scholarly journals Damage quantification and reaction of bean genotypes (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) to Meloidogyne incognita race 3 and M. javanica

2012 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Nazário Silva dos Santos ◽  
Fábio Ramos Alves ◽  
Leônidas Leoni Belan ◽  
Pablo Diego Silva Cabral ◽  
Frederico de Pina Matta ◽  
...  

The damage and the resistance levels of cultivars and accessions of common beans rescued in the South and mountain regions of Espírito Santo State, Brazil, to M. incognita race 3 and M. javanica parasitism were evaluated under a greenhouse. Four rescued bean genotypes ("FORT-10", "FORT-13", "FORT-16" and "FORT-19") and 2 commercial cultivars: "Pérola", and "Aporé", were tested. The cultivar "Rico-23" was included as standard of susceptibility to nematodes and non-inoculated plants constituted the control. Thus, the experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design in 3 (treatments considering nematodes) x 7 (genotypes and bean cultivars) factorial arrangement, with 7 replicates. Data were measured at 50 days after plant inoculation. For damage quantification, the following variables were evaluated: plant height (PHE), number of nodes (NNO), number of trifoliate leaves (NRT), fresh matter weight (FWE) and dry matter weight (DWE) of shoots, root weight (RWE), number of root nodules (NRO) and final population (FPO) of nematodes per root system. There were no significant differences between the effects caused by M. incognita and M. javanica, but both species showed inferior values of PHE, NNO, NRT, RWE, FWE and DWE compared to controls. Concerning the levels of resistance of bean plants to M. incognita, the genotypes "FORT-10", "FORT-13", "Aporé" and "FORT-16" behaved as moderately resistant, the cultivars "Rico 23" and "Pérola" low resistant, and the genotype "FORT-19" as highly susceptible. When parasitized by M. javanica, the beans "FORT-19", "Rico-23", "FORT-16" and "FORT-13" were low resistant, "Pérola" and "Aporé" susceptible and "FORT-10" highly susceptible.

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Friday Ibrahim ◽  
S.I. Anebi ◽  
P. Michael Alogakho

A pot experiment was carried out at the Agronomy Teaching and Research Farm of the University of Agriculture Makurdi to determine the effect of manganese fertilizer on the growth and yield of rice. Treatment consists of five levels of Manganese (Mn) (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 kg ha-1) in form of MnSO4. The treatments were laid out in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications. The effect of Mn on the growth of rice indicate that there were no significant difference in the growth parameters measured with the exception of plant height at 8 weeks after planting and number of tillers at 4 weeks after planting. The tallest plants and highest number of tillers were obtained with 10 kg ha-1 Mn. The effect of Mn on the yield of rice indicate that there was a significant difference in the yield parameters measured with the exception of number of grain per panicle and root weight at 4 weeks after planting. Manganese at the rate of 10 kg ha-1 gave the highest grain yield (2,667 kg ha-1) and highest dry matter weight. Levels of Mn above 10 kg ha-1 led to yield decrease, therefore application of 10 kg ha-1 Mn was recommended for optimum yield of rice.


2020 ◽  
Vol 87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilian Katiany Castello Rabello Zinger ◽  
Fernando Domingo Zinger ◽  
Fábio Ramos Alves ◽  
Waldir Cintra de Jesus Junior ◽  
Angelo Oliveira Gonçalves ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT: Root-knot nematode is one of the most important phytosanitary problems for Conilon coffee, as it reduces productivity and is difficult to handle. We aimed at studying the infectivity and damage caused by M. incognita race 1 in the “Jequitibá Incaper 8122” intermediate maturity coffee variety. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, in completely randomized design, with five replicates. The clones composing the variety “Jequitibá Incaper 8122” were inoculated with 2,000 eggs + second-stage juveniles of M. incognita race 1. Uninoculated plants were the control. Evaluations were performed 180 days after inoculation, considering the plant height (H), stem diameter (SD), number of leaves (NOL), leaf area (LA), number of plagiotropic branches (NPB), number of nodes (NN), chlorophyll content (CHLO), shoot dry matter (SDM), root fresh matter (RFM), final population (FNP), and reproduction factor (NRF). The nematode reduced NOL in clones 208 and 209, NRF in clones 201, 203, 207 and 208, NN in clones 203, 207, 208 and 209, CHLO in clones 201, 204, 206, 207 and 209, SDM in clones 201, 203, 204 and 205 and RFM in clones 205 and 207. M. incognita race 1 FNP and NRF were larger in clones 208, 201, 207 and 203. Clone 202 had FNP and NRF equal to zero, being immune to the nematode. Clone 206 presented the lowest NRF value among clones parasitized by M. incognita.


2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 2995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriely Alves de Almeida ◽  
Vinicius Hicaro Frederico Abe ◽  
Ricardo Marcelo Gonçalves ◽  
Maria Isabel Balbi-Peña ◽  
Débora Cristina Santiago

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the active ingredient abamectin, either in isolation or in combination with fungicides and insecticides formulated for the industrial seed treatment, on the population of Meloidogyne javanica, tested under greenhouse and in vitro conditions. In both tests, the combination of the following treatments was assessed: abamectin; thiamethoxam; fludioxonil + metalaxyl-M + thiabendazole. Water was used as control for the in vitro assay, whereas under greenhouse conditions, controls were inoculated and not inoculated with M. javanica. The tests were conducted in a completely randomized design with six (in vitro) and ten (greenhouse) replicates. For in vitro studies the effect on hatching, motility, and mortality of juveniles of M. javanica was evaluated. Under greenhouse conditions, the soybean ‘BRS 133’ seeds were treated, and at 15, 30, and 60 days after inoculation (DAI) with M. javanica, plant measurements were recorded. The penetration of second stage juveniles (J2) was also evaluated at 15 DAI. At 30 DAI, galls, egg masses, nematodes/g of root, and final population were evaluated. At 60 DAI, the final population of nematodes in the roots was quantified. The treatments containing abamectin were the most effective in diminishing the hatching of juveniles. All treatments had an effect on nematode motility when compared to the control, and in the treatment containing only abamectin, total juvenile mortality was observed. In greenhouse conditions, at 15 DAI, the treated soybean plants had the highest root mass and shoot length, differing statistically from the inoculated control. All treatments reduced the number of nematodes per gram of root, differing from the control. At 30 DAI, treatment efficiency was observed in reducing the final population of M. javanica, particularly the treatments using abamectin, and abamectin + thiamethoxam + fludioxonil + metalaxyl-M + thiabendazole. However, at 60 DAI, the effect of the treatments on the population of M. javanica did not persist.


2020 ◽  
pp. 1236-1241
Author(s):  
Gustavo H. Sera ◽  
Filipe G. Carvalho ◽  
Inês C. de B. Fonseca ◽  
Luciana H. Shigueoka ◽  
Santino A. da Silva ◽  
...  

The aim of this study was to prove that Arabica coffee introgressed with C. liberica, have resistance to Meloidogyne paranaensis (Mp). Open pollinated fruits were harvested from mother plants of 29 Arabica coffee genotypes from the IAPAR germplasm bank. Seeds were collected from the fruits and were sown to obtain seedlings to test the resistance to Mp. The experiment was set up in a completely randomized design with 29 coffee genotypes, 8 replications, and one plant per plot. Cultivars Catuaí Vermelho IAC 99 and IPR 100 were used as susceptible and resistant checks, respectively. Seedlings with three to four pairs of leaves were inoculated with 1,400 eggs and juveniles J2 of Mp (IP). At 120 days after inoculation, seedlings were evaluated by counting the nematodes per gram of roots, and the final nematodes population was obtained (FP). The reproduction factor (RF) was calculated using the formula: RF = FP/IP. The reproduction factor reduction was used to classify the resistance levels of genotypes, which were classified as highly resistant (HR), resistant (R), moderately resistant (MR), moderately susceptible (MS), susceptible (S) an highly susceptible (HS). All genotypes differed from Catuaí in resistance factor (RF), five of which did not differ from IPR 100 for RF, and only the line IAPAR 15242 had RF < 1.0. Out of 28 Arabica genotypes introgressed with C. liberica, five HR, 11 R, 11 MR and one MS were identified. However, only IAPAR 15242 and IPR 100 were classified as HR and presented 100% of HR plants, but only the first showed an RF < 1.0. Results revealed that these Arabica coffee genotypes with introgression of C. liberica genes have great potential to be used in breeding programs and they are a new alternative as a source of resistance.


Irriga ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 764-770
Author(s):  
ANA RAQUEL DE MELO ◽  
JOSÉ FLÁVIO FERREIRA DE SOUSA ◽  
CRISTIANE NUNES CONCEIÇÃO ◽  
MARIA ROSELANE ALVES OLIVEIRA

CONDITIONING OF SEEDLINGS OF PEPPERS (CAPSICUM ANNUM L.), INFLUENCED BY THE HYDROPONIC SYSTEM "FLOATING"     ANA RAQUEL PEREIRA DE MELO 1; JOSÉ FLÁVIO FERREIRA DE SOUSA2; CRISTIANE NUNES DA CONCEIÇÃO 3 E MARIA ROSELANE ALVES OLIVEIRA4   1 Engenheira Agrônoma, Instituto Federal do Maranhão - Campus Codó-MA, Rua do Poraquê S/N Codó Novo, Zona Rural, CEP: 65400000, Codó- MA, Brasil, [email protected]; 2 Engenheiro Agrônomo, Instituto Federal do Maranhão - Campus Codó-MA, Rua do Poraquê S/N Codó Novo, Zona Rural, CEP: 65400000, Codó- MA, Brasil, [email protected]; 3 Engenheira Agrônoma, Instituto Federal do Maranhão - Campus Codó-MA, Rua do Poraquê S/N Codó Novo, Zona Rural, CEP: 65400000, Codó- MA, Brasil, [email protected]; 4 Engenheira Agrônoma, Instituto Federal do Maranhão - Campus Codó-MA, Rua do Poraquê S/N Codó Novo, Zona Rural, CEP: 65400000, Codó- MA, Brasil, [email protected].     1 ABSTRACT   The aim of this research to assess the development of pepper seedlings under different nutritional conditions, under the influence of the "Floating" aiming system, a new production, alternative for larger producers’ safety in producing sustainably, ensuring the production of healthy food and income generation. The production of seedlings occurred in polyethylene plastic trays, where they were placed 2/seeds paprika cells of Yolo Wonder cultivar. After the emergence of seedlings was thinning. The experimental design was completely randomized design, containing 5 treatments with 4 replications. The treatments were T1-trays remained out of the "floating", receiving water irrigation 2 times a day; T2-trays of floating, remained out more irrigation the same solution of the "floating" 3 times a week, using 500 ml of solution per Pan; T3-were pans 12:00 are in "floating" and 12:00 am out; T4-trays remained throughout the period of the test in the "floating"; T5-trays remained throughout the period in the "floating", except in the last week. The solution was composed of soluble fertilizer, calcium nitrate, potassium chloride, Triple Superphosphate and Urea, and was changed every Ten days. The parameters analyzed were height of the plant; Root length; Fresh matter weight of shoot; Weight of fresh root matter; Dry matter weight of shoot; Root dry matter weight; Diameter of the stem. All parameters analyzed were submitted to analysis of variance and averages compared by Tukey test to 1% in the case of significance. The treatment proved to be more feasible was the T4, as this medium to larger variables introduced height, stem diameter, plant fresh mass aerial and aerial dry mass.   Keywords: Nutrient solution, production, safety, productive Alternative.     MELO, A. R. P.; SOUSA, J. F. F.; CONCEIÇÃO, C. N. E OLIVEIRA, M. R. A. CONDICIONAMENTO DE MUDAS DE PIMENTÃO (CAPSICUM ANNUM L.), INFLUENCIADAS PELO SISTEMA HIDROPÔNICO “FLOATING”           2 RESUMO   Objetivou-se com esta pesquisa avaliar o desenvolvimento de mudas de pimentão submetidas a diferentes condicionamentos nutricionais, sobre influência do sistema “Floating” visando, uma nova alternativa de produção, para propiciar aos produtores maior segurança em produzir sustentavelmente, para com isso garantir a produção de alimentos saudáveis e geração de renda. A produção de mudas ocorreu em bandejas de polietileno plástico, onde foram colocadas 2 sementes/célula de pimentão da cultivar Yolo Wonder. Após a emergência das plântulas, foi feito o desbaste. O delineamento experimental foi Inteiramente Casualizado, contendo 5 tratamentos com 4 repetições. Os tratamentos foram: T1- As bandejas permaneceram sempre fora do “floating”, recebendo irrigação de água 2 vezes ao dia; T2 – As bandejas permaneceram fora do floating, mais irrigação da mesma solução do “floating” 3 vezes por semana, usando 500 ml da solução por bandeja; T3 – As bandejas ficaram 24 h em “floating” e 24 h fora; T4 - As bandejas permaneceram todo o período do ensaio no "floating"; T5 - As bandejas permaneceram todo o período no "floating” ", exceto na última semana. A solução foi composta pelos fertilizantes solúveis, Nitrato de Cálcio, Cloreto de potássio, Superfosfato Triplo e Ureia, e foi trocada a cada Dez dias. Os parâmetros analisados foram: Altura da planta; Comprimento da raiz; Peso da matéria fresca da parte aérea; Peso da matéria fresca da raiz; Peso da matéria seca da parte aérea; Peso da matéria seca da raiz; Diâmetro do caule. Todos os parâmetros analisados foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 1% no caso de significância. O tratamento que se mostrou mais viável foi o T4, pois este apresentou maiores médias para as variáveis altura da planta, diâmetro caulinar, massa fresca da parte aérea e massa seca da parte aérea.   Palavras-chave: Solução Nutritiva, Alternativa de Produção, Segurança produtiva.


2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Krisna Cahya Nurani ◽  
Susilo Budiyanto ◽  
Endang Dwi Purbajanti

<p>Green beans are legume plants that are in great demand because of their high nutrition content and include plants that require boron to support growth from the vegetative to generative phase. The study aims to assess the growth and production of green beans due to influence of the dose and time of boron application. The research was carried out using completely randomized design with factorial pattern 3×3 with 3 replications. The first factor was the treatment of boron doses of 1, 1.5, and 2 kg/ha was given once at 7 Day After Planting (DAP), fertilizer application twice at 7 and 28 DAP, and once given at 28 DAP. The results showed that dose of boron at a dose of 1 kg/ha was able to produce the number of affective root nodules and the best pod weight. The treatment of boron once at 7 DAP can increase plant height, flowering age, pod weight, and seed weight per pod. The interaction between dose and time of boron application affects the number of affective root nodules and seed weight per pod.</p>


Agrologia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Silahooy

Maluku in general and Ambon municipality in particular is a region with the lowest peanut production as compared to its national production. Cambisol is one of soil type that has good soil physical properties, but it is low in N and P contents and has an acidic reaction that inhibit the growth of peanut plants.  The research was conducted in a plastic house in Halong Village, Teluk Ambon Baguala Subdistrict, from April to Juli 2012. This research used a Completely Randomized Design with two factors, i.e. factor 1 with three levels of dolomite fertilization, consisting of D0 (without dolomite), D1 (0.3g dolomite per pot), D2 (0.6 g dolomite per pot), and factor 2 with three levels of phosphate fertilization consisting of P0 (without phosphate fertilizer), P1 (0.7 g SP-36 per pot) and P2 (1.4 SP-36 per pot). The results showed that the application of SP-36 increased the number of root nodules and yield of peanut. Response was even better if accompanied by the application of dolomite. Leaf N uptake could be enhanced by application SP-36, but it was independ from the application of dolomite. The highest peanut yield of 41.83 g per pot was achieved with the fertilizer combination of D1P2  (0.3 g dolomite per pot and  1.4 g SP36 per pot)


ZOOTEC ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Novalia Lumban Gaol ◽  
Ch. L. Kaunang ◽  
Rustandi . ◽  
F. Dompas

INFLUENCE OF CONCENTRATION AND SOAKING TIME OF A. pintoi IN THE COW URINE ON PLANT GROWTH. Cow urine has an auksin a, auksin b, and IAA (hetero auksin) that can stimulate plant roots. The present study was conducted to determine the influence of concentration and soaking time in the cow urine on Arachis pintoi (A. pinto) growth. This study used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) in Factorial arrangement with 2 factors A and B. Factor A= urine concentration: A1 = urine 75% + water 25% and A2; urine 50% + water 50%; and factor B = soaking time: B1 = 1 hour; B2 = 2 hours; Dan, B3 = 3 hours. Treatments were replicated 4 times. Parameters measured were: leaves amount (sheets), plant length (cm), and root weight (g). Research results showed that mean leaves amount ranged from 41,65 to 46,77 sheets, plant length 35,97-36,67 cm, and root weight 1,95-1,72 g. Utilization of cow urine with a different concentration and soaking time gave a non significant different (P>0.05) on leaves amount, plant length, and root weight. It can be concluded that cow urine concentration and soaking time do not effect leaves amount, plant length, and root weight of Arachis pintoi (A. pinto). Key words:  Cow urine concentration, Soaking time,  A. pintoi.


Author(s):  
Lincon Rafael da Silva ◽  
Matheus Garcia Guimarães ◽  
Roberto José de Freitas ◽  
Adilson Pelá ◽  
Daniel Diego Costa Carvalho

<p>Objetivou-se avaliar diferentes doses de ácidos húmicos na obtenção de massa fresca inicial de plantas de feijão comum ‘Pérola’. Para tanto, sementes de feijão foram tratadas com Rhal S1<sup>®</sup> (18% de ácidos húmico + 1,5% de ácidos fúlvicos) nas doses de 0, 100, 200, 300, 400 e 500 mL da solução para cada 100 kg de sementes. Em seguida, as sementes foram semeadas em vasos de 500 g de capacidade e após 14 dias de cultivo em casa de vegetação, foram mensurados a massa fresca da parte aérea e massa fresca das raízes. O experimento foi disposto em delineamento inteiramente casualizados (DIC)com quatro repetições (1 planta por vaso; 4 plantas por tratamento)e os resultados foram submetidos, à análise de regressão. As equações de regressão obtiveram resposta quadrática para todas a variáveis analisadas em função das doses aplicadas. As plantas de feijão responderam pelo aumento de massa fresca da parte aérea até a dose de 200 mL de Rhal S1<sup>®</sup> 100 Kg<sup>-1</sup> sementes, enquanto que amassa fresca das raízes respondeu até a dose de 100 mL de Rhal S1<sup>®</sup> 100 Kg<sup>-1</sup> sementes, confirmando maior demanda da parte aérea por ácidos húmicos do que as raízes.</p><p align="center"><strong><em>Humic acids to </em></strong><strong><em>obtain higher early fresh matter in ‘Pérola’ common bean plants</em></strong></p><p><strong>Abstract: </strong>It is aimed to evaluate different doses of humic acidto obtain early fresh matter of ‘Pérola’ common bean plants. Therefore, common bean seeds were treated with Rhal S1<sup>®</sup> (18% of humic acid + 1.5% of fulvic acids) at doses of 0, 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 mL of solution for each 100 kg seeds. Just after, the seeds were sown in 500 g capacity pots and after 14-days cultivation in greenhouse, it was measured the fresh matter of the aerial part and fresh matter of the roots. The experiment was carried out in completely randomized design (CRD) with four replicates (1 plant per pot; 4 plants per treatment) and the results of the two experiments were subjected, together, to regression analysis. The regression equations obtained quadratic response for all variables evaluated in function of the applied doses. The common bean plants respond by the increasing of fresh matter of aerial part up to 200 mL of Rhal S1<sup>®</sup> 100 Kg<sup>-1</sup> seeds, while the fresh matter ot the roots increasing up to 100 mLof Rhal S1<sup>®</sup> 100 Kg<sup>-1</sup> seeds, confirming greater demand of shoots by humic acids than the roots.</p>


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Jati Purwani ◽  
Didik Sucahyono

ABSTRAKTanaman kedelai dapat memfiksasi nitrogen dengan bantuan bakteri bintil akar yaitu bakteri Rhizobium sp. Pemanfaatan Rhizobium sp sebagai inokulan pupuk hayati sangat mendukungpeningkatan produktivitas kedelai. Inokulasi biji kedelai dengan Rhizobium spdapat membantu penyediaan N tanah untuk kedelai. Formula pupuk hayati yang terdiri atas 6 konsorsia isolat Rhizobium sp telah diuji di beberapa lokasi pada tanah masam menunjukkan hasil yang positif, sehingga untuk pengembangannya perlu dilakukan “produksi massal”. Penelitian teknik produksi massal dilakukan di “Pilot Plant Produksi Pupuk Hayati” Balai Penelitian Tanah di Bogor. Penelitian disusun dengan rancangan acak lengkap, perlakuan terdiri atas kombinasi antara cara inokulasi dan pengemasan dengan formula bahan pembawa. Perlakuan terdiri atas delapan kombinasi perlakuan diulang tiga kali. Pertumbuhan sp sebelum diinokulasi ke dalam bahan pembawa diamati. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa isolat Rhizobium sp yang digunakan mempunyai fase pertumbuhan berkisar antara 4–48 jam. Populasi Rhizobium dalamformula pupuk hayati yang diinokulasi ke dalam bahan pembawa Biochar+Gambut mampu mempertahankan populasi Rhizobium tertinggi hingga masa simpan 6 bulan dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya. Populasi Rhizobium pada perlakuan tersebut sebanyak8,13 log CFU.g -1 . Sedangkan populasi inokulan Rhizobium sp dalam pupuk hayati yang diinokulasikan menggunakan mesin injektor dengan bahan pembawa Biochar sebanyak 7,66 log CFU.g -1 .ABSTRACTSoybean plants can fix nitrogen with the help of root nodules bacteria, namely Rhizobium sp. The use of Rhizobium sp as an inoculant of biofertilizers supports to increase the productivity of soybean. Inoculation Rhizobium sp of soybean seeds helps to provide soil N for soybeans. Biofertilizer formula consist of six consortia of Rhizobium sp had been tested in more locations on acid soils showed positive results, so for it’s development for biofertilizer it is necessary to do &quot;mass production&quot;, was conducted at the &quot;Biofertilizer Production Plant Pilot&quot; of Indonesian Soil Research Institute. The study was arranged in a completely randomized design, the treatment consist of ways of packaging methods and the carrier formula. The treatment consisted of eight combinations repeated three times. Rhizobium sp growth before inoculation into the carrier was observed. Rhizobium population in the formula of biofertilizer which is inoculated into the Biochar+Peat carrier and then packaged by packaging machine is able to maintain the highest Rhizobium population up to a shelf life of 6 months compared to other treatments,. Rhizobium sp population in this treatment was 8.13 logCFU.g -1 . While the population of Rhizobium sp inoculants in biofertilizers inoculated using an injector with Biochar carrier as much as 7.66 log CFU.g -1.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document