scholarly journals Modelling the risk of mortality of Corbicula fluminea (Müller, 1774) (Bivalvia: Corbiculidae) exposed to different turbidity conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 509-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
WEP. Avelar ◽  
FF. Neves ◽  
MAS. Lavrador
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Corbicula Fluminea ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Aquatic Communities ◽  
Water Turbidity ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
High Turbidity ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
The One

The provision of sediment in rivers, due to erosion processes that occur in the environment, consists of a major source of pollution and alteration of the physicochemical conditions of water resources. In addition, the increase in water turbidity may cause siltation, dramatically impacting aquatic communities. Specifically considering the bivalve Corbicula fluminea (Müller, 1774), the aim of this study was to analyse the effect of exposure to different turbidity conditions of sediments, as a risk factor for the animals. For this purpose, a docking device was designed to ensure water circulation in a closed system and to maintain the desired levels of turbidity. Although C. fluminea can generally tolerate environmental changes in aquatic systems, an intolerance to high turbidity levels was experimentally observed, expressed by the mortality rate of the animals when exposed to conditions above 150 nephelometric turbidity units (NTU). This value was similar to the one recorded at study sites in the rivers Pardo (Serrana-SP-Brazil) and Mogi Guaçu (Porto Ferreira-SP-Brazil) during the rainy season. Using a logistic regression model, the experimental results were analysed and the observed mortality rates indicate that the exposure of the animals to turbidity levels above 150 nephelometric turbidity units (NTU), for periods longer than 120 hours, may be considered a probable cause of mortality for the species.

SEAGRESS COVERAGE AND ECOSYSTEM CONDITION AT THE COASTAL AREA OF MADASANGER, JELENGA AND MALUK, WEST SUMBAWA

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erny Poedjirahajoe ◽  
Ni Putu Diana Mahayani ◽  
Boy Rahardjo Sidharta ◽  
Muhamad Salamuddin
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Area ◽  
Seagrass Species ◽  
Seagrass Bed ◽  
Water Turbidity ◽  
Transect Sampling ◽  
Sampling Points ◽  
Ecosystem Condition ◽  
High Turbidity ◽  
Line Transects ◽  
Seagrass Coverage

The increase of temperature might affect the distribution and reproduction of seagrass. This research aims to determine the seagrass bed coverage and the ecosystem condition. Three line transects were established perpendicular to the coastal line with the distance of 50-100 m, or up to the border of the intertidal area. In each transect, sampling points were determined with a distance of 10-20 m. At the sampling points, a plot of 50 cm x 50 cm was established to measure the coverage percentage of seagrass vegetation. The seagrass species were also observed and recorded along the line transects. The percentage of seagrass coverage was measured using a method from Saito and Atobe (1994). The results showed that the coastal area of Jelenga has the highest percentage of seagrass coverage (>60%, healthy) among other coastal areas. This may be caused by the characteristic of Jelenga coast which was relatively calm, few visitors, low water turbidity, and high light penetration. While, other transects have percentage coverage of less than 60% (less healthy). There was one transect on Maluk coast which has coverage percentage of less than 29% (lack of seagrass species). The small coverage percentage on Maluk coast can be caused by the high number of visitors and high activity of fishing boats around the coast which results in high turbidity. Keywords: coverage, ecosystem condition, seagrass bed, west Sumbawa.

scholarly journals Healthcare-related impact of gout in hospitalized patients in Spain

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Benavent ◽  
Diana Peiteado ◽  
María Ángeles Martinez-Huedo ◽  
María Hernandez-Hurtado ◽  
Alejandro Balsa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Private Hospitals ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
General Mortality

AbstractTo analyze the epidemiology, clinical features and costs of hospitalized patients with gout during the last decade in Spain. Retrospective observational study based on data from the Minimum Basic Data Set (MBDS) from the Spanish National Health Service database. Patients ≥ 18 years with any gout diagnosis at discharge who had been admitted to public or private hospitals between 2005 and 2015 were included. Patients were divided in two periods: p1 (2005–2010) and p2 (2011–2015) to compare the number of hospitalizations, mean costs and mortality rates. Data from 192,037 patients with gout was analyzed. There was an increase in the number of hospitalized patients with gout (p < 0.001). The more frequent comorbidities were diabetes (27.6% of patients), kidney disease (26.6%) and heart failure (19.3%). Liver disease (OR 2.61), dementia (OR 2.13), cerebrovascular diseases (OR 1.57), heart failure (OR 1.41), and kidney disease (OR 1.34) were associated with a higher mortality risk. Women had a lower risk of mortality than men (OR 0.85). General mortality rates in these hospitalized patients progressively increased over the years (p < 0.001). In addition, costs gradually rose, presenting a significant increase in p2 even after adjusting for inflation (p = 0.001). A progressive increase in hospitalizations, mortality rates and cost in hospitalized patients with gout was observed. This harmful trend in a preventable illness highlights the need for change and the search for new healthcare strategies.

Long-term mortality rates and associated risk factors following primary and revision knee arthroplasty

2022 ◽  
Vol 104-B (1) ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
Liam Zen Yapp ◽  
Nick D. Clement ◽  
Matthew Moran ◽  
Jon V. Clarke ◽  
A. Hamish R. W. Simpson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Revision Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Male Sex ◽  
Long Term Mortality

Aims The aim of this study was to determine the long-term mortality rate, and to identify factors associated with this, following primary and revision knee arthroplasty (KA). Methods Data from the Scottish Arthroplasty Project (1998 to 2019) were retrospectively analyzed. Patient mortality data were linked from the National Records of Scotland. Analyses were performed separately for the primary and revised KA cohorts. The standardized mortality ratio (SMR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) was calculated for the population at risk. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards were used to identify predictors and estimate relative mortality risks. Results At a median 7.4 years (interquartile range (IQR) 4.0 to 11.6) follow-up, 27.8% of primary (n = 27,474/98,778) and 31.3% of revision (n = 2,611/8,343) KA patients had died. Both primary and revision cohorts had lower mortality rates than the general population (SMR 0.74 (95% CI 0.73 to 0.74); p < 0.001; SMR 0.83 (95% CI 0.80 to 0.86); p < 0.001, respectively), which persisted for 12 and eighteight years after surgery, respectively. Factors associated with increased risk of mortality after primary KA included male sex (hazard ratio (HR) 1.40 (95% CI 1.36 to 1.45)), increasing socioeconomic deprivation (HR 1.43 (95% CI 1.36 to 1.50)), inflammatory polyarthropathy (HR 1.79 (95% CI 1.68 to 1.90)), greater number of comorbidities (HR 1.59 (95% CI 1.51 to 1.68)), and periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) requiring revision (HR 1.92 (95% CI 1.57 to 2.36)) when adjusting for age. Similarly, male sex (HR 1.36 (95% CI 1.24 to 1.49)), increasing socioeconomic deprivation (HR 1.31 (95% CI 1.12 to 1.52)), inflammatory polyarthropathy (HR 1.24 (95% CI 1.12 to 1.37)), greater number of comorbidities (HR 1.64 (95% CI 1.33 to 2.01)), and revision for PJI (HR 1.35 (95% 1.18 to 1.55)) were independently associated with an increased risk of mortality following revision KA when adjusting for age. Conclusion The SMR of patients undergoing primary and revision KA was lower than that of the general population and remained so for several years post-surgery. However, approximately one in four patients undergoing primary and one in three patients undergoing revision KA died within tenten years of surgery. Several patient and surgical factors, including PJI, were associated with the risk of mortality within ten years of primary and revision surgery. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2022;104-B(1):45–52.

Observations of blanket characteristics in full-scale floc blanket clarifiers

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.C. Chen ◽  
S.S. Sung ◽  
W.W. Lin ◽  
D.J. Lee ◽  
C. Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Process ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Water Turbidity ◽  
Capillary Suction ◽  
Zeta Potentials ◽  
High Turbidity ◽  
Water Supply Company ◽  
Clarified Water

We monitored the changes in concentrations, zeta potentials, sizes and capillary suction times of the solids flocs in the clarified water from eight floc blanket clarifiers of PingTsan Water Works of Taiwan Water Supply Company with low (&lt;10 NTU) and high (&gt;100 NTU) turbidity raw water. For the former, one-stage coagulation-sedimentation treatment was adopted which yielded a rather unstable blanket. Complete washout was noticeable when the PACl dosage was insufficient. On the treatment of high-turbidity raw water, on the other hand, the Works adopted the combined treatment process, that is, the raw water was first coagulated and settled in a pre-sedimentation tank, afterwards, its effluent was coagulated again and clarified in the clarifiers. The resulting flocs could form a networked blanket that was relatively stable to the shock load in raw water turbidity.

scholarly journals Gallstone ileus resulting in strong intestinal obstruction

1995 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 721-725
Author(s):  
Israel Szajnbok ◽  
Fernando Lorenzi ◽  
Aldo Junqueira Rodrigues Jr. ◽  
Luis Fernando Correa Zantut ◽  
Renato Sérgio Poggetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Gallstone Ileus ◽  
Ileocecal Valve ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Degenerative Diseases ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Therapy Decision ◽  
Biliary Calculus ◽  
The One ◽  
Elder People

Mechanic intestinal obstruction, caused by the passage of biliary calculus from vesicle to intestine, through fistulization, although not frequent, deserve study due to the morbi-mortality rates. Incidence in elder people explains the association with chronic degenerative diseases, increasing complexity in terms of therapy decision. Literature discusses the need and opportunity for the one or two-phase surgical attack of the cholecystenteric fistule, in front of the resolution on the obstructive urgency and makes reference to Gallstone Ileus as an exception for strong intestinal obstruction. The more frequent intestinal obstruction observed is when it occurs a Gallstone Ileus impacting in terms of ileocecal valve. The authors submit a Gallstone Ileus manifestation as causing strong intestinal obstruction, discussing aspects regarding diagnostic and treatment.

scholarly journals Sea-ice edge is more important than closer open water access for foraging Adélie penguins: evidence from two colonies

2020 ◽  
Vol 640 ◽  
pp. 215-230
Author(s):  
C Michelot ◽  
A Kato ◽  
T Raclot ◽  
K Shiomi ◽  
P Goulet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Gps Tracking ◽  
Ice Edge ◽  
Sea Ice Edge ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Adélie Penguins

Sentinel species, like Adélie penguins, have been used to assess the impact of environmental changes, and their link with sea ice has received considerable attention. Here, we tested if foraging Adélie penguins from 2 colonies in East Antarctica target the distant sea-ice edge or take advantage of closer open waters that are readily available near their colony. We examined the foraging behaviour of penguins during the incubation trips of females in 2016 and males in 2017, using GPS tracking and diet data in view of daily sea-ice data and bathymetry. In 2016-2017, sea-ice cover was extensive during females’ trips but flaw leads and polynyas were close to both study sites. Sea ice receded rapidly during males’ trips in 2017-2018. Despite close open water near both colonies in both years, females and males preferentially targeted the continental slope and the sea-ice edge to forage. In addition, there was no difference in the diet of penguins from both colonies: all penguins fed mostly on Antarctic krill and males also foraged on Antarctic silverfish. Our results highlight the importance of the sea-ice edge for penguins, an area where food abundance is predictable. It is likely that resource availability was not sufficient in closer open water areas at such an early stage in the breeding season. The behaviours displayed by the penguins from both colonies were similar, suggesting a common behaviour across colonies in Terre Adélie, although additional sites would be necessary to confirm this hypothesis.

scholarly journals Trends in Mortality Rates for Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Dementias Over 30 Years in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 153331752110448
Author(s):  
Ruhai Bai ◽  
Wanyue Dong
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Cohort Model ◽  
Substantial Impact ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
Disease Study

Objective: This study examines trends in the mortality of Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias in China from 1990 to 2019. Methods: The data were drawn from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 (GBD 2019), and an age–period–cohort model was used for analysis. Results: The net drift was .152% (95% confidence interval [CI]: .069%, .235%) per year for men ( P < .05) and .024% (95% CI: −.078%, .126%) per year for women. The local drift values were below 0 in both genders for people aged 45–54 years ( P < .05), and above 0 for males aged 60–94 years and females aged 60–79 years ( P < .05). In the same birth cohort, the risk of mortality of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias exponentially increases with age for both genders. Conclusion: More rapid and effective efforts are needed to mitigate the substantial impact of Alzheimer's and other dementias on the health of China’s elderly.

scholarly journals On Dynamics of Gender-Specific Mortality Among the Population of the Republic of Belarus in the Second Half of the XX – the Beginning of the XXI Centuries

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Romanova ◽  
O Krasko
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Female Mortality ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Crude Mortality ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Population Mortality

Aim of the study: to evaluate the dynamics and to make a comparative analysis of male and female mortality among the population of Belarus Republic during 1959 – 2015.Materials and methods. The data on natural population movement in the Republic of Belarus during 1959 – 2015 have been analyzed in the research work. Crude and standardized mortality rates have been calculated using the direct standardization according to the world standard (Standard “World”), approved by WHO. JoinPoint software was used to investigate time trends as well as office suite MSEXCEL 2010.Results of the study. The minimum values of male and female crude and standardized mortality rates were established in 1964. Throughout the study period, the male population mortality rate grew 1.8-fold (based on crude rates – 2.4-fold), the female population mortality rate – 1.6-fold (based on crude rates – 2.2-fold). During 1985 – 2005, the differences in crude mortality rates among men and women grew 1.2-fold, and during 1962 – 2011, the differences in standardized rates increased 1.8-fold. Since 2003, the mortality rate among men and since 1999, the death rate among women has declined with an annual decrease rate to be more than twice as high as compared to an annual mortality increase registered during its growth.Conclusion. Since the 1960s, the changes in population age structure of the male and female population affected the crude mortality rates. The male and female mortality growth is due to an increased unfavorable impact of combined environmental factors. The adaptive capacity of women to sustain environmental changes contributed to their later entry into the period of mortality growth, as compared to men. The mortality rate reduction in men since 2003 and the excess of a decrease over an increase rate is associated with a set of state measures aimed at protecting and strengthening the public health in the republic.

scholarly journals New kid on the block: Research of alpine-lake macroinvertebrates in the Tatra Mountains enhanced by DNA barcoding and metabarcoding

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ondrej Vargovčík ◽  
Zuzana Čiamporová-Zaťovičová ◽  
Fedor Čiampor Jr
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Human Impacts ◽  
Sampling Error ◽  
Alpine Lakes ◽  
Alpine Lake ◽  
Tatra Mountains ◽  
Aquatic Communities ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Tatra Mountains

State of ecosystems and biodiversity protection are becoming the key interests for modern society due to climate change and negative human impacts (Leese 2018). Environmental changes in freshwaters are indicated also by benthic communities, especially in sensitive ecosystems like alpine lakes (Fjellheim 2009). Moreover, remoteness and isolation of alpine lakes make them a source of biodiversity, which is worth conserving (Hamerlík 2014). A promising tool for efficient large-scale monitoring of aquatic communities is DNA metabarcoding (Leese 2018). In this study, we applied metabarcoding to analyse macrozoobenthos of 12 lakes in the Tatra Mountains, using benthic bulk samples and eDNA filtered from water (Fig. 1). In compliance with recent publications, eDNA amplified with BF3/BR2 primers resulted in high percentage of non-invertebrate reads (Leese 2021). Based on in silico tests with the obtained sequences, we confirm that the recently developed EPTDr2n primer enables minimizing non-target amplification even with eDNA filtered from alpine-lake water (Elbrecht and Leese 2017). This ability is facilitated by 3’ end of the primer and we observed the two important mismatches in non-target sequences from our study (Leese 2021). Thus, our future analyses of eDNA (and bulk-sample fixative) will benefit from the new primer. Concerning bulk samples, a wide range of invertebrate taxa was assigned to the OTUs and they showed good congruence with previous studies using morphological determination (e.g. Krno 2006). Certain differences with (and among) the previous records per lake were observed, which could suggest ecological changes, but at the moment the influence of sampling error cannot be excluded. In eDNA, several taxa were congruent with the previous records, but their amount and read abundance was considerably lower due to non-target amplification. Apart from that, filling gaps in barcoding databases remains one of our priorities, as identification to species or genus level was not yet possible for some invertebrate OTUs. In addition, we subjected the NGS data to denoising and abundance-filtering in order to explore haplotype-level diversity (Andújar 2021). Although more comprehensive conclusions will be possible only after obtaining data from more lakes and years, already the two metabarcoding experiments presented here enabled us to efficiently detect within-species genetic diversity and identify a large variety of taxa, including groups that would otherwise be omitted or very challenging to identify. This underlines the potential of DNA methods to provide valuable ecological and biodiversity data across the tree of life for modern biomonitoring. This study was realized with support from VEGA 2/0030/17 and VEGA 2/0084/21.

scholarly journals Enhanced Coagulation Efficiency of Moringa Oleifera Seeds Through Selective Oil Extraction

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suleyman A. Muyibi ◽  
Saad A. Abbas Megat Johari M. M. Noor Fakrul Razi Ahmadun
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Oil Extraction ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Turbid Water ◽  
Water Turbidity ◽  
Turbidity Removal ◽  
Kaolin Suspension ◽  
High Turbidity ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Seed

In this laboratory based study, varying quantities of oil, corresponding to 20 % w/w, 25 % w/w and 30 % w/w kernel weight extracted from Moringa oleifera seeds ( S1, S2, S3) respectively  were applied in the coagulation of model turbid water (kaolin suspension) and turbid river water samples from River Batang Kali and River Selangor in Malaysia to determine the percentage oil removed which gave the best coagulation efficiency. For model turbid water (kaolin suspension) coagulation of low turbidity of 35 NTU, medium turbidity of 100 NTU and high turbidity of 300 NTU, sample S2  gave the best turbidity removal corresponding to 91.7%, 95.5% and 99% respectively. Application of sample S2 to River Batang Kali with low initial turbidity of 32 NTU and high initial turbidity of 502 NTU gave a highest turbidity removal of 69% and 99% respectively. Application to River Selangor with medium initial turbidity- of 87 NTU and high initial turbidity of 466 NTU gave a highest residual turbidity' of 94% and 98.9%,  respectively.Key words: Moringa oleifera seed, selective oil extraction, coagulation, model turbid water (kaolin suspension), river water, turbidity removal.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document