scholarly journals Concentrate intake and performance of dairy calves subjected to programs of supplementary lighting

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gledson Luiz Pontes de Almeida ◽  
Héliton Pandorfi ◽  
Fátima Baptista ◽  
Cristiane Guiselini ◽  
Marcelo de Andrade Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exposure Time ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Dairy Calves ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Roofing Material ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Supplementary Lighting ◽  
Roofing Materials ◽  
Milk Feeding

ABSTRACT: This research aimed to assess Girolando calves’ concentrate intake and performance when placed in shelters with distinct roofing materials and programs of supplementary lighting during the milk-feeding stage. In order to so, we used a completely randomized design with a 3×3 factorial arrangement, with three replications. Females Girolando calves (n=27) were assigned in individual shelters at random with 3 different roofing materials (fiber cement tile, recycled tile and thatched roofs) and subjected to three lighting programs (12, 16 and 20 hours). No interaction was observed between roofing material and lighting programs, whilst no significant effect (P>0.05) was observed among the roofing materials. The supplementary lighting, by providing greater light exposure time, has stimulated intake and therefore, significantly affected (P<0.05) the concentrate intake and performance of the animals that were subjected to 20 hours of light.

scholarly journals Efficiency of use of supplementary lighting in rearing of dairy calves during milk feeding stage

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 989-995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gledson L. P. de Almeida ◽  
Héliton Pandorfi ◽  
Fátima Baptista ◽  
Cristiane Guiselini ◽  
Vasco F. da Cruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dairy Calves ◽  
Feeding Period ◽  
Light Duration ◽  
Supplementary Lighting ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Roofing Materials ◽  
Average Consumption ◽  
Milk Feeding

ABSTRACTThe objective of this study was to evaluate programs of supplementary lighting for calves in individual shelters with different roof materials, as a strategy to stimulate concentrate consumption and the reduction of the milk feeding period and increase financial viability. Twenty seven dairy crossed Holstein × Gir female calves were randomly distributed in individual shelters with three different roofing materials (cement fiber tile, recycled tile and thatched roofs), associated with three different light duration (12, 16 and 20 h) and with three repetitions. The experimental design was completely randomized in 3 × 3 factorial arrangement. There was no interaction between the types of roofs × supplemental light; also, there was no significant effect of the covering types on the average consumption of concentrate and occurance of diarrhea in calves. On the other hand 20 h of lighting stimulated the consumption of concentrate and allowed weaning of calves at 55 days of age and 20% reduction in the cost of rearing animals during milk feeding stage.

scholarly journals Ewe maternal behavior score to estimate lamb survival and performance during lactation

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreia Barros de Moraes ◽  
Cesar Henrique Espírito Candal Poli ◽  
Vivian Fischer ◽  
Neuza Maria Fajardo ◽  
Marta Farias Aita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Maternal Behavior ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Low Weight ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Presence Of People ◽  
Filial Behavior

Mortality of perinatal lambs and low weight at weaning cause huge liabilities to farmers. Current study describes maternal-filial behavior and evaluates the use of maternal behavior score (MBS) to estimate the behavior of ewes and lambs soon after birth, and correlate it with lamb mortality and performance during lactation. Thirty-seven Corriedale ewes were used in a completely randomized design. MBS was assessed up to 24 hours after birth, taking into consideration the distance of the ewe from the lamb at the approach of a person. Maternal behavior, placental weight, weight gain of the lambs until weaning and their survival rate were also evaluated until two hours after lambing. More than 90% of the ewes had adequate maternal behavior, with parental care, even though ewes were very sensitive to the presence of people. There was no significant correlation between MBS and maternal behavior, lamb mortality rate and live weight gain. Under these conditions, MBS was not a useful tool to estimate maternal behavior and performance of lambs. 

scholarly journals Penggunaan Kulit Nanas Fermentasi dalam Ransum yang Mengandung Gulma Berkhasiat Obat Terhadap Konsumsi Nutrient Ayam Broiler

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Wasir Ibrahim ◽  
Rita Mutia ◽  
Nurhayati Nurhayati ◽  
Nelwida Nelwida ◽  
Berliana Berliana
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Pineapple Peel ◽  
Nutrient Consumption ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
And Performance

ABSTRAK. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penggunaan kulit nanas fermentasi ke dalam ransum yang mengandung gulma berkhasiat obat terhadap konsumsi nutrient ayam broiler. Penelitian ini menggunakan DOC jantan strain cob umur 2 hari sebanyak 200 ekor yang dipelihara selama 42 hari. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. P0 = 0% tepung kulit nanas fermentasi (TKNF) dalam ransum mengandung 0% gulma obat(GO), (kontrol positif), P1 = 0% TKNF dalam ransum mengandung 2 % gulma obat (GO),(kontrol negatif), P2 = 7.5% TKNF dalam ransum mengandung 2 % gulma berkhasiat obat, P3 = 15% TKNF dalam ransum mengandung 2 % gulma berkhasiat obat, P4 = 22.5% TKNF dalam ransum mengandung 2 % gulma berkhasiat obat. Parameter yang diamati kandungan gizi kulit nanas sebelum dan sesudah fermentasi dan konsumsi nutrient. Pengaruh yang nyata terhadap parameter yang diamati dilanjutkan dengan Uji Jarak Berganda Duncan, Data yang diperoleh dari setiap parameter dianalisis ragam (ANOVA) menggunakan bantuan software SPSS 16.0. Dari hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan kulit nanas yang fermentasi dengan yoghurt dalam ransum yang mengandung gulma berkhasiat obat pada taraf 15% memberikan hasil terbaik pada konsumsi nutrient ayam broiler. (Fermented pineapple peel supplementation with addition of medicinal weeds on nutrient intake consumption of broiler chicken) ABSTRACT. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of using fermented pineapple peel in the ration containing medicinal weeds on nutrient consumption and performance of broiler . Two hundred 2 days male broiler chicken cob strain were used in this study and kept for 42 days. Completely randomized design (CRD)was applied with 5 treatments and 5 replicates. Treatments consisted of P0 = 0% of fermented pineapple peels meal (FPPM) in ration containing 0% medicinal weed (MW), positive control). P1 = 0% of fermented pineapple peels meal (FPPM) in the ration containing 2 % medicinal weed (MW), negative control). P2 = 7.5% of FPPM in the ration containing 2 % medicinal weed (MW). P3 = 15% of FPPM in the ration containing 2 % medicinal weed (MW). P4 = 22,5% of FPPM in the ration containing 2 % medicinal weed (MW). The parameters measured was nutrien intake before and after fermented peel and consumption. The observed data were analyzed by statistical product and service solution (SPSS 16.0). Results showed that use of fermented pineapple peel meal up to 15% with addition medicinal weeds was the best on nutrient consumption of broiler chicken.

Physiology and bromatology of Oryctolagus cunicullus L. 1758 fed browse legume with enzyme levels

Agro-Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
A.M. Ogungbesan ◽  
O.E. Fasina ◽  
E.O. Alagbe ◽  
O.O. Eniolorunda
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Gliricidia Sepium ◽  
Performance Indices ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Nutritional Benefits ◽  
Dietary Treatments

The objective of this experiment was to determine the effects of feeding rabbits with Maxigrain® (M) enzyme supplemented Gliricidia sepium leaf meal (GLM) on their physiology, performance characteristics, and nutrients digestibility. Twenty weaned rabbits of mixed sexes, 5-6 weeks old, were randomly allotted to five dietary treatments including 0 g M which was soybean without M (control) and GLM supplemented with M at 50, 100, 150 and 200 g M per kilogramme of GLM. There were four rabbits per treatment and one rabbit as replicate in a completely randomized design. There were no significant (p > 0.05) treatment effects in all physiological and performance indices as well as those of crude fat, fibre and NFE digestibilities. There were variations (p < 0.05) due to the treatment effects on dry matter, crude protein and ash digestiblities. This implies that the feeding of soft faeces directly from the caecum called coprophagy mechanism in rabbits has its concomitant nutritional benefits. This advantageous benefit can enable rabbit to effectively and efficiently utilize forage or forage-based diet with or without enzyme supplementation.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Arah dan Tebal Irisan Rimpang Terhadap Rendemen Flavonoid, Berat Kering dan Performa Simplisia Umbi Garut (Maranta arundinacea L.) Setelah Pengeringan

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-137
Author(s):  
Devi Ermawati ◽  
Erma Prihastanti ◽  
Endah Dwi Hastuti
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Combination Treatment ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Natural Material ◽  
Slice Thickness ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
And Performance

Simplisia merupakan bahan alami sebagai bahan pembuatan obat yang belum mengalami pengolahan. Pengirisan merupakan salah satu tahap penting dalam pembuatan bahan simplisia untuk mempermudah dalam proses pengepakan, penyimpanan dan penggilingan. Pengirisan dapat dilakukan secara melintang atau membujur. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh arah dan tebal irisan rimpang terhadap rendemen flavonoid, berat kering dan performa simplisia umbi garut (Maranta arundinaceaL.) setelah pengeringan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium BSF Tumbuhan UNDIP. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola faktorial 2X2 dengan perlakuan kombinasi ketebalan (3 mm dan 5 mm) dan arah irisan (membujur dan melintang). Parameter penelitian meliputi berat kering dan performa simplisia yang meliputi warna, kekerasan, dan aroma pada simplisia kering. Analisis data menggunakan Anova dengan taraf kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan arah irisan berpengaruh terhadap berat kering simplisia, sedangkan interaksi antara tebal dan arah irisan tidak berpengaruh terhadap berat kering simplisia umbi garut. Arah irisan berpengaruh terhadap berat kering dan performa simplisia umbi garut, tebal irisan berpengaruh terhadap rendemen flavonoid. Crude simplisia is natural material for making medicine, which has not undergo processing, packing, drying and saving. Slicing is an important step in making medicine because in this process the loss of some parts could ease the process of packing and milling. Slicing could be done diagonally or longitudinally. A Different way of slicing could affect this simplisia. This study aimed to examine the influence of slicing direction, the thickness of slices, and its combination on the dry weight and the performance of arrowroot. This research was conducted in the Laboratory of BSF Tumbuhan UNIDIP. The design used was Completely Randomized Design with combination treatment of thickness (3mm and 5mm) and slice direction (diagonally and longitudinally). The parameter of this research used dry weight by weighing after the drying process and the performance (by measuring color, hardness, and the aroma of dried simplisia). The data analysis used Analysis of Variance. The findings showed that slice direction influenced the weight loss on simplisia, but the interaction did not influence on the dry weight of arrowroot simplisia. Slice direction affects dry weight and performance of arrowroot simplicia, slice thickness affects flavonoid yield. 

Cold housing and computer-controlled milk feeding for dairy calves: behaviour and performance

1993 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Bøe ◽  
Ø. Havrevoll
Keyword(s):  
Activity Rhythm ◽  
Dairy Calves ◽  
Body Contact ◽  
Feeding Group ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Computer Controlled ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Milk Feeding ◽  
Group 1

AbstractIn each of two experiments, 36 3 to 5-day-old dairy calves (male and female), were allotted to one of three groups: warm housing, milk feeding in teat-buckets twice a day (group 1); warm housing and computer-controlled milk feeding (group 2); and cold housing and computer-controlled milk feeding (group 3). The experiments were conducted from September until February. The daily gain in the first 4 weeks was lower for the calves in group 3 in both experiments and for calves in group 2 in experiment 2 because of lower food intake in this period. This was compensated for by an increased gain later. In spite of the different method of milk feeding, the activity rhythm was nearly equal among groups, but at week 6 and 10 the calves in group 1 spent more time with the head over the feeding table than the calves in the two other groups. The number of unrewarded visits per calf to the milk feeding station decreased from over 30 at week 4 to around 20 shortly before weaning. The frequency of sucking/licking pen-mates was almost negligible in all groups. In order to reduce the heat loss, the frequency of calves lying with body contact clearly increased by decreasing ambient temperature in cold housing.

scholarly journals PEMANFAATAN PANGAN LOKAL UNTUK PRODUKSI TORTILLA FUNGSIONAL BERBASIS LABU KUNING

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-59
Author(s):  
If'all If'all ◽  
Mappiratu Mappiratu ◽  
Syahraeni Kadir
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
Food Substance ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Other Substances ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
And Performance

Pumpkin is a source of nutrition potential to be developed as an alternative food substance by processing it to form processed food such as snack in addition to serving it as steamed, boiled, fried, and baked food or cooking it with other substances.  Pumpkin contains 78.77% carbohydrate, 3.74% protein, 1.34% fat, and 2.80% raw fiber.  The research aimed at studying the chemical and organoleptic qualities of pumpkin based tortilla produced from the best ratio of pumpkin, cassava and sweet potato.  The research used a Completely Randomized design with a single factor of various weights of pumpkin addition.  The treatment tested were seven levels of pumpkin weights including 500 g, 750 g, 1000 g, 1250 g, 1500 g, 1750 g and 2000 g.  Each treatment was replicated thrice; therefore, there were 21 experimental units.  Parameter tested were chemical characteristics of the tortilla such as carotene content, water content and ash content, and organoleptic quality including color, aroma, taste, crisp and performance of the tortilla.  The research results showed that the pumpkin significantly affected all chemical characteristics and all organoleptic qualities except aroma quality.  The contents of carotene, water and ash increased with raising pumpkin weights.  The level of panelists’ predilection on tortilla decreased with increasing use of pumpkin.  The ratio of 1000 g of pumpkin to 1000 g cassava and 250 g sweet potato fluor was the best formula for producing the best tortilla chemical and organoleptic qualities.

scholarly journals 57 Effects of rest period prior to processing on growth and performance during the receiving period in feedlot heifers

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 152-152
Author(s):  
Zachary Buessing ◽  
A J Tarpoff ◽  
Miles Theurer ◽  
Tom Jones ◽  
Cassandra K Jones
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Rest Period ◽  
State University ◽  
Subsequent Performance ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Mixed Breed ◽  
Transport Stress ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Kansas State University ◽  
And Performance

Abstract Cattle feeders work to decrease the severity of transport stress. The objective of this experiment was to determine how the time of rest prior to processing impacts subsequent performance in feedlot heifers during the receiving period. Eighty mixed-breed heifers (250 ± 4.2 kg BW) were purchased at live auction in Oklahoma City, OK and transported to the Kansas State University Manhattan. Heifers were allotted in a completely randomized design to one of four treatments, then processed at 0, 6, 24, or 48 hours after arrival. After all cattle were processed, they were placed in individual pens, where daily DMI, refusals, and health outcomes were evaluated twice daily. Cattle were individually weighed on d 0, 14, and 35. Data were analyzed using the GLIMMIX procedure of SAS (v. 9.4, Cary, NC). Time of processing did not impact (P &gt; 0.10) heifer body weight or ADG. Overall, there was a linear inverse relationship between DMI and time at rest (P = 0.027) from d 0 to 14. The same pattern was observed overall, from d 0 to 35 (P = 0.027). Time of rest prior to processing impacted (P = 0.038) the proportion of heifers that reached a target of 2.5% DMI per BW by 14 days after arrival (25, 60, 53, and 24% of cattle with 0, 6, 24, or 48 hours of rest, respectively). While G:F and morbidity did not differ among treatments (P &gt; 0.10), mortality increased linearly (P = 0.026) with increasing time of rest. This study suggests that allowing feedlot heifers to rest after arrival for more than 24 hours before processing may negatively affect subsequent DMI, but without substantially altering body weight or ADG in calves fed in individual pens; additional research in traditional feedlot group-housed pens and environment is warranted to further evaluate these effects.

scholarly journals Effect of Ethylene Glycol Concentration and Length of Exposure on In Vitro Fertility of Bovine Oocyte

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Wahjuningsih ◽  
Suhartojo Hardjopranjoto ◽  
Sutiman Bambang Sumitro
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Exposure Time ◽  
Fertility Rate ◽  
Fertility Level ◽  
Bovine Oocyte ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Lower Fertility ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Bovine Oocytes

The purpose of the study was to determine the influence of the concentration of ethylene glycol (EG) and length of exposure to levels of bovine oocytes in vitro fertility. This research was conducted using a completely randomized design factorial 5x3 with 7 replicates. The first factor was the concentration of cryoprotectants EG 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50%. The second factor was the length of exposure 1, 3, and 5 minutes. The results showed that the concentration of EG and the length of exposure were effect on fertilized oocytes (P0.05). The level of oocytes in vitro fertility after vitrification in 30% EG and long exposure to 3 minutes did not different (P0.05) compared to fresh oocytes, while the EG treatment 10, 20, 40, and 50% significantly showed a lower fertility rate than the 30% EG (P0.05). It was concluded that the concentration of EG and length of exposure were effect on fertilized oocytes. The highest oocytes in vitro fertility level were found in 30% EG concentration with 3 minutes exposure time.

scholarly journals Efek Penambahan Minuman Air Jeruk Sambal (Citrus Microcarpa) Terhadap Performa Broiler

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-228
Author(s):  
D. Setiawan ◽  
R. Adisti
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Commercial Feed ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
And Performance

This research aim to determine the effect of native orange (Citrus microcarpa) to drink water on body weight, feed consumtion and FCR (feed convertion rate). The variables in this study were body weight, feed consumption and feed conversion in broiler. The used materials were day old chick (DOC) strain CP707 as many as 80 birds, were placed in cages with size of (5,5 x 2,5 x 2 m) is partitioned into 20 units an each unit in the experiment with the contents of 4 chickens. Feed used is commercial feed. The method used completely randomized design (CRD), with 4 treatment and 5 replications. with level treatment P0 (commercial feed and 0% native orange for 1 L water), P1 (commercial feed and 0,4 native orange for 1 L water), P2 (commercial feed and 0,8% native oramge for 1 L water) and P3 (commercial feed and 1,2% native orange for 1 L water). Data were analyzed using analysis of variance at level 5% and followed by honesty significant different (HSD). The result showed treatment not significant with body weight, feed consumtion  and FCR (feed convertion rate). Conclusion increment native orange to drink water not significantly on body weight, feed consumtion and FCR (feed convertion rate). Keyword: Citrus microcarpa, Broiler and Performance

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