Factors associated with the consumption of ultra-processed food by Brazilian adolescents: National Survey of School Health, 2015

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the prevalence and factors associated with the consumption of ultra-processed foods by Brazilian adolescents. Methods: The sample was representative of adolescents and participants in the cross-sectional population-based study National Survey of School Health, 2015 edition (PeNSE-2015). A self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. The variable weekly consumption of ultra-processed foods was considered, and consumption more than seven times a week was considered excessive. Descriptive and inferential analyses of demographic, socioeconomic, behavioral and environmental characteristics potentially associated with the outcome were performed. Poisson's multiple regression model was adjusted to control for confounding factors. Results: The prevalence of excessive consumption of ultra-processed foods among 16,324 adolescents in Brazil was 75.4%. Nine factors independently associated with this outcome were identified: age under 15 years (RR 1.08; p<0.001), daily sitting time greater than four hours (RR 1.13; p<0.001), eating while watching TV or studying more than four days a week (RR 1.09; p<0.001), daily TV time greater than three hours (RR 1.08; p<0.001), breakfast frequency less than four days a week (RR 1,03; p=0.001), having a cell phone (RR 1.12; p<0.001), absent maternal education (RR 0.88; p<0.001), being enrolled in a private school (RR 1.05; p=0.002) located in the urban area (RR 1.13; p=0.002). Conclusions: The results express the multifactorial characteristic of excessive consumption of ultra-processed foods and suggest the need for the development and implementation of health policies to guide the consumption of these foods and the importance of adopting healthy behaviors for this population group in both school and home environments.

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Racial and regional inequalities of dental pain in adolescents: Brazilian National Survey of School Health (PeNSE), 2009 to 2015

Cadernos de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/0102-311x00108620 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 37 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Francine Costa ◽

Andrea Wendt ◽

Caroline Costa ◽

Luiz Alexandre Chisini ◽

Bernardo Agostini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Schools ◽

National Survey ◽

School Health ◽

Maternal Education ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Dental Pain ◽

Northern Region ◽

School Type ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Over Time

Abstract: The aim of the study is: (a) investigate the racial inequalities as one specific dimension that affects dental pain in Brazilian adolescents; and (b) investigate the regional variations of dental pain. This cross-sectional study used data from Brazilian National Survey of School Health (PeNSE), carried out with adolescents in 2009, 2012 and 2015. Dental pain was evaluated through the question: “Did you have dental pain in the last six months?”. The main exposures were race and Brazilian regions, used to evaluate inequalities related to the outcome. Sex, age, school type and maternal education were used as covariables. The statistical significance of the trends in dental pain was tested using linear regression. The analysis was conducted in Stata 13.0 statistical package using the svy command. The standard prevalence of dental pain was 18.8%, 21.1% and 23.7%, showing an increasing trend over time (p < 0.001). We observed absolute inequalities in dental pain related to race and regions. A higher prevalence was found in non-white girls of public schools and in the Northern Region. The indexes of inequalities increased in the group of black girls, related to an increase of dental pain predominantly in girls whose mothers had lower educational level. It was observed that the prevalence of dental pain in Brazilian adolescents increased over time as well as its inequalities, which remained in marginalized populations and linked to Brazilian regions.

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Factors associated with dating violence in young university students of Veracruz - Boca del Río

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.1072 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

S I Valencia Almeida ◽

J E Villegas Domínguez ◽

E A Villegas Vázquez ◽

J C Leyva Chipol ◽

F G Márquez Celedonio

Keyword(s):

Public Schools ◽

University Students ◽

Dating Violence ◽

Private School ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Research Question ◽

Social Situation ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Del Rio

Abstract Introduction In the Mexican - American population, violence occurs between 10 and 40% of initial affective relationships. Veracruz is one of the main Mexican states that suffers violence and is the one with the largest number of femicides (3.44 per 100,000 women). Research question: what are the associated factors in the victimization in the courtship of young university students from the Veracruz - Boca del Río conurbation zone? Methods A cross-sectional, prospective, observational and analytical study was conducted from August to November 2019. University students enrolled in a higher education educational program in public and private universities of Veracruz-Boca del Río, who have had the minus a dating relationship and those who did not agree to participate were excluded. Violence in dating was quantified with the “Questionnaire on Violence in Dating (CUVINO)” (Alfa Cronbach 0.91). The spss v22 software was used to analyze the data. Results 680 participants were included, distributed in private schools (56.47%) and public schools (43.52%), with 444 (65.2%) women and 236 (34.7%) men. The prevalence of dating violence was 74.9%, however, only 21.6% of the participants considered having had such a relationship. The factors associated with dating violence were studying in a private school (OR = 0.62 IC95% 0.4-0.9), witnessing some act of violence in your family (OR = 1.47 IC95% 1.02-2.12), meeting a friend with a relationship violent (OR = 2.0 95% CI 1.4-2.9), believe that abuse exists in courtship (OR = 4.7 95% CI 2.9-7.4) and suspect that you may be in a violent relationship (OR = 4.67 95% CI 2.22- 9.83), while not witnessing any act of violence in your family (OR = 0.61 95% CI 0.4-0.8) is a protective factor to avoid violence in dating, all these values with p < 0.05. It was not associated with violence. Conclusions Violence in dating is associated with behaviors of family members and friends of the violent. Key messages The social situation close to a person influences the violence allowed in their courtship. Young people normalize violence in a relationship, since many of them do not identify it when living it.

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Hygienic practices during menstruation among adolescent school girls

Northern International Medical College Journal ◽

10.3329/nimcj.v7i2.29657 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 139-142

Author(s):

Farhana Salim ◽

Nasreen Begum

Keyword(s):

Reproductive Health ◽

School Health ◽

Maternal Education ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Issues ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Menstrual Hygiene ◽

Sanitary Napkin ◽

Minimum Age ◽

School Girls

Objective : To assess the hygienic practices during menstruation among adolescent school girls in selected secondary rural schools.Methods : This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted from November to December, 2015. Study area was selected on choice were four upazilas of Kishoreganj, Lakshmipur, Barguna and Sirajganj District. From the study area 15 schools were selected on the basis of convenience and accessibility. Data were collected from 438 purposively selected adolescent unmarried school girls aged 15-18 years and studying in class IX and X, through face to face interview by pretested questionnaire. Data were analyzed by using software SPSS version 20.Results : The result of the study revealed that majority (52%) participants were using cloths and 48.4% were using sanitary napkin for menstrual hygiene management. About half of the participants got the information about menstrual and reproductive health from family members. Thirty five percent (35%) girls do not attend school during first two days of menstruation. Majority (69%) of the girls never change pad and 45% complained about unavailability of water at school. However, knowledge of reproductive health issues like minimum age at marriage (18yrs, 85.8%), minimum age of child birth (20yrs, 89%) and need for extra nutrition during pregnancy (99.0%) was quite satisfactory. The level of maternal education and economic condition were significantly associated with sanitary napkin use.Conclusion : The study revealed that higher percentage of participants was not using sanitary napkins, although their knowledge regarding menstrual and reproductive health issues is satisfactory. Implementation of school health programs for adolescents should emphasis on menstrual hygiene management.Northern International Medical College Journal Vol.7(2) Jan 2016: 139-142

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Factors Associated with Unmet Need for Family Planning among Married Reproductive Age Women in Toke Kutaye District, Oromia, Ethiopia

International Journal of Reproductive Medicine ◽

10.1155/2021/5514498 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Abebe Tadesse G/Meskel ◽

Habtamu Oljira Desta ◽

Elias Teferi Bala

Keyword(s):

Family Planning ◽

Maternal Education ◽

Health Workers ◽

Unmet Need ◽

Married Women ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Reproductive Age Women ◽

Living Children

Background. It is estimated that more than 142 million married women in developing countries have an unmet need for family planning. This study is aimed at identifying factors associated with the unmet need of family planning among married women of reproductive age in Toke Kutaye district, Ethiopia in 2019. Methods. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Toke Kutaye district from March 1–30, 2019. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select 494 reproductive-age women who were married during data collection. Data were collected using a pretested structured questionnaire. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to assess factors associated with the unmet need of family planning at 95% CI with a p value of ≤ 0.05. Result. The prevalence of unmet need for family planning in the Toke Kutaye district was 23.1% [95% CI (19.2-26.7)], with 15.2% for spacing and 7.9% for limiting. Women’s education [AOR, 3.64, 95% CI: 1.43-9.25], number of living children [AOR, 2.63, 95% CI: 1.37-5.05], husband disapproval of family planning [AOR, 3.68, 95% CI: 2.20-6.16], and discussion with healthcare providers on family planning [AOR, 0.20, 95% CI: 0.13-0.37] were significantly associated with unmet need for family planning. Conclusion. The prevalence of unmet need for family planning was high. Therefore, program managers, partners, and health workers should work to address the gaps in maternal education, the number of living children, partner disapproval of family planning, and discussion on family planning issues through enhancing female education, awareness on family planning, and male involvement in family planning services.

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Factors associated with childhood influenza vaccination in Israel: a cross-sectional evaluation

Israel Journal of Health Policy Research ◽

10.1186/s13584-019-0349-x ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Aharona Glatman-Freedman ◽

Kanar Amir ◽

Rita Dichtiar ◽

Hila Zadka ◽

Ifat Vainer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Influenza Vaccine ◽

Influenza Vaccination ◽

Vaccine Coverage ◽

Population Group ◽

Vaccine Uptake ◽

Arab Population ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Vaccine Acceptance ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Beneficial Effects

Abstract Background Vaccinating children against influenza has shown both direct and indirect beneficial effects. However, despite being offered free of charge, childhood influenza vaccine coverage in Israel has been low. Our objective was to evaluate the factors associated with childhood influenza vaccination in Israel. Methods A cross-sectional language-specific telephone survey was conducted among adults 18 years or older, to examine childhood influenza vaccination practices and their associations with socio-demographic and relevant health variables. We further explored the reasons for these practices among parents. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with childhood influenza vaccine acceptance. Results Of a total of 6518 individuals contacted by mobile phone, 1165 eligible parents, ≥18 years old with children 1–18 years of age, were interviewed, and 1040 of them completed the survey successfully. Overall, factors associated with childhood influenza vaccination were younger child’s age, influenza vaccination of other family members and belonging to the Arab population group. No association was found between childhood influenza vaccination and routine childhood vaccine uptake. Several of the parents’ reasons for vaccine acceptance - preventing influenza or its transmission, awareness regarding the need for influenza vaccination and receipt of invitation to get vaccinated - differed significantly between Jewish and Arab parents. Several reasons reported by parents for not vaccinating children against influenza, indicated a likelihood to accept influenza vaccine outreach efforts. Such reasons were reported by 27.5% of Jewish parents and 37.5% of Arab parents. Conclusions We found that certain demographic factors were associated with childhood influenza vaccination in Israel. Several reasons described by the parent for not vaccinating their children indicate that outreach efforts are likely to increase childhood influenza vaccination. Addressing population group-specific needs is recommended to optimize the success of influenza vaccine outreach efforts.

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Factors that influence mothers’ prenatal decision to breastfeed in Spain

International Breastfeeding Journal ◽

10.1186/s13006-020-00341-5 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ana Ballesta-Castillejos ◽

Juan Gómez-Salgado ◽

Julián Rodríguez-Almagro ◽

Inmaculada Ortiz-Esquinas ◽

Antonio Hernández-Martínez

Keyword(s):

Online Survey ◽

Maternal Education ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Ethics Committee ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Online Study ◽

Multiple Factors ◽

Intention To Breastfeed ◽

Significant Factors

Abstract Background Parents’ decisions about how to feed their newborns are influenced by multiple factors. Our objective was to identify the factors that can influence the decision to breastfeed. Methods Cross-sectional observational online study was conducted in Spain on women who gave birth between 2013 and 2018. The total number of participants was 5671. Data collection was after approval by the ethics committee in 2019. The data were collected retrospectively because the information was obtained from women who were mothers during the years 2013–2018. An online survey was distributed to breastfeeding associations and postpartum groups. Multivariate analysis with binary logistic regression was done to calculate the Adjusted Odds Ratios (aOR). The main result variable was “intention to breastfeed”. Results Ninety-seven percent (n = 5531) of women made the decision to breastfeed prior to giving birth. The internet played a role in deciding to breastfeed in 33.7% (n = 2047) of women, while 20.1% (n = 1110) said the same thing about their midwife. We identified five significant factors associated with the mother’s prenatal decision to breastfeed: attending maternal education (aOR 2.10; 95% CI 1.32, 3.34), having two (aOR 0.52; 95% CI 0.28, 0.99) and three children (aOR 0.24; 95% CI 0.10, 0.59), previous breastfeeding experience (aOR 6.99; 95% CI 3.46, 14.10), support from partner (aOR 1.58; 95% CI 1.09,2.28) and having a condition during pregnancy (aOR 0.62; 95% CI 0.43, 0.91). Conclusions Factors related with previous breastfeeding experience and education for mothers are decisive when it comes to making the decision to breastfeed. Given the proven influence that partners have in decision-making, it is important for them to be fully involved in the process.

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The causes of bullying: results from the National Survey of School Health (PeNSE)

Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem ◽

10.1590/0104-1169.0022.2552 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 275-282 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Wanderlei Abadio de Oliveira ◽

Marta Angélica Iossi Silva ◽

Flávia Carvalho Malta de Mello ◽

Denise Lopes Porto ◽

Andréa Cristina Mariano Yoshinaga ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Schools ◽

National Survey ◽

School Health ◽

Epidemiological Survey ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

School Bullying ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

9Th Grade ◽

Private And Public ◽

Brazilian Students

Objective: to identify the characteristics and reasons reported by Brazilian students for school bullying. Method: this cross-sectional study uses data from an epidemiological survey (National Survey of School Health) conducted in 2012. A total of 109,104 9th grade students from private and public schools participated. Data were collected through a self-applied questionnaire and the analysis was performed using SPSS, version 20, Complex Samples Module. Results: the prevalence of bullying was 7.2%, most frequently affecting Afro-descendant or indigenous younger boys, whose mothers were characterized by low levels of education. In regard to the reasons/causes of bullying, 51.2% did not specify; the second highest frequency of victimization was related to body appearance (18.6%); followed by facial appearance (16.2%); race/color (6.8%); sexual orientation 2.9%; religion 2.5%; and region of origin 1.7%. The results are similar to those found in other sociocultural contexts. Conclusion: the problem belongs to the health field because it gathers aspects that determine the students' health-disease-care continuum.

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Birth defects in the Brazilian side of the triple border: a population-based cross-sectional study

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.973 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

F K Nampo ◽

S Souza ◽

C R Pestana

Keyword(s):

Birth Defects ◽

Birth Defect ◽

Cleft Lip ◽

Maternal Education ◽

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Major Birth Defect

Abstract Background Major birth defects are characterized by its severity and are a public health challenge since it chronically affects the population. Foz do Iguassu is located in Brazili's largest international border and presents a birth defect rate 50% greater than the country's average. Methods Identifying factors associated to birth defects is important to guide preventive actions toward modifiable risk factors and target the most susceptible population. In this cross-sectional study we measured the prevalence of major birth defects and associated maternal sociodemographic factors in Foz do Iguassu. Data were collected from a governmental registry and included all births that occurred in the city between 2012 to 2017. The variables measured were maternal education, maternal race, country of residence, maternal parity and onset of prenatal care. Data were analyzed through logistic regression models to verify the maternal sociodemographic factors associated with major birth defects. Results 26,214 births were analyzed; among the 305 birth defects registered, 140 (46%) corresponded to a major birth defect. Cleft lip and/or palate and gastroschisis were the most prevalent major birth defect (9.5/10,000 live births and 6.83/10,000 live births, respectively). Maternal education up to 7 years was the only variable associated with the major birth defects (ORadj=1.58; CI = 1.07-2.33; p = 0.02). Maternal age was associated with gastroschisis (mean: 21.5 years; p = 0.002) and Down syndrome (mean: 33.5 years; p = 0.007). Conclusions In this area, cleft lip and/or palate and gastroschisis are the most common major birth defects, and maternal education is weakly associated with major birth defects. Key messages The epidemiology of major birth defects in this area differs from Brazil’s. Future research should focus on inherent risk factors for congenital defects and exposure to teratogens.

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Factors associated with low birth weight in Afghanistan: a cross-sectional analysis of the demographic and health survey 2015

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025715 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. e025715 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Rajat Das Gupta ◽

Krystal Swasey ◽

Vanessa Burrowes ◽

Mohammad Rashidul Hashan ◽

Gulam Muhammed Al Kibria

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Health Survey ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Maternal Education ◽

Multivariable Analysis ◽

Demographic And Health Survey ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated

ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the factors associated with low birth weight (LBW) in Afghanistan.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingThis study used data collected from the Afghanistan Demographic and Health Survey 2015.ParticipantsFacility-based data from 2773 weighted live-born children enrolled by a two-stage sampling strategy were included in our analysis.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcome was LBW, defined as birth weight <2.5kg.ResultsOut of 2773 newborns, 15.5% (n=431) had LBW. Most of these newborns were females (58.3%, n=251), had a mother with no formal schooling (70.5%, n=304), lived in urban areas (63.4%, n=274) or lived in the Central region of Afghanistan (59.7%, n=257). In multivariable analysis, residence in Central (adjusted OR (AOR): 3.4; 95% CI 1.7 to 6.7), Central Western (AOR: 3.0; 95% CI 1.5 to 5.8) and Southern Western (AOR: 4.0; 95% CI 1.7 to 9.1) regions had positive association with LBW. On the other hand, male children (AOR: 0.5; 95% CI 0.4 to 0.8), newborns with primary maternal education (AOR: 0.5; 95% CI 0.3 to 0.8), birth interval ≥48 months (AOR: 0.4; 95% CI 0.1 to 0.8), belonging to the richest wealth quintile (AOR: 0.2; 95% CI 0.1 to 0.6) and rural residence (AOR: 0.3; 95% CI 0.2 to 0.6) had decreased odds of LBW.ConclusionsMultiple factors had association with LBW in Afghanistan. Maternal, Neonatal and Child Health programmes should focus on enhancing maternal education and promoting birth spacing to prevent LBW. To reduce the overall burden of LBW, women of the poorest wealth quintiles, and residents of Central, Central Western and South Western regions should also be prioritised. Further exploration is needed to understand why urban areas are associated with higher likelihood of LBW. In addition, research using nationally representative samples are required.

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