scholarly journals Effects of zeolite amendment on microbial biomass and respiratory activity in heavy metal contaminated soils

2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 536-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Mühlbachová ◽  
T. Šimon
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Respiratory Activity ◽  
Metabolic Quotient ◽  
Incubation Experiment ◽  
Laboratory Incubation ◽  
Microbial Characteristics

A laboratory incubation experiment with zeolite and glucose was performed to evaluate the effects of zeolite amendment in heavy metal contaminated soils from two smelter areas on some microbial characteristics [Kremikovtzi (K1, K2) in Bulgariaand Příbram (P1, P2) in the CzechRepublic]. The content of microbial biomass showed a tendency to decrease in Kremikovtzi soils whereas in Příbram soils no significant effects were found after zeolite amendment. Respiratory activity and metabolic quotient (qCO2) decreased on the second and third day in Kremikovtzi soils amended with zeolite, no effects were observed in Příbram soils. Heavy metals decreased the content of microbial biomass in Kremikovtzi soils whereas the contaminated soil from Příbram area had the highest microbial biomass compared to non-contaminated soil during incubation, probably due to lower mineralization of carbon. The respiratory activity did not show any significant effects of zeolites on the evolution of CO2 and qCO2 in heavy metal contaminated Příbram soil. The respiratory activity in non-contaminated Příbram soil remained during the experiment lower in comparison to contaminated one, however the addition of zeolite increased qCO2.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Acid Leaching on the Removal of Heavy Metals and Soil Fertility in Contaminated Soil

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen-Yao Chu ◽  
Tzu-Hsing Ko
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Sequential Extraction ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Acid Leaching

Heavy metal-contaminated soils were leached with various acid reagents, and a series of treatments was assessed to understand soil fertility after acid leaching. Aqua regia digestion and a five-step sequential extraction procedure were applied to determine heavy metal distribution. The average total concentrations of Zn, Cd, Cu, and Pb for contaminated soil were 1334, 25, 263, and 525 mg·kg−1 based on the ICP/AES quantitative analysis. Other than Pb extracted by H2SO4, over 50% removal efficiency of other heavy metals was achieved. A five-step sequential extraction revealed that the bound-to-carbonate and bound-to-Fe-Mn oxides were the major forms of the heavy metals in the soil. The addition of organic manure considerably promoted soil fertility and increased soil pH after acid leaching. Seed germination experiments demonstrated that after acid leaching, the soil distinctly inhibited plant growth and the addition of manure enhanced seed germination rate from 35% to 84%. Furthermore, the procedure of soil turnover after acid leaching and manure addition greatly increased seed germination rate by 61% and shortened the initial germination time. Seed germination in untreated soil was superior to that in acid-leached soil, illustrating that the phytotoxic effect of acid leaching is more serious than that of heavy metals.

scholarly journals Identification of Microbial Profiles in Heavy-Metal-Contaminated Soil from Full-Length 16S rRNA Reads Sequenced by a PacBio System

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moonsuk Hur ◽  
Soo-Je Park
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Community Structure ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Full Length ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Microbial Composition

Heavy metal pollution is a serious environmental problem as it adversely affects crop production and human activity. In addition, the microbial community structure and composition are altered in heavy-metal-contaminated soils. In this study, using full-length 16S rRNA gene sequences obtained by a PacBio RS II system, we determined the microbial diversity and community structure in heavy-metal-contaminated soil. Furthermore, we investigated the microbial distribution, inferred their putative functional traits, and analyzed the environmental effects on the microbial compositions. The soil samples selected in this study were heavily and continuously contaminated with various heavy metals due to closed mines. We found that certain microorganisms (e.g., sulfur or iron oxidizers) play an important role in the biogeochemical cycle. Using phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruction of unobserved states (PICRUSt) analysis, we predicted Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) functional categories from abundances of microbial communities and revealed a high proportion belonging to transport, energy metabolism, and xenobiotic degradation in the studied sites. In addition, through full-length analysis, Conexibacter-like sequences, commonly identified by environmental metagenomics among the rare biosphere, were detected. In addition to microbial composition, we confirmed that environmental factors, including heavy metals, affect the microbial communities. Unexpectedly, among these environmental parameters, electrical conductivity (EC) might have more importance than other factors in a community description analysis.

Effects of Phosphate Rock on Absorption and Accumulation of Heavy Metals of Ryegrass in Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil

2014 ◽  
Vol 522-524 ◽  
pp. 752-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Zhe Wang ◽  
Zhong Qiu Zhao ◽  
Guang Yu Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Phosphate Rock ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Cu And Zn ◽  
Soil Weight

The effects of phosphates rock (PR) with different particle sizes {D97<4.26 (the diameters of 97% of the particles are less than 4.26 µm.), <36.83, <71.12 and <101.43 µm} and different concentration (2.5% and 5% content of try soil weight) on immobilizing heavy metal-contaminated soils by a perennial ryegrass greenhouse experiment are conducted. Results indicate that remediation effect of applying 5% content is more significant than 2.5%. Ryegrass biomass in shoots in the former applying content is much larger than the latter and for both roots and shoots, PR reduces the absorption and accumulation of Pb, Cu and Zn, but no significant influence on Cd. While adding the same amount of different sizes of PR doesn’t show significant differences between these treatments. Pb content at 5% level of the finest size of PR is the minimum, decreased by 33% and 56% compared to the control in roots and shoots respectively, which was also suitable for Zn, decreased by 12.65% and 39.61% respectively.

A Primary Study on Assessment of Phytoremediation Potential of Biofuel Crops in Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil

2013 ◽  
Vol 295-298 ◽  
pp. 1135-1138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kokyo Oh ◽  
Tao Li ◽  
Hong Yan Cheng ◽  
Xu Feng Hu ◽  
Qi Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Emerging Technology ◽  
Primary Study ◽  
Tagetes Patula ◽  
Biofuel Crops ◽  
Accumulation Capacity

Phytoremediation is a low cost and eco-friendly emerging technology for treatment of contaminated soils with the use of green plants. In this study, the accumulation potential to heavy metals by two biofuel crops (maize and sunflower) and two metal accumulator plants (Elsholtzia splendens (ES), Tagetes patula L. (TP)) was studied with pot culture filled with a heavy metal contaminated soil, in order to compare their suitability for phytoremediation of contaminated soils. Sunflower showed the highest accumulation level for Cu (150 ug/pot) and Zn (10893 ug/pot) in the shoot part compared to other three plants. Maize showed a similar accumulation level for Cu (104 ug/pot) and Zn (7454 ug/pot) to TP, but a much higher level than ES. TP showed noticeable accumulation levels for Pb (196 ug/pot) and Cd (637 ug/pot). ES generally had the lowest accumulation capacity for Cu (38.5 ug/pot), Zn (2784 ug/pot), Pb (35.4 ug/pot) and Cd (18.2 ug/pot). Therefore, the two biofuel plants had higher or similar phytoremediation potential of heavy metals compared to the two accumulator plants. This study provided useful data for considering biofuel plants as potential economic crops for phytoremediation.

scholarly journals The availability of DTPA extracted heavy metals during laboratory incubation of contaminated soils with glucose amendments

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 536-542
Author(s):  
G. Mühlbachová
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Metal Availability ◽  
Percentage Increase ◽  
Lead Smelter ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Laboratory Incubation ◽  
Microbial Characteristics ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
The Comparative Study

The laboratory incubation with glucose treatment was carried out in order to estimate the possible effects of increased microbial activity on heavy metal availability. The soils from vicinity of a&nbsp;lead smelter operating for more than 200 years were used for the experiment. The DTPA-extractable heavy metal contents increased after glucose addition and mostly reached the highest values the second day of the incubation. The comparative study, where the chloroform fumigation was used prior to the incubation in order to decrease the microbial activities, showed especially from second day of incubation significantly lower DTPA-extractable metal contents compared to non-fumigated treatments. The interactions among the maximum possible availability of DTPA-extractable heavy metal fractions and native soil microbial characteristics were studied in differently contaminated arable and grassland soils. Irrespective of different heavy metal contents in soils, significant correlations were found among the maximum percentage increase of DTPA-extractable Pb and Cd and the ratio Bc/TOC and metabolic quotient (qCO<sub>2</sub>) which may be a&nbsp;result of the important role of organic matter and microbial characteristics in soils on the heavy metal availability.

scholarly journals The role of plant-associated bacteria in the phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soils

2021 ◽  
Vol 261 ◽  
pp. 04006
Author(s):  
Mengxuan Han ◽  
Huan Yang ◽  
Na Ding ◽  
Shaohong You ◽  
Guo Yu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Adsorption Effect ◽  
Associated Bacteria ◽  
Remediation Process

Soil heavy metal pollution is an important environmental problem threatening people’s health and sustainable economic development. Phytoremediation has become an important technology for the treatment of heavy metal contaminated soil with the characteristics of economy and environmental protection. This paper mainly analyzed the role of microbial community in heavy metal contaminated soil remediation process. Bacterias mainly strengthen the remediation effect of plants on heavy metal contaminated soil in two ways: first, bacterias have adsorption effect on heavy metals and reduce the toxicity of heavy metals to plants in soil; Two is to secrete organic acids and nutrients needed for plant growth to promote the absorption of heavy metals by hyperaccumulators.

scholarly journals Chemical Properties of Heavy Metal-Contaminated Soils from a Korean Military Shooting Range: Evaluation of Pb Sources Using Pb Isotope Ratios

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 7099
Author(s):  
Inkyeong Moon ◽  
Honghyun Kim ◽  
Sangjo Jeong ◽  
Hyungjin Choi ◽  
Jungtae Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentration ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Shooting Range ◽  
Geochemical Properties ◽  
Mineral Phases

In this study, the geochemical properties of heavy metal-contaminated soils from a Korean military shooting range were analyzed. The chemical behavior of heavy metals was determined by analyzing the soil pH, heavy metal concentration, mineral composition, and Pb isotopes. In total, 24 soil samples were collected from a Korean military shooting range. The soil samples consist of quartz, albite, microcline, muscovite/illite, kaolinite, chlorite, and calcite. Lead minerals, such as hydrocerussite and anglesite, which are indicative of a transformation into secondary mineral phases, were not observed. All soils were strongly contaminated with Pb with minor concentrations of Cu, Ni, Cd, and Zn. Arsenic was rarely detected. The obtained results are indicated that the soils from the shooting range are contaminated with heavy metals and have evidences of different degree of anthropogenic Pb sources. This study is crucial for the evaluation of heavy metal-contaminated soils in shooting ranges and their environmental effect as well as for the establishment of management strategies for the mitigation of environmental risks.

scholarly journals Fractionation of Heavy Metals in Multi-Contaminated Soil Treated with Biochar Using the Sequential Extraction Procedure

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 448
Author(s):  
Mahrous Awad ◽  
Zhongzhen Liu ◽  
Milan Skalicky ◽  
Eldessoky S. Dessoky ◽  
Marian Brestic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Sequential Fractionation ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Heavy metals (HMs) toxicity represents a global problem depending on the soil environment’s geochemical forms. Biochar addition safely reduces HMs mobile forms, thus, reducing their toxicity to plants. While several studies have shown that biochar could significantly stabilize HMs in contaminated soils, the study of the relationship of soil properties to potential mechanisms still needs further clarification; hence the importance of assessing a naturally contaminated soil amended, in this case with Paulownia biochar (PB) and Bamboo biochar (BB) to fractionate Pb, Cd, Zn, and Cu using short sequential fractionation plans. The relationship of soil pH and organic matter and its effect on the redistribution of these metals were estimated. The results indicated that the acid-soluble metals decreased while the fraction bound to organic matter increased compared to untreated pots. The increase in the organic matter metal-bound was mostly at the expense of the decrease in the acid extractable and Fe/Mn bound ones. The highest application of PB increased the organically bound fraction of Pb, Cd, Zn, and Cu (62, 61, 34, and 61%, respectively), while the BB increased them (61, 49, 42, and 22%, respectively) over the control. Meanwhile, Fe/Mn oxides bound represents the large portion associated with zinc and copper. Concerning soil organic matter (SOM) and soil pH, as potential tools to reduce the risk of the target metals, a significant positive correlation was observed with acid-soluble extractable metal, while a negative correlation was obtained with organic matter-bound metal. The principal component analysis (PCA) shows that the total variance represents 89.7% for the TCPL-extractable and HMs forms and their relation to pH and SOM, which confirms the positive effect of the pH and SOM under PB and BB treatments on reducing the risk of the studied metals. The mobility and bioavailability of these metals and their geochemical forms widely varied according to pH, soil organic matter, biochar types, and application rates. As an environmentally friendly and economical material, biochar emphasizes its importance as a tool that makes the soil more suitable for safe cultivation in the short term and its long-term sustainability. This study proves that it reduces the mobility of HMs, their environmental risks and contributes to food safety. It also confirms that performing more controlled experiments, such as a pot, is a disciplined and effective way to assess the suitability of different types of biochar as soil modifications to restore HMs contaminated soil via controlling the mobilization of these minerals.

scholarly journals Optimization of pH, temperature and carbon source for bioleaching of heavy metals by Aspergillus flavus isolated from contaminated soil

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadia Qayyum ◽  
Ke Meng ◽  
Sidra Pervez ◽  
Faiza Nawaz ◽  
Changsheng Peng
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Molecular Biological Analysis ◽  
One Step ◽  
Industrial Mining

Abstract Soil contamination with heavy metal content is a growing concern throughout the world as a result of industrial, mining, agricultural and domestic activities. Fungi are the most common and efficient group of heavy metal resistant microbe family which have potential for metal bioleaching. The use of filamentous fungi in bioleaching of heavy metals from contaminated soil has been developed recently. The current study intends to isolate a strain with the ability to degrade the pH value of the liquid medium. Identification results based on morphological and molecular biological analysis gave a 98% match to Aspergillus flavus. Batch experiments were conducted to select the optimal conditions for bioleaching process which indicated that 130 mg/ L sucrose, neutral pH and temperature of 30°C were more suitable during 15-day bioleaching experiments using A. flavus. In one-step bioleaching, the bioleaching efficiencies were 18.16% for Pb, 39.77% for Cd and 58.22% for Zn+2, while two-step bioleaching showed efficiencies of 16.91% for Pb, 49.66% for Cd and 65.73% for Zn+2. Overall, this study indicates that bioleaching of heavy metals in contaminated soil using A. flavus has the potential for contaminated soil remediation.

Research Progress in Enhancement Technology of Phytoremediation

2015 ◽  
Vol 768 ◽  
pp. 150-154
Author(s):  
Yi Yun Liu ◽  
Shuang Cui ◽  
Qing Han ◽  
Qian Ru Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Food Chain ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Soil Environment ◽  
Article Analysis

Due to the influence of human, industrial and agricultural activity, a large amount of toxic and harmful heavy metal enter into the soil environment. Heavy metal can easily bio-accumulate through food chain, which cause serious damage to human health. Phytoremediation emerges as a new technology in exploration of effective methods for remediation and rebuild of heavy metal contaminated soils. Although phytoremediation shows great potential in remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil, there still exists many problems in practical application. This article analysis the problems existing in phytoremediation, summarizes the research progress of the technology in application from all the perspective of phytoremediation processes.

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