scholarly journals Prevalence of overweight and obesity in elderly people from Vitória-ES, Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 749-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabíola Bof de Andrade ◽  
Arnaldo de França Caldas Junior ◽  
Pedro Makumbundu Kitoko ◽  
Jose Edmilson Mazza Batista ◽  
Tania Bof de Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

The scope of this study was to estimate the prevalence of overweight and obesity and its association with socio-economic status in a sample of non-institutionalized elderly people from Vitória-ES, Brazil. This was a cross-sectional survey with a sample of 882 elderly people aged 60 and over. Obesity and overweight were assessed using the body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). All subjects answered a personal and socio-demographic questionnaire in relation to age, gender, marital status, physical activity, number of children, chronic diseases and smoking. Associations between categorical variables were tested using chi-square analysis with a 5% significance level. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was high (41.8% and 23.4%, respectively) and 50.7% of the elderly had a substantially increased waist circumference. About 4.3% of the individuals had diabetes, 50.4% had hypertension and 14.9% were found to have both diseases. It was observed that both the BMI and WC were significant associated (p<0.05) with sex, marital status, the presence of diseases and with cigarette smoking.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes and Associated Risk Factors Among Saharawi Refugees (P10-071-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sigrun Henjum ◽  
Victoria Telle Hjellset ◽  
Marte Karoline Raberg Kjollesdal ◽  
Merethe Flaaten ◽  
Eivind Andersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Refugee Camps ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Abstract Objectives Economic development, globalization and urbanization has resulted in a shift in dietary consumption and energy expenditure in low- and middle-income countries, called the Nutrition Transition. At the same time, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and associated co-morbidities are rising worldwide. The Saharawi refugees have been living in refugee camps in the Algerian desert since 1975 and are totally dependent on food aid. High prevalence of overweight and obesity has been reported among Saharawi women. Limited knowledge about the prevalence of T2D and associated risk factors exists in this population; therefore, the aim with this study was to address this gap in the literature. Methods A cross-sectional survey was carried out in five Saharawi refugee camps, in Algeria and 180 women and 175 men were randomly selected. Participants’ blood glucose levels was assessed by HbA1c measurements and diagnosed with diabetes if HbA1c ≥48 mmol/mol and prediabetes if HbA1c was between 42–47 mmol/mol. The Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISK) was used to assess various risk factors for T2D. Results Mean HbA1c among the Saharawi refugees was 38 mmol/mol. Seven and 15% were diagnosed with T2D and prediabetes, respectively, and 26% and 19% were overweight and obese, respectively. According to FINDRISK, 9% of the participants had high risk of developing diabetes, 10% had moderate risk, 37% had some risk and 44% had low risk. In multiple logistic regression models, after controlling for age, gender, number of children, BMI and education, the strongest predictor for diabetes was waist circumference, OR (95% CI): 1.1 (1.0, 1.1). The strongest predictor for prediabetes was age and waist circumference OR (95% CI): 1.0 (1.0, 1.1) and OR (95% CI): 1.1 (1.0, 1.1), respectively. Conclusions We found moderate prevalence of diabetes among the Saharawi refugees; however a high proportion had prediabetes and were suffering from overweight and obesity. In light of this, the rates of T2D are likely to increase dramatically in the near future. The Saharawi health authorities should pay attention to the increased risk of diabetes in this in this vulnerable population. Funding Sources Oslo Metropolitan University.

scholarly journals Overweight and obesity in preschoolers: Prevalence and relation to food consumption

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aretha Matos de Araujo ◽  
Socorro Adriana de Sousa Meneses Brandão ◽  
Marcos Antônio da Mota Araújo ◽  
Karoline de Macêdo Gonçalves Frota ◽  
Regilda Saraiva dos Reis Moreira-Araujo
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Chocolate Milk ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level

Summary Objective: To determine overweight and obesity prevalence in preschool children from public education, and to determine their relation to food consumption. Method: Cross-sectional study with children aged between 2 and 5 years, of both sexes, enrolled at municipal day care centers. Socioeconomic, demographic and anthropometric data were collected, in order to calculate the body mass index (BMI) for age. Data on food consumption were assessed using a Food Frequency Questionnaire. χ2 test, Kruskal-Wallis test, Student's t-test and Pearson's correlation were used at a significance level of 5%. Results: Of 548 children, 52% were male, with mean age of 4.2 years old. Most families had incomes between 1 and 2 minimum wages (59.7%), in addition to 10 years (mothers) of education. Anthropometric parameters did not differ significantly between sexes. According to the BMI-for-age, it was found that most of children were well-nourished (85.2%), 8.2% had the risk of becoming overweight, and 4.2% were overweight. The most consumed foods were: rice (100%), beans (99.4%), bread (98.5%), fruit (98.5%), red meat (97.1%), butter and margarine (95.4%), biscuits, cakes and sweet pies (94.1%), dairy products (94.1%), chocolate milk (91.7%), and soft drinks (90.2%). Consumed foods that were strongly correlated (r > 0.7) to the risk of/excess weight were, as follows: bread; biscuits, cakes, sweet pies; dairy products; chocolate milk; sausages. Conclusion: There was low prevalence of overweight and absence of obesity among the population assessed. The risk of overweight was greater among girls. Data from the study showed deviations in food consumption.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Abdominal Obesity and Its Correlates among the Adults in Dodoma Region, Tanzania: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariam John Munyogwa ◽  
Abdalla Hussein Mtumwa
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models

Introduction. Overweight and obesity are a threat to the public health following their association with noncommunicable diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and some cancers. Despite this fact, the information on overweight and obesity, particularly in most developing countries, is still scarce to address the problem. This article partly addresses the gap through the findings of a cross-sectional survey that was conducted in Dodoma Region, Central Tanzania, to determine the prevalence and correlates of abdominal obesity among adults. Methods. Using a community-based cross-sectional survey, data were generated from the participants who aged 18 years and above. Simple random sampling and Kish selection table techniques were used to get the sample who responded through a face-to-face-administered questionnaire. Waist circumference was measured using the guideline of the WHO protocol of measuring waist and hip circumference. Abdominal obesity is defined as a condition with waist circumference >102 cm for men and >88 cm for women. Prevalence was computed with a 95% confidence interval. Simple and multiple logistic regression models were fitted to identify the risk factors associated with abdominal obesity. Results. A total of 840 respondents took part in the study. The overall prevalence of abdominal obesity was found to be 24.88% (209/840). The prevalence of abdominal obesity was significantly higher among women than men (35.14% vs. 6.89%, p<0.0001) and higher among urban dwellers (33.56%) than their rural counterparts (15.56%). Correlates of abdominal obesity was found to be gender, marital status, place of residence, age, education level, and the time used in watching television. Conclusion. This study revealed a high prevalence of abdominal obesity among the people living in the Dodoma Region. Increased age, urban residence, more time spent on television, less walking per day, and being ever married were all associated with having abdominal obesity in this population.

scholarly journals Utilisation of Emergency Contraception Among Final Year University Female Students

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilbert Ti-enkawol Nachinab ◽  
Mubarick Nungbaso Asumah ◽  
Vida Nyagre Yakong ◽  
Edwina Pwamang ◽  
Cynthia Apawo Awe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marital Status ◽  
Emergency Contraception ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Unprotected Sex ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
Emergency Contraceptives

Abstract Introduction: Unwanted pregnancy and unsafe abortion have become serious public health concerns around the world, particularly among female students in both developed and developing countries. The general objective of this study was to investigate the utilization of emergency contraception among final-year female students of a public university in Ghana. Methods A stratified random sample was used to enroll 199 female university students for descriptive cross-sectional research. SPSS version 25 was used to analyze the data. To compare categorical variables, Chi-square analysis was employed, and a p-value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Majority (88.4%) of the respondents demonstrated sufficient knowledge, and 84.4% had a favorable attitude towards emergency contraceptives (ECs). On the indications for EC; after unprotected sex (65.3%), after a missed period (22.6%), when one is raped (83.4%), unwanted pregnancy (75.9%), and rupture of condoms (88.9%) were identified. The majority (59.3%) of students have used EC, with most of the students (43.7%) using Postinor-2. The overall attitude towards EC and Residence (X2=7.5; p=0.023), Religion (X2=6.2; p=0.042), and marital status (X2=17.1, p=0.001) were statistically significant. There was a significant association between the use of EC and Residence (X2=10.9; p=0.004) and marital status (X2=8.6; p=0.035). Conclusion The findings of this study indicated that students had a high degree of awareness, understanding, and attitude about EC, with a significant number of the respondents likely to utilize it in the future. This may aid in the treatment of female students' sexual and reproductive health issues and prevent dropping out of school as a result of unwanted pregnancy. Also, there is the need to engage opinion leaders to address their concerns to allow for the effective utilization of emergency contraceptives.

scholarly journals Awal Mula dan Rutinitas Bersepeda Tidak Mempengaruhi Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Muhammad Fadhol Romdhoni, M.Si. ◽  
Yuhantoro Budi Handoyo Sakti ◽  
Dewi Karita
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Index Value ◽  
The Relationship

Research in Semarang 9.1% and 10.6% of children aged 6-7 years, suffered from overweight and obesity, with the ratio of boys are higher than girls. Lifestyle changes is the first step to regulate body mass index back to normal. Healthy active lifestyle is now being campaigned, one of exercises that recently famous is biking. This research is to find out the relationship between time baseline with IMT and biking routine with IMT. This study is a one group survey without a control design. The method used in this study is a cross sectional survey. Respondents are biker who agreed to participated in this study. This study was conducted of 173 respondents. Non-parametric statistical analysis test using Kolmogorov smirnov (alternative test of chi square reasons the data does not meet the requirements). Data on the relationship between time baseline and BMI was p = 0.654 (p> 0.05), shows that time baseline is not related with body mass index (BMI) values. Furthermore, the relationship of biking routines with BMI was p = 0.376 (p> 0.05), which is not related between biking routines and body mass index (BMI) values. In conclusion, that time baseline and biking routines have no relationship to the body mass index value, as one of obesity indicator.

scholarly journals Kualitas hidup lansia hipertensi dengan overweight dan tidak overweight

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Tri Mei Khasana ◽  
Nyoman Kertia ◽  
Probosuseno Probosuseno
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
High Income ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Environmental Domain

The quality of life in elderly hypertension with overweight and non-overweightBackground: Indonesia will enter the period of aging and an increase in several elderlies with chronic diseases. The biggest health problems of the elderly are degenerative diseases, namely hypertension which significantly disrupts the quality of life both in terms of physical and mental health. One of the causal conditions associated with hypertension is overweight and obesity, which is known at this time the prevalence of obesity is growing progressively in old age. However, the results of research related to the influence of obesity on quality of life are still controversial.Objective: To determine differences in quality of life between hypertensive elderly who are overweight and non-overweight.Method: Cross-sectional study conducted in Yogyakarta City in Januari-April 2017 with a subject of 200 elderly people aged 60-74 years. Overweight was determined based on BMI measurements (>23 kg/m2) with an estimation of elderly height using depa length, quality of life of the elderly was measured using WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire, and compared the quality of life by age, gender, education, occupation, income, marital status, comorbidity, and disease history. Data analysis used independent t-test and linear regression.Results: Mean of environmental domain score was significantly higher (p=0,012) in elderly hypertension with overweight (26,69±3,28) compared to elderly hypertension non-overweight (25,44±3,58). Overweight protective effect on the low quality of life of the environment domain because it is influenced by other factors such as marital status, income, and education. Multivariate analysis shows that income and marital status are external factors that consistently influence the quality of life of the elderly both in total scores and per domain. High-income elderly people with married status have a better quality of life score.Conclusions: The mean score of the environmental domain is higher in elderly hypertension with overweight. Quality of life scores will be better in high income elderly and married.

scholarly journals PERFIL SOCIODEMOGRÁFICO E ANTROPOMÉTRICO DE IDOSOS DE GRUPOS DE CONVIVÊNCIA

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Augusto Santos Silva
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Anthropometric Profile

Objetivou-se neste estudo descrever e analisar o perfil sociodemográfico e antropométrico de idosos de grupos de convivência. O estudo transversal foi formado por 181 idosos (98 mulheres e 83 homens) de 18 diferentes grupos de Aracaju-SE. As variáveis sociodemográficas foram: idade, escolaridade, estado civil e renda. As antropométricas foram: massa corporal (MC), estatura, circunferência da cintura (CC) e do quadril (CQ). Calculou-se o IMC e o RCQ. Empregou-se a estatística descritiva, teste “t” para amostras independentes e análise de variância, com comparações post-hoc de Tukey, adotando um p<0,05. A maioria dos idosos tinha mais de 70 anos (64%), eram do sexo feminino (54%), com no máximo ensino fundamental (73%), casados (68%) e com renda própria (60%). A MC e a estatura diminuíram com o passar da idade. Em média, o IMC foi superior aos recomendados em todas as faixas etárias. Mais mulheres do que homens apresentaram inadequação na CC e RCQ. SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC AND ANTHROPOMETRIC PROFILE OF ELDERLY PEOPLE FROM COEXISTENCE GROUPS. abstract The aim of this study was to describe and analyze sociodemographic and anthropometric profile of elderly from coexistence groups. The cross-sectional study was formed by 181 elderly people (98 women and 83 men) of 18 different groups of Aracaju-SE. The sociodemographic variables were: age, education, marital status and income. The anthropometric were: body mass (BM), height, waist circumference (WC) and hip (WH). The BMI and the WHR were calculates. It was applied the descriptive statistics, “t” test for independent samples and analysis of variance, with post-hoc of Tukey, adopting p <0.05. Most elderly people had more than 70 years (64%), were female (54%), with at most elementary school (73%), married (68%), and with own income (60%). The BM and stature declined with the age passage. On average, BMI was higher than those recommended for all ages. More women than men showed inadequacy in the WC and WHR.

scholarly journals Association of upper crossed syndrome and posture among general population having neck pain in Islamabad

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 07-11
Author(s):  
Adeela Asad ◽  
Noureen Farooq ◽  
Sarah Kafeel ◽  
Taimoor Hassan ◽  
Muhammad Zubair
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Neck Pain ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Objective Measure ◽  
Shoulder Girdle ◽  
The Body ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Upper crossed syndrome is a common postural dysfunctional pattern that describes the dysfunctional tone of the musculature of the shoulder girdle/ cervicothoracic region of the body. Objective: To determine association of Upper Crossed Syndrome and Neck pain among general population in Islamabad. Materials & Methods: A cross sectional survey was conducted from December 2017 to February 2018 in Rawal General and Dental Hospital Islamabad, and National Institute of Rehabilitation Sciences Islamabad after approval of synopsis from Advanced Studies and Research Board. Convenience sampling was used to collect data from male and female participants having neck pain after obtaining informed consent. The questionnaires provided for a subjective assessment from the patient and an objective measure for the clinician. REEDCO scale was used to analyze the proper alignment of head, neck and shoulder, while wall push test was used to assess the abnormal protrusion of scapula. Data were analyzed for descriptive and inferential statistics by SPSS 20; continuous variables were expressed as mean ± SD, and categorical variables as frequency and percentage. A p≤0.05 denoted significance. Results: The occurrence of upper crossed syndrome was 24.1%.  Out of 340 respondents, 143 (42.06%) had poor posture whereas 197 respondent (57.94%) had good posture. There was strong association between posture and upper crossed syndrome (p˂0.05). Conclusion: Most patients with neck pain are exposed to the risk of adopting poor posture which can lead to Upper Crossed Syndrome in future; hence the importance of postural awareness among general population of Islamabad.

scholarly journals Alarming Rates of Obesity and Diabetes in Urban Africa: A Case Study in Bamako, Mali

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 215-215
Author(s):  
Yves Kameli ◽  
Joseph Meunier ◽  
Stephane BESANCON ◽  
Mathilde Savy ◽  
Yves Martin-Prevel
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cut Points ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes

Abstract Objectives Sahelian cities are growing very fast with changes in lifestyles and rise in obesity and associated chronic diseases. Reliable data on the nutritional situation in African cities is dreadfully missing. The aim of this study was to estimate overweight and obesity rates and the risk of pre-diabetes and diabetes in Bamako in order to trigger appropriate prevention measures. Methods From November 2019 to January 2020, a cross-sectional survey was conducted among a representative sample of 2040 households in Bamako, Mali. In each household, a random selection of individuals was stratified on age groups: 12–17 y, 18–29 y, 30–49 y, ≥50 y. Anthropometric measurements (weight, height, waist circumference) and plasma fasting glycemia (PFG) using Hemocue® devices were performed according to international procedures. The prevalence of overweight and obesity were defined by Body Mass Index (BMI) values using WHO cut-points for adults (25 kg/m2 ≤ BMI &lt; 30 kg/m2 and BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2, respectively) and International Obesity Task Force cut-points for adolescents (IOTF-25 and IOTF-30, respectively). Abdominal obesity was defined by a waist circumference ≥88 cm for women and ≥102 cm for men. Risks of pre-diabetes and diabetes were defined by a PFG between 100 and 125 mg/dl and ≥126 mg/dl, respectively. Results All ages combined, the prevalence of overweight was 19.5% among men (n = 1933) and 24.4% among women (n = 2724) (P &lt; 0.0001). The prevalence of obesity was 6.2% among men and 21.0% among women (P &lt; 0.0001). We also found that 29.9% of women presented abdominal obesity vs 5.7% in men (P &lt; 0.0001). Women older than 30 y (n = 1395) were the most affected, however women aged 12–17 y (n = 670) and 18–29 y (n = 881) presented alarming figures too (11.5% and 21.2% of them were overweight, respectively). Globally, 13.3% of individuals were at risk of pre-diabetes and 2.5% at risk of diabetes, with no significant gender differences. The risk of pre-diabetes ranged from 10.2% in the 12–17 y age-group to 17.8% in the ≥50 y age-group. Conclusions Our data calls for urgent actions to tackle the burden of overweight and obesity, especially among women, and to minimize the risk of diabetes and other associated non-communicable diseases in Bamako. Funding Sources French Embassy of Mali, French Institute of Research for sustainable Development (IRD).

scholarly journals Overweight and Obesity, Body Fat, Waist Circumference, and Anemia in Peruvian University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Ruth B. Quiliche Castañeda ◽  
Josué Turpo-Chaparro ◽  
Jesús Hanco Torres ◽  
Jacksaint Saintila ◽  
Percy G. Ruiz Mamani
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
University Students ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Very High

The university represents a critical space for students in terms of prevalence of malnutrition. The objective of this study was to determine the body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage (% BF), waist circumference (WC), and anemia in university students. A cross-sectional study was carried out in 2,285 university students from Lima, Peru. The sample was selected by nonprobability convenience sampling. Anthropometric data and hemoglobin levels were measured. The Chi-square test was used. The analysis of the associated factors was done using binary logistic regression. A significance level of 5% was considered. There were no significant differences between men and women in BMI ( p > 0.05 ). The men presented significantly high and very high levels of % BF ( p < 0.001 ). The proportion of women who presented anemia and high and very high WC was significantly higher compared to men ( p < 0.001 ). Being older than 27 years (ORB = 2.07; 95% CI = 1.19–3.6), being male (ORB = 2.68; 95% CI = 2.02–3.55), studying at the engineering faculty (ORB = 1.39; 95% CI = 1.09–1.79), having excess body fat (ORB = 8.17; 95% CI = 6.13–10.87), and having an elevated WC (ORB = 35.51; 95% CI = 25.06–50.33) significantly predicted overweight/obesity. The findings of this study suggest that college students, especially males and those who are not enrolled in health sciences colleges, should be a priority in healthy lifestyle interventions, particularly nutritional education programs, to reduce the prevalence of overweight and obesity.

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