scholarly journals Evaluation of soil contamination by heavy metals at public cemeteries in the municipality of Lages, southern Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 883-891
Author(s):  
Camila Angélica Baum ◽  
Valter Antonio Becegato ◽  
Laís Lavnitcki ◽  
Pâmela Becalli Vilela ◽  
Eduardo Costa Duminelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Continuum Source ◽  
National Environment ◽  
Cadmium Lead ◽  
Control Samples ◽  
High Aluminum

ABSTRACT The burial of bodies is a potentially polluting activity. Taking this into consideration, the aim of the present study was to verify the compliance of two cemeteries with environmental legislation and to quantify the concentrations of heavy metals in soils affected by burial activities. Physicochemical characterization of the soil was performed by analyzing control samples from areas near the cemeteries. Concentrations of cadmium, lead, chromium, nickel, zinc and copper were determined using high-resolution continuum source atomic absorption spectrometry. The two cemeteries had unsatisfactory properties for the retention of metal cations, with clay percentages ranging from 15.40 to 41.40% and sand percentages ranging from 28.75 to 66.85%. The control samples presented low cation exchange capacity (12.27 to 22.73 cmolc/dm³) and high aluminum (Al3+) saturation (66.74 to 90.16%). Although neither of the two cemeteries had concentrations above the limits established for the metals analyzed by Resolution No. 420/2009 of the National Environment Council, the contaminants may be leaching to groundwater due to inadequate soil characteristics.

scholarly journals DETECTION AND SAFETY AWARENESS OF HEAVY METALS IN COSMETIC PRODUCTS FREQUENTLY USED IN SAUDI ARABIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1439-1448
Author(s):  
Samia S. Barghash ◽  
◽  
Hatem Abdel Moniem Ahmed ◽  
Modhi K. Al-Baker ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Graphite Furnace ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Cosmetic Products ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Saudi Women ◽  
Cadmium Lead ◽  
Gf Aas

Background: Heavymetalscontaminationincosmeticproducts isbecoming animportant healthprobleminboth worldwide and locally at the level of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA).The aim of this study was to detectthe concentration of heavy metals in the most commonly used eyeliners purchased in Saudi Arabia. Also, to assesssafetyawarenessoftoxicelementsofmostconcernheavymetalsin cosmetics. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was designed and distributed electronically in Saudi Arabia in November 2015.The questionnairewas conducted on 769 Saudi women aged from15-60 years old that is using cosmetic products. Secondly, 10samples from 10 different types of eyeliners frequently used in Saudi Arabia were digested. The digested sampleswere analyzed for lead, cadmium andmercury using graphite furnace- atomic absorption spectrometry (GF-AAS). Results:Themajorityofcosmetictypesusedbyparticipantswereeye-linerkohl(73.9%).About(34.59 %) of participants were not aware about heavy metals contents in cosmetics. The heavy metals, cadmium, lead andmercury were detected in all samples with varying concentrations. The level of lead was the highest. There was asignificant difference of cadmium, lead and mercury concentration p< (0.05) in different brands of eyeliner. Therewasstatisticallysignificant difference betweencadmiumandlead alsobetweenmercuryandlead p<0.05ofdifferenteyelinerbrands. Conclusion: It was foundthatthemajorityofparticipantsexpectedthatexpensivecosmeticsaresafe and theypreferred internationalbrandswhichisnotnecessarytobesafe.

Mineralogical and physicochemical characterization of selected Portuguese Mesozoic-Cenozoic muddy/clayey raw materials to be potentially used as healing clays

Clay Minerals ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rebelo ◽  
F. Rocha ◽  
E. Ferreira Da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Mineral Water ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Geological Formations

AbstractThe use of pelitic geological materials for the treatment of muscle-bone-skin pathologies, by application of a cataplasm made of clay and mineral water mixture, is currently receiving attention and interest from the general public and scientific community. In Portugal there are several natural occurrences of clays/muds which are used for pelotherapy and/or geotherapy. These are carried out either indoors (thalassotherapy and thermal centres) or outdoors, in natural sites generally located near the seaside. The aim of this study is to assess the mineralogical and physicochemical properties of Portuguese raw materials for therapeutic purposes. These materials were collected from different Portuguese Mesozoic-Cenozoic geological formations located in the neighbourhood of thermal centres or at beaches known from their empirical applications. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDS) were used to assess the mineralogical composition of these clays. Physicochemical properties, such as specific surface area, cation exchange capacity, plasticity/abrasiveness indices and heat diffusiveness were also determined. Having distinct geological ages and genesis, the materials examined are mainly illitic. Less abundant kaolinite and smectite are also present. With respect to their physicochemical properties, all samples have good thermal properties which make them potentially suitable for therapeutic or aesthetic purposes.

scholarly journals Treatment and remediation by the stabilization/solidification process based on hydraulic binders of soil contaminated by heavy metals

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-178
Author(s):  
Rachid Sahnoune ◽  
Karim Moussaceb
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Solidification Process ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Metallic Elements ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
High Concentrations

Abstract Nature and the environment are affected by various human industrial and/or urban discharges. Remediation for this problem requires first and foremost an in-depth analysis and an overall characterization of the intrinsic properties of the pollution-receiving environments. Secondly it is necessary to predict in these environments the behavior of dangerous chemical species (here particularly heavy metals) in the long term. This study focuses mainly on a detailed characterization of 4 soil samples sampled in vicinity of wild dump-BOULIMAT located 15 km west of the city of Bejaia-Algeria. The samples were characterised by atomic absorption spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, Fluorescence X and Infrared spectroscopy. The data showed high concentrations of metallic elements especially Zn (2,651.8 mg.kg−1) and Ni (163.44 mg.kg−1) in the soil samples. For their remediation, the stabilization/solidification (S/S) process with hydraulic binders appeared promising in reducing the polluting power of metal. This approach has considerably reduced the content of pollutants; 98 % removal was obtained for Ni and 99 % for Zn. The XRD analysis technique revealed the occurrence or absence of metallic elements in the crystallized phases.

scholarly journals Physicochemical Parameters and Heavy Metals Content of Soil Samples from Farms in Minna

2015 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 154-163
Author(s):  
Z. Abdulhamid ◽  
E.B. Agbaji ◽  
C.E. Gimba ◽  
A.S. Agbaji
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Physico Chemical

Physico-chemical properties and heavy metals content of soils were determined from seven farms in Minna, central Nigeria. Conventional analytical methods were employed to determine the physico-chemical properties and the heavy metals were analysed by atomic absorption spectrometry. The result showed that pH values ranged from 6.64 - 7.70 indicating slight acidity to slight alkalinity of the soils. The total organic carbon values ranged from 0.95-2.25 % resulting in the presence of organic matter (1.63-3.87). The electrical conductivity values ranged from 17-37 μS/cm. The cation exchange capacity of the soil samples ranged from 3.68-5.15 cmol/kg. The heavy metals levels were in the following range: Cd (0.00018-0.00134 mg/g), Cu (0.0069-0.0476 mg/g), Fe (1.942-2.2059 mg/g), Mn (0.1825-0.3696 mg/g), Ni (0.0065-0.0069 mg/g) and Zn (0.0157-0.2252 mg/g). The concentration of the metals in the soil samples varied according to the following trend: Fe>Mn>Zn> Cu>Ni>Cd. The average concentration of all the metals in each farm also gave the trend Farm B>Farm G>Farm E>Farm C>Farm F>Farm D>Farm A. The findings indicate the presence of heavy metals in all the farms but only Fe was above the FAO/WHO standards.

Characterization of solid magnetic nanoparticles by means of solid sampling high resolution continuum source electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 2391-2398 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Vereda Alonso ◽  
M. M. López Guerrero ◽  
M. T. Siles Cordero ◽  
J. M. Cano Pavón ◽  
A. García de Torres
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Iron Concentration ◽  
Electrothermal Atomic Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Direct Determination ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Solid Sampling ◽  
Continuum Source

Direct determination of iron concentration and particle size of solid MNPs using HR CS GFAAS.

Sludge of wastewater treatment plants as Co2+ ions sorbent

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimír Frišták ◽  
Martin Pipiška ◽  
Miroslav Horník ◽  
Jozef Augustín ◽  
Juraj Lesný
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model

AbstractSludges produced in huge amounts by wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) display high fertility properties; however, the presence of heavy metals restricts their use for agricultural purposes. Sorption capacity of sludge is generally much higher and it can also be considered as a cheap sorbent of heavy metals. The paper describes cobalt sorption by dried activated sludge (DAS) obtained from the aerobic phase of a WWTP. DAS was characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) analysis. Sorption capacity of DAS (Q eq) increased with the initial concentration (C 0) of Co2+ (CoCl2) within the range from 100 μmol g−1 to 4000 μmol g−1, reaching 15 μmol g−1 and 200 μmol g−1, respectively. The maximum uptake capacity (Q max) at pH 6.0 calculated from the Langmuir isotherm model was (256 ± 9) μmol g−1 for Co2+ ions. Obtained Q values were dependent on pH within the range from 3.0 to 7.0. Competitive effect of other bivalent cations such as Ni2+ in Co2+ sorption equilibrium was confirmed; which is in agreement with the hypothesis of the decisive role of ion-exchange mechanism in metal sorption. The obtained data are discussed from the point of view of potential utilization of sludges as sorbents, i.e. in non-agricultural application.

Determination of heavy metals in cigarettes using high-resolution continuum source graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (27) ◽  
pp. 4033-4043 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Ren ◽  
Xi Chen ◽  
Yao Ge ◽  
Lijiao Zhao ◽  
Rugang Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Graphite Furnace ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Continuum Source ◽  
Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption

Quantitative determination of toxic metals in tobacco, smoke, ash and butts of cigarettes using HR-CS GFAAS.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the impact of gold mining activities on the waters and sediments of Lom River, Wakaso, Cameroon and the restorative effect of Moringa Oleifera seeds

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mouhamed Ayiwouo Ngounouno ◽  
Luc Leroy Mambou Ngueyep ◽  
Sifeu Takougang Kingni ◽  
Sirri Neba Nforsoh ◽  
Ismaila Ngounouno
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Gold Mining ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Maximum Removal

AbstractThe impact of gold mining activities on the Lom River in Wakaso (Adamawa Cameroon) and the potential of Moringa Oleifera seeds for the removal of pollutants from wastewater is evaluated on this paper. Water samples were collected for physicochemical (hydrogen potential, electrical conductivity, turbidity and suspended solids) and chemical (major ions and heavy metals) analyses. To evaluate the effect of mining activities on waters and sediments, a combination of multivariate statistical analysis (MSA) and methods to assess the sediment quality was used. The restorative effect of Moringa oleifera seeds was studied with the determination of the maximum removal efficiencies and the maximum adsorption capacities. The results of the physicochemical characterization of waters showed that these waters were slightly acidic to slightly basic (6.12–8.12), weakly conductive (185.8–584.1 μS cm−1), turbid (345–801NTU) and had high content of suspended solids (167–700 mg L−1). The average concentrations of studied heavy metals (Ni, Cd, Fe, Mn, As and Hg) in waters exceeded the limits recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) standards. Physicochemical characterization of sediments revealed that they were acidic to neutral (5.95–6.80) and organic matter (OM) content ranged from 11.11 to 15.78%. The concentrations of studied trace metals (Ni, Cd, Fe, Hg, Mn and As) in sediments were below the limits recommended by the WHO except for Cd and Hg. The study of the capacity of Moringa oleifera seeds to remove pollutants in waters showed that 54% of the electrical conductivity, 80% of turbidity and 94% of suspended solids were reduced. The maximum removal efficiency of 91.66, 92.30 and 24.48 and the maximum adsorption capacity of 2.4, 2.6 and 16.6 mg g−1were observed for Cd (II), Hg (II) and Fe (II), respectively. Thus, the Moringa oleifera seeds which are locally available natural bio-adsorbent exhibit attractive property to treat wastewater.

scholarly journals Physicochemical Characterization of Cherry Pits-Derived Biochar

Materials ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 408
Author(s):  
Vladimír Frišták ◽  
Diana Bošanská ◽  
Martin Pipíška ◽  
Libor Ďuriška ◽  
Stephen M. Bell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Material Characterization ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Surface Functional Groups ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Surface Functionality ◽  
Boehm Titration ◽  
Pyrolysis Processes

Although the suitability of some biochars for contaminants’ sorption separation has been established, not all potential feedstocks have been explored and characterized. Here, we physicochemically characterized cherry pit biochar (CPB) pyrolyzed from cherry pit biomass (CP) at 500 °C, and we assessed their As and Hg sorption efficiencies in aqueous solutions in comparison to activated carbon (AC). The basic physicochemical and material characterization of the studied adsorbents was carried out using pH, electrical conductivity (EC), cation exchange capacity (CEC), concentration of surface functional groups (Boehm titration), and surface area (SA) analysis; elemental C, H, N analysis; and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM–EDX). AsO43− anions and Hg2+ cations were selected as model contaminants used to test the sorption properties of the sorption materials. Characterization analyses confirmed a ninefold increase in SA in the case of CPB. The total C concentration increased by 26%, while decreases in the total H and N concentrations were observed. The values of carbonate and ash contents decreased by about half due to pyrolysis processes. The concentrations of surface functional groups of the analyzed biochar obtained by Boehm titration confirmed a decrease in carboxyl and lactone groups, while an increase in phenolic functional groups was observed. Changes in the morphology and surface functionality of the pyrolyzed material were confirmed by SEM–EDX and FTIR analyses. In sorption experiments, we found that the CPB showed better results in the sorption separation of Hg2+ than in the sorption separation of AsO43−. The sorption efficiency for the model cation increased in the order CP < CPB < AC and, for the model anion, it increased in the order CPB < CP < AC.

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