Maize yield after long-term application of pig slurry

ABSTRACT Organic wastes produced in large quantities in pig farms, such as liquid swine manure (LSM), can become a good alternative source of nutrients for agriculture, thus enabling total or partial replacement of mineral fertilizers in agricultural crops. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of LSM as a substitute of mineral fertilizer in the maize crop under Cerrado soil conditions. The treatments consisted of using mineral fertilization recommended for the maize crop; without fertilization; and LSM doses (25, 50,100 and 200 m3 ha-1). Maize grain yield was evaluated in the 2004/2005, 2005/2006, 2006/2007, 2007/2008, 2009/2010, 2011/2012 and 2013/2014 crop seasons. The mineral fertilization in maize can be replaced by pig slurry doses from 100 m3 ha-1 in a Cerrado soil (dystroferric Red Latosol with clayey texture) with no loss of yield components.

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Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Gaseous Nitrogen Losses from the Concentrated Liquid Fraction of Pig Slurries

International Journal of Agronomy ◽

10.1155/2019/9283106 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

G. L. Velthof ◽

R. P. J. J. Rietra

Keyword(s):

Liquid Fraction ◽

N Uptake ◽

Mineral Fertilizer ◽

Greenhouse Experiment ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

N Recovery ◽

Pig Slurry ◽

Incubation Experiment ◽

Alternative Source ◽

Mineral N

Processed manure can be an alternative source of nutrients for untreated manure and mineral fertilizers. Mineral concentrates (MCs) are derived from reversed osmosis of the liquid fraction of separated pig slurries. The emissions of ammonia (NH3) and nitrous oxide (N2O) from different (processed) manures and fertilizers were tested in an incubation experiment and a greenhouse experiment with grass as a test crop. Dry matter yields and nitrogen (N) uptake were also determined in the greenhouse experiment. Incorporation into the soil decreased on NH3 emission but increased N2O emission for all nitrogen products (mineral fertilizer, untreated slurry, MC, and solid fraction of separated slurry). Incorporation of both MC, slurries, and mineral fertilizers increased N2O emission in the incubation experiment. The lowest apparent N recovery (ANR) in the pot experiment with grass was obtained for incorporated pig slurry (30–39%) and surface-applied MC (33–38%), while the highest ANRs were obtained for liquid ammonium nitrate (45–53%) and acidified MC (43–55%). It is concluded that MCs have a similar N fertilizer value as mineral N fertilizers if NH3 emission is reduced by incorporation or acidification.

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Evaluation of different pig slurry composts as fertilizer of horticultural crops: Effects on selected chemical and microbial properties

Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems ◽

10.1017/s1742170507001913 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 22 (4) ◽

pp. 307-315 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Margarita Ros ◽

Carlos García ◽

Maria Teresa Hernandez

Keyword(s):

Microbial Activity ◽

Soil Quality ◽

Mineral Fertilizer ◽

Experimental Period ◽

Soil Microbial Activity ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Organic Carbon Content ◽

Pig Slurry ◽

Mineral Fertilization ◽

Horticultural Crops

AbstractThe excessive use of mineral fertilizers affects soil quality, gives rise to environmental problems and consumes energy. In contrast, organic amendment may improve soil quality at the same time as providing nutrients to plant. The aim of the work was to study the effects on crop yield and soil microbial activity of the successive addition of mineral fertilizers and fresh pig slurry before each successive crop compared with one sole application of different pig slurry composts (solid fraction of a pig slurry (CSFPS) and fresh pig slurry plus wood shavings (1:1 v/v; CPS+WS) before planting the first crop. Compost-treated soils exhibited higher organic carbon content than inorganically fertilized soils, throughout the experimental period. However, N content in the former soils was lower than in the latter after the second crop. Nevertheless, yields obtained with repeated additions of fresh pig slurry or with a sole application of pig slurry composts were similar to those obtained with repeated mineral fertilization. After the horticultural crops, organically treated soils generally showed higher values of both microbial biomass and metabolic microbial activity (measured as basal respiration and dehydrogenase activity) than the soil receiving mineral fertilization. Subsequently, the organically amended soils showed higher protease, phosphatase and β-glucosidase activities than the inorganically fertilized soil and similar levels of urease activity. From this study it can be concluded that both fresh and composted pig slurry can be used as an alternative for mineral fertilizer in growing horticultural crops and maintaining soil quality.

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Changes of risky element concentrations under organic and mineral fertilization

Plant Soil and Environment ◽

10.17221/164/2016-pse ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 62 (No. 8) ◽

pp. 355-360 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

L. Hlisnikovský ◽

G. Mühlbachová ◽

E. Kunzová ◽

M. Hejcman ◽

M. Pechová

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Ph Value ◽

Mineral Fertilizer ◽

Organic Fertilizers ◽

Pig Slurry ◽

Mineral Fertilization ◽

Labile Organic Matter ◽

Element Concentrations ◽

Fresh Organic Matter ◽

The Impact

The 28-day incubation experiment was carried out to evaluate the impact of the application of digestate (Dig); digestate with straw (DigSt); pig slurry (Slu) and mineral fertilizer (NPK) on Cd, Cu, Mn and Zn availability, on K2SO4-extractable carbon content and on the soil pH value in long-term contaminated soil. At days three and seven of the experiment, the 0.01 mol/L CaCl2-extractable fractions of Cd, Zn and Mn significantly decreased under organic treatments (Dig, DigSt and Slu) with the most pronounced effect under Dig treatment. The NPK treatment caused the increase of risky element concentrations since day 21 of incubation which was accompanied with pH decrease. The contents of 0.5 mol/L K2SO4-extractable carbon were the highest at day 3 and 7 of incubation in organic treatments. The significant correlations between 0.5 mol/L K2SO4-extractable carbon and CaCl2-extractable metal concentrations showed a close relationship between fresh organic matter added in organic fertilizers and risky element availability, suggesting that newly added labile organic matter can form temporary ligands with risky elements and release them later following its decomposition.

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Fertilizer type influences tomato yield and soil N2O emissions

Plant Soil and Environment ◽

10.17221/678/2016-pse ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 63 (No. 3) ◽

pp. 105-110 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Vitale Luca ◽

Polimeno Franca ◽

Ottaiano Lucia ◽

Maglione Giuseppe ◽

Tedeschi Anna ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crop Production ◽

Global Climate ◽

Nitrification Inhibitor ◽

Mineral Fertilizer ◽

Fruit Production ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Soil N ◽

Mineral Fertilization ◽

Tomato Crop ◽

Tomato Yield

Improvements in crop management for a more sustainable agriculture are fundamental to reduce environmental impacts of cropland and to mitigate effects on global climate change. In this study three fertilization types – ammonium nitrate (control); mineral fertilizer added with a nitrification inhibitor (3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP)), and an organo-mineral fertilizer (OM) – were tested on a tomato crop in order to evaluate effects both on crop production and soil N2O emissions. Plants grown under OM fertilization had a greater relative growth rate compared to mineral fertilization, due to a higher net assimilation rate, which was related to a greater light interception rather than to a higher photosynthetic efficiency. OM fertilization determined the highest fruit production and lower soil N2O fluxes compared to NH4NO3, although the lowest soil N2O fluxes were found in response to mineral fertilizer added with a nitrification inhibitor. It can be concluded that organo-mineral fertilizer is a better nutrient source compared to mineral fertilizers able to improve crop yield and to mitigate soil N2O emission.

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Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) productivity in response to different fertilization strategies

Revista Agro mbiente On-line ◽

10.18227/1982-8470ragro.v11i4.4080 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 296 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Wellington Da Silva Toledo ◽

João Paulo Agápto ◽

Gustavo Fonseca De Almeida

Keyword(s):

Common Bean ◽

Production Management ◽

Mineral Fertilizer ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Mineral Fertilization ◽

Manure Compost ◽

Sheep Manure ◽

Pod Length ◽

Pod Number

The feasibility of reducing non-renewable natural resources use in agriculture, associated with the need for ecologically-appropriate of organic waste disposal has become an important element in planning more sustainable agricultural systems. Consequently, the aim of the current study was to evaluate the response of the common bean, growing in an Eutrophic Latosol in the city of Buri-SP, to the application of organic and mineral fertilizers. An experiment was carried out in the 2015 agricultural year, using a randomized block design with 4 replicates and 5 treatments, these being: 1 - mineral fertilizer; 2 - organomineral fertilizer; 3 - sheep manure compost; 4 - chicken bedding compost, and control (soil without fertilizer application). The tested variables were: pod length (cm); per plant pod number; per pod seed number; mass of 100 grains (g); and grain yield (kg ha-1). Organomineral fertilizer provided the most significant increase in pod length, per plant pod number, and yield compared to the other treatments, except for sheep manure compost, where productivity did not differ. In addition, with the exception of mass per 100 seeds, there was no difference between treatments using organic fertilization and mineral fertilizer. Under the current study´s experimental conditions, organomineral fertilizer and sheep manure compost produced the highest productivity for common beans. Thus, mineral fertilization can be replaced by organic or organomineral alternatives, so helping to produce more sustainable production management and help reduce environmental impacts.

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Effect of compost and natural rocks as partial substitutes for NPK mineral fertilizers on yield and fruit quality of ‘Flame’ seedless grapevine grown in two different locations of Egypt

Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.5424/sjar/2019172-14355 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. e0903

Author(s):

Mohyeldein I. Slama ◽

Alaa E. K. Omar ◽

Saber S. Bassiony ◽

Ghoneem M. Ghoneem

Keyword(s):

Raw Materials ◽

Potassium Sulfate ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Partial Replacement ◽

Nitrate Content ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Anthocyanin Content ◽

Mineral Fertilization ◽

Seedless Grape ◽

Solids Content

Aim of study: To evaluate the use of compost and natural rocks as partial replacement of mineral fertilizers in ‘Flame’ seedless grape vineyards.Area of study: The present work was conducted during three successive seasons (2016, 2017 and 2018), being the first season a preliminary trial on 4-yr old grapes cultivated in two different soil types (sandy and clay) at two different locations, Egypt (Abo Galeb, Giza governorate; EL-Mahala, Gharbia governorate).Material and methods: Treatments were applied as natural raw materials at 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100% out of recommended mineral NPK rate. The mineral fertilizers used were ammonium sulfate (21.6% N), calcium super phosphate (15.5% P2O5) and potassium sulfate (48% K2O). The natural rocks used were phosphate rock (22.0% P2O5) and Feldspar (10.12% K2O). Yield and fruit characteristics and leaf mineral content were determined.Main results: Using compost in combination with natural rocks enriched with NPK mobilization bacteria and mineral NPK enhanced leaf nutrients content and gave the highest yield and cluster weight. This mix also improved berries physical and chemical characteristics. There was an increase in soluble solids content (SSC), SSC/acid ratio, and anthocyanin content, associated with a reduction in nitrate content of the berry juice. The most pronounced effect was related to using 60% mineral fertilization + 40% organic and natural rocks in both vineyard locations.Research highlights: We can reduce the recommended doses of mineral NPK by about 40%, reducing then the soil pollution.

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Effect of Sewage Sludge Amended Soil on Maize Crop I. Influence on yield and mineral nutrition

Revista de Chimie ◽

10.37358/rc.18.3.6149 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 69 (3) ◽

pp. 561-566 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Leonard Ilie ◽

Mircea Mihalache ◽

Roxana Maria Madjar ◽

Catalina Calin ◽

Gina Vasile Scaeteanu

Keyword(s):

Sewage Sludge ◽

Growth Yield ◽

Maize Yield ◽

Potassium Content ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Mineral Fertilization ◽

Maize Crop ◽

Maize Leaves ◽

Maize Kernels ◽

Different Doses

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficiency of sewage sludge application on maize (Zea Mays L.) growth, yield and macroelements accumulation (N, P, K, Ca, Mg) when different doses of sewage were applied accompanied by mineral fertilization. The results indicated that sewage sludge fertilization produces significant increase of maize yield that are evident starting with 200 kg N/ha rate, and the highest increases were recorded in the rate of 400 kg N/ ha. The nitrogen content in the maize leaves increased significantly in the variants fertilized with sludge at a rate over 300 kg N/ha, meanwhile the potassium content of the maize leaves was significantly reduced as a result of sludge fertilization at a rate equivalent to 400 kg N/ha. Nitrogen and phosphorus contents in the maize kernels increased with sewage sludge loading, meanwhile in the case of potassium the data showed that there were no statistically significant changes in the potassium content of the maize kernels under the influence of sewage sludge fertilization. The application of sewage sludge caused a significant increase of the calcium and magnesium contents in the maize leaves at equivalent rates higher than 200 kg/N ha.

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Soil conditions and yield of repeatedly grown apple orchard depending on long-term fertilizer application

Collected Works of Uman National University of Horticulture ◽

10.31395/2415-8240-2021-98-1-34-47 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (98) ◽

pp. 34-47

Author(s):

P. H. Kopytko ◽

◽

R. V. Yakovenko

Keyword(s):

Soil Fertility ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Humus Content ◽

Mineral Fertilizer ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Soil Conditions ◽

Apple Trees ◽

The Impact

The issue of scientifically sound fertilizer application in fruit plantations, which are long-term and re-grown in one place remains insufficiently studied. To solve this problem is possible only in long-term stationary studies, as the impact of different fertilizer systems on changes in soil properties and tree productivity for a long period of their use. The results of researches of long-term fertilizer influence on the main fertility indices of dark gray podzolic heavy loam soil and productivity of repeatedly grown apple trees of Idared varieties on seed and vegetative (M4) rootstocks and Calville snow on seedling rootstock are considered. During the 85-year period of growing the first and second generation of apple trees in the experimental garden, the organic fertilizer (40 t/ha of cattle manure), mineral fertilizer (N120P120K120) and their combination (20 t/ha of manure + N60P60K60) were applied in the old plantation every two years in autumn in plowing in rows at 18–20 cm, and in the new repetition: manure, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers as well, and nitrogen fertilizer in half doses annually in spring for cultivation or disk plowing to a depth of 12–15 cm. As a result of research it was found that organic fertilizer better than mineral fertilizers provided the formation of soil fertility (humus and mobile compounds and forms of nutrients, soil reaction) and yield capacity of experimental apple trees, which for all years of fruiting exceeded the total yield of Calville snow and Idared on seedling and vegetative rootstocks, respectively, by 34.8, 27.7 and 23.4 % compared with the yield of the control non-fertilized areas and 16.0, 15.8 and 13.2 % – on those fertilized with N120Р120К120. Similar parameters of soil fertility indicators are formed by the organo-mineral fertilizer system with systematic long-term application of half the norms of organic and mineral fertilizers of manure 20 t/ha together with N60P60K60. However, the mineral system (N120P120K120) significantly less increases the humus content and content of macronutrients available for plant nutrition and does not enrich the soil with trace elements, acidifies the reaction of the soil environment

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Maize Fertigation with Treated Olive Mill Wastewater: Effects on Crop Production and Soil Properties

Sustainable Agriculture Research ◽

10.5539/sar.v4n4p66 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 66 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Maria I. Kokkora ◽

Chryssoula Papaioannou ◽

Panagiotis Vyrlas ◽

Konstantinos Petrotos ◽

Paschalis Gkoutsidis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crop Production ◽

Soil Analysis ◽

Irrigation System ◽

Mineral Fertilizer ◽

Olive Mill Wastewater ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Fertilizer Treatment ◽

Mineral Fertilization ◽

Maize Production ◽

Olive Mill

The present study investigates the potential of olive mill wastewater, treated by microfiltration and XAD4 macroporous resin, to be used as liquid fertilizer in maize production through a 2-year field experiment. The treated olive mill wastewater (T-OMWW) was applied at two rates of 25 t and 50 t per ha per year, supplemented with mineral fertilization. There was also a treatment involving the application of only T-OMWW at the rate of 50 t per ha per year, and an only mineral fertilizer treatment. Mineral fertilizers and T-OMWW were applied progressively through a drip irrigation system. Maize grain and soil analysis showed that T-OMWW was capable to meet crop requirements in N, P and K, and increase soil N, P and K availability. There was a tendency for increasing soil Na and electrical conductivity (EC) using the higher rate of T-OMWW. Therefore, for sustainable agriculture, it may be safer to apply the T-OMWW at the lower rate of 25 t per ha per year, or use the higher rate of 50 t per ha every other year.

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Substitution of Mineral Fertilizer with Organic Fertilizer in Maize Systems: A Meta-Analysis of Reduced Nitrogen and Carbon Emissions

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10081149 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 1149

Author(s):

Zhibiao Wei ◽

Hao Ying ◽

Xiaowei Guo ◽

Minghao Zhuang ◽

Zhenling Cui ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Meta Analysis ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Mineral Fertilizer ◽

Maize Yield ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Nitrogen Use ◽

Soil Organic Carbon Sequestration ◽

Organic And Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

Organic Carbon Sequestration

Organic fertilizer is an effective substitute for mineral fertilizer that improves crop yield and is environmentally friendly. However, the effects of substitution often vary due to complicated interactions among the organic fertilizer substitution rate (Rs), total nutrient supply, and type of cropping system used. We performed a meta-analysis of 133 maize studies, conducted worldwide, to assess maize yield and environmental performance with substitution of mineral fertilizer with organic fertilizer. At an equivalent nitrogen (N) rate, substituting mineral fertilizer with organic fertilizer increased maize yield by 4.22%, reduced NH3 volatilization by 64.8%, reduced N leaching and runoff by 26.9%, and increased CO2 emissions by 26.8%; however, it had no significant effect on N2O or CH4 emissions. Moreover, substitution with organic fertilizer increased the soil organic carbon sequestration rate by 925 kg C ha−1 yr−1 and decreased the global warming potential by 116 kg CO2 eq ha−1 compared with mineral fertilizer treatment. The net global warming potential after organic fertilizer substitution was −3507 kg CO2 eq ha−1, indicating a net carbon sink. Furthermore, the effect of organic fertilizer substitution varied with the fertilization rate, Rs, and treatment duration. Maize yield and nitrogen use efficiency tended to increase with increasing N application rate following substitution of mineral fertilizer with organic fertilizer. Full substitution reduced N losses more than partial substitution. Further analysis revealed that the yield-optimal Rs for organic N in maize production was 40–60%. Moreover, maize yield and nitrogen use efficiency were further increased after long-term (≥ 3 years) combined use of organic and mineral fertilizers. These findings suggest that rational use of organic and mineral fertilizers improves maize productivity, increases soil organic carbon sequestration, and reduces N and C losses.

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