scholarly journals Geoprocessing in health area

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 939-943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Hino ◽  
Tereza Cristina Scatena Villa ◽  
Cinthia Midori Sassaki ◽  
Jordana de Almeida Nogueira ◽  
Claudia Benedita dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Spatial Representation ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Recent Issue ◽  
Northeast Region ◽  
Health Area ◽  
John Snow ◽  
Representation Techniques ◽  
The City

The map's usage and the concerns about geographic distribution related with diseases are not a recent issue. A classical example is the John Snow survey -maps were used to locate cholera's cases and related them with the water supplying. The spatial representation techniques are fewer used in health sectors due to troubles in managing such information. So, the aim of this survey was to establish the disease spatial distribution in Ribeirão Preto, 2002. Secondary data were used to elaborate this study. The spatial distribution of cases was realized by using the MapInfo 7.8 software. Although many cases were concentrated in the northeast region in the city, which consists the quarters of low economical income. The results contribute to show the Tb spatial distribution in Ribeirao Preto, they also reinforce the space category as a methodological alternative to manage, to monitor and to evaluate the health actions by directing interventions to decrease the iniquities.

scholarly journals Spatial analysis of deaths from pulmonary tuberculosis in the city of São Luís, Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 543-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelino Santos-Neto ◽  
Mellina Yamamura ◽  
Maria Concebida da Cunha Garcia ◽  
Marcela Paschoal Popolin ◽  
Tatiane Ramos dos Santos Silveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
Operational Characteristics ◽  
Operational Variables ◽  
The City ◽  
Selection Of

OBJECTIVE: To characterize deaths from pulmonary tuberculosis, according to sociodemographic and operational variables, in the city of São Luís, Brazil, and to describe their spatial distribution. METHODS: This was an exploratory ecological study based on secondary data from death certificates, obtained from the Brazilian Mortality Database, related to deaths from pulmonary tuberculosis. We included all deaths attributed to pulmonary tuberculosis that occurred in the urban area of São Luís between 2008 and 2012. We performed univariate and bivariate analyses of the sociodemographic and operational variables of the deaths investigated, as well as evaluating the spatial distribution of the events by kernel density estimation. RESULTS: During the study period, there were 193 deaths from pulmonary tuberculosis in São Luís. The median age of the affected individuals was 52 years. Of the 193 individuals who died, 142 (73.60%) were male, 133 (68.91%) were Mulatto, 102 (53.13%) were single, and 64 (33.16%) had completed middle school. There was a significant positive association between not having received medical care prior to death and an autopsy having been performed (p = 0.001). A thematic map by density of points showed that the spatial distribution of those deaths was heterogeneous and that the density was as high as 8.12 deaths/km2. CONCLUSIONS: The sociodemographic and operational characteristics of the deaths from pulmonary tuberculosis evaluated in this study, as well as the identification of priority areas for control and surveillance of the disease, could promote public health policies aimed at reducing health inequities, allowing the optimization of resources, as well as informing decisions regarding the selection of strategies and specific interventions targeting the most vulnerable populations.

scholarly journals Trends in the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer in a brazilian city

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Rodrigues Moura ◽  
Adriane Dórea Marques ◽  
Mylena Santos Dantas ◽  
Érika de Abreu Costa Brito ◽  
Mariana do Rosário Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Joinpoint Regression ◽  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
Northeast Region ◽  
Percent Change ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Incident Cases ◽  
The City

Abstract Objectives This study was conducted to analyze the trends in colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and mortality in the city of Aracaju, Sergipe State, Brazil, between 1996 and 2015 with Joinpoint Regression Program 4.7.0.0 and to identify the geographical distribution of CRC in the municipality. Results A total of 1322 cases of CRC and 467 CRC-related deaths during the study period were included. In total, 40% of the incident cases and 43% of the deaths occurred in men, while 60% of the incident cases and 57% of the deaths occurred in women. Males who were 20 to 44 years old had the most significant trend in growth. Among women, those in the group aged 45 to 64 years had the highest observed annual percent change (APC). In both sexes, mortality was stable. Regarding the geographic distribution, there were constant hotspots in the northeast region of the municipality. This study showed a significant increase in incidence, mainly in young men between 20 and 44 years of age, but stable mortality in Aracaju.

Record Linkage Theory and Practice: A Matter of Confidence

1997 ◽  
Vol 9 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 150-155
Author(s):  
Peter Adman
Keyword(s):  
Record Linkage ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Recent Issue ◽  
Parliamentary Elections ◽  
Confidence Levels ◽  
Multiple Pass ◽  
Linkage Rate ◽  
Paper Record ◽  
The City

In a recent issue of this journal (Vol.8 no.2) the paper ‘Record linkage theory and practice: an experiment in the application of multiple pass linkage algorithms’ by Charles Harvey, Edmund Green and Penelope J. Corfield described the advances the authors have made on their previously published work. By using a multiple pass methodology they increased the linkage rate between two successive polls (1784 and 1788) from one-fifth to nearly three-fifths of the voters in the parliamentary elections for the City of Westminster. This critique examines the validity of their claims with regard to the confidence levels attained.

ANALISIS HUKUM PIDANA DENDA PELANGGARAN LALU LINTAS DI KOTA BENGKULU (DITINJAU DARI UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 22 TAHUN 2009 TENTANG LALU LINTAS DAN ANGKUTAN JALAN)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-33
Author(s):  
Apen Diansyah
Keyword(s):  
Death Penalty ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Inhibiting Factors ◽  
Library Research ◽  
The Law ◽  
The City

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui penerapan denda terhadap pelanggar berlalu lintas di kota Bengkulu ditinjau dari Undang-undang Nomor 22 Tahun 2009, serta untuk mengetahui faktor penghambat dalam penerapan pidana denda terhadap pelanggar barlalu lintas di Kota Bengkulu. Penelitian dilaksanakan disatuan lalu lintas Polres dan Polda Kota Bengkulu. Adapun data yang didapatkan adalah data primer dan data sekunder melalui penelitian lapangan dan penelitian kepustakaan, kemudian data dianalisis dengan cara deskriptif. Peraturan yang tertera pada undang-undang yang tertera sepenuhnya untuk meningkatkan kesadaran untuk setiap pelanggar yang melakukan pelanggaran, tetapi pada kota Bengkulu undang-undang tersebut tidak sepenuhnya berjalan efektif. Menurut pandangan Undang-undang 22 Tahun 2009, penerapan pidana denda masuk dalam kategori pidana pokok (sesuai Pasal 10 KUHP) sebagai urutan terakhir atau keempat, sesudah pidana mati, pidana penjara dan pidana kurungan. Selain dari itu, faktor penghambat keefektifan Undang-undang seperti faktor ekonomi, faktor kedekatan emosional dan faktor kekebalan institusional.Kata kunci: tindak pidana; hukum pidana; dendaABSTRACTThis study aims to determine the application of violators from cities in Bengkulu in terms of Law Number 22 of 2009, and to find out the inhibiting factors in the application of fines to traffic violators in the city of Bengkulu. The research was carried out in the traffic city of the City Police of the City of Bengkulu. The data obtained are primary data and secondary data used for library research and research, then the data are analyzed descriptively. The regulations stated in the law that are fully stated to increase awareness for every offender who commits an offense, but in the city of Bengkulu the law is not fully effective. According to the view of Law 22 of 2009, the application of criminal fines falls into the main criminal category (according to Article 10 of the Criminal Code) as the last or fourth order, after the death penalty, imprisonment and imprisonment. Apart from that, factors inhibiting the effectiveness of the law such as economic factors, emotional proximity factors and institutional immune factors.Keywords: crime; criminal law; fines

scholarly journals Spatial Distribution of Lichens in Metrosideros excelsa in Northern New Zealand Urban Forests

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 170
Author(s):  
Gladys N. Benitez ◽  
Glenn D. Aguilar ◽  
Dan Blanchon
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Lichen Species ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Lichen Community ◽  
The North ◽  
The City ◽  
Lichen Flora

The spatial distribution of corticolous lichens on the iconic New Zealand pōhutukawa (Metrosideros excelsa) tree was investigated from a survey of urban parks and forests across the city of Auckland in the North Island of New Zealand. Lichens were identified from ten randomly selected trees at 20 sampling sites, with 10 sites classified as coastal and another 10 as inland sites. Lichen data were correlated with distance from sea, distance from major roads, distance from native forests, mean tree DBH (diameter at breast height) and the seven-year average of measured NO2 over the area. A total of 33 lichen species were found with coastal sites harboring significantly higher average lichen species per tree as well as higher site species richness. We found mild hotspots in two sites for average lichen species per tree and another two separate sites for species richness, with all hotspots at the coast. A positive correlation between lichen species richness and DBH was found. Sites in coastal locations were more similar to each other in terms of lichen community composition than they were to adjacent inland sites and some species were only found at coastal sites. The average number of lichen species per tree was negatively correlated with distance from the coast, suggesting that the characteristic lichen flora found on pōhutukawa may be reliant on coastal microclimates. There were no correlations with distance from major roads, and a slight positive correlation between NO2 levels and average lichen species per tree.

The Growth and Shifting Spatial Distribution of Tent Encampments in Oakland, California

2021 ◽  
Vol 693 (1) ◽  
pp. 284-300
Author(s):  
Ryan Finnigan
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Spatial Dynamics ◽  
Transitional Housing ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The City

Tent encampments have become an especially common form of homelessness in West Coast cities like Oakland, California, where the number of people living in tent encampments increased by 130 percent between 2017 and 2019. Living in tent encampments provides residents both benefits and risks, depending on the encampments’ location, size, and stability. Using data from Google Street Views, I document the growth and spatial dynamics of tent encampments in west and central Oakland over the last decade. The number and size of tent encampments rapidly increased between 2014 and 2019, varying widely in their stability. City interventions like the city’s outdoor transitional housing sites displaced several large tent encampments. Combined with overall tent encampment growth, these displacements dispersed the encampments throughout nearby neighborhoods and other parts of the city.

scholarly journals Enteroparasitosis in patients attended by the health public service: epidemiology and spatial distribution

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 34764
Author(s):  
Andressa Barros Ibiapina ◽  
Janaína Soares Leal ◽  
Pedro Ricardo Alves de Santana ◽  
Marcelo Ribeiro Mesquita ◽  
Tito Lívio da Cunha Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Ascaris Lumbricoides ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intestinal Parasitosis ◽  
The City

AIMS: This research aims to determine the epidemiology and the spatial distribution of intestinal parasitosis in the city of Teresina.METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out based on the data of parasitological fecal exams performed in the Laboratory Raul Bacelar between January, 2014 and July, 2017. In addition to the prevalence of intestinal parasitosis and polyparasitism, we verified the association of these diseases with gender, zone and period of the year by means of the chi-squared test, whereas the relation with age was analyzed by the Mann-Kendall tests and multiple comparisons of age classes. The spatial distribution was performed using the QGIS georeferencing software.RESULTS: The prevalence of enteroparasitosis in Teresina is 17,8% with Ascaris lumbricoides being the most common species, due to the precarious sanitary conditions of the city. The prevalence of individuals with polyparasitism is 3,13%, in which an association between the species Entamoeba coli and Entamoeba histolytica/dispar was found. There was no relation between intestinal parasitosis with gender, but we verified that individuals in rural areas are more susceptible to these diseases. The species Ascaris lumbricoides and Entamoeba histolytica/dispar occur more frequently in the first and second semester, respectively. We observed that there is an apparent tendency to increase cases of E. histolytica/dispar and reduction of cases of Giardia sp. according to aging. Mapping intestinal parasitosis showed us that there is a prevalence between one and 20% in most of Teresina's neighborhoods, and Ascariasis embodies at least 40% of cases of enteroparasitosis in these neighborhoods.CONCLUSIONS: Investments in basic sanitation and new epidemiological investigations must be carried out to control intestinal parasitosis in Teresina, emphasizing that children and the elderly should be considered priority groups in these programs.

Analisis Pengaruh Citra Merek dan Kualitas Produk terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Ulang “Slai O’lai”

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Dini Nur Sofya ◽  
Sugeng Purwanto
Keyword(s):  
Product Quality ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Brand Image ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Test Reliability ◽  
Probability Sampling ◽  
Convenience Sampling ◽  
The City

Abstract This study aims to determine the effect of brand image and product quality on the decision to repurchase Slai O'lai products in the people of Kediri City and Regency. This type of research is explanatory research, which explains and proves the relationship and influence between the independent variable and the dependent variable. The research method used is quantitative method. This study used a sample of 110 respondents and distributed questionnaires in the City and District of Kediri with the help of Google Forms. Sampling used non-probability sampling method with convenience sampling method. The sample consists of respondents who live in the City and District of Kediri, aged 17 years and over, and have purchased Slai O'lai products more than 2 (two) times. The data used are primary and secondary data, while the analysis technique used in this study is Partial Least Square (PLS) with validity test, reliability test, and hypothesis testing. Based on the results of this study, it can be seen that brand image and product quality have a positive and significant effect on the decision to repurchase Slai O'lai sandwich biscuits. Keywords: brand Image, Product Quality, Repurchase Decision   Abstrak Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh citra merek dan kualitas produk terhadap keputusan pembelian ulang produk Slai O’lai pada masyarakat Kota dan Kabupaten Kediri. Jenis penelitian ini adalah explanatory research, yang menjelaskan dan membuktikan hubungan dan pengaruh antara variabel bebas dan variabel terikat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode kuantitatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel sebanyak 110 responden dan menyebarkan kuesioner di Kota dan Kabupaten Kediri dengan bantuan Google Forms. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode non-probability sampling dengan metode convenience sampling. Sampel terdiri dari responden yang berdomisili di Kota dan Kabupaten Kediri, berusia 17 tahun ke atas, dan telah membeli produk Slai O'lai lebih dari 2 (dua) kali. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan sekunder, sedangkan teknik analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Partial Least Square (PLS) dengan uji validitas, uji reliabilitas, serta uji hipotesis. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat diketahui bahwa citra merek dan kualitas produk berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian ulang biskuit sandwich merek Slai O’lai. Kata kunci: Citra Merek, Kualitas Produk, Keputusan Pembelian Ulang  

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