scholarly journals Propagation studies in Smilax fluminensis Steud. (Smilacaceae)

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (10) ◽  
pp. 1762-1768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anielca Nascimento Soares ◽  
Ana Dionísia da Luz Coelho Novembre ◽  
Aline Redondo Martins ◽  
Sônia Maria de Stefano Piedade ◽  
Beatriz Appezzato-da-Glória
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
C 30 ◽  
One Year

Smilax L. species, popularly known in Brazil as salsaparrilha, have been used in folk medicine as tonic against rheumatism and as anti-syphilitic since the sixteenth century; however, until today, their roots have been explored in an extractive way. The aim of this study was to analyze the propagation of Smilax fluminensis aiming to meet the demand and to propose procedures for its sustainable management. It was analyzed the percentage of seed germination, rooting of aerial and subterranean stem cuttings and plant resprouting capacity after removal of the shoots. The monitoring lasted one year. Seeds were subjected to temperatures: 25°C, 30°C, 20-30°C and 20-35°C under a daily photoperiod of eight hours and in the absence of light. For rooting the stem cuttings, aerial and subterranean stems about 20cm long with two nodal regions were subjected to treatment with distilled water (control) and indolbutyric acid (IBA) at 100ppm. The best germination percentages obtained for S. fluminensis were 80% at 20-30°C under light and 85% at 30°C in the dark. Only subterranean stem cuttings showed significant difference concerning fresh and dry matter of roots with higher values in treatments with hormone compared to the control.

scholarly journals An Assessment of Treated Greywater Reuse in Irrigation on Growth and Protein Content of Prosopis and Albizia

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Naji K. Al-Mefleh ◽  
Yahia A. Othman ◽  
Maher J. Tadros ◽  
Amani Al-Assaf ◽  
Samer Talozi
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
World Health ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Albizia Lebbeck ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Significant Difference

This study investigated the influence of treated greywater on growth and protein content of multipurpose (forage and ornamental) transplants, Prosopis juliflora L., Prosopis tamarugo L., and Albizia lebbeck L. Transplants of tested species were irrigated with treated greywater, diluted greywater (grey + distilled water, 1:1/by volume), and distilled water (control) for seven months. Water quality analysis showed that the concentrations of nutrients and heavy metals found in the greywater were within the acceptable range compared with Jordan Institution for Standard and Metrology (JISM) and the World Health Organization (WHO) thresholds for safe use of greywater. Escherichia coli found in the greywater were lower compared to JISM and WHO guidelines for the safe use of greywater. Irrigation with treated greywater increased shoot fresh weight by 24–39% and dry weight by 34–40% compared to diluted greywater and control. No significant difference in crude protein was noticed between water treatments. Prosopis species (P. juliflora Albizia lebbeck L. and P. tamarugo Albizia lebbeck L.) had higher shoot fresh (35%) and dry weight the same species had lower crude protein (44%) when compared to Albizia lebbeck Albizia lebbeck L. The reuse of treated greywater for landscaping or forage production alleviates the demand for water resources and reduces the pressure on wastewater treatment plants. However, considering the controversial findings of previous studies on greywater quality (especially, long-term reuse), the reuse of treated greywater needs to be considered with caution and periodic quality analyses and economic assessments are required.

scholarly journals Effect of Natural and Industrial Juices on Surface Microhardness of Microhybrid and Nanohybrid Composites

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Razieh Meshki ◽  
◽  
Hanieh Hoseini ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Orange Juice ◽  
Immersion Time ◽  
Pomegranate Juice ◽  
Repeated Measure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Surface Microhardness ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Significant Difference

Numerous studies have been conducted on the effect of various beverages on the mechanical properties of toothcolored materials, however, little is known about the effects of these materials on composites, particularly newer types such as nanocomposites. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the surface microhardness of two types of composites, micro-hybrid (point 4) and nanohybrid (premise), after exposure to natural and industrial juices. Methods: In this experimental study, 90 disc-shaped specimens with a thickness of 2 mm and a diameter of 10 mm were taken from two composites, micro-hybrid Point4 (Kerr) and nanohybrid premise (kerr) (two groups of 45). Then, the specimens of each group were divided into 5 subgroups of 9 and were immersed for 7 days for 6 hours in 5 solutions of industrial orange juice, natural orange juice, industrial pomegranate juice, natural pomegranate juice, and distilled water (control group). Surface microhardness of specimens was measured by Vickers device at baseline, one day and one week after immersing. Data was measured by ANOVA, repeated measure test, and independent t-test. A significant level of α was 0.05. Results: The surface microhardness of two types of composites exposed to beverages was reduced significantly. However, no significant difference was found between natural and industrial juices in none of the composites. Conclusions: Natural and industrial juices can affect the surface microhardness of composites, which varies depending on the type of composite and the type of juice and immersion time.

scholarly journals Adhesion of Epiphany and AH Plus sealers to human root dentin treated with different solutions

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinicius Humberto Nunes ◽  
Ricardo Gariba Silva ◽  
Edson Alfredo ◽  
Manoel D. Sousa-Neto ◽  
Yara T. C. Silva-Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ah Plus ◽  
Root Dentin ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Endodontic Sealers ◽  
Push Out

This study evaluated comparatively the adhesion of Epiphany and AH Plus endodontic sealers to human root dentin treated with 1% NaOCl and 1% NaOCl+17% EDTA, using the push-out test. Sixty root cylinders obtained from maxillary canines had the canals prepared and were randomly assigned to 3 groups (n=20), according to root dentin treatment: GI - distilled water (control), GII - 1% NaOCl and GIII - 1% NaOCl+17% EDTA. Each group was divided into 2 subgroups (n=10) filled with either Epiphany or AH Plus. Bond strength push-out test data (kN) were obtained and analyzed statistically by ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc test. There was statistically significant difference between sealers (AH Plus: 0.78 ± 0.13; Epiphany: 0.61 ± 0.19; p<0.01) and among root dentin treatments (distilled water: 0.58 ± 0.19; 1% NaOCl: 0.71 ± 0.12; 1% NaOCl+17% EDTA: 0.80 ± 0.17; p<0.05). In conclusion, AH Plus sealer presented greater adhesion to dentin than Epiphany, regardless of the treatment of root canal walls.

scholarly journals Adverse Effects on PMMA Caused by Mechanical and Combined Methods of Denture Cleansing

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 292-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danilo Balero Sorgini ◽  
Cláudia Helena da Silva-Lovato ◽  
Valdir Antônio Muglia ◽  
Raphael Freitas de Souza ◽  
Carolina Noronha Ferraz de Arruda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Mass Loss ◽  
Combined Method ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Mechanical Method ◽  
Mechanical Methods ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bonferroni Test ◽  
One Year ◽  
Combined Methods

This study evaluated the abrasiveness of mechanical and combined methods of denture hygiene, by the analysis of mass loss and surface roughness. Acrylic resin specimens (Plexiglass) were brushed by a tooth brushing machine (Mavtec) with a soft brush (Tek) and water (control) or four dentifrices (Sorriso, Colgate, Polident and Corega) (Experimental groups) for 50 min, representing one year of brushing (mechanical method). After brushing, the specimens were immersed in 0.5% sodium hypochlorite simulating a daily cleaning of 20 min for one year (combined method). Distilled water (23 ºC) was employed as control. The mass loss (g) was analyzed by an analytical balance and the surface roughness (μm) by a rugosimeter. Data were subjected to ANOVA and Bonferroni test (α=0.05). Polident dentifrice showed lowest values of mass loss for both methods (mechanical: -0.0072±0.0017, combined:-0.011±0.002) and the combined method resulted in greater mass loss than the mechanical, except for Corega. For the surface roughness, after the mechanical method, the lowest values were registered for water (-0.007±0.016) and Polident (0.402±0.378); for the combined method, water (-0.063±0.013) showed the lowest values; there was no statistically significant difference between methods. It was concluded that Polident was the less abrasive dentifrice and the association between chemical and mechanical methods increased the mass loss but did not change the surface roughness of specimens.

Effect of Whitening Toothpastes and Brushing on Microhardness of Esthetic Restorative Materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 296-301
Author(s):  
Fouad Salama ◽  
Faika Abdelmegid ◽  
Lamya Alhomaidhi ◽  
Sara Alswayyed ◽  
Shatha Alfarraj
Keyword(s):  
Surface Properties ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Restorative Material ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Restorative Materials ◽  
And Control

OBJECTIVE: Whitening toothpastes are widely used. Hence, it is important to understand their effect on the surface properties of restorative materials. To evaluate the effect of three over-the-counter whitening toothpastes and toothbrushing simulation on microhardness of three restorative materials. Study design: Forty cylindrical (10×2mm) specimens were prepared from each restorative material and randomly assigned into four groups/10 each according to the whitening toothpastes used and distilled water (control). All specimens were measured for microhardness (Baseline–T1). The specimens were brushed with a soft brush using an in vitro tooth-brushing simulator with the assigned whitening toothpaste using the same setting for brushing cycles/load for all groups. Specimens were then measured for microhardness (T2) similar to baseline. Results: The highest (mean±SD) microhardness after application of the whitening toothpastes and brushing was recorded for Intense White and Filtek Z250 XT (127.6±1.8), followed by Optic White and Fuji ll LC (73.9±0.9) and Optic White and Photac Fill (72.7±1.3). There was statistically significant difference for microhardness between pre- and post-application of the whitening toothpastes and brushing for all tested restorative materials (P=0.0001). The microhardness of Filtek Z250XT with 3D White post-application of the whitening toothpastes and brushing was lowest compared to other toothpastes and control (P=0.0001). Conclusion: Microhardness increased after application of the whitening toothpastes and toothbrushing simulation for all combination of tested restorative materials and whitening toothpastes. The microhardness of FIiltek Z250XT with 3D White post-application of the whitening toothpastes and brushing was lowest compared to other toothpastes and control.

scholarly journals Color variation of acrylic resins immersed in pigment beverages according to the consume habits: a pilot study

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 199
Author(s):  
Renato Fabrício de Andrade Waldemarin ◽  
Lucas Brum Cleff ◽  
Lauren Grandi Santos ◽  
Guilherme Brião Camacho ◽  
Luciana De Rezende Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Black Tea ◽  
Color Variation ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Acrylic Resins ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cie Lab

AIM: evaluate the color changes in acrylic resins immersed in two pigmented beverages in different time periods, proportional to the frequency and volume of consume by the population with and without the use of artificial saliva. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty thermo-polymerizable resin disks were confectioned with 3.0 +- 0.1 mm thickness, initially immersed in distilled water for 24 hours and randomly divided into 2 groups (n=15): GC – with artificial saliva and GS – without artificial saliva. They were, then, subdivided into 3 subgroups (n=5): G1 – distilled water (control); G2 – red wine; G3 – black tea. These groups were daily immersed inside beverages for 15 days, with daily immersion frequency equal to the beverage ingestion and the period of each immersion equal to 1 minute/10 ml of beverage per capita. Between each immersion the disks were stored inside distilled water. The color of resins was measured according to the CIE-Lab scale before and after the immersion periods, and the color variation was calculated (ΔE). The values ΔL*, Δa* e Δb* were also evaluated. RESULTS: Analysis of variance was performed, and have shown significant difference (p<0.05) among G1 and the other solutions, without significant difference between G2 and G3 for ΔE, ΔL, Δa and the module Δb. There was no difference between GC and GS. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that the use of artificial saliva did not change pigmentation degree and that wine presents similar changes to the tea, considering the parameters used. 

scholarly journals Effect of sodium hypochlorite and edta irrigation, individually and in alternation, on dentin microhardness at the furcation area of mandibular molars

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 654-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danilo Zaparolli ◽  
Paulo César Saquy ◽  
Antonio Miranda Cruz-Filho
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽  
Acrylic Resin ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Mandibular Molars ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Edta Solution ◽  
Maximum Decrease ◽  
Knoop Microhardness

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of irrigation regimens on dentin microhardness at the furcation area of mandibular molars, using sodium hypochlorite and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), individually and in alternation. The occlusal surface and the roots of 20 non-carious extracted human permanent mandibular molars were cut transversally and discarded. The tooth blocks were embedded in acrylic resin and randomly assigned to 4 groups (n=5) according to the irrigating regimens: 1% NaOCl solution, 17% EDTA solution, 1% NaOCl and 17% EDTA and distilled water (control). Knoop microhardness of dentin at the furcation area was evaluated. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's multiple comparison tests (α=0.05). The results of this study indicated that all irrigation solutions, except for distilled water (control), decreased dentin microhardness. EDTA did not show a significant difference with NaOCl/EDTA (p>0.05), but showed a significant difference with NaOCl (p<0.01). EDTA and NaOCl/EDTA showed a maximum decrease in microhardness. The 17% EDTA solution, either alone or in combination with 1% NaOCl reduced significantly dentin microhardness at the furcation area of mandibular molars.

scholarly journals Cleaning of flattened root canals with different irrigating solutions and nickel-titanium rotary instrumentation

2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 284-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Pôrto de Arruda ◽  
Jacy Ribeiro de Carvalho Junior ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Saraiva Miranda ◽  
Cristina Paschoalato ◽  
Silvio Rocha C. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Nickel Titanium ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Sem Analyses

The aim of this study was to evaluate the cleaning capacity of Profile .04 files combined with different irrigating solutions in flattened root canals using histological, morphometrical and SEM analyses. Eighty human mandibular incisors were prepared with Profile .04 instruments and randomly divided into 4 groups according to the irrigating solutions used (n=20): G1: distilled water (control); G2: 1% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl); G3: 1% NaOCl alternated with 17% EDTA, and G4: 1% NaOCl with RCPrep cream. Ten teeth of each group were evaluated with an optical microscope to determine the percentage of root canal debris. The remaining teeth were evaluated under scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Data were analyzed statistically by ANOVA and Tukey's test (α=0.01).There was a significant difference (p<0.001) among the groups regarding the percentage of debris left in the canals (distilled water: 18.82 ± 5.55; 1% NaOCl: 6.29 ± 5.55; 1% NaOCl + 17% EDTA: 12.47 ± 6.92; 1% NaOCl + RCPrep: 7.82 ± 1.91). The SEM analysis showed the best results for 1% NaOCl + 17% EDTA on smear layer removal. It may be concluded that the combination of Profile .04 rotary instrumentation and the tested solutions was not able to totally remove debris and smear layer from flattened root canals.

scholarly journals Effect of Aerated Drinks on Force Decay Properties of Elastomeric Chains: An In Vitro Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-23
Author(s):  
Reena R Kumar ◽  
Mayank Gahlot ◽  
Nameeta Kaur ◽  
Anil Miglani
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Acrylic Resin ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Orthodontic Space Closure ◽  
Force Decay ◽  
Space Closure ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Elastomeric Chains

Objective: To evaluate the effect of three commercially available aerated drinks on percentage of force decay of elastomeric chains used for orthodontic space closure. Materials & Method: Commercially available closed grey and clear elastomeric chains from two manufacturers were used in the study. The test solutions were distilled water (control), popular lemon based aerated drink, an orange based aerated drink and an aerated cola drink. Four acrylic resin jigs were constructed to provide a framework to simulate the distance between the permanent canine and first molar. The elastomeric chains were stretched and engaged between the two attachments. Jig I, II and III were immersed in the cola, orange and aerated lemon drink respectively for a period of two hours daily. Jig IV (control) was immersed in distilled water. Force levels were evaluated at the time intervals of 0 hours, 2 hrs, 12 hrs, 24 hrs, 3 days, 5 days and 7 days with a mechanical force gauge. Result: Force decay was statistically significant at T1 i.e. 2 hrs post immersion for all drinks compared. This decay was the highest for the elastomeric chains immersed in orange based drink followed by cola, lemon and the control. There was no significant difference between the two tested elastomeric chains. Conclusion: History recording should take cognizance of consumption of aerated drinks and their effect on orthodontic space closure.

Exogenous induction of thermogenesis in Arum concinnatum by salicylic acid

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (12) ◽  
pp. 1195
Author(s):  
Danae Laina ◽  
Ioanna Oikonomou ◽  
Konstantina Koutroumpa ◽  
Michael Bariotakis ◽  
Kiriakos Kotzabasis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Continuous Light ◽  
Light Treatment ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Significant Difference

Arum concinnatum Schott is a highly thermogenic species, with the temperature of the appendix exceeding ~10.9°C above the ambient temperature during thermogenesis, whereas the rates of respiration of the male florets in intact inflorescences peak at 0.92 μmol s–1 g–1, which is the highest rate so far measured among the plants. Here, we attempt the ex situ exogenous induction of thermogenesis in whole inflorescences and in separate appendices of the spadix, and explore the thermogenic patterns under controlled laboratory conditions of light and temperature. Mature but unopened inflorescences and appendices showed thermogenic responses when treated with salicylic acid (SA), but not when treated with distilled water (control). With regard to light conditions, the responses revealed only one significant difference for inflorescences, which concerns the higher maximum temperature in the continuous light treatment compared with continuous dark. Along the ambient temperature gradient, at the lowest temperature edge individuals remained stable close to ambient temperature and to control. These findings suggest that, in general, ex situ exogenous induction of thermogenesis can be achieved in whole inflorescences and in separate appendices of spadix of A. concinnatum using SA. This study also indicates that SA acts independently of light conditions, while exogenous induction of thermogenesis takes place within an ambient temperature range.

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