scholarly journals Health quality and germination of Butia capitata seeds treated with bactericide and fungicide

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 303-307
Author(s):  
Vander Rocha Lacerda ◽  
◽  
Diemesson San Tiago Mendes ◽  
Fernando da Silva Rocha ◽  
Maria de Fátima Gonçalves Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Transparent Plastic ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Seed Health ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Health Quality ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Test Treatments ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACT Propagation of “coquinho-azedo” (Butia capitata) is limited due to dormancy and high incidence of fungi in its seeds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of treating “coquinho-azedo” seeds with different concentrations of bactericide and/or fungicide on the incidence of fungi and on the germination of seeds. Thus, B. capitata seeds were immersed in four doses of the bactericide kasugamycin (0, 1.5, 3.0 and 4.5 mL/L) and/or in four concentrations of the fungicide carbendazim+ thiram (0, 2.92, 5.84 e 8.75 mL/Kg), totaling 16 treatments. After the treatments, the operculum was removed from the seeds, which were placed on trays containing autoclaved sand, covered with transparent plastic film and kept in the nursery. In the germination test, treatments were distributed in randomized block design, factorial arrangement of 4x4 (bactericidal doses x fungicide doses), with four replicates of 50 seeds per plot. For the test of seed health quality, the Blotter test was employed in completely randomized design, using 20 replicates and 10 seeds. Health quality and germination were evaluated at 15 and 40 days after the treatment of seeds, respectively. There was no interaction between the bactericide and the fungicide on germination and control of fungi associated with seeds. However, there was an effect of fungicide concentrations on the evaluated parameters. We observed a negative correlation between the concentrations of the fungicide carbendazim + thiram and fungal incidence, and a positive correlation between the fungicide concentrations and seed germination. Therefore, fungicide treatment reduces the fungal incidence and provides better germination of B. capitata seeds.

scholarly journals Dicamba residues in sprayers: Phytotoxicity on non-dicamba tolerant soybean

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 573-579
Author(s):  
Matheus G. Marques ◽  
João Paulo A. R. da Cunha ◽  
Guilherme S. Alves
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Visual Estimation ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatograph ◽  
Liquid Chromatograph ◽  
Risk Of Injury ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the dicamba residue after cleanout procedures in sprayers with different tank materials (fiberglass and polyethylene) and its effects on the symptomology of non-dicamba tolerant (DT) soybean. The experiment consisted of spraying rinsates collected during a cleanout of boom sprayers on non-DT soybean at the V3 stage. Once the dicamba solution was mixed in the sprayer tank and sprayed, four rinses were made, and for each rinse, a sample was collected. The dicamba residue analyses in each rinse solution were conducted in a completely randomized design with three replicates in a 2 × 4 factorial scheme, corresponding to two sprayer tank materials (fiberglass and polyethylene) and four rinses, using High-Performance Liquid Chromatograph (HPLC). The evaluation of the potential risk of injury on non-DT soybean caused by dicamba residue was conducted in a randomized block design with four replicates and a 2 × 4 + 1 factorial scheme, corresponding to two types of sprayer tank material (fiberglass and polyethylene), four rinses, and control (without application). The dicamba was effectively removed using at least three rinses regardless of spray tank material. Fiberglass tank sprayer retained more residue in the first rinsate, but similar to polyethylene tank sprayer in the following rinses. Plant height was reduced by spraying rinsates collected from the first rinse regardless of tank material. In contrast, visual estimation of injury and reduced yield were observed due to the rinsate application collected from the first and second rinses.

scholarly journals Okra seedlings production in protected environment, testing substrates and producing fruits in field

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 08-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edilson Costa ◽  
Taynara G de Souza ◽  
Gleciane de L Benteo ◽  
Katiane SS Benett ◽  
Cleiton GS Benett
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Joint Analysis ◽  
State University ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Hot Weather ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul

The okra grows well in hot weather, finding favorable conditions for development in Brazil. We evaluated the production of okra seedlings and productivity. The experiment was conducted in the experimental area of the State University of Mato Grosso do Sul, in Aquidauana. In the seedling phase we tested substrates (100% triturated cassava stems, 75% triturated cassava stems and 25% vermiculite, 50% triturated cassava stems and 50% vermiculite, 25% triturated cassava stems and 75% vermiculite and 100% vermiculite). These substrates were placed in two protected environments (nursery with black screen, 50% of shading, and aluminized screen, 50% of shading). Each environment was considered an experiment conducted in completely randomized design with eight replications. After that we realized joint analysis. In the field, a total of 10 treatments generated from combinations of environments and substrates (2 environments x 5 substrates) were distributed in a randomized block design with four replications. The average proportions of cassava stems and vermiculite may be suitable for okra seedlings. The results of shoot and total dry phytomass indicate that the aluminized screen can be recommended for okra seedlings production when the substrate with a 1:1 ratio is used. Seedlings grown on higher percentages of vermiculite anticipate production, while seedlings produced only in cassava stems tend to slow it down. The aluminized screen tends to increase the yield of okra seedlings. Average proportions of vermiculite and cassava stems for seedling production under aluminized screen, provide more fruits and yield of okra in Aquidauana.

scholarly journals Advanced lines of Jalapeño pepper with potential for mechanical harvesting

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Matias Gomes ◽  
Cláudia Silva da Costa Ribeiro ◽  
Carlos Francisco Ragassi ◽  
Lorena Sousa Silva ◽  
Francisco José Becker Reifschneider
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Fruit Characteristics ◽  
Selected Lines ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Plant Characteristics ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to evaluate the plant and fruit characteristics in advanced lines of Jalapeño pepper for mechanical harvesting. Thus, two experiments were carried out in the field. Experiment I (2015) was conducted as a randomized block design (three replications and eight plants per plot) and Experiment II (2016) in a completely randomized design (five replications and ten plants per plot). In 2015, lines CNPH 30,112, CNPH 30,118, CNPH 30,147, CNPH 30,159, CNPH 30,183, and CNPH 30,245 were evaluated, together with the control ‘BRS Sarakura’. Significant differences were detected for fruit and plant characteristics (P<0.05). Lines CNPH 30,118, CNPH 30,147, CNPH 30,159, and CNPH 30,245 were selected based on plant height and height of the first bifurcation, earliness, and yield. They were evaluated again in 2016, together with ‘BRS Sarakura’ and ‘Jalapeño Plus F1’ as controls. In 2016, CNPH 30,159 and CNPH 30,118 were selected due to their potential for mechanical harvesting. They were evaluated for height of the first bifurcation (>10cm), large fruits (11 cm x 4 cm), high pulp firmness (11 N), wall thickness (about 5mm), and content of capsaicinoid substances (>50,000 SHU). Selected lines are undergoing additional field evaluation for mechanical harvesting with the Etgar Moses 1010 pepper harvester.

scholarly journals KUALITAS KIMIA DAN ORGANOLEPTIK BURGER IKAN TUNA YANG DISUBTITUSI DENGAN TEPUNG BUAH MENGKUDU (Morinda citrifolia)

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Evi Huzaibah ◽  
Asrawaty Asrawaty ◽  
Minarny Gobel
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Experimental Treatment ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Morinda Citrifolia ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Effect Of Treatment ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Tapioca Flour

The purpose of this research is to know the effect of addition of noni flour as substitution of tapioca flour to protein content, moisture content, and ash content and organoleptic nature of tuna burger. This study used Completely Randomized Design (RAL) and Randomized Block Design (RAK). The experimental treatment were: B1 (0% noni flour + 15% tapioca flour), B2 (2.5% noni flour + 12.5% tapioca flour), B3 (5% noni flour + 10% tapioca flour), B4 7.5% noni flour + 7.5% tapioca flour). To know the effect of treatment, then the analysis of variance and if the treatment has real effect continued with BNT advanced test. Based on the result of the research, it can be concluded that the addition of noni flour as substitution of tapioca flour to 7.5% can increase the protein tuna burger protein by 14.87%, moisture content 71.07% and ash content 2.07%, and aroma, taste, color, and texture are relatively the same on all treatments

scholarly journals Weed Control in Tomato through Mulching Approaches

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Zabihullah Rahmani ◽  
Shah Mahmoud Faqiri ◽  
Ahmad Jawid Muradi
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Barley Straw ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Transparent Plastic ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Black Plastic ◽  
And Control

The objective of this study is to evaluate effect of different types of mulches on weed control and yield of tomato in the farm of Agriculture, Livestock and Irrigation Department were conducted in the year 2019. The method for study is completely randomized block design with three replications and four treatments such as transparent plastic, black plastic, barley straw and control (without mulch). According to the study, the control treatment, black plastic mulches were a significant effect on the number of weeds and yield of tomatoes. The maximum yields were 48.05 (ton/ha) in black plastic and the minimum yields were 19 (ton/ha) in control mulch. The present work suggests that the application of different types of mulches can be an effective method to reduce the number of weeds in a tomato farm. The black plastic mulch is recommended due to increase in the yield of tomato and also an effective practice on controlling the weeds.

scholarly journals Diseños experimentales e investigación científica

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. Badii, ◽  
M. Castillo Rodríguez ◽  
A. Wong ◽  
P. Villalpando
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Experimental Designs ◽  
Design Experiment ◽  
Experiment Research ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Plot Design

Key words: Design, experiment, research, scienceAbstract. The basics of the experimental designs are noted. Different features of common types of experimental designs such as the completely randomized design, the randomized block design, the Latin Square design, the split plot design and the factorial design are described. Each experimental design is illustrated by an example using real data. The application of experimental designs to the scientific research is discussed.Palabras claves: Ciencia, diseño, experimento, investigaciónResumen. Se describen los fundamentos de los diseños experimentales. Se explican las distintas características de los diseños experimentales del uso común, tales como el diseño completamente aleatorio, e diseño de bloques al azar, el diseño de cuadro latino, el diseño de parcelas divididas y el de factorial. Para cada diseño se presenta un ejemplo con los datos reales del campo. Se discute la aplicación de estos diseños en relación con la investigación científica.

scholarly journals IDENTIFIKASI FENOTIPIK GALUR-GALUR KEDELAI TERHADAP KETAHANAN SERANGAN HAMA ULAT GRAYAK (SPODOPTERA LITURA F.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 180
Author(s):  
Gatut Wahyu Anggoro Susanto ◽  
Moh. Muchlish Adie
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Breeding Line ◽  
Biological Aspect ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Soybean Resistance ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Phenotypic identification of soybean lines against armyworm pest resistance (Spodoptera litura F). This research consisted of two parts which aimed to find out the intensity of damage to the leaves and the influence of soybean on the biological aspect of armyworms. The materials tested were Shr/W-C-60, Aochi/Wil-60, 9837/K-D-8-185, 9837/K-D-3-185-95, W/9837-D- 6-220, 9837/K-D-3-185-82, 9837/W-D-5-211, GI, G100H breeding lines and Wilis varieties. The research was conducted at a Balitkabi screenhouse in February 2011, using randomized block design and each treatment was replicated three times. The planting media were plastic pots (diameter 18 cm) filled with earth, two seeds per pot were planted and intensively raised. When the plants were 27 days old after planting, at each replication consisting of 10 materials, they were covered with gauze cages (2 x 2 x 2 m). Then the plants in each pot was infested with 10 instar I armyworm larvae. The other part of research was carried out in Balitkabi Breeding Improvement Laboratory. For testing purposes, there was a need for a third nodal leaf of soybean aged 27 days after planting in each tested material. The research used a completely randomized design each treatment was replicated three times. One nodal leaf in each material was placed in a petri dish 15 cm in diameter, which was coated with moist filter paper, and this was later called treatment. Each treatment was infested with one instar I armyworm larva. The result of research indicated that an assessment of soybean resistance to armyworms could be made from the density of the trichome and/or the length of the trichome on the leaves. The G100H breeding line was found to be resilient with its characteristics of having dense trichome (25/4 mm2) and long trichome (1.1 mm).

scholarly journals Chemical composition and in vitro gas production of cassava peel silage using different preservatives

2021 ◽  
Vol 888 (1) ◽  
pp. 012052
Author(s):  
A D Kartika ◽  
Kusmartono ◽  
Mashudi ◽  
PH Ndaru
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
In Vitro Gas Production ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Cassava Peel

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effects of using different types and levels of preservatives on chemical composition and in vitro gas production (IVGP) of cassava peel silage. The following treatments were applied: T0: cassava peel without preservative; T1: T0 + molasses 2%; T2: T0 + molasses 4%; T3: T0 + rice bran 2%; T4: T0 + rice bran 4%; T5: T0 + cassava meal 2% and T6:T0 + cassava meal 4% with 3 replications arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) for the chemical composition variable and randomized block design (RBD) for IVGP variable. The results showed that treatments significantly affected (P<0.01) DM, OM, and EE contents, significantly affected (P<0,05) IVGP but did not significantly affect CP, CF contents, potential, and rate of gas production (P>0.05). Treatment T5 seems to have higher values of IVGP and ME (159.1±7.19 ml/500 mgDM; 11.1±0.36MJ/kg DM, respectively) compared to the other treatments that might have related to a higher OM available for in vitro fermentation process. It can be concluded that the use of cassava meal at 2% level can be considered as the most ideal preservative to use to produce a high-quality cassava peel silage.

scholarly journals Method of using increasing levels of substitution of the basal diet by test feedstuffs in pig digestibility trials

2012 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 1265-1274
Author(s):  
L.M. Piano ◽  
I. Moreira ◽  
C. Scapinello ◽  
P.L.O. Carvalho ◽  
J.B. Toledo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Pig Performance

Two experiments were carried out to study the methodology of using increasing levels of substitution of the basal diet with fibrous test feedstuffs (sticky coffee hull - SCH) in digestibility trials with pigs. In Experiment 1, a digestibility trial was conducted using 30 crossbred barrows, allotted in a randomized block design. In Experiment 2, 42 growing and 42 finishing pigs were used, allotted in a completely randomized design, with six diets and seven replicates, with one animal per experimental unit. The six diets consisted of: a control diet, four diets using SCH ME values as obtained in Experiment 1 plus a diet using SCH ME value estimated by linear regression equation for 15% substitution. The digestibility study indicated that the use of increasing levels of substitution (7, 14, 21 and 28%) reduced SCH digestibility. ME values, as-fed basis, were 2,456, 2,377, 2,247 and 1,945kcal/kg. The overall results indicate that higher levels of substitution overestimate the energy value and that the method of increasing levels of substitution of the basal diet with feedstuffs test can be used to more accurately estimate the energy values of fibrous feedstuffs for pigs. For growing and finishing pigs respectively, up to 28% and 15% of sticky coffee hull can be used without impairing pig performance and economic feasibility.

scholarly journals Morphological and Flowering Characteristics of Shallot (Allium cepa Var. Aggregatum) in Response to Gibberellic Acid and Vernalization

2021 ◽  
pp. 388
Author(s):  
Marlin Marlin ◽  
Hartal Hartal ◽  
Atra Romeida ◽  
Reny Herawati ◽  
Marulak Simarmata
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
The Other ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Flowering Ability

Shallot plants have variations in morphological and flowering characters.  Flowering ability can be induced by the treatment of gibberellic acid (GA3) and exposing to cold temperature (vernalization). The objectives of the research were to determine the effect of GA3 and vernalization on the morphological and flowering characters of 5 shallot varieties. Field study was organized in a completely randomized block design with three replications to evaluate the responses of 5 varieties of shallots (Bauji, Bima Brebes, Super Philip, Tajuk, and Thailand) to GA3 with the concentrations ranged from zero to 150 mg L-1. Plants were maintained for 65 days until harvesting. The second study was organized in a completely randomized design with 3 replications to evaluate the responses of the five varieties of shallot to vernalization.  The vernalization of shallot bulbs were done at 8 o C for 6 weeks. The results indicated that a Super Phillip variety showed the highest response to GA3 observed in the number of leaves and bulbs.  At 100 mg L-1 of GA3 increased the plant height up to 45.74 cm.  The results from the second study showed that vernalization was effective to increase flowering only on the Ilokos variety. But the other varieties were not sensitive to vernalization.  Based on morphological and flowering characters, 5 varieties of shallots were clustered into 3 groups, namely: sensitive flowering included Bentanis, Bma Brebes and Tajuk variety, medium sensitive flowering included Ilokos variety, and non-sensitive flowering included Sumenep variety.

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