Effects of multiple injections of LH on the secretion of pregnane compounds from polycystic ovaries of androgen-sterilized rats

1986 ◽  
Vol 110 (3) ◽  
pp. 507-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Sawada
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Classical Approach ◽  
Polycystic Ovaries ◽  
Lh Surge ◽  
Multiple Injections ◽  
Progesterone Metabolites ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT Differences in the secretion of pregnane compounds by follicular polycystic ovaries of androgen-sterilized rats and by normal preovulatory ovaries of early prooestrous rats were compared. Some rats were injected i.v. with LH 30 min before bleeding, in order to stimulate the secretion of steroids. This injection of LH greatly increased the secretion of progesterone, 5α-pregnane-3,20-dione and 3α-hydroxy-5α-pregnan-20-one by both types of ovaries. The response of the two progesterone metabolites in the polycystic ovaries was low, suggesting low 5α-reductase activity. Because it is known that the preovulatory LH surge is absent in androgen-sterilized rats, a classical approach was taken to circumvent the probable deficit in cyclic release of LH by giving an i.v. injection of LH (25 μg) every 4 days for 16 days. Ovarian venous blood was collected 4 days after the last injection. The mean secretion of 5α-pregnane-3,20-dione and 3α-hydroxy-5α-pregnan-20-one from the ovaries of such androgen-sterilized rats became much (P <0·01) higher than that of multiple saline-treated controls. These results suggest that low 5α-reductase activity of polycystic ovaries in androgen-sterilized rats may be due to the absence of cyclic release of LH from the pituitary gland. J. Endocr. (1986) 110, 507–510

Effects of multiple injections of luteinizing hormone on secretion of pregnane compounds from polycystic ovaries of rats exposed to constant light

1987 ◽  
Vol 116 (3) ◽  
pp. 390-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsutomu Sawada ◽  
Tadashi Kosaka ◽  
Shigetaka Ichikawa
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Constant Light ◽  
Polycystic Ovaries ◽  
Lh Surge ◽  
Multiple Injections ◽  
Classic Approach

Abstract. Differences in the secretion of pregnane compounds by ovaries with cystic follicles of rats exposed to constant light (light-induced oestrous rats) and by ovaries with normal follicles of early pro-oestrous rats were studied. Some rats were injected iv with 2 μg of LH to stimulate the secretion of steroids 30 min before their blood was sampled. The injection greatly increased the secretion of progesterone by both kinds of ovaries. The secretion of 5α-pregnane-3,20-dione and 3α-hydroxy-5α-pregnan-20-one also increased in normal rats, but not in the polycystic ovaries of light-induced oestrous rats, which suggested that the 5α-reductase activity was low. The pre-ovulatory LH surge is absent in light-induced oestrous rats, so a classic approach was taken to circumvent the probable deficit in the cyclic release of LH; we gave multiple injections of 10 μg of LH. Five such injections were given at intervals of 4 days, and ovarian venous blood was collected 4 days after the last injection. Cystic follicles in the ovaries of rats disappeared when the injections of LH were given every 4 days. The production of 5α-pregnane-3,20-dione and 3α-hydroxy-5α-pregnan-20-one from the ovaries of such rats was significantly higher (P < 0.01) than in controls given multiple injections of saline. These results suggest that the low 5α-reductase activity in polycystic ovaries of light-induced oestrous rats may be due to the absence of an LH surge from the pituitary gland.

THE EXTRACTION OF PROLACTIN FROM HUMAN PITUITARY GLANDS

1965 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Apostolakis
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
List Type ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Hormone Activity ◽  
Isoelectric Precipitation ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
Prolactin Content ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT A method for the extraction of prolactin from human pituitary glands is described. It is based on acetone drying, distilled water extraction, acetone and isoelectric precipitation. Two main products are obtained: Fraction R8 with a mean prolactin activity of 12.2 IU/mg and fraction U8 with a mean prolactin activity of 8.6 IU/mg. The former fraction does not contain any significant gonadotrophin activity and the latter contains on an average 50 HMG U/mg. In both cases contamination with ACTH and MSH is minimal. The growth hormone activity of both these fractions is low. It is postulated that in man too, prolactin and growth hormone are two distinct hormones. A total of 1250 human pituitary glands have been processed by this method. The mean prolactin content per pituitary gland has been found to be 73 IU.

Investigation of the Association Between Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness (IMT) and Cardiac Risk Factors in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-133
Author(s):  
Zahra Rezaieyazdi ◽  
Sima Sedighi ◽  
Masoumeh Salari ◽  
Mohammadreza H. Fard ◽  
Mahmoud R. Azarpazhooh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

Background: The relationship between SLE and traditional risk factors for cardiovascular events was evaluated. Methods: The data regarding sixty patients with SLE and 30 healthy controls (age and sex matched) were gathered using SLEDAI forms. Venous blood (10mL) from all the participants was examined for hs-CRP, homocysteine, VCAM1, CBC, anti-DNA antibody, C3, C4, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), cholesterol, FBS and triglyceride. : The IMT of carotid arteries was determined bilaterally by ultrasound. Other measurements included insulin levels via Elisa (Linco/Millipore Corp) and the HOMA-IR index for insulin resistance. Results: The mean age (in years) in the test and control groups was 28.8±10.3 (18-52) and 33.8±9.13 (18-48), respectively. Results: The mean age (in years) in the test and control groups was 28.8±10.3 (18-52) and 33.8±9.13 (18-48), respectively. : The average IMT in the test group was directly related to serum levels of VCAM1 (p<0.001), homocysteine (p<0.001), cholesterol (p<0.009), LDL (p<0.001), TG (p<0.001), and FPG (p=0.004). The association between other risk factors, insulin resistance, carotid IMT and SLEDAI, was nonexistent. Mean insulin and insulin resistance levels in all the participants were 0.43±2.06 µU/mL and 0.09±0.44, respectively. There was no significant difference between the test and control groups regarding serum insulin and insulin resistance levels (p=0.42 and p=0.9, respectively). None of the risk factors, such as hsCRP, VCAM1, or homocysteine, were shown to be related to insulin resistance (p=0.6, p=0.6, p=0.09, respectively). Conclusion:: Our findings did not show an increase in the prevalence of atherosclerosis in patients with SLE. There was no association between IMT and insulin resistance. However, the former was associated with FPG, total cholesterol, LDL, TG, homocystein and VCAM1.

scholarly journals Relationship between 24-h venous blood glucose variation and mortality among patients with acute respiratory failure

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoling Zhang ◽  
Jingjing Zhang ◽  
Jiamei Li ◽  
Ya Gao ◽  
Ruohan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Acute Respiratory Failure ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Icu Mortality ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractEvidence indicates that glucose variation (GV) plays an important role in mortality of critically ill patients. We aimed to investigate the relationship between the coefficient of variation of 24-h venous blood glucose (24-hVBGCV) and mortality among patients with acute respiratory failure. The records of 1625 patients in the Multiparameter Intelligent Monitoring in Intensive Care II (MIMIC II) database were extracted. The 24-hVBGCV was calculated as the ratio of the standard deviation (SD) to the mean venous blood glucose level, expressed as a percentage. The outcomes included ICU mortality and in-hospital mortality. Participants were divided into three subgroups based on tertiles of 24-hVBGCV. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to evaluate the relationship between 24-hVBGCV and mortality. Sensitivity analyses were also performed in groups of patients with and without diabetes mellitus. Taking the lowest tertile as a reference, after adjustment for all the covariates, the highest tertile was significantly associated with ICU mortality [odds ratio (OR), 1.353; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.018–1.797] and in-hospital mortality (OR, 1.319; 95% CI, 1.003–1.735), especially in the population without diabetes. The 24-hVBGCV may be associated with ICU and in-hospital mortality in patients with acute respiratory failure in the ICU, especially in those without diabetes.

Point-of-Care Testing Using Invasive and Non-Invasive Hemoglobinometers: Reliable and Valid Method for Estimation of Hemoglobin among Children 6–59 Months

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gomathi Ramaswamy ◽  
Kashish Vohra ◽  
Kapil Yadav ◽  
Ravneet Kaur ◽  
Tripti Rai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Care ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Outpatient Department ◽  
Point Of Care Testing ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Hematology Analyzer ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Introduction Globally around 47.4% of children and in India, 58% of children aged 6–59 months are anemic. Diagnosis of anemia in children using accurate technologies and providing adequate treatment is essential to reduce the burden of anemia. Point-of-care testing (POCT) devices is a potential option for estimation of hemoglobin in peripheral and field settings were the hematology analyzer and laboratory services are not available. Objectives To access the validity of the POCTs (invasive and non-invasive devices) for estimation of hemoglobin among children aged 6–59 months compared with hematology analyzer. Methods The study participants were enrolled from the pediatric outpatient department in Haryana, India, from November 2019 to January 2020. Hemoglobin levels of the study participants were estimated in Sahli’s hemoglobinometer and invasive digital hemoglobinometers (DHs) using capillary blood samples. Hemoglobin levels in non-invasive DH were assessed from the finger/toe of the children. Hemoglobin levels measured in POCTs were compared against the venous blood hemoglobin estimated in the hematology analyzer. Results A total of 120 children were enrolled. The mean (SD) of hemoglobin (g/dl) estimated in auto-analyzer was 9.4 (1.8), Sahli’s hemoglobinometer was 9.2 (1.9), invasive DH was 9.7 (1.9), and non-invasive DH was 11.9 (1.5). Sahli’s hemoglobinometer (95.5%) and invasive DH (92.2%) had high sensitivity for the diagnosis of anemia compared with non-invasive DH (24.4%). In contrast, non-invasive DH had higher specificity (96.7%) compared with invasive DH (83.3%) and Sahli’s hemoglobinometer (70%). Invasive DH took the least time (2–3 min) for estimation of hemoglobin per participant, followed by Sahli’s (4–5 min) and non-invasive DH (5–7 min). Conclusion All three POCT devices used in this study are reasonable and feasible for estimating hemoglobin in under-5 children. Invasive DHs are potential POCT devices for diagnosis of anemia among under-5 children, while Sahli’s can be considered as a possible option, where trained and skilled technicians are available. Further research and development are required in non-invasive DH to improve accuracy. Lay summary In India, anemia is a serious public health problem, where 58% of the children aged 6–59 months are anemic. Point-of-care testing (POCT) using digital hemoglobinometers (DHs) has been recommended as one of the key interventions by the Anemia Mukt Bharat program since 2018 in India. These POCT devices are easy to use, less invasive, can be carried to field, require minimal training and results are available immediately. Therefore this study assessed the validity of POCT devices—invasive DH, non-invasive DH and Sahli’s hemoglobinometer among 6–59 months children in facility setting compared with the gold standard hematology analyzer. A total of 120 children under 6–59 months of age were enrolled from the pediatric outpatient department in Haryana, India, from November 2019 to January 2020. The (mean hemoglobin in g/dl) invasive (9.7) and non-invasive DH (11.9) overestimated hemoglobin value, while Sahli’s (9.2) underestimated hemoglobin compared with hematology analyzer (9.4). Invasive DH (92.2%) and Sahli’s hemoglobinometer (95.5%) reported high ability to correctly identify those with anemia compared with non-invasive DH (24.4%). In contrast, non-invasive DH (96.73%) had higher ability to correctly identify those without the anemia compared with invasive DH (83.3%) and Sahli’s (70%).

Pituitary dimensions and volume measurements in pregnancy and post partum

1998 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Dinç ◽  
F. Esen ◽  
A. Demirci ◽  
A. Sari ◽  
H. Resit Gümele
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Maximum Height ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Normal Pituitary Gland ◽  
Volume Measurements ◽  
Length Width ◽  
The Mean

Purpose: Our purpose was to clarify and further characterize the changes in height, length, width, volume, and shape in the normal pituitary gland and in width in the infundibulum during pregnancy and the first 6 months post partum. Material and Methods: Cranial MR imaging was performed in 78 women who were pregnant in the second or third trimester or who were post partum, and in 18 age-matched control subjects who were not pregnant. Volume measurements were performed in 2 ways; volume 1=1/2xheightxlengthxwidth; and volume 2=area (measured by trackball)xslice thickness Results: Gland volume, height, width, length, and convexity, and infundibular width increased during pregnancy. the highest values were seen during the 3 days immediately post partum. When compared with volunteers, volumes 1 and 2 showed the largest increase (120%) among the parameters. Gland height showed the best correlation (r=0.94, p>0.00001) with gestational age. the mean height of the gland was 8.76 mm in the third trimester. None of the pregnant women had a gland height of above 10 mm during pregnancy. Only 2 subjects had gland heights of 10.04 and 10.2 mm during the 0–3 days post partum. After this first post-partum period of 3 days, the gland size, shape, and volume and the infundibular width returned to normal within 6 months Conclusion: the pituitary gland enlarges in three dimensions throughout pregnancy. During pregnancy, the volume of the gland shows the highest percentage of increase compared to its length, height, and width. the maximum height of the gland does not exceed 10 mm during pregnancy but it may exceed 10 mm during the 3 days immediately post partum.

PLASMA CONCENTRATION OF TESTOSTERONE, DIHYDROTESTOSTERONE, TESTOSTERONE-OESTRADIOL BINDING GLOBULIN, AND PITUITARY GONADOTROPHINS IN THE SYNDROME OF MALE PSEUDO-HERMAPHRODITISM WITH TESTICULAR FEMINIZATION

1972 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland R. Tremblay ◽  
Thomas P. Foley ◽  
Pierre Corvol ◽  
In-Joo Park ◽  
Avinoam Kowarski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Normal Male ◽  
Testicular Feminization ◽  
Peripheral Plasma ◽  
Serum Lh ◽  
High Concentrations

ABSTRACT Twenty patients with the syndrome of testicular feminization have been studied along with a group of normal subjects of both sexes and of comparable ages. Peripheral and gonadal venous blood were analysed for their content in testosterone (T), androstenedione (Δ), dihydrotestosterone (DHT), testosterone-oestradiol binding globulin (TeBG), luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). Normal or even higher than normal male concentrations of T, Δ, and DHT were observed. An actual secretion of the three androgens by the testis was demonstrated. Elevated levels of serum LH were found despite normal male or higher levels of T, Δ, and DHT. High concentrations of TeBG presumably could alter the dynamics of plasma androgens. The gonadal production of DHT and the normal levels of DHT in peripheral plasma shows that 5α-reductase activity is definitely present in the patients.

Complications of the Mustard Operation

1986 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 106-126
Keyword(s):  
Heart Block ◽  
Normal Sinus Rhythm ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Normal Sinus ◽  
Mustard Operation ◽  
Mitral Orifice ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Degree Heart Block

Eight pediatric cardiac centers pooled clinical and ECG data from 372 patients who survived the Mustard operation (intraatrial baffle directing pulmonary venous blood to the tricuspid orifice and systemic venous blood to the mitral orifice) for at least 3 months. The follow-up period ranged from 0.4 to 15.9 years, and the mean age at operation was 2 years. The mean resting heart rate for patients who had the Mustard operation was consistently lower than age-matched controls. During the year of operation, 76% of patients had normal sinus rhythm; this percentage declined yearly to 57% by the end of the eighth postoperative year. Active arrhythmias increased after the tenth year. Second or third-degree heart block occurred in 33% of patients during the year of operation and changed very little thereafter. Of the total 372 patients, 39 received pacemakers, 52% during the year of surgery and 48% evenly distributed throughout the follow-up period.

scholarly journals Interpretation of Modified Glucose Tolerance Test among Pregnant Malaysian Women

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (08) ◽  
pp. 309-313
Author(s):  
Muna Kh. Al-kubaisi ◽  
Saad M. Al-Shibli ◽  
Nilar Win
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Blood Sample ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Local Protocol

Aim: Is to find the mean and two standard deviation of the serum blood sugar among pregnant women while running the modified oral glucose tolerance test (MOGTT) as screening for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) & to compare the readings with other protocols adopted in diagnosing GDM. Method: A cross sectional study among pregnant women running routine MOGTT at 24-28 weeks’ gestation. A total of 149 women participated in 4 months period. The test included 5 ml of venous blood sample taken after fasting for 8 hours and a second blood sample 2 hours after having 200 ml of 75 g glucose solution within 10 minutes. Results: The mean for the fasting blood sugar is 4.32 mmol/L±0.52 making value of 2SD of 5.36 mmol/l. The mean of the 2 hours glucose level was 6.11mmol/l±1.38 making the 2SD value of 8.87 mmol/l. Conclusion: Our results for the 1st reading in MOGTT is near to the value of the local protocol in diagnosing GDM. The 2 hours postprandial reading in the local protocol is fairly low when compared with our findings & with guidelines of nearby communities.

scholarly journals Impact of systemic cryotherapy on the rheological properties of the blood in women with rheumatoid arthritis

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 4-9
Author(s):  
Bartłomiej Ptaszek ◽  
Aneta Teległów ◽  
Jakub Marchewka
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Rheological Parameters ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Chamber Temperature ◽  
The Mean

Study aim: The aim of this study was to assess the effects of systemic cryotherapy on the rheological properties of the blood in women with rheumatoid arthritis. Study group: The study group consisted of 10 women with rheumatoid arthritis, aged 57.2 ± 9.4, who underwent systemic cryotherapy treatments (3 min treatment time, -120 °C chamber temperature, 10 treatment sessions - 5 times a week). Their average body height was 165.5 ± 4.6 cm, weight 68.5 ± 4.9 kg and BMI 24.8 ± 2.2 kg/m2. In order to analyze morphological and rheological parameters of the blood, venous blood samples were drawn from the participants of the study twice. The first study was held on the day of beginning treatments and the second test was conducted after a series of 10 treatments. Methodology: The morphological blood test - measurements were taken using the ABX MICROS 60 (USA) hematology analyser. Erythrocyte deformability and aggregation were tested using the LORCA analyser (Laser-assisted Optical Rotational Cell Analyser RR Mechatronics, The Netherlands). The results were obtained as the index of elongation and aggregation according to the Hardeman method (2001). Results: Analysing the average values of morphological and rheological parameters of the blood in women with rheumatoid arthritis in the study group, the mean values of RBC, Hct and AI following the series of 10 treatments were significantly higher after cryotherapy in comparison to the measurements taken before treatments. Analysing the mean concentrations of T½, there was statistically significant reduction after the series of 10 treatments. Conclusions: Regular usage of cryotherapy treatments may affect the levels of morphological and rheological parameters of the blood in women with rheumatoid arthritis - RBC, Hct and AI (increase) and T½ (reduction) in the blood. null

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