scholarly journals Ação de tinturas e óleos essenciais de plantas medicinais sobre o crestamento bacteriano comum do feijoeiro e na produção de proteínas de indução de resistência

2009 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 293-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Cristina Vigo ◽  
Antonio Carlos Maringoni ◽  
Renata de Cássia Camara ◽  
Giuseppina P.P. Lima
Keyword(s):  
Rosmarinus Officinalis ◽  
Hedera Helix ◽  
Cinnamomum Zeylanicum ◽  
Xanthomonas Axonopodis ◽  
Lippia Sidoides ◽  
Lippia Alba ◽  
Mikania Glomerata

A exploração da atividade biológica de compostos secundários presentes nas tinturas ou em óleos essenciais de plantas podem representar, ao lado da indução de resistência, mais uma forma potencial de controle de doenças em plantas cultivadas. O presente trabalho objetivou avaliar o potencial de tinturas de Lippia alba, Lippia sidoides, Mikania glomerata, Equisetum sp. e Hedera helix e óleos essenciais de Rosmarinus officinalis e Cinnamomum zeylanicum nas atividades in vitro, in vivo e na produção de proteínas na indução de resistência, em plantas de feijão vagem cultivar Bragança. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que as tinturas de L. alba e L. sidoides e os óleos essenciais (R. officinalis e C. zeylanicum) apresentaram atividade in vitro aos isolados de Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli. Todas as tinturas ensaiadas apresentaram menores valores do progresso da doença (AACPD), em relação à testemunha, merecendo destaque a tintura de L. alba, que estavam correlacionadas com os maiores teores de polifenoloxidase, peroxidase e proteínas solúveis totais, evidenciando uma possível indução de resistência. Os óleos essenciais não apresentaram diferença na AACPD e nem na indução de proteínas.

scholarly journals Φαρμακοκινητικές αλληλεπιδράσεις φαρμάκων με φυτοθεραπευτικά σκευάσματα

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Μάριος Σπανάκης
Keyword(s):  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Rhodiola Rosea ◽  
Crocus Sativus ◽  
Horse Chestnut ◽  
Evening Primrose Oil ◽  
Hedera Helix ◽  
Evening Primrose ◽  
Agnus Castus

Τα φυτοθεραπευτικά σκευάσματα (φυτικά φαρμακευτικά προϊόντα) αποτελούν σκευάσματα τα οποία περιέχουν ως συστατικά ενώσεις φυτικής προέλευσης ή τμήματα φυτικού υλικού. Τα φυτοθεραπευτικά σκευάσματα χαρακτηρίζονται και διατίθενται ως συμπληρώματα διατροφής ή σκευάσματα συμπληρωματικών - εναλλακτικών θεραπειών. Τα τυποποιημένα φυτικά φαρμακευτικά προϊόντα γενικά χαρακτηρίζονται ως ασφαλή σκευάσματα, παρόλα αυτά, η ταυτόχρονη χρήση τους κατά τη λήψη συμβατικής θεραπευτικής αγωγής από ασθενείς πρέπει να λαμβάνεται υπόψη για την αποφυγή πιθανών προβλημάτων όσον αφορά την αποτελεσματικότητα και την ασφάλεια των λαμβανόμενων συμβατικών φαρμάκων. Σκοπός της παρούσας διατριβής ήταν να μελετήσει τo ενδεχόμενο πρόκλησης φαρμακοκινητικών αλληλεπιδράσεων μεταξύ φαρμάκων και τυποποιημένων φυτοθεραπευτικών σκευασμάτων καθώς και να εκτιμήσει την κλινική σημασία τους. Η μελέτη επικεντρώθηκε στην εκκριτική λειτουργία της Ρ-γλυκοπρωτεΐνης (P-gp), η οποία διαδραματίζει σημαντικό ρόλο στην απορρόφηση φαρμάκων από το έντερο καθώς και στο μεταβολισμό από τα κυτοχρώματα Ρ-450 (CYPs) τα οποία παίζουν σημαντικό ρόλο στο μεταβολισμό των φαρμάκων. Η επίδραση των φυτοθεραπευτικών εκχυλισμάτων μελετήθηκε όσον αφορά την εκκριτική λειτουργία της Ρ-γλυκοπρωτεΐνης στα Caco-2 κύτταρα εκτιμώντας το φαινόμενο συντελεστή διαπερατότητας της ροδαμίνης-123. Η μεταβολική δραστηριότητα των ανασυνδυασμένων CYPs μελετήθηκε με τη χρήση προτύπων φαρμάκων όπως της φαινακετίνης από το CYP1A2, της S-βαρφαρίνης από το CYP2C9 και της δεξτρομεθορφάνης από το CYP2D6 και CYP3A4. Για την ποσοτικοποίηση των προτύπων ενώσεων και των μεταβολιτών τους αναπτύχθηκαν και επικυρώθηκαν αξιόπιστες SIM GC/MS και HPLC/UV βιοαναλυτικές μέθοδοι. Τα αποτελέσματα των in vitro πειραμάτων αναλύθηκαν περαιτέρω με την εφαρμογή της πλατφόρμας πληθυσμιακής φαρμακοκινητικής Simcyp® για να εκτιμηθεί η πιθανή κλινική σημασία των αποτελεσμάτων τα οποία θα αιτιολογούσαν τη διενέργεια μιας in vivo μελέτης φαρμακοκινητικής αλληλεπίδρασης μεταξύ ενός φυτοθεραπευτικού σκευάσματος και της λοσαρτάνης που αποτελεί υπόστρωμα της P-gp και μεταβολίζεται από τα CYP2C9 και CYP3A4. Τα τυποποιημένα φυτοθεραπευτικά σκευάσματα που επιλέχθηκαν να μελετηθούν στην παρούσα εργασία ήταν τα: Agnus castus, Aloe vera, Artichoke, Crocus sativus, Evening primrose oil, Ginseng, Guarana, Hawthorn, Hedera helix, Horse chestnut, Lobelia, Rhodiolarosea and Senna. Τα αποτελέσματα των επωάσεων με τα Caco-2 κύτταρα και τα ανασυνδυασμένα CYPs έδειξαν ότι τα φυτοθεραπευτικά σκευάσματα Rhodiola rosea, Artichoke, Agnus castus, Ginseng και Senna επηρέασαν περισσότερο από όλα την εκκριτική λειτουργία της P-gp και το μεταβολισμό μέσω των CYPs. Τα αποτελέσματα από το Simcyp® έδειξαν ότι τα σκευάσματα της Rhodiola rosea και του Artichoke παρουσίασαν το μεγαλύτερο ενδιαφέρον για περαιτέρω διερεύνηση σε επίπεδο κλινικών μελετών για πιθανές φαρμακοκινητικές αλληλεπιδράσεις με φάρμακα που αποτελούν υποστρώματα της P-gp και των CYPs. Η in vivo φαρμακοκινητική μελέτη που διερεύνησε την αλληλεπίδραση της λοσαρτάνης με το σκεύασμα της Rhodiola rosea επιβεβαίωσε σε ένα βαθμό τα in vitro αποτελέσματα και τις εκτιμήσεις από το Simcyp®.

scholarly journals In vitro antimicrobial activity and alternative control of anthracnose in papaya

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Héber Ferreira dos Reis ◽  
Lilian Maria Arruda Bacchi ◽  
Silvana de Paula Quintão Scalon ◽  
Jasna Karoliny Pereira Flores
Keyword(s):  
Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Alternative Control ◽  
Ginger Extract ◽  
Cinnamomum Zeylanicum ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACT: We evaluated the efficacy of natural products in the control of papaya anthracnose, in vitro and in vivo. The in vitro experiments for evaluation of mycelial growth used a completely randomized 10 × 4 factorial design (treatments × evaluation periods) with eight replicates, with sporulation evaluated at the end of the experiment. The treatments involved the use of aqueous extract at concentrations of 5 and 15% for Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & Perry (clove), Cinnamomum zeylanicum Breym (cinnamon), and Zingiber officinalis Rox. (ginger); 1 and 3% chitosan; the fungicide Prochloraz at 100 µg.mL-1; and a control (no treatment). For evaluating conidia germination, we used six treatments with five replicates. The treatments included 7.5% of each extract (clove, cinnamon, and ginger), 1.5% chitosan, and 50 µg.mL-1 of Prochloraz. For the in vivo experiment, “Formosa” papaya “Tainung 1” was used in a completely randomized design, with six treatments and four replicates to evaluate the severity of anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. The fruits were treated by immersion for 5 min with 15% clove, cinnamon, and ginger extracts, 8% chitosan, and control with distilled water, and immersion for 2 min in Prochloraz (33.75 g a.i./100 L). The treatments with 15% clove extract and 8% chitosan were effective in all evaluations, resulting in a viable alternative to the fungicide Prochloraz. The treatments with ginger extract were less effective and those with cinnamon offered intermediate control.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ESSENTIAL OIL OF CINNAMOMUM ZEYLANICUM, EUGENIA CARYOPHYLLATA, AND ROSMARINUS OFFICINALIS AGAINST STREPTOCOCCUS ORALIS

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samira Hsaine ◽  
Reda Charof ◽  
Khadija Ounine
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Cinnamomum Zeylanicum ◽  
Streptococcus Oralis ◽  
In Vitro Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Broth Dilution

Objective: Streptococcus oralis plays an important role in the biofilm formation of dental plaque and the occurrence of periodontal disease. Thepresent study was conducted to evaluate in vitro antibacterial activity of three essential oils, namely, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Eugenia caryophyllata,and Rosmarinus officinalis against S. oralis.Methods: The antibacterial activity of essential oils was investigated by diffusion method using sterile discs (or aromatograms). The minimuminhibitory concentration (MIC) of essential oils showing important antibacterial activity was measured using the broth dilution method.Results: Evaluation of the antibacterial activity of three essential oils as determined by the aromatogram technique showed that the essential oilof R. officinalis had no effect on S. oralis, while the latter was extremely sensitive to the other two essential oils, but with a higher efficiency of theessential oil of C. zeylanicum (42 mm diameter) than E. caryophyllata (20 mm diameter). Similarly, the MIC and minimum bactericidal concentration(MBC) were higher for the essential oil of C. zeylanicum than the essential oil of E. caryophyllata. The MBC/MIC ratio is of the order of 2. The essentialoils studied therefore appear to exert bactericidal activity against S. oralis.Conclusion: The findings suggest that essential oils of C. zeylanicum and E. caryophyllata may be used as an alternative to synthetic antibiotics.Keywords: Essential oil, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Eugenia caryophyllata, Rosmarinus officinalis, Antimicrobial activity, Streptococcus oralis.

Haemonchus contortus: In vitro and in vivo anthelmintic activity of aqueous and hydro-alcoholic extracts of Hedera helix

2007 ◽  
Vol 116 (4) ◽  
pp. 340-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Eguale ◽  
G. Tilahun ◽  
A. Debella ◽  
A. Feleke ◽  
E. Makonnen
Keyword(s):  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Hedera Helix

scholarly journals The Therapeutic Potential of Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) Diterpenes for Alzheimer’s Disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solomon Habtemariam
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Neuronal Cell Death ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis ◽  
Brain Inflammation ◽  
Important Species

Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalisL.) is one of the most economically important species of the family Lamiaceae. Native to the Mediterranean region, the plant is now widely distributed all over the world mainly due to its culinary, medicinal, and commercial uses including in the fragrance and food industries. Among the most important group of compounds isolated from the plant are the abietane-type phenolic diterpenes that account for most of the antioxidant and many pharmacological activities of the plant. Rosemary diterpenes have also been shown in recent years to inhibit neuronal cell death induced by a variety of agents bothin vitroandin vivo. The therapeutic potential of these compounds for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is reviewed in this communication by giving special attention to the chemistry of the compounds along with the various pharmacological targets of the disease. The multifunctional nature of the compounds from the general antioxidant-mediated neuronal protection to other specific mechanisms including brain inflammation and amyloid beta (Aβ) formation, polymerisation, and pathologies is discussed.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial activity of essential oils from Lippia alba, Lippia sidoides, Cymbopogon citrates, Plectranthus amboinicus, and Cinnamomum zeylanicum against Mycobacterium tuberculosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aquiles Paulino Peres Mota ◽  
João Carlos Pinheiro Dantas ◽  
Cristiane Cunha Frota
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antimycobacterial Activity ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Cinnamomum Zeylanicum ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Lippia Sidoides ◽  
Lippia Alba ◽  
Plectranthus Amboinicus

ABSTRACT: The rise in cases of antibiotic-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis has become a major obstacle to the effective control of tuberculosis (TB) worldwide. Essential oils (EO) are complex mixtures that may contain between 20 and 60 components, with two or three major compounds at relatively high concentrations (20-70%) that are responsible for their pharmacological properties. The objective of this study was to assess the antimicrobial activity of the EOs, bushy lippia (Lippia alba), rosemary pepper (Lippia sidoides), lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus), Mexican mint or Indian borage (Plectranthus amboinicus), and true cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum), against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv. Chemical characterization of the EOs was performed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by the microdilution-based resazurin microtiter assay. Four EOs were able to inhibit the growth of M. tuberculosis, with MICs of 286.5±130.2μg/mL (C. zeylanicum), 299.5±117.2μg/mL (L. sidoides), 351.6±39.06μg/mL (P. amboinicus), and 1,250μg/mL (C. citratus). Only the EO of L. alba showed no antimycobacterial activity at the tested concentrations, with an MIC greater than 1,250µg/mL. Results of this study suggested that C. zeylanicum, L. sidoides, and P. amboinicus could be important sources of bactericidal compounds against M. tuberculosis and require further investigation. The activity against M. tuberculosis of these three EOs has not been reported previously. The results show the high potential of the tested antimycobacterial EOs, making them a promising alternative for TB treatment. This data also confirms the importance of bioprospecting studies for active substances with antimycobacterial activity, which are still scarce.

scholarly journals Revisión documental de uso de los aceites esenciales obtenidos de Lippia alba (Verbenaceae), como alternativa antibacteriana y antifúngica

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jovanna Acero-Godoy ◽  
Tomas Guzmán-Hernández ◽  
Carlos Muñoz-Ruíz
Keyword(s):  
Lippia Alba

Los antibióticos, son compuestos químicos que se utilizan para erradicar algunos microorganismos patógenos, sin embargo según informes de la OMS, se ha desarrollado resistencia a los antibióticos por parte de algunos microorganismos de importancia clínica; lo cual ha limitado las opciones de tratamiento por parte de los profesionales de la salud a los pacientes. Por lo anterior, se ha visto la necesidad de buscar terapias alternativas como el uso de AE (Aceites Esenciales) de plantas aromáticas como una biosolución a los tratamientos convencionales con muy buenos resultados. Los AE, obtenidos por hidrodestilación de la planta Lippia alba, la cual está distribuida ampliamente en Latinoamérica han presentado resultados promisorios por la gran variedad de compuestos volátiles como citral, carvona, mirceno entre los más abundantes y otros 30 compuestos aproximadamente; la variación en la concentración de los compuestos depende de diversos factores fenotípicos y genotípicos, así como ambientales; diferentes investigaciones han demostrado como la extracción del aceite de las hojas y su uso tanto in vivo como in vitro han presentado actividad bactericida, bacteriostática, antifúngica, antiprotozoal, antitumoral, como sedante para el transporte de animales, como promotor de crecimiento animal, entre otros; esta revisión documental muestra algunas investigaciones realizadas con el aceite esencial de L. alba y los resultados obtenidos en las mismas.

scholarly journals REVISÃO DA LITERATURA SOBRE PLANTAS MEDICINAIS NO CONTEXTO DA PANDEMIA DE SARS-COV-2

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tayane Costa Morais
Keyword(s):  
In Silico ◽  
Eucalyptus Globulus ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Echinacea Angustifolia ◽  
Echinacea Pallida ◽  
Mauritia Flexuosa ◽  
Glycyrrhiza Glabra L ◽  
Mikania Glomerata

Introdução: COVID-19 é uma doença infecciosa causada pelo vírus SARS-CoV-2, que está causando crise sanitária e humanitária. Ainda não há medicamento e o modo de tratar tem sido principalmente de suporte. As comunidades científicas buscam encontrar agentes terapêuticos, como por exemplo, plantas tem sido alvo de estudos para o tratamento. Objetivo: Analisar os estudos recentes sobre plantas medicinais no contexto da pandemia de SARS-Cov-2. Materiais e Métodos: Revisão integrativa. Pergunta norteadora: quais os estudos recentes sobre as pesquisas envolvendo plantas medicinais no contexto da COVID-19? Critérios de inclusão: artigos, texto completo, recorte temporal de 2020 a junho de 2021. Idiomas: inglês, espanhol e português. Critérios de exclusão: fora da temática e não ser artigo científico. Bases de dados: BVS, SCIELO e LILACS. Descritores: Plantas Medicinais, COVID-19 e SARS-Cov-2. O instrumento para coleta de dados foi validado por Ursi (2005). Resultados: No BVS foram encontrados 526 estudos, Scielo 1 e LILACS 2. Critério de exclusão: 442 fora do tema, 15 fora do recorte temporal, 20 não eram artigo e 15 eram repetidos. Total de artigos estudados foram 36, sendo 72,2% de 2021. Foram estudos de 17 países, com 27,8% artigos da Índia e 8,34% do Brasil. As principais plantas estudadas foram: Allium sativum L.; Echinacea angustifolia D. C.; Echinacea pallida; Eucalyptus globulus Labill; Glycyrrhiza glabra L.; Mikania glomerata Spreng e Mauritia flexuosa L.. Os principais metabolitos estudados foram: Alicina, cistéina, Ácido chicórico, equinaceína, fitoesterois, Eucaliptol, hiperosídeo e Cumarinas, sesquiterpeno. Os estudos analisados demostram que essas espécies podem representar opções promissoras para o tratamento dos sintomas causados por agentes infecciosos. Um exemplo é a Mauritia flexuosa L. Ela possui 13-cis-β-caroteno, 9-cis -β-caroteno e α-caroteno e as análises da atividade anti-covid-19 se processaram utilizando métodos in silico de Docking Molecular, os resultados teóricos encorajam e permitem um direcionamento para estudos experimentais in vitro e in vivo. Conclusão: São pesquisas de revisão da literatura, estudos prospectivos, duplo cego, randomizado controlado por placebo. Auxiliam no combate a notícias falsas sobre profilaxia da COVID-19 utilizando plantas medicinais. É um campo de pesquisa importante, especialmente para o momento pandêmico, necessitando de investimento público e privado.

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