scholarly journals Judiciary as the last resort to protect children and adolescents: intersectoral actions, investment in human resources, and structuring of services

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 444-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lygia Maria Pereira da Silva ◽  
Maria das Graças Carvalho Ferriani ◽  
Marta Angélica Iossi Silva
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Public ◽  
State Supreme Court ◽  
The Family ◽  
Full Protection

This study aimed to identify the work developed by the Judiciary to prevent sexual violence against children and adolescents within the family. The approach to social representations in a cultural perspective was used. The field study consisted in the 1st and 2nd Court of Crimes against Children and Adolescents, at the State Supreme Court of Pernambuco, Brazil. Participant observation, semi-structured interviews, and focus group with 17 subjects were the techniques for data collection, analyzed through the interpretation of meanings, allowing the identification of the category "The Judiciary as the ultimate level" and the following subcategories: "The public policies to prevent violence" and "The structure and dynamics of Courts". This study allows the visualization of the Judiciary's limitations with regard to the full protection and absolute priority, and that the work along with the victims demands investments in structure and human resources.

scholarly journals Cultural Access to the Educational system in Iraq and its Impact on Human Development: Cultural Anthropology Perspective

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (126) ◽  
pp. 232-263
Author(s):  
Thakra Abd Manaam Ibraheem
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Educational System ◽  
Cultural Anthropology ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Comprehensive Development ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Descriptive Method

This paper concern with the cultural access to the educational system as a base for human development within Iraqi society. Students of Anthropology understand that culture would always shape the components of the society according to the cultural perspective, including educational system who reflects the cultural heritage in some way. This study is an attempt to study the impact of Iraqi culture as a base to rehabilitate and rebuild educational system to bring about and contribute to the continues development in relation to human resources recruitment in order to run the socio-economic aspects of the comprehensive development in the country depending on the educational system who play essential role in every society’s development; technically, scientifically and socially. The researcher adopted the descriptive method of data collection, including participant observation, semi-structured and structured interviews on a random sample of 160 respondents on Alsuha District of Alshaab City in Baghdad and Alshammasia district in Aladhamyah city. This is the only available way to collect data.

scholarly journals REPRESENTAÇÕES SOCIAIS DA ESCOLA: UM ESTUDO COM ADOLESCENTES EM ACOLHIMENTO INSTITUCIONAL NO MUNICÍPIO DE PONTA GROSSA/PR

polemica ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-36
Author(s):  
Diana Galone Somer ◽  
Constantino Ribeiro De Oliveira Junior ◽  
Solange Aparecida Barbosa de Moraes Barros
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
Social Representation ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
The Public ◽  
Radical Alterity ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family

Resumo: Este texto refere-se a uma pesquisa realizada com o objetivo de entender as Representações Sociais que as adolescentes acolhidas, em abril de 2016, na Casa Santa Luiza de Marillac e na Associação de Promoção a Menina (APAM), em Ponta Grossa/PR, possuem em relação à escola. As representações sociais estão ligadas ao grupo, no qual os indivíduos compartilham de uma realidade comum a um conjunto social na vida cotidiana. Ainda, a vulnerabilidade e risco social e suas implicações, no plano subjetivo, são estudadas. Posto que, com a família em situação de risco social seus membros podem se encontrar em vulnerabilidade, especialmente a criança e adolescente, e essas situações podem levá-los ao acolhimento. A metodologia empregada para obtenção e análise dos dados foi: pesquisa exploratória; grupo focal; e análise de conteúdo de categorias temáticas. Com base nos resultados da pesquisa, conclui-se que as relações positivas na escola são com os amigos, trazendo um sentimento de pertencimento; enquanto que as relações e interações negativas são com algumas professoras (os) e pedagogas (os), que tem ações que implicam na ocorrência do: bullying, estigma e a alteridade radical. Esses elementos descobertos influenciam na construção da identidade das adolescentes acolhidas. Percebeu-se que as escolas públicas possuem dificuldades no atendimento das crianças e adolescentes que estão em acolhimento.Palavras-chaves: Alunas/adolescentes acolhidas. Representação social. Escola.Abstract: This text refers to a research carried out with the purpose of understanding the Social Representations that the adolescents refuged in April of 2016 in Casa Santa Luiza de Marillac and the Association of Girl Promotion (APAM), in Ponta Grossa / PR, have in relation to the school. Social representations are linked to the group, in which individuals share a reality common to a social set in everyday life. Furthermore, vulnerability and social risk and their implications, on a subjective level, are studied. With the family at social risk, their members may find themselves in vulnerability, especially children and adolescents, and these situations may lead them to refuge them. The methodology used to obtain and analyze the data was: exploratory research; focus group; and content analysis of thematic categories. Based on the results of the research, we conclude that positive relationships in school are with friends, bringing a sense of belonging; while the negative relations and interactions are with some teachers and pedagogues, who have actions that imply in the occurrence of: bullying, stigma and radical alterity. These uncovered elements influence the construction of the identity of the adolescents. It was noticed that the public schools have difficulties in the care of the children and adolescents that are in refuge.Keywords: Students/teenagers in care. Social representation. School.

Peregrinação Acadêmica: A mulher Romeira do Bom Jesus da Lapa

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Célia Coelho Gomes da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Gender Identity ◽  
Social Reproduction ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The West ◽  
Patriarchal Family ◽  
The Family ◽  
West Part

This work is the result of the doctoral thesis entitled Pilgrimage of Bom Jesus da Lapa: Social Reproduction of the Family and Female Gender Identity, specifically the second chapter that talks about women in the Pilgrimage of Bom Jesus da Lapa, emphasizing gender relations, analyzing the location of the pilgrimage as a social reproduction of the patriarchal family and female gender identity. The research scenario is the Bom Jesus da Lapa Pilgrimage, which has been held for 329 years, in that city, located in the West part of Bahia. The research participants are pilgrim women who are in the age group between 50 and 70 years old and have participated, for more than five consecutive years in the Bom Jesus da Lapa Pilgrimage, belonging to five Brazilian states (Bahia, Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Espírito Santo and Goiás) that register a higher frequency of attendance at this religious event. We used bibliographic, qualitative, field and documentary research and data collection as our methodology; we applied participant observation and semi-structured interviews as a technique. We concluded that the Bom Jesus da Lapa Pilgrimage is a location for family social reproduction and the female gender identity, observing a contrast in the resignification of the role and in the profile of the pilgrim women from Bom Jesus da Lapa, alternating between permanence and the transformation of gender identity coming from patriarchy.

Nostalgia, the Fleeting, and the Rare in Chilean Relationships to Nature and Nonhuman Species

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 560-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meredith Root-Bernstein
Keyword(s):  
Participant Observation ◽  
Social Value ◽  
Public Realm ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Central Chile ◽  
The Public ◽  
Dominant Discourse ◽  
Mediterranean Habitat ◽  
Nonhuman Species ◽  
Over Time

Semi-structured interviews and participant observation were used to understand how urban Chileans form relationships with nature and nonhuman species in central Chile. Most informants expressed dislike of the typical mediterranean-habitat landscape, characterizing it as dry, poor, and empty. Yet many people expressed nostalgic attachment to specific places, species, and activities that they had experienced, often as children. Most of the reminisced-about interactions were fleeting or had been lost over time. In the dominant discourse, nature in the mediterranean zone of Chile is closely associated with poverty, and it is considered to lack beauty, biodiversity, culture, and history. Appeals to personal nostalgia may break through this discourse to form private assemblages of value. Chileans also attributed social value to interactions with species who are rare or who are found “exclusively” in Chile. Appeals to nostalgia, rarity, and exclusivity help to draw these private discourses into the public realm.

scholarly journals Familiares e representações do medo e sofrimento emocional da criança na emergência: reeducação colaborativa no cuidado

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 1530-1549
Author(s):  
Silvia Helena Oliveira Da Cunha ◽  
Eliane Ramos Pereira ◽  
Rose Mary Costa Rosa Andrade Silva ◽  
Renata Carla Nencetti Pereira Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Positive Reinforcement ◽  
Emotional Health ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
Child Death ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Pediatric Emergency ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
The Family ◽  
Culture Of Fear

Problema: Relações entre família e criança hospitalizada no contexto da emergência, reforçam frequentemente a cultura do medo por meio de condutas que a amedrontam demasiadamente, especialmente quando submetidas aos procedimentos dolorosos. Objetivos: analisar representações sociais da família acerca do sofrimento da criança na emergência; identificar a cultura do medo no contexto das representações da família e implicações; elaborar cartilha aos familiares como ferramenta facilitadora na minimização do estresse psicológico da criança. Método: Estudo descritivo, abordagem qualitativa, pautada na Teoria das Representações Sociais, utilizou-se técnicas de evocação livre, entrevista semiestruturada e observação participante. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de Bardin e classificados em cinco categorias: 1) profissionais de saúde; 2) objetos estranhos; 3) evento indesejável; 4) bactéria e infecção hospitalares e 5) medo da morte da criança. O estudo realizado na emergência pediátrica de um hospital universitário no município de Niterói/RJ e cujos sujeitos foram os familiares que acompanharam as crianças hospitalizadas. Conclusão: Percebe-se no cotidiano da emergência, que crianças sofrem dor emocional, antes da dor física, visto que medo excessivo da criança é culturalmente incentivado e aceito pelas famílias. Desconstruí-lo com educação e reforço positivo é eficaz ferramenta estratégica de promoção da saúde emocional ao binômio criança-família.   Problem: Relationships between hospitalized family and child in the emergency context often reinforce the culture of fear through behaviors that frighten her too much, especially when subjected to painful procedures. Objectives: to analyze social representations of the family about the suffering of the child in the emergency; Identify the culture of fear in the context of family representations and implications; To elaborate a booklet for the family as a facilitating tool in minimizing the psychological stress of the child. Method: Descriptive study, qualitative approach, based on Social Representations Theory, we used free evocation techniques, semi-structured interview and participant observation. The data were submitted to the analysis of Bardin and classified into five categories: 1) health professionals; 2) foreign objects; 3) undesirable event; 4) hospital bacterium and infection; and 5) fear of child death. The study carried out in the pediatric emergency of a university hospital in the city of Niterói / RJ and whose subjects were the relatives who accompanied the hospitalized children. Conclusion: It is noticed in the daily emergency that children suffer emotional pain, before physical pain, since excessive fear of the child is culturally encouraged and accepted by families. Deconstructing it with education and positive reinforcement is an effective strategic tool for promoting emotional health to the binomial child-family.

scholarly journals Institutional care for children and adolescents that use drugs

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Corrêa GOMES ◽  
Fernanda Kimie Tavares MISHIMA-GOMES ◽  
Clarissa Mendonça CORRADI-WEBSTER
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Social Vulnerability ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Institutional Care ◽  
Psychosocial Care ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Specific Population ◽  
A Current

Abstract The literature highlights the existence of weaknesses in the psychosocial care network, especially in the treatment of children and adolescents that use drugs. The study aimed to comprehend, based on the Winnicottian theoretical framework, how a Residential Care Unit has been providing care to children and adolescents with needs arising from drugs use in situations of social vulnerability. Semi-structured interviews, with eight care providers, and 65 hours of participant observation were carried out. From the thematic analysis, three themes were constructed: (1) Setting: regarding attention to basic needs and construction of a routine; (2) View: regarding empathy and expansion of perspectives; (3) Aggressiveness: regarding new ways of relating. Important actions are aimed at constructing care for this specific population, as this is a current theme with recent and weakly structured public policies.

scholarly journals The purpose of the communication process of group activities in the Family Health Strategy

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 396-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leticia Silveira Cardoso ◽  
Marta Regina Cezar-Vaz ◽  
Mara Regina Santos da Silva ◽  
Valdecir Zavarese da Costa
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Work Organization ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Communication Process ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Group Activities ◽  
Health Strategy ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Health Strategy

This study identified the purposes of the communication process in the group activities of the Family Health strategy from the perspective of nurses. Semi-structured interviews were conducted and recorded with 60 nurses and non-participant observation with 19 group activities, analyzed according to qualitative content analysis. Five categories emerged: Health education, Clinical follow-up, Co-responsibilization of patients, Team-Community Interaction, and Work Organization. These categories revealed that the establishment of reciprocal interactions among professionals, patients and families favor health promotion because it encourages the exchange of knowledge among the participants concerning their health experiences.

Being old, being healthy: the dimension of health in the social representations of old age

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Gabriela Silveira de Paula ◽  
Patrícia Do Socorro Magalhães Franco Espírito-Santo
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Key Words Aging ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Social

ABSTRACT Objective: to understand the social representations of the elderly on aging and experiences related to health involved in this process. Methodology: the qualitative methodology was applied; data collection was carried out through participant observation, semi-structured interviews and field journal. The interviews were recorded, and a signed a free and clear consent form was obtained, with seven elderly volunteers in Franca – São Paulo, Brazil. The study was approved by Uni-FACEF´s Research Ethics Committee (035/2009). Results: from the analyses of the interviews, three social representations were found among which health constituted the center of discussion: (1) Life silencing: a stigmatized old age where health is determined by declining physical and mental capacities; (2) New identity: an active old age where health is what provides freedom and independence; (3) A natural process: old age is an expected stage and health is spiritual well-being. Conclusions: these results show that social representations of old age are associated to the current redefinition of health; to a positive concept of health; and to the individual’s responsibility for health, that is associated with the aging reprivatization. Key words: Aging; health; social representations; contemporaneity. RESUMO Objetivo: compreender as representações sociais do idoso acerca do envelhecer e das vivências relativas à saúde implicadas neste processo. Metodologia: utilizou-se a metodologia qualitativa, a coleta de dados foi realizada por meio da observação participante, entrevistas semi-estruturadas, e diário de campo. Após a assinatura dos termos de consentimento livre e esclarecido, as entrevistas foram gravadas com sete idosos voluntários na cidade de Franca – SP. Para preservar a identidade dos participantes, todos os nomes utilizados neste artigo são fictícios. O projeto de pesquisa foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa do Centro Universitário de Franca (protocolo 035/2009). Resultados: a partir das análises das entrevistas, emergiram três RS acerca da velhice, nas quais a saúde constituiu-se em eixo de discussão: (1) A vida silenciando: uma velhice estigmatizada, em que a saúde é marcada por declínios nas capacidades físicas e mentais; (2) A Nova identidade: uma velhice ativa em que a saúde é aquilo que dá liberdade e independência; (3) Um Processo natural: a velhice é uma etapa esperada, e a saúde é o bem-estar espiritual. Conclusões: tais resultados demonstram que as RS da velhice estão associadas à atual ressignificação da saúde; a um conceito positivo de saúde; e à responsabilização individual pela saúde, a qual se associa à reprivatização do envelhecimento. Descritores: envelhecimento; saúde; representações sociais; contemporaneidade. RESUMEN Objetivo: comprender las representaciones sociales de las personas mayores sobre el envejecimiento y las experiencias relacionadas con la salud implicada en este proceso. Metodología: se utilizó una metodología cualitativa, la recolección de datos fue realizada por medio de la observación participante, entrevistas semi-estructuradas y diario de campo. Las entrevistas fueron grabadas, firmados los términos del consentimiento libre e informado, con siete voluntarios de la ciudad de Franca – São Paulo, Brasil. El estudio fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética en Investigación de la Uni-FACEF. Resultados: a partir del análisis de las entrevistas, reveló tres representaciones sociales sobre la vejez, donde la salud se constituyó en un eje de discusión: (1) La vida silenciando: una vejez estigmatizada, donde la salud se caracteriza por la disminución de la capacidad física y mental, (2) La nueva identidad: una vejez activa, donde la salud es lo que concede libertad e independencia, (3) Un proceso natural: el envejecimiento es un paso esperado y la salud es el bienestar espiritual.  Conclusiones: Estos resultados demuestran que las representaciones sociales de la edad están asociadas con la actual resignificación de la salud; con un concepto positivo de la salud, que se asocia con la reprivatización del envejecimiento. Descriptores: Envejecimiento; salud; representaciones sociales; contemporaneidad.

scholarly journals Geriatric care: ways and means of providing comfort

2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 830-837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Cruz Pontifice Sousa Valente Ribeiro ◽  
Rita Margarida Dourado Marques ◽  
Marta Pontifice Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Geriatric Care ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Positive Interaction ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Moment ◽  
First Contact

ABSTRACT Objective: To know the ways and means of comfort perceived by the older adults hospitalized in a medical service. Method: Ethnographic study with a qualitative approach. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 22 older adults and participant observation of care situations. Results: The ways and means of providing comfort are centered on strategies for promoting care mobilized by nurses and recognized by patients(clarifying/informing, positive interaction/communication, music therapy, touch, smile, unconditional presence, empathy/proximity relationship, integrating the older adult or the family as partner in the care, relief of discomfort through massage/mobilization/therapy) and on particular moments of comfort (the first contact, the moment of personal hygiene, and the visit of the family), which constitute the foundation of care/comfort. Final considerations: Geriatric care is built on the relationship that is established and complete with meaning, and is based on the meeting/interaction between the actors under the influence of the context in which they are inserted. The different ways and means of providing comfort aim to facilitate/increase care, relieve discomfort and/or invest in potential comfort.

scholarly journals Professionals and interfamily violence against children and adolescents: in between legal and conceptual precepts

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 779-784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriele Schek ◽  
Mara Regina Santos da Silva ◽  
Carl Lacharité ◽  
Maria Emilia Nunes Bueno
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Professional Discourse ◽  
Violence Against Children ◽  
Intervention Process ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
The Family

Abstract OBJECTIVE To identify the conceptions of professionals regarding interfamily violence against children and adolescents. METHOD A qualitative study conducted with 15 professionals who had taken children and adolescents under their care as a result of interfamily violence. Data were collected between November, 2013, and March, 2015, through semi-structured interviews. Data were organized and analyzed using the Textual Discourse Analysis technique. RESULTS The professional discourse highlighted that some legal aspects regarding the handling of interfamily violence against children and adolescents are neglected; an omission supported by the justification of professionals to preserve the family. We highlight the confrontation between the concept of family as a caregiver and the family that commits violence against children, in addition to the positioning of professionals, which does not include the family or the aggressor in the intervention process in facing situations of interfamily violence attended to by the services. CONCLUSION Acting against interfamily violence requires professionals to do away with some pre-established concepts in ordee to put the actual needs of victims and families into evidence.

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