FIBRA DE CASCA DE COCO APÓS O CULTIVO HIDROPÔNICO DE PIMENTÃO COM ÁGUA DE REÚSO E DIFERENTES LÂMINAS DE SOLUÇÃO NUTRITIVA1     RENATA DA SILVA CUBA DE CARVALHO2; MARA RÚBIA MENDES DE MELO3; fRANCIELLY GUIEIRO GOMES DE SOUSA4; luís roberto almeida gabriel filho5; antonio evaldo klar6 E hélio grassi filho7   1Trabalho originado da tese de doutorado do primeiro autor intitulada: “Cultivo de pimentão em sistema hidropônico com água de reúso em diferentes níveis de disponibilidade de água no substrato”. 2Doutora, Programa de Pós-graduação em Agronomia – Irrigação e Drenagem, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Avenida Universitária, 3780, CEP 18610-034, Altos do Paraíso, Botucatu-SP, Brasil, [email protected]. 3 Doutoranda, Programa de Pós- graduação em Agronomia, Departamento de Produção e Melhoramento Vegetal. Faculdade de Ciências Agronômica, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Rua José Barbosa de Barros, 1780. CEP: 18.610-307, Botucatu-SP - Brasil. E-mail: [email protected]. 4Doutora, Programa de Pós- graduação em Agronomia – Irrigação e Drenagem, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômica, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Avenida Universitária, 3780, CEP 18610-034, Altos do Paraíso, Botucatu-SP, [email protected].  5 Professor Associado do Departamento de Gestão, Desenvolvimento e Tecnologia da Faculdade de Ciências e Engenharia, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Avenida Domingos da Costa Lopes,780, Jardim Itaipu, 17602-496, Tupã-SP, Brasil, [email protected].  6 Professor Emérito do Departamento de Engenharia Rural da Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Avenida Universitária, 3780, CEP 18610-034, Altos do Paraíso, Botucatu-SP, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected]. 7 Professor Titular do Departamento de Solos e Recursos Ambientais da Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Avenida Universitária, 3780, CEP 18610-034, Altos do Paraíso, Botucatu-SP, Brasil, [email protected].     1 RESUMO   Este trabalho objetivou caracterizar a partir de análises físicas e químicas, o substrato de fibra de casca de coco antes e após o seu uso com a cultura do pimentão, cultivada em vasos com solução nutritiva preparada com água de reúso e água potável e diferentes lâminas de reposição dessa solução (100, 75 e 50% da evapotranspiração da cultura). O cultivo foi realizado em ambiente protegido ao longo de 175 dias, em vasos com capacidade volumétrica de 15 L, preenchidos com fibra de casca de coco. A cada 30 dias mediu-se o pH e a condutividade elétrica do substrato em laboratório. Após a colheita das plantas, foram coletadas amostras do substrato, com as quais avaliaram-se as características químicas e físicas: condutividade elétrica, pH, teores de NH4+, NO3-, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Cl, B, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, capacidade de troca catiônica (CTC), capacidade de retenção de água (10kPA) e densidade volumétrica seca. A reposição de solução nutritiva no substrato através da evapotranspiração da cultura proporcionou aumento dos teores de nutrientes, condutividade elétrica, CTC do substrato e densidade. Os maiores valores desses parâmetros foram verificados para os tratamentos cultivados com solução nutritiva preparada com água de reúso.   Palavras chave: salinização, nutrientes, água residuária, hidroponia, efluente.     CARVALHO, R. S. C.; MELO, M. R. M.; GOMES, F. G.; GABRIEL FILHO, L. R. A.; KLAR, A. E.; GRASSI FILHO, H. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF IN COCONUT HUSK FIBER SUBSTRATE AFTER THE CULTIVATION OF PEPPER IN A HYDROPONIC SYSTEM WITH WATER REUSE AND DIFFERENT DEPHTS OF NUTRIENT SOLUTION     2 ABSTRACT   This work aimed to characterize the physical and chemical characteristics of the coconut husk fiber substrate before and after its use with the pepper crop, cultivated in pots with a nutritive solution prepared with reuse and drinking water and different depths of this solution replenishment (100, 75 and 50% of crop evapotranspiration). Cultivation was conducted in pots greenhouse with a volumetric capacity of 15 L, filled with coconut husk fiber. The plants were grown for 175 days and every 30 days, the pH and electrical conductivity of the substrate were measured in the laboratory. After the plants were harvested, samples of the substrate were collected and the chemical and physical characteristics were evaluated: electrical conductivity, pH, NH4 +, NO3-, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Cl, B, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, cation exchange capacity (CTC), water retention capacity (10kPA), and dry bulk density. The replacement of the nutrient solution in the substrate through crop evapotranspiration provided an increase in nutrient content, electrical conductivity, CTC of substrate and density. The highest values for theses parameters were verified ​​for the treatments cultivated with nutritive solution prepared with water reuse.   Keywords: salinization, nutrients, wastewater, hydroponic, effluent.

scholarly journals Influence of fertilizer and hydrogel on physical-chemical attributes of substrate for seedling production

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Glauce Taís de Oliveira Sousa Azevedo ◽  
Anderson Marcos de Souza ◽  
Gileno Brito de Azevedo ◽  
Paulo Eduardo Teodoro ◽  
José Raimundo Luduvico de Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Water Retention ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Forest Nursery ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Physical Attributes ◽  
Chemical Attributes ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Different Doses

The incorporation of the hydrogel into the substrate used in the forest nursery promotes improvements in its physical-chemical attributes. However, several factors influence the hydrogel efficiency, such as the increase of salts, promoted by fertilizer of the substrate. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of the incorporation of fertilizer levels and hydrogel doses on the physical-chemical attributes of a substrate to produce forest seedlings. Different levels of basic fertilizer commonly used in the nursery (100%, 50% and 0%) and different doses of the hydrogel (0, 1, 2 and 3 g L-1) were incorporated into the substrate Tropstrato Florestal®, consisting of 12 treatments in a 3 x 4 factorial scheme. A sample of the substrate in each treatment was sent for analysis of its physical and chemical attributes. To evaluate the effect of the treatments on the physical-chemical attributes of the substrate, was used the multivariate principal components analyses. The levels of fertilizer and hydrogel doses were correlated with the attributes of the substrates obtained in each treatment. The incorporation of different fertilizer levels and hydrogel doses to the substrate modified their chemical and physical attributes. Fertilizers have influenced mainly the chemical attributes of the substrate, whereas hydrogels have influenced the physical attributes, mainly those related to water retention capacity and availability.

scholarly journals Production of kale seedlings on substrates containing proportions of organic compost

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. e58010817707
Author(s):  
José Luís Trevizan Chiomento ◽  
Isabel Cristina Lourenço da Silva ◽  
Lourival Dantas Fagundes ◽  
Rafael Tronco Homrich ◽  
Nicolas dos Santos Trentin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
The One ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Organic Compost

One of the difficulties in the kale seedlings production in containers is to ensure the production of aboveground biomass with a limited portion of roots, restricted to a small volume of substrate. Thus, we investigated whether substrates with organic compost added to it associated with kale cultivars interfere in the quality of seedlings produced in a greenhouse. Here, we studied two kale cultivars and five substrates. The experiment was designed in randomized blocks, with treatments arranged in a bifactorial scheme (2 x 5), with three replications. We carried out the physical and chemical characterization of the substrates and evaluated attributes of the aerial part and root system of the kale seedlings. The results showed that the substrate with the highest water retention was the one without the addition of organic compost. The greater the proportion of organic compound added to the substrate, the higher the nitrogen, phosphorus and organic carbon values. Seedlings produced in the substrate with greater water retention capacity had better performance in relation to the morphology of the aerial part and the morphology of the root system. We conclude that seedlings of kale cultivars associated with substrates with higher water retention have better quality. Seedlings of the ‘Gaudina’ cultivar stand out for their better phytometric morphology, while seedlings of the ‘Manteiga’ cultivar have higher quality of root biomass.

scholarly journals Microstructural changes and the effect on myofibril proteins in yamu (Brycon amazonicus) fish meat during cold storage

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Castañeda ◽  
José Manuel Lozano ◽  
Héctor Suárez
Keyword(s):  
Cold Storage ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Protein Profile ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Fish Meat ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Physical And Chemical

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of cold storage on yamu fish meat (Brycon amazonicus). The methodology consisted of analyzing two temperatures (0±1.6°C and -8±1°C), two storage periods (13 and 61 hours) and two different sources (farm and river), and determine changes in the protein profile, micro structural, physical and chemical properties (water retention capacity-WRC, pH, texture of yamu meat fillets). The micro-structural changes were observed with optical and scanning electron microscopy. The results of the image analysis of the meat microstructure showed a negative effect from cold storage on the muscle, affecting the connective tissue. Otherwise, the analysis of protein profile demonstrated protein degradation during the cold storage of the yamu meat, such as for heavy chain myosin, actin and a-actinin. In addition, the origin of the fish and the storage temperature had a significant effect on the texture changes (P<0.05); meanwhile, the storage time had a significant effect on the three technological characteris tics of the meat (WRC, pH and texture) (P<0.05). The storage temperature did not significantly affect the WRC (P>0.05).

scholarly journals Decomposition of Plantain Peel Powder and Assessment of its Effects on Soil Physical and Chemical Characteristics

2021 ◽  
pp. 11-24
Author(s):  
Alla Kouadio Théodore ◽  
Gbeze Kpata Hermann Roland ◽  
Bomisso Edson Lezin
Keyword(s):  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Thick Layer ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Sea Sand ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Physical And Chemical

This study aims at assessing the effects of plantain (Musa paradisiaca) peel powder on soil physical and chemical properties in the context of sustainable yield management. The experiment took place in the laboratory of plant physiology of the University Félix Houphouët Boigny from July to November 2020. Three designs were set up. Design 1 consisted of 20 g of plantain peel powder added to a 2-cm thick layer of sea sand. Design 2 consisted of 5 g of plantain peel powder added to 250 g of sea sand. Design 3 consisted of a homogeneous mixture of 100 g of peel powder and 200 g of rhizospheric tomato or plantain soil. The designs were regularly watered with distilled water. In the first two designs, the plantain peel powder was added according to two methods. These included surface incorporation and deep incorporation. The experiment allowed us to characterize peel powder decomposition and assess its effects on soil physicochemical parameters. The physico-chemical characteristics of the soils were subjected to a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA 1). STATICA 7.1 software was used to perform all the analyses. Analysis of the results showed that the incorporation method does not influence peel powder decomposition. This decomposition is followed by the release of colored elements. Water retention capacity as well as particle size were improved. The results showed that plantain peel powder is an important source of minerals mainly phosphorus and potassium. It emerges from this study that plantain peel could be a good organic fertilizer for profitable and environmentally friendly agriculture.

scholarly journals Extracción de Carotenos de Cáscara de Mango (Mangifera indica) con mezclas de Solventes y Extracción Asistida

Bionatura ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 01 (Bionatura Conference Serie) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Calderón ◽  
Edwin Vera
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The extraction of carotenoids with lyophilized peel of three varieties of mango was carried out as matrix: Tommy Atkins, Haden and Kent. The following physical and chemical characteristics were evaluated: color, humidity, soluble solids, pH, and water retention capacity (CRA). The Tommy Atkins variety presented the highest values of moisture, pH, soluble solids, and (CRA), while the Haden variety stands out in the content of ashes and total carotenes. It was used for the extraction of carotenes mixtures of hexane: heptane: ethanol in different concentrations where heptane was the solvent with the highest extraction performance of carotenes, with 27.24 % with regard to the method assisted by ultrasound. For the enzymatic treatment, we worked at a temperature of 35 °C, with two enzymatic cocktails with constant agitation for 30 and 60 min. The GRANOZYME PTE 100 enzyme complex had an extraction yield equal to 60.12 %. The ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) was performed in an ultrasonic processor for 10, 15 and 30 min at a power of 750 W, frequency of 20 kHz and a duty cycle of 60 % at room temperature. After 30 min, the highest extraction yields were obtained. The Haden variety is an interesting source of carotenes.

scholarly journals Quality of Heliconia psittacorum seedlings grown on different substrates

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 387
Author(s):  
Raimundo Luiz Laurinho dos Santos ◽  
José Antonio Saraiva Grossi ◽  
Rogério Gomes Pêgo ◽  
José Geraldo Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Physical Analysis ◽  
High Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Coconut Husk ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
All Treatment

The production of good seedlings depends on the quality of the matrix and propagation techniques used. In choosing a substrate should be particularly observed physical and chemical characteristics. The objective of this study was to assess the development and vigor of heliconia seedlings from Heliconia psittacorum species, grown on different substrates and mixtures. The materials that form the treatments were: burnt rice husk (RHB), vermiculite (VC), sugarcane waste burnt (SWB), subsoil (S), chicken bedding (CB), cattle manure (CM), earthworm humus (EH), coconut husk powder (CSP) and Horticultural Plantmax (HP). The treatments chosen were: 1( ⅔ CM + ⅓ CSP), 2( ⅔CM + ⅓RHB), 3( ⅔CB + ⅓ SWB), 4(CSP), 5(½VC+ ½SWB), 6(⅔ S + ⅓ CB), 7(⅓CM + ⅔SWB), 8(⅔ CM + ⅓SWB), 9(⅔CB + ⅓RHB), 10(⅓CM + ⅔RHB), 11(⅓CB + ⅔SWB), 12(⅔CB + ⅓CSP), 13(⅔EH + ⅓CSP), 14(⅔EH + ⅓SWB), 15(⅓CB + ⅔RHB), 16(⅓EH + ⅔SWB), 17(⅔EH + ⅓RHB), 18( ½VC + ½RHB), 19(S), 20(⅔ S + ⅓ CM), 21(⅔ S + ⅓ EH), 22(EH), 23(HP), 24(⅓EH + ⅔RHB). Samples of all treatment compositions were taken and carried out chemical and physical analysis. A set of ten treatments (1, 2, 5, 7, 8, 10, 14, 16, 20 and 22) basically consisting of CM EH, RHB, CSP and SWB produced the best seedlings and treatment with CB as a main component or not produced the worst seedlings due to high electrical conductivity

scholarly journals Emergence and development of Dianthus chinensis and Limonium sinuatum seedlings on commercial substrate

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. e04101119143
Author(s):  
Talita de Oliveira São José ◽  
Patrick Luan Ferreira dos Santos ◽  
Maximiliano Kawahata Pagliarini ◽  
Raíssa Pereira Dinalli Gazola ◽  
Regina Maria Monteiro de Castilho
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Expanded Polystyrene ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
State University ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
Fresh And Dry Mass

Limonium sinuatum and Dianthus chinensis are plant species of great importance in Brazilian floriculture, being propagated by seed, therefore, the characteristics of the substrates used are respectable in seedlings emergence and development process. Thus, the objective of this research was to evaluate the influence of two commercial substrates on emergence and development of Limonium sinuatum and Dianthus chinensis seedlings. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse (Pad & Fan type) at São Paulo State University. The treatments were: T1 – Basaplant® and T2 – Tropstrato®, for both species, whose seeds were germinated in expanded polystyrene trays of 128 cells, being eight replicates, containing 8 seeds/replicate. The evaluated traits were: percentage of emergence, emergence speed index, mean emergence time, shoot height, root length and seedlings fresh and dry mass. The substrate characteristics evaluated were: pH, electrical conductivity, macroporosity, microporosity, total porosity, density and water retention capacity. The experimental design was completely randomized, and data were submitted to analysis of variance to Tukey test at 5% to compare the means. The emergence of Limonium sinuatum and Dianthus chinensis were impaired, possibly due to low electrical conductivity provided by substrates. However, Basaplant® substrate favoured the development of evaluated species in relation to aerial part length, root length and total fresh and dry mass, which is recommended for using as substrate for both species.

scholarly journals Soil preparation by ploughing in the floodplain forest and its influence on vegetation and primary soil characteristics

2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 183-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Libus ◽  
O. Mauer ◽  
D. Vavříček
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Lower Layer ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Site Preparation ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Pedunculate Oak ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Soil Biological Activity ◽  
Commercial Forest ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The paper analyzes the effect of whole-area site preparation by ploughing and of alternate field and forest crops on the understorey, soil biological activity and physical and chemical characteristics in the commercial forest. Another factor of the study was to assess the effect of the clearcut size on forest stands. Analyzed were 20-years-old stands of pedunculate oak (Quercus robur [L.]) on alluvial sites 1L9 (Fraxino pannonicae-Ulmetum). It can be deduced from the conducted analyses that after twenty years neither different site preparation nor clearcut size affected the understorey and soil biological activity. Field crops and forestry in alternation had a significantly adverse effect on porosity and water-retention capacity in the lower layer of top-soil (25&ndash;30 cm). Whole-area ploughing had a negative influence on the loss of organic substances due to accelerated mineralization. Nevertheless, the observed differences are not significant; the values did not fall below critical limits and in no case did they affect other studied site parameters or the development of root systems and aboveground parts of oak trees.

Evaluation of Resistant Starch Quality from Different Types of Banana in Batter Coating Formulation to Reduce Oil Absorption in Fried Food

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-120
Author(s):  
Karissha Fritzi Della ◽  
Mutiara Pratiwi ◽  
Purwa Tri Cahyana ◽  
Maria DPT Gunawan-Puteri
Keyword(s):  
Resistant Starch ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Oil Absorption ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Fried Food ◽  
Musa Paradisiaca ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Coating Formulation

Fried food is convenient for many people due to its pleasant texture and taste. On the other hand, it comes with the risk of high oil absorption which might lead to certain health problems. Resistant starch (RS) has been known to have a functionality of reducing oil absorption. Three different types of banana: Kepok (Musa paradisiaca formatypica), Raja Bulu (Musa paradisiaca L.) and Ambon (Musa paradisiaca L. var sapientum) were evaluated on its performance when utilized as source of resistant starch especially on their application in reducing oil absorption in fried food. Tempeh was used as the food model. Banana starch (RS2) was isolated through water alkaline extraction process, continued with modification process through three repeated cycles of autoclaving-cooling process to obtain the RS3. RS3 was added into the batter coating formulation at three substitution ratios (10%, 30% and 50%) and then used to coat tempeh before frying. Evaluation of resistant starch in batter and battered productwas conducted on the following parameters: fat content, water retention capacity (WRC), coating pick up and sensory analysis. The result of this study revealed that Raja Bulu showed the most effective result on reducing oil absorption in the food tested. In the three bananas used, the ratio of 50% performed best in coating pick up (highest), WRC (highest) and fat content(lowest) parameters, but not significantly different with the 30% ratio. In terms of sensory acceptance, using Raja Bulu as the selected banana type, 30% of substitution ratio was significantly more preferable by the panelists in crispness, oiliness, and overall acceptance attributes compared to control and other substitution ratios.

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