scholarly journals The effect of various physical exercise modes on perceived psychological stress

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 104 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Magalhaes
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Combination Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Somatic Awareness ◽  
Physical Response ◽  
Training Programmes

Background. Stress is an integral part of daily living, but chronic activation of the stress response without the ability to express the physical response results in overloading of the physiological and psychological systems. Objective. To decrease perceived stress by means of one known and/or one relatively unknown physical activity, namely aerobic exercise and somatic awareness exercise. Methods. This investigation made use of a quantitative, comparative, experimental research design over an 8-week period using pre- and post-tests. Participants were measured for psychological stress using a perceived stress scale. The participants were divided into those who were physically untrained and those who participated in exercise training programmes. Results. There were five groups in total. The physically untrained individuals were divided into four groups: a somatic awareness exercise group (n=9); an aerobic exercise group (n=15); a combination group taking part in both somatic awareness and aerobic exercise (n=8); and a control group (n=15). The 5th group contained individuals who participated in physical exercise prior to entering the programme; they were given somatic awareness exercise (n=9) in addition to their existing physical exercises. An independent samples t-test revealed significant changes for perceived stress in the aerobic, somatic, combination and exercise groups, with a 95% confidence level in comparison with the control group. Conclusion. Various physical modes such as aerobic exercise, somatic awareness training and a combination of the two may be used to decrease one’s perceived stress in moderately to highly stressed individuals who are sedentary or who are physically active

scholarly journals β-endorphin response to aerobic and anaerobic exercises in Wistar male rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-9
Author(s):  
Rostika Flora ◽  
Mohammad Zulkarnain ◽  
Sukirno
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Anaerobic Exercise ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic

BACKGROUND Physical exercise is strongly associated with the release of β-endorphin. It is assumed that the type and intensity of physical exercise contributes to the release of β-endorphin. This study aimed to compare levels of β-endorphin in brain tissue in response to aerobic and anaerobic physical exercise. METHODS This study was an experimental laboratory study using 35 male Wistar rats divided into one control group and two physical exercise treatment groups: aerobic and anaerobic. Physical exercise was conducted on an animal treadmill running at aspeed of 20 m/min for 30 min of aerobic exercise and 35 m/min with 1-min intervals every 5 min for 20 min for anaerobic exercises. Each aerobic and anaerobic exercise group was furtherly classified into three subgroups (1×/week, 3×/week, and 7×/week). β-endorphin levels were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The data were analyzed using independent t-test and one-way analysis of variance. RESULTS The highest mean of β-endorphin level was found in the weekly exercise (54.45 [1.41] pg/ml) of aerobic exercise group and daily exercise (70.50 [11.67] pg/ml) of anaerobic exercise group. Mean of β-endorphin level in control group was 33.34 (3.54) pg/ml. A significant increased of β-endorphin mean level (p<0.001) was found in all aerobic and anaerobic exercise groups except the aerobic exercise 7×/week group(37.37 [6.30] pg/ml) compared to control. CONCLUSIONS Both aerobic and anaerobic physical exercise conducted for 6 weeks could increase the level of β-endorphin in brain tissue.

Grape juice and aerobic exercise on blood pressure

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 987-998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliane Barroso Leal ◽  
Juçara Barroso Leal ◽  
Joaline Barroso Portela Leal ◽  
Yan de Lima Borges ◽  
Maria Ivone Leal de Moura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Grape Juice ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Before And After

Purpose This paper aims to verify the effect of 12 weeks of grape juice (GJ) consumption associated with aerobic exercise on the variation of the hypertensive elderly pressure. Design/methodology/approach A total of 45 hypertensive elderly of both sexes were distributed into: control group (CG, n = 10), exercise group (EG, n = 10), juice group (JG, n = 12) and juice and exercise group (JEG, n = 13). Blood pressure and heart rate were checked weekly before exercise in JG and JEG, and before and after intervention in all groups, with JG and JEG supplemented with 200 mL of GJ. Three weekly sessions of moderate walking were applied. Findings There was a reduction in EG, JG and JEG for systolic pressure and diastolic only for JG and JEG. The GJ consumption to the practice of aerobic exercise provided reductions in the arterial pressure of hypertensive, in addition to stabilization of the diastolic pressure. Research limitations/implications Although the objective of the study was to compare the effect and value of intervention with controls, the study had no intervention in food consumption, which could have led to more significant results. There was a limitation in the control drink, leading the study not to be blind, which may have impaired the results. However, it is probably not a bias, as the groups were divided by residence area, and therefore, had no direct contact with the other groups. Another limitation was that the sample size was still small, which would lead to more reliable results. Finally, although the existing limitations cannot be disregarded, the results of this research are very promising, especially when the objective is the effect of GJ and aerobic exercise on blood pressure, with the possibility of implementing supplemental GJ and the inclusion or not of exercise to the hypertensive elderly. Originality/value The paper deals with the benefits of GJ consumption associated with aerobic physical exercise on the blood pressure of elderly hypertensive patients. Considering that GJ along with physical exercise was enough to reduce the blood pressure of hypertensive elderly, this may be a new model to be used to reduce and/or control blood pressure, and GJ and the exercise to be part of the daily life of the population.

scholarly journals PO-285 A review of effects of exercise on the quality of life in breast cancer survivors

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Hong
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Breast Cancer Survivors ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Supervised Exercise

Objective Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in women.The number of women diagnosed with breast cancer each year is also increasing.It is also the leading cause of cancer deaths in women, accounting for 14-23% of cancer deaths.However, with the development of medical technology, the survival rate of breast cancer patients is improving.In general, the treatment of breast cancer mainly includes surgical treatment, adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy，But these treatments can do a lot of damage to breast cancer patients.These injuries can limit some of the physical activity of breast cancer patients, and can be accompanied by significant psychological damage，Therefore, the quality of life of breast survivors is largely destroyed.Physical exercise is one of the important ways to improve the overall health of the human body.It also plays an important role in increasing people's mood and quality of life.So whether physical exercise has a positive impact on improving the quality of life of breast cancer survivors or there is some doubt.Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to explore the impact of physical exercise on the quality of life of breast cancer survivors, and then to prove the impact of supervised exercise and individual exercise on the quality of life of breast cancer survivors. Methods Data bases searched were MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PubMed.Keywords were“breast cancer and quality of life” in combination with “exercise”or “physical activity”.At the same time, the references of the included articles were reviewed to obtain more relevant studies.In terms of the criteria for inclusion and exclusion of literature, the paper was initially screened to determine whether the title and abstract of the paper were consistent with the research topic.The criteria for inclusion are ①the subjects were breast cancer survivors,②the type of intervention was physical exercise,③the measured result is quality of life,④the type of experiment is randomized controlled trial.The exclusion criteria of the article are ①the subject's occupation was athlete，②quality of life is not measured on a formal scale，③article type is review or abstract. Results A total of 14 articles are included in our review.Quality of life was measured using scale tools in all included studies, of which two scales were used in all included articles.The two scales used can reflect the real life quality of the subjects, of which FACT-G is a mass life quality scale and FACT-B is a life quality scale designed specifically for breast cancer patients. Both scales are globally recognized by the public.In our review, we found that exercise significantly improved the quality of life of breast cancer survivors, particularly aerobic exercise.In the studies included in our study, except Nanette et al. used aerobic exercise combined with resistance strength training as the intervention method in their study, all the other studies used aerobic exercise as the intervention method for the subjects.Among the 14 included studies, 10 indicated that physical exercise significantly increased the quality of life of breast cancer survivors, and 4 found that compared with the control group, the quality of life of breast cancer survivors did not have significant changes, but there was a trend of improving the quality of life.At the same time, our review found that monitoring breast cancer survivors improved quality of life.In two of the studies we included, subjects were divided into individual exercise groups and supervised exercise groups.In their study, Anne et al. divided the recruited research samples into the supervision intervention group and the routine control group. Among them, the supervision intervention group received physical exercise 5 times a week for 12 weeks, and the quality of life of breast cancer survivors was significantly improved.In the study of Cadmus et al., the subjects recruited were divided into individual exercise group, supervised exercise group and routine control group, and the exercise group performed physical exercise with the same load and frequency. The result was that there was no physical activity in the home individual exercise group or the routine control group that improved the quality of life for breast cancer survivors.However, in the supervised exercise group, breast cancer survivors' scores for FACT-B and SF-36 (a measure reflecting quality of life) were significantly improved. Conclusions Exercise can improve the quality of life for breast cancer survivors, especially aerobic exercise. Supervised exercise intervention for breast cancer survivors can better improve their quality of life and alleviate social and psychological problems than individual exercise.The supervised aerobic exercise can be integrated into the life of breast cancer survivors so as to better promote the recovery of breast cancer survivors.

scholarly journals The Effect of Aerobic and Anaerobic Interval Exercise on the Proliferation Phase of Wound Healing in Tooth Extraction of Rattus novergicus

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aqsa Sjuhada Oki ◽  
Nurul Farhana ◽  
Yuliati
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Tooth Extraction ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Anaerobic Exercise ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Wound Healing Process

Introduction. The healing process of tooth extraction is desired to take place faster to restore the normal tissue. Physical exercise is proven to accelerate wound healing through various physiological mechanisms. Aerobic exercise increases oxygen perfusion which leads to wound healing process. On the other hand, anaerobic exercise stimulates reactive oxygen species and may interfere with the wound healing process. Objective. To observe if there are differences in the effectiveness of wound healing after tooth extraction based on the number of fibroblast and neovascularization in Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) that performed interval aerobic or anaerobic exercise. Methods. Rats were divided into 3 groups, a control group and two treatment groups which performed the aerobic physical exercise or the anaerobic physical exercise. Fibroblast and neovascularization were calculated 7 days after the tooth extraction. Data were analyzed using Krusskal-Wallis statistical tests. Results. The aerobic exercise group showed the higher number of fibroblasts and neovascularization compared to anaerobic exercise group, while the control group showed the lowest number of fibroblast and neovascularization. Conclusion. This study demonstrated that aerobic physical exercise accelerates wound healing in the proliferation phase better than anaerobic exercise and no exercise.

scholarly journals Brain Structure, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, and Executive Control Changes after a 9-Week Exercise Intervention in Young Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 292
Author(s):  
Lina Zhu ◽  
Qian Yu ◽  
Fabian Herold ◽  
Boris Cheval ◽  
Xiaoxiao Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Brain Structure ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Younger Adults

Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is assumed to exert beneficial effects on brain structure and executive control (EC) performance. However, empirical evidence of exercise-induced cognitive enhancement is not conclusive, and the role of CRF in younger adults is not fully understood. Here, we conducted a study in which healthy young adults took part in a moderate aerobic exercise intervention program for 9 weeks (exercise group; n = 48), or control condition of non-aerobic exercise intervention (waitlist control group; n = 72). Before and after the intervention period maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) as an indicator of CRF, the Flanker task as a measure of EC performance and grey matter volume (GMV), as well as cortical thickness via structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), were assessed. Compared to the control group, the CRF (heart rate, p < 0.001; VO2max, p < 0.001) and EC performance (congruent and incongruent reaction time, p = 0.011, p < 0.001) of the exercise group were significantly improved after the 9-week aerobic exercise intervention. Furthermore, GMV changes in the left medial frontal gyrus increased in the exercise group, whereas they were significantly reduced in the control group. Likewise, analysis of cortical morphology revealed that the left lateral occipital cortex (LOC.L) and the left precuneus (PCUN.L) thickness were considerably increased in the exercise group, which was not observed in the control group. The exploration analysis confirmed that CRF improvements are linked to EC improvement and frontal grey matter changes. In summary, our results support the idea that regular endurance exercises are an important determinant for brain health and cognitive performance even in a cohort of younger adults.

Physical exercise accelerates reentrainment of human sleep-wake cycle but not of plasma melatonin rhythm to 8-h phase-advanced sleep schedule

2010 ◽  
Vol 298 (3) ◽  
pp. R681-R691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yujiro Yamanaka ◽  
Satoko Hashimoto ◽  
Yusuke Tanahashi ◽  
Shin-ya Nishide ◽  
Sato Honma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Temporal Isolation ◽  
Melatonin Rhythm ◽  
Plasma Melatonin ◽  
Shift Schedule ◽  
Sleep Schedule

Effects of timed physical exercise were examined on the reentrainment of sleep-wake cycle and circadian rhythms to an 8-h phase-advanced sleep schedule. Seventeen male adults spent 12 days in a temporal isolation facility with dim light conditions (<10 lux). The sleep schedule was phase-advanced by 8 h from their habitual sleep times for 4 days, which was followed by a free-run session for 6 days, during which the subjects were deprived of time cues. During the shift schedule, the exercise group ( n = 9) performed physical exercise with a bicycle ergometer in the early and middle waking period for 2 h each. The control group ( n = 8) sat on a chair at those times. Their sleep-wake cycles were monitored every day by polysomnography and/or weight sensor equipped with a bed. The circadian rhythm in plasma melatonin was measured on the baseline day before phase shift: on the 4th day of shift schedule and the 5th day of free-run. As a result, the sleep-onset on the first day of free-run in the exercise group was significantly phase-advanced from that in the control and from the baseline. On the other hand, the circadian melatonin rhythm was significantly phase-delayed in the both groups, showing internal desynchronization of the circadian rhythms. The sleep-wake cycle resynchronized to the melatonin rhythm by either phase-advance or phase-delay shifts in the free-run session. These findings indicate that the reentrainment of the sleep-wake cycle to a phase-advanced schedule occurs independent of the circadian pacemaker and is accelerated by timed physical exercise.

Biochemical Markers of Ovarian Reserve in Females, Effect of Exercise on Such Reserves

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 2260-2262
Author(s):  
Ayesha Zubair ◽  
Anas Khalil ◽  
Hassan Jamil ◽  
Anam Rehman ◽  
Bashir Ahmed Shaheen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Ovarian Reserve ◽  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Slight Reduction ◽  
Heavy Exercise ◽  
Exercise Tests ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sedentary Life

Background: Female who are in fertile period of their life and prefer a sedentary life style rather than performing regular physical exercise, whether light or heavy exercise show different hormonal pattern which effect their physical health. Such hormonal changes are directly related to the level of ovarian reserve of hormones which are negatively affected by lack of exercise. The ovarian pool of hormones decline with age and also lack of physical exercise. Among the large pool of biochemical markers AMH (anti-mullerian hormone) appears to be the most important and helpful indicator of ovarian reserve. Inclusion criteria: Healthy females between 25 to 35 years of age were included in the study. Exclusion criteria: Females below 25 years and above 35 years of age were excluded from the study, in addition those females having some medical problem or using some medication were also excluded from the study. Material and Methods: 20 females consented to participate in the study who were divided in two groups. These females were living a sedentary life before they joined the gymnasium. One group was subjected to light aerobic exercise and other group to heavy physical exercise. Tests before the start of study were conducted and were repeated after 08 weeks of study to observe the effect of both exercises on the ovarian reserves of different hormones. Results: The comparison between both groups were observed, the values before and after exercise has a remarkable difference, a decrease in values were observed in body weight, BMI, waist and hip ratio after exercise. Slight reduction in E2 and FSH level after aerobic exercises was observed. Whereas in heavy exercise group significant difference i.e. increase in level of FSH was observed at the same time, significant decrease in AMH level was also observed. The difference between E2 and LH had no significance in heavy exercise group. Conclusion: Those females who were living sedentary life and performed light aerobic exercise, even for a longer time period did not showed significant change in the E2, LH, FSH and AMH level of hormones. However, heavy exercise reduces the level of AMH and increases the level of FSH. These finding suggest heavy exercise may affect fertility in a negative way especially in females with low ovarian reserves. Keywords: Exercise, spinning, ovarian reserve, AMHh anti-mullerian hormone

scholarly journals Aerobic Exercise Inhibits CUMS-Depressed Mice Hippocampal Inflammatory Response via Activating Hippocampal miR-223/TLR4/MyD88-NF-κB Pathway

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 2676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Honglin Qu ◽  
Ruilian Liu ◽  
Jiaqin Chen ◽  
Lan Zheng ◽  
Rui Chen
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Hippocampal Function ◽  
Model Group ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Protein Levels

Objective: To investigate the role of aerobic exercise in inhibiting chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) depressed mice hippocampal inflammatory response and its potential mechanisms. Methods: Fifty-four male eight-week-old C57BL/6 mice were divided as control group (CG) (18 mice) and model group (36 mice). Model group mice were treated with 13 chronic stimulating factors for 28 days to set up the CUMS depression model. Neurobehavioral assessment was performed after modeling. The mice in the model group were randomly divided into the control model group (MG) and the aerobic exercise group (EG), with 18mice in each group. The EG group carried out the adaptive training of the running platform: 10 m/min, 0° slope, and increased by 10 minutes per day for 6 days. The formal training was carried for 8 weeks with 10 m/min speed, 0° slope, 60 min/d, 6 d/Week. After the training, a neurobehavioral assessment was performed, and hippocampus IL-1β and IL-10 protein levels were detected by ELISA. RT–PCR was used to detect the expression of miR-223 and TLR4, MyD88, and NF-κB in the hippocampus. Western blot was used to detect the expression of TLR4 and phosphorylated NF-κBp65 protein in the hippocampus. Results: The hippocampus function of CUMS depression model mice was impaired. The forced swimming and forced tail suspension time were significantly prolonged, and inflammatory factors IL-1β were significantly increased in the hippocampus. Aerobic exercise significantly improves CUMS-depressed mice hippocampal function, effectively reducing depressive behavior and IL-1β levels, and increasing IL-10 levels. Besides, aerobic exercise significantly upregulates the expression level of miR-223 and inhibits the high expression of TLR4, MyD88, and NF-κB. Conclusion: Aerobic exercise significantly increases the CUMS-depressed mice hippocampus expression of miR-223, and inhibits the downstream TLR4/MyD88-NF-κB signaling pathway and the hippocampal inflammatory response, which contributes to the improvement of the hippocampal function.

scholarly journals PHYSICAL EXERCISE ON THE RECOVERY OF OBESITY MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 783-785
Author(s):  
Mian Wang ◽  
Fan Wu
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Nursing Intervention ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Early Exercise ◽  
Physical Functions

ABSTRACT Introduction: Myocardial infarction caused by human obesity can cause a decline in mobility and a decline in the quality of a healthy life. Sports training is beneficial to maintain early physical functions after myocardial infarction. Objective: This article deals with the effect of applying walking aerobic exercise in the rehabilitation treatment of patients with myocardial infarction. Methods: We enrolled 91 patients with myocardial infarction in the early exercise group and 90 patients in the control group. The control group received the routine nursing intervention, and the early exercise group received early physical exercise rehabilitation therapy. Results: The actual quality of life of the early exercise group was higher than that of the control group. The incidence of cardiovascular adverse events was lower than that of the control group. Conclusion: Physical exercise therapy used in acute myocardial infarction can reduce adverse cardiovascular events and improve the quality of life of patients. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

PENGARUH LATIHAN FISIK AEROBIK DENGAN INTENSITAS SEDANG TERHADAP KONDISI MAKROSKOPIK DAN GAMBARAN HISTOPATOLOGI MIOKARD MENCIT BALB/C

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Niswan Helja Batubara ◽  
Nova Sylviana ◽  
Hasrayati Agustina ◽  
Hadaral Hudanul Qolbi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Pathological Condition ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intensity Increase ◽  
Pathological Features ◽  
Histopathologic Features

Cardiovascular diseases is one of the non-communicable diseases that has been the leading cause of death compared to other causes. Actually, cardiovascular diseases can be prevented with avoiding the risk factors and lifestyle improvements such as doing physical exercise. Useful physical exercise according to according to The American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) is a moderate intensity aerobic exercise conducted 30 minutes in time for 5 days a week. This research aims to study the effects of moderate intensity aerobic exercise on macroscopic conditions, histopathologic features of the myocardium of mice. This research using 35 male balb/c mice devided to 3 groups (control, physical activity, exercise). Variables in this research included duration of physical activity and exercise, macroscopic conditions, histopathologic features of the myocardium of balb/c mice. After 10 and 28 days of exposure, the heart were harvested. The macroscopic conditions, histopathologic features of the myocardium were examined. The weight of heart in physical activity group was greater than control group (p=0.009). Similarly, the weight of heart exercise group was also greater compared to control group (p=0.013). The histopathologic features in physical activity and physical exercise groups showed pathological features of myocardial infarction (p=0.242). While in the control group did not show pathological features. Aerobic physical activity moderate intensity increase the risk of pathological condition of heart in the form of myocardial infarct through the macroscopic conditions and histological features of myocardium. Meanwhile, exercise with moderate intensity affect the physiological hypertrophy of the myocardium.

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