scholarly journals Asthma in children and adolescents in Brazil: contribution of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC)

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirceu Sole ◽  
Ines Cristina Camelo-Nunes ◽  
Gustavo Falbo Wandalsen ◽  
Marcia Carvalho Mallozi
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
International Study ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Evolutionary Trend ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The World

Objective: To assess asthma among Brazilian pediatric population applying the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC), an internationally standardized and validated protocol. Data sources: ISAAC was conceived to maximize the value of epidemiologic studies on asthma and allergic diseases, establishing a standardized method (self-applicable written questionnaire and/or video questionnaire) capable to facilitate the international collaboration. Designed to be carried out in three successive and dependent phases, the ISAAC gathered a casuistic hitherto unimaginable in the world and in Brazil. This review included data gathered from ISAAC official Brazilian centers and others who used this method. Data synthesis: At the end of the first phase, it has been documented that the prevalence of asthma among Brazilian schoolchildren was the eighth among all centers participating all over the world. Few centers participated in the second phase and investigated possible etiological factors, especially those suggested by the first phase, and brought forth many conjectures. The third phase, repeated seven years later, assessed the evolutionary trend of asthma and allergic diseases prevalence in centers that participated simultaneously in phases I and III and in other centers not involved in phase I. Conclusions: In Brazil, the ISAAC study showed that asthma is a disease of high prevalence and impact in children and adolescents and should be seen as a Public Health problem. Important regional variations, not well understood yet, and several risk factors were found, which makes us wonder: is there only one or many asthmas in Brazil?

scholarly journals Prevalence of Allergy Symptoms in Schoolchildren of Chechen Republic (ISAAC Questionnaire Results)

2021 ◽  
pp. 484-492
Author(s):  
Aset Kh. Ibisheva ◽  
Alikhan A. Idrisov ◽  
Kazbek S. Mezhidov ◽  
Leila S. Namazova-Baranova
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
First Graders ◽  
International Study ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Group 13 ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Asthma And Allergy ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Background. Rising prevalence of allergic diseases is a major medical and social problem.Objective. The aim of the study is to study the prevalence of allergy symptoms in schoolchildren of Chechen Republic according to the ISAAC (International Study of Asthma and Allergy in Childhood) questionnaire.Methods. We have surveyed 3,398 schoolchildren from 26 randomly chosen schools located in 2 urban and 2 rural areas of Chechen Republic. The first age group (7–8 years old) included 1331 first graders, the second group (13-14 years old) — 2067 eighth graders.Results. The prevalence of allergic diseases symptoms according to the questionnaire was the following: bronchial asthma (BA) — 18.4% (625 children), allergic rhinitis (AR) — 16.6% (565 children), atopic dermatitis (AD) — 4.7% (160 children), while medically verified diagnosis was established in dramatically less cases. Analysis of BA, AR, AD symptoms prevalence has revealed significant correlation between studied parameters and age. Symptoms of BA, AR prevailed in the older age group, AD in the younger one. There were no gender differences identified. Higher prevalence of BA and AR symptoms was recorded in urban residents, while the prevalence of AD in urban and rural areas was quite the same. Moreover, estimation of allergy symptoms prevalence revealed mild course of these diseases in schoolchildren of Chechen Republic.Conclusion. The study, conducted with ISAAC questionnaire, demonstrates high prevalence of allergy symptoms in schoolchildren of Chechen Republic, exceeding the official statistics. It requires particular attention from the healthcare system and improved diagnostic methods for allergies.

scholarly journals RISK FACTORS FOR THE PREVALENCE OF BRONCHIAL ASTHMA IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS IN THE MOUNTAINOUS ZONE OF DAGESTAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 334-339
Author(s):  
Magomed I. Izrailov ◽  
A. M. Aliskandiyev ◽  
Ya. M. Yakhiaev
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Mountain Climate ◽  
The World ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
Asthma In Children

The prevalence of bronchial asthma (BA) in recent years has been steadily increasing in many countries of the world. Among allergic diseases and respiratory diseases, asthma occupies a leading position. In order to study the prevalence of asthma, we performed questionnaire survey of 6326 schoolchildren, including 3125 cases aged of 7-8 years and children of 13-14 years according to the «ISAAC» program. The prevalence of bronchial asthma in children in the mountain climate is about 8.43 per 1,000 children, which is almost two times lower than in the low-lying zone, in urban children the prevalence of bronchial asthma is 25 per 1000 children. Among the risk factors for the formation of bronchial asthma in children the leading place is occupied by hereditary, occupy antenatal and social sanitary risk factors.

scholarly journals Are We on Our Way to Achieving the 2020 Goals for Schistosomiasis Morbidity Control Using Current World Health Organization Guidelines?

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (suppl_4) ◽  
pp. S245-S252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaspreet Toor ◽  
Ramzi Alsallaq ◽  
James E Truscott ◽  
Hugo C Turner ◽  
Marleen Werkman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Wash Water ◽  
World Health ◽  
Treatment Coverage ◽  
Hygiene Measures ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Background Schistosomiasis remains an endemic parasitic disease affecting millions of people around the world. The World Health Organization (WHO) has set goals of controlling morbidity to be reached by 2020, along with elimination as a public health problem in certain regions by 2025. Mathematical models of parasite transmission and treatment impact have been developed to assist in controlling the morbidity caused by schistosomiasis. These models can inform and guide implementation policy for mass drug administration programs, and help design monitoring and evaluation activities. Methods We use these models to predict whether the guidelines set by the WHO are on track for achieving their 2020 goal for the control of morbidity, specifically for Schistosoma mansoni. We examine whether programmatic adaptations; namely increases in treatment coverage and/or expansion to adult inclusion in treatment, will improve the likelihood of reaching the WHO goals. Results We find that in low-prevalence settings, the goals are likely to be attainable under current WHO guidelines, but in moderate to high-prevalence settings, the goals are less likely to be achieved unless treatment coverage is increased and expanded to at least 85% for school-aged children and 40% for adults. Conclusions To improve the likelihood of reaching the WHO goals, programmatic adaptations are required, particularly for moderate- to high-prevalence settings. Furthermore, improvements in adherence to treatment, potential development of candidate vaccines, and enhanced snail control and WASH (water, sanitation, and hygiene) measures will all assist in achieving the goals.

ISPAD DECLARATION OF KOS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. A26-A26
Author(s):  
Bruno Weber ◽  
Stuart Brink
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Psychosocial Care ◽  
International Study ◽  
Hippocratic Oath ◽  
Scientific Meeting ◽  
Metabolic Complications ◽  
The World ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

On September 4, 1993, on the island of Kos, the members of the International Study Group of Diabetes in Children and Adolescents (ISGD), assembled at our 19th annual international scientific meeting and in the process of transforming ISGD into the International Society of Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD), renew their Hippocratic Oath by proclaiming their commitment to implement the St Vincent Declaration to promote optimal health, social welfare, and quality of life for all children and adolescents with diabetes around the world by the year 2000. We take this unique opportunity to reaffirm the commitments by diabetes specialists in the past and, in particular, unanimously pledge to work towards the following: 1. to make insulin available for all children and adolescents with diabetes; 2. to reduce the morbidity and mortality rate of acute metabolic complications or missed diagnosis related to diabetes mellitus; 3. to make age-appropriate care and education accessible to all children and adolescents with diabetes as well as to their families; 4. to increase the availability of appropriate urine and blood self-monitoring equipment for all children and adolescents with diabetes; 5. to develop and encourage research on diabetes in children and adolescents around the world; and 6. to prepare and disseminate written guidelines and standards for practical and realistic insulin treatment, monitoring, nutrition, psychosocial care and education of young patients with diabetes—and their families—emphasizing the crucial role of health care professionals—and not just physicians—in these tasks around the world.

scholarly journals Current issues of food and chemical safety of children and adolescents: acute household poisoning

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-76
Author(s):  
N.V. Kurdil ◽  
A.A. Kalashnikov ◽  
B.S. Sheyman ◽  
O.H. Lutsenko ◽  
N.A. Voloshina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
System Approach ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Acute Poisoning ◽  
Upward Trend ◽  
Chemical Safety ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Slight Upward Trend

Ukraine is among the countries with a high prevalence of acute chemical etiology poisoning in the countries of the European region, taking the penultimate place according to WHO (2017). The Aim of the Research. To study the risk factors for acute domestic poisoning among children and adolescents in Ukraine and to identify measures to improve it. Methods and Materials. The annual statistical reports of WHO, the data of the State Statistics Committee of Ukraine, the Center for Medical Statistics of the Ministry of Healthcare of Ukraine, and statistics of the Department of acute poisoning of the NCSH «Okhmatdyt» were analyzed. Research methods: system approach and benchmarking were applied. Results and Discussion. A comparative estimate of the incidence of acute poisoning over the last 15 years in Ukraine indicates an overall tendency for their growth as a whole: in the group of children 0–14 years, an average of 10.4% (from 13.8 ± 0.05 cases / 10000 in 1996–1998 to 15.4 ± 0.1 cases / 10000 pediatric population in 2006–2010). Among children aged 0–4 years, the rate of increase in the number of acute poisonings was the highest, i.e. it increased from 31.7 ± 0.1 to 37.1 ± 0.2 cases / 10000 of the pediatric population of this age. The incidence of primary diseases of the pediatric population, according to the data of the Injury and Poisoning statistical group, has been practically at the same level in recent years, with a slight upward trend. Thus, over the last 20 years the incidence has fluctuated within 39.6–51.4 cases / 10000 population. Conclusions. An important factor in the emergence of household poisoning is the lack of motivation of the population, including children and adolescents, to lead a healthy lifestyle (including maintaining a healthy diet). Key Words: chemical safety, food safety, toxicology, acute poisoning.

scholarly journals Insights from quantitative and mathematical modelling on the proposed WHO 2030 goal for schistosomiasis

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 1517
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Neglected Tropical Diseases ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
World Health ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Impact

Schistosomiasis remains one of the neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) impacting millions of people around the world. The World Health Organization (WHO) recently proposed a goal of elimination as a public health problem (EPHP) for schistosomiasis to be reached by 2030. Current WHO treatment guidelines for achieving EPHP focus on targeting school-aged children. The NTD Modelling Consortium has developed mathematical models to study schistosomiasis transmission dynamics and the impact of control measures. Our modelling insights on Schistosoma mansoni have shown that EPHP is likely to be attainable in low to moderate prevalence settings using the current guidelines. However, as prevalence rises within high prevalence settings, EPHP is less likely to be achieved unless both school-aged children and adults are treated (with coverage levels increasing with the adult burden of infection). We highlight the challenges that are faced by treatment programmes, such as non-adherence to treatment and resurgence, which can hinder progress towards achieving and maintaining EPHP. Additionally, even though EPHP may be reached, prevalence can still be high due to persisting infections. Therefore, without interruption of transmission, treatment will likely have to continue to maintain EPHP. Further modelling work is being carried out, including extending our results to S. haematobium. By providing these modelling insights, we aim to inform discussions on the goals and treatment guidelines for schistosomiasis.

COGNITIVE DEFICIENCY AT ISCHEMIC OM STROKE

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-57
Author(s):  
Dildora Khaydarova ◽  
◽  
Hilola Davronova ◽  
Asliddin Akbarov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Problems ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Cerebral Stroke ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The World ◽  
Cognitive Deficiency ◽  
Complications And Mortality

Cerebrovascular diseases remain one of the most pressing medical and social problems in many countries of the world, due to their high prevalence, severity of complications and mortality. In Uzbekistan, the number of patients with cerebral stroke is quite large -about 40-45 thousandcases of cerebral stroke are registered annually

Mechanisms Involved in Glycemic Control Promoted by Exercise in Diabetics

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Francelino Andrade ◽  
Víviam de Oliveira Silva ◽  
Débora Ribeiro Orlando ◽  
Luciano José Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Metabolic Disease ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Sedentary Lifestyle ◽  
World Population ◽  
Pharmacological Interventions ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The World ◽  
Main Factors

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by high glycemic levels for long periods. This disease has a high prevalence in the world population, being currently observed an increase in its incidence. This fact is mainly due to the sedentary lifestyle and hypercaloric diets. Non-pharmacological interventions for glycemic control include exercise, which promotes changes in skeletal muscle and adipocytes. Thus, increased glucose uptake by skeletal muscle and decreased insulin resistance through modulating adipocytes are the main factors that improve glycemic control against diabetes. Conclusion: It was sought to elucidate mechanisms involved in the improvement of glycemic control in diabetics in front of the exercise.

The Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency in Iran: A Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 1015-1027
Author(s):  
Mohammad Bagherniya ◽  
Zahra Khorasanchi ◽  
Mina S. Bidokhti ◽  
Gordon A. Ferns ◽  
Mitra Rezaei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
High Prevalence

Background: Vitamin D deficiency is a common medical condition worldwide. In Iran, it has been reported that between 30-90% of people have vitamin D deficiency. However, its distribution in different parts of the country and among different age and regional groups is unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to review the recent literature on vitamin D deficiency in Iran. Methods: The literature review was performed using Web of Science, PubMed-Medline, Scopus and Scientific Information Database (SID) with a cut-off date of November 2016 to identify articles on vitamin D status in Iran published in the last 10 years. Studies in English and Persian that reported vitamin D levels in male and female subjects of all age groups and in healthy populations were included. Results: From 325 studies that were initially retrieved, 82 articles met the inclusion criteria. A high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was reported, and in some regions, this was reported as >90% and was found in all age groups and in all regions of Iran. Conclusion: This review highlights the very high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Iran. It will be important to recognize the importance of vitamin D deficiency as a major public health problem in Iran.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document