scholarly journals Antioxidant activity and phenol content of extracts of bark, stems, and young and mature leaves from Blepharocalyx salicifolius (Kunth) O. Berg

2016 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 898-904 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Habermann ◽  
M. Imatomi ◽  
F. C. Pontes ◽  
S. C. J. Gualtieri
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Phenol Content ◽  
Mature Leaves ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Young Leaves

Abstract Phenolic compounds are a group of plant secondary metabolites known to have a variety of bioactivities, including the ability to function as antioxidants. Because of the side effects of the use of synthetic substances, the search for natural and less toxic compounds has increased significantly. This study was designed to evaluate the antioxidant activity and phenol content of hexane, ethyl acetate, and aqueous extracts of the bark (suber) and stems as well as the young and mature leaves of Blepharocalyx salicifolius. The extracts were obtained by extraction with organic solvents and subsequent fractionation by chromatographic partition coefficient. Preliminary tests for the presence of antioxidants were performed using bioautography in thin-layer chromatography. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was assessed using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method, and the phenol content of the extracts was quantified using the Folin-Ciocalteu technique. The results showed that 9 of the 12 extracts evaluated displayed very strong antioxidant activity and three displayed moderate activity. Aqueous extracts of the young leaves and bark and the ethyl acetate extract of the young leaves showed the highest levels of antioxidant activity and total phenolic content (TPC). A correlation was observed between TPC and antioxidant activity index (AAI) with a correlation coefficient (r2) of 0.7999. Thus, the high phenol content of B. salicifolius extracts and its correlation with antioxidant activity provide substrates for further studies.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Secondary Metabolites and Antioxidant Activity of Water, Ethyl Acetate and Hexane Fractions from the Mangrove Young Leaves Sonneratia alba

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-32
Author(s):  
Verly Dotulong ◽  
Djuhria Wonggo ◽  
Lita A. D. Y. Montolalu
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Water Fraction ◽  
Sonneratia Alba ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Young Leaves

The fractions from young leaves of mangrove Sonneratia alba was studied for its associated secondary metabolites and antioxidant activities. The objective of this study was to determine the secondary metabolite components and antioxidant activity of water, ethyl acetate, and hexane fractions of the young leaves of mangrove S. alba. The fraction was obtained from dry powder of young leaf S.alba using continuous fractionation of crude extracts. The crude extract was attained by 2 extraction methods (soxhlet and maceration) and 2 extraction solvents (methanol and ethanol). Secondary metabolites analyses were qualitatively conducted to detect the presence or absence of phenols, flavonoid, tannin, steroid, triterpenoid and alkaloid. Total phenols were measured using Folin Ciocalteau reagents and gallic acid standard curves whereas antioxidant activity were analyzed using DPPH method (1- 1-diphenil-2-picrihydrasil). Results showed that all fractions contained secondary metabolite components tested. The highest rendement was found in the water fraction fromsoxhletation extract with methanol (6.36±0.29%). The total phenol values were found the highest in the ethylacetatefraction from macerated extract with ethanol (352±9.77 mgGAE/g). Stronger antioxidant activity was also found in ethylacetate  fraction as indicated by the small value of IC50 DPPH namely the ethylacetate fraction with soxhletation extract with ethanol  (3.43±0.25 µg / mL). The results of this study indicate that the semipolar fraction (ethylacetate fraction) has more potential as a source of natural antioxidants.

scholarly journals Aktivitas Antioksidan Fenolik Total Ekstrak Kulit Biji Jengkol (Archidendron Jiringa (Jack) I. C. Nielsen)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-78
Author(s):  
Misri Yanty Lubis ◽  
Lamek Marpaung ◽  
Muhammad Pandapotan Nasution ◽  
Partomuan Simanjuntak
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Phenolic Antioxidant ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Skin Extract ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
High Antioxidant Activity ◽  
X 24

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menentukan aktivitas antioksidan fenolik total dari ekstrak kulit biji jengkol. Kulit biji jengkol dalam bentuk serbuk yang sudah dikering angin anginkan selama 1x24 jam dimaserasi dengan metanol selama 1x24 jam. Ekstrak yang diperoleh dilarutkan dengan air secara berulang-ulang dan kemudian fraksi air dipartisi dengan etil asetat berulang-ulang. Selanjutnya ekstrak pekat dilarutkan dengan metanol dan diparitsi dengan n-heksan untuk memperoleh fenolik total. Metode DPPH digunakan untuk menentukan aktivitas antioksidan. Nilai IC 50 yang diperoleh adalah 11,7987. Nilai ini menunjukkan aktivitas antioksidan yang cukup tinggi.   This study was conducted to determine the total phenolic antioxidant activity of jengkol seed skin extract. Jengkol seed slayer in the form of powder that had been dried for 1 x 24 hours macerated with methanol for 1 x 24 hours. The extract was dissolved with water repeatedly and then the fraction of water was partitioned with ethyl acetate repeatedly. Then the concentrated extract was dissolved with methanol and paritized with n-hexane to obtain the total phenolic. The DPPH method was used to determine antioxidant activity. The IC 50 value obtained was 11.7987. This value showed quite high antioxidant activity.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Activity and Total Flavonoid of Carica papaya L. Leaves with Different Varieties, Maturity and Solvent

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatma Zuhrotun Nisa ◽  
Mary Astuti ◽  
Sofia Mubarika Haryana ◽  
Agnes Murdiati
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Water Extraction ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Mature Leaves ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power

Carica papaya leaves are one of the vegetables consumed by Indonesian people, especially in Java Island. Carica papaya is easy to grow in Indonesia and has many variants, so, Carica Papaya leaves is a local potent to be developed for functional food and nutraceutical. The aim of this study was to investigate antioxidant activity and total flavonoids of Carica papaya leaves with different varieties, maturity and solvent. Carica papaya leaves (CPL) was firstly extracted by methanol to select two CPLs with high antioxidant capacity and total flavonoid. The two selected CPLs were further tested with different ages mainly young and mature leaves. One selected CPL was further tested with different extraction solvents. Antioxidant activity was determined by 2.2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, DPPH and Ferric reducing antioxidant power, FRAP. This study used five varieties of Carica papaya leaves, namely Bangkok, California, Purple, Golden and Grendel. The result showed that Golden and Grendel varieties had a higher percentage of radical scavenging property than the others, which was 78.37% and 77.40% by the DPPH method. Grendel and Purple had a higher percentage of radical scavenging property, which was 45.82 and 34.32 mmol/mg. Grendel and Purple had a higher total flavonoid property, which was 50.33 and 46.02 µg/g. Mature leaves had a higher percentage of radical scavenging property than young leaves by DPPH and FRAP methods. Mature leaves had a higher total flavonoid property than young leaves in both Grendel and Purple. Grendel had a higher antioxidant activity and a higher total flavonoid property than Purple. Grendel with water extraction had a higher antioxidant activity by DPPH and FRAP methods. The total flavonoid of Grendel papaya leaves’ extract with water extraction was lower than ethanol 70% and methanol.

scholarly journals Phenolic content and antioxidant activity of fruit of Brazilian genotypes of feijoa

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (12) ◽  
pp. 1223-1230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassandro Vidal Talamini do Amarante ◽  
Alexandra Goede de Souza ◽  
Thalita Dal Toé Benincá ◽  
Cristiano André Steffens
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Functional Value ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Acca Sellowiana ◽  
Gallic Acid Equivalent

Abstract: The objective of this work was to quantify the total phenolic content (TPC) and total antioxidant activity (TAA) of fruit from Brazilian genotypes of feijoa (Acca sellowiana). Skin and flesh tissues of the fruit were evaluated for the Alcântara, Helena, Mattos, and Nonante cultivars, and for the 2316 accession. TPC and TAA were both assessed in aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts, and TAA was assayed by the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS [2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid)] methods. The TPC values, for aqueous extracts of the skin and flesh tissues, were 114.9 and 88.3 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE) per 100 g fresh weight (FW), respectively. The corresponding values for TAA determined by the DPPH method, the skin and flesh tissues, given as EC50 (substrate concentration which leads to 50% reduction of the DPPH), were 10.7 and 39.7 mg FW per g DPPH, respectively; and, by the ABTS method, the TAA values were 12.01 and 8.33 μmol L-1 Trolox per g FW, respectively. The greatest values for TPC and TAA were obtained for 'Mattos' and 'Nonante', in the skin, and for 'Nonante' and accession 2316, in the flesh. Feijoa fruit has important functional value, particularly in the skin, characterized by high TPC and TAA.

scholarly journals Evaluation of nutritive value, phytochemical screening, total phenolic content and in-vitro antioxidant activity of the seed of Prunus domestica L.

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rishi Kumar Shukla ◽  
Kishan ◽  
Abha Shukla ◽  
Rahul Singh
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Prunus Domestica ◽  
Dpph Method

Prunus domestica L. is a member of the Rosaceae family that shows many biological activities including antioxidant, antimicrobial, antihaemolytic, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective activity and many other activities. In the current study, we evaluated nutritive value, phytochemical screening, total phenolic content and antioxidant activity by DPPH and FRAP method for the different extracts obtained by successive soxhlet extraction using the different solvents based on their polarity. Results show that it is a good source of energy. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of many secondary metabolites which include alkaloids, carbohydrates, glycosides, protein, steroids and terpenoids, fixed oils and fat as well as phenolic compounds. The highest total phenolic content was found in the ethyl acetate fraction. Highest antioxidant activity by DPPH method is reported in ethyl acetate fraction (IC50 =1837.399±0.377µg/ml) while the ferric reducing antioxidant power was maximum for diethyl ether (56.032±0.985µM/ml FRAP value = 0.325±0.002).

scholarly journals ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY (PHENOL AND FLAVONOID CONTENT ) OF THREE DIFFERENT CULTIVARS OF PIPER BETLE L. (PIPERACEAE)

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (5-s) ◽  
pp. 143-148
Author(s):  
SAPARA SEKHAR HARINI ◽  
Pagadala R Sougandhi ◽  
DR SHOBHA RANI TENKAYALA ◽  
Kamalamma Ramalingam Gopinath
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Piper Betle ◽  
Drug Preparation ◽  
Phenol Content ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Dpph Method

In the present study, an attempt has been made for the estimation of total phenol and flavonoid content and their radical scavenging properties using Piper betle (L.) leaves. In that, Cultivars i.e., Nov Bangla (NB), Sirugamani-1 (SGM-1) and Halisar Sanchi (HS) were selected for this study. The total phenolic content was ranged from 95.04 to 127.33 mg/100g equivalent to gallic acid and flavonoids were ranged from 51.72 to 61.08 mg/ 100g equivalent to standards of Catechin.  In vitro antioxidant activity was estimated using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), free radical scavenging activity, improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assay and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. Among all the cultivars, The highest Phenol content (93.79%) was observed  for Sirugamani-1 by DPPH method  and highest Phenol content (96.12% & 6791.86 (µg/g) was obtained  for Halisar Sanchi by ABTS assay and FRAP activity  respectively. The study revealed that the leaves of Piper betle (L.) has higher amount of antioxidant activity and it could be used for any novel drug preparation.

Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Organic and Aqueous Extracts of Northeast Algerian Marrubium vulgare

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (S1) ◽  
pp. S119-S129
Author(s):  
I. Namoune ◽  
B. Khettal ◽  
A.M. Assaf ◽  
S. Elhayek ◽  
L. Arrar
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Marrubium Vulgare ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Marrubium vulgare (Lamiaceae) is frequently used in traditional medicine to treat many illnesses from ancient times. Its beneficial effects include antibacterial, antioedematogenic, and analgesic activities. This study was designed to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of organic and aqueous extracts of the leaves, the flowers, the stems, and the roots of Marrubium vulgare. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents as well as the antioxidant and the anti-inflammatory effects of methanol, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and aqueous extracts have been investigated by using different in-vitro methods. It was found that the ethyl acetate extract from Marrubium vulgare stems had the highest total phenolic content, while the ethyl acetate extract from the leaves yielded a high concentration of flavonoids. The ethyl acetate extract from the stems exhibited the highest activity in scavenging of 2,2-diphenyl- 1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), as well as in protecting erythrocytes. The leaves aqueous extract exhibited the highest ferrous chelating activity and its methanolic extract was found to be the strongest inhibitor of lipid peroxidation in β-carotene bleaching assay. The leaves chloroform extracts as well as the flowers methanol, chloroform, and ethyl acetate extracts were found to decrease the pro-inflammatory tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) cytokine levels in a dose-dependent manner. On the other hand, the flowers methanolic extract and the leaves methanol, ethyl acetate, and aqueous extracts decreased the interleukin-1 beta (IL- 1β) release. It was also found that the methanol extract from the flowers and the chloroform extract from the stems of Marrubium vulgare inhibited interleukin-8 (IL-8) release. This study provides a scientific basis for the traditional use of Marrubium vulgare as an anti-inflammatory agent and for the plant to be considered as an important resource of natural antioxidants.

Evaluation of diuretic and antioxidant properties in aqueous bark and fruit extracts of pine

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadi Shariati ◽  
Mohammad Hassanpour ◽  
Gholamreza Sharifzadeh ◽  
Asghar Zarban ◽  
Saeed Samarghandian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Pine Bark ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Dose Dependent

Objective: The present study has been carried out to evaluate the diuretic and antioxidant properties of pine herb in an animal model. Materials and Methods: 45 adult male rats were randomly divided into nine groups including: groups I (the negative control), groups II (positive control, furosemide 10 mg/kg), groups III to VIII (treatment groups received 100, 200, 400 mg/kg of the aqueous extracts of bark and fruit) and group IX received the combination of aqueous extract of bark (100 mg/kg) and the fruit (100 mg/kg). The urine output, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), electrolytes, urea, and creatinine levels were evaluated . Furthermore, the phenolic content and antioxidant activity of both extracts were also assessed using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and Folin–Ciocalteu methods. Results: The aqueous extracts of the pine bark and fruit increased the urinary output in a dose-dependent manner. The combination of the two extracts compared to the other extracts alone significantly increased the serum potassium level. This study also showed each extract increase creatinine clearance in a dose-dependent manner (p<0.01 and p<0.05). The increase of GFR in the combination group was not significant. The current data showed a significant increase in the total phenolic content in pine bark extract in compared with the fruit extract. Conclusion: The pine bark and fruit can be useful in the prevention and treatment of kidney stones due to the high antioxidant activity.

scholarly journals Optimization of Natural Antioxidants Extraction from Pineapple Peel and Their Stabilization by Spray Drying

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1255
Author(s):  
Sofia C. Lourenço ◽  
Débora A. Campos ◽  
Ricardo Gómez-García ◽  
Manuela Pintado ◽  
M. Conceição Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Spray Drying ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Dry Extract ◽  
Pineapple Peel ◽  
Dpph Method

Pineapple peel still contains an important amount of phenolic compounds and vitamins with valuable antioxidant activity. In this way, the aim of this study was the recovery of the bioactive compounds from pineapple peel using environmentally friendly and low-cost techniques, envisaging their application in food products. From the solid-liquid extraction conditions tested, the one delivering an extract with higher total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity was a single extraction step with a solvent-pineapple peel ratio of 1:1 (w/w) for 25 min at ambient temperature, using ethanol-water (80–20%) as a solvent. The resulting extract revealed a total phenolic content value of 11.10 ± 0.01 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g dry extract, antioxidant activity of 91.79 ± 1.98 µmol Trolox/g dry extract by the DPPH method, and 174.50 ± 9.98 µmol Trolox/g dry extract by the FRAP method. The antioxidant rich extract was subjected to stabilization by the spray drying process at 150 °C of inlet air temperature using maltodextrin (5% w/w) as an encapsulating agent. The results showed that the antioxidant capacity of the encapsulated compounds was maintained after encapsulation. The loaded microparticles obtained, which consist of a bioactive powder, present a great potential to be incorporated in food products or to produce bioactive packaging systems.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Activity in Rheum emodi Wall (Himalayan Rhubarb)

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 2555
Author(s):  
Sang Koo Park ◽  
Yoon Kyung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Polyphenol Content ◽  
Abts Assay ◽  
Ic50 Values

Using natural products as antioxidant agents has been beneficial to replace synthetic products. Efforts have been made to profile the antioxidant capacities of natural resources, such as medicinal plants. The polyphenol content of Himalayan rhubarb, Rheum emodi wall, was measured and the antioxidant activity was determined using DPPH and ABTS+ assay, and the oxidative stress was assessed using SOD enzymatic assay. Five different solvent fractions, n-hexane, n-butanol, ethyl acetate, dichloromethane, and water, were used for screening the antioxidant capacity in effort to determine the optimum extraction solvent. The total phenolic contents for R. emodi fractions ranged from 27.76 to 209.21 mg of gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g of dry weight. DPPH and ABTS+ assay results are presented into IC50 values, ranged from 21.52 to 2448.79 μg/mL and 90.25 to 1718.05 μg/mL, respectively. The ethyl acetate fraction had the highest antioxidant activity among other fractions. Also, n-butanol and water fractions showed significantly lower IC50 values than the positive control in DPPH radical scavenging activity. The IC50 values of SOD assay of fractions ranged from 2.31 to 64.78 μg/mL. A similar result was observed with ethyl acetate fraction showing the highest SOD radical scavenging activity. The study suggests that the ethyl acetate fraction of R. emodi possess the strongest antioxidant activity, thus the most efficient in extracting antioxidant contents. Moreover, a highly significant correlation was shown between total polyphenol content and antioxidant activity screening assays. The compounds related to the antioxidant activity of R. emodi were identified to myricitrin, myricetin 3-galloyl rhamnoside, and myricetin, which have not been reported in studies about R. emodi before.

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