Crisis of the First Year and Its Manifestations Due to Family Interaction

2021 ◽  
pp. 165-191
Author(s):  
V.E. Vasilenko ◽  
◽  
Y.V. Natalenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Parental Attitudes ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
First Year ◽  
Marriage Satisfaction ◽  
Emotional Acceptance ◽  
Maternal Attitudes ◽  
Emotional Interaction ◽  
Positive Feelings ◽  
High Level

The study involved 117 people from 43 families of Saint-Petersburg. Among them there were 31 triads “mother – father -child” and 12 dyads “mother - child”, i.e. 43 children (20 boys and 23 girls), 43 mothers and 31 fathers. The age of children differed from 10 months to 2 years. The sample was divided into 2 age groups: from 10 months to 1 year 6 months; and from 1 year 7 months to 2 years. The methods we used were the following: “Manifestations of the crisis of the first year” questionnaire by V. Vasilenko, “Child and parent emotional interaction” questionnaire by E. Zakharova, Maternal postnatal attachment scale by J. Condon, Parental Attitude Research Instrument (РARI) by E.S. Schaefer & R.Q. Bell, Test of marriage satisfaction by Y.E. Aleshina, L.Y. Gozman, E.M. Dubovskaya. The study revealed that constructive formations of the crisis prevail over negativistic manifestations; the main formation is autonomous child speech. The postcritical phase has not been identified. The data in general show the well-being in the child and parent emotional interaction, the high maternal attachment to children, and prevalence of attitudes towards optimal emotional contact with the child and the high level of marriage satisfaction. At the same time we revealed reduced indicators of ability to perceive the child's state (29% mothers and 48% fathers), understand what causes the child’s state (26% mothers and 39% fathers), influence to the child's state (29% mothers and 26% fathers). Constructive formations of the crisis are positively correlated with the sensitivity of the mother, the maturity of her behavioral manifestations in interaction and negatively correlated with positive feelings in interaction and emotional acceptance from fathers, as well as with the maternal attitudes to excessive concentration on the child. Negativistic manifestations of the crisis are less pronounced in the case of mother’s ability to influence to the child’s state, to support him, the child’s emotional acceptance and mother’s marriage satisfaction, and more pronounced in the case of maternal attitudes to the excessive emotional distance with the child, severity and, at the same time, to partnership with the child. Thus, the mother’s sensitivity, maturity of her behavioral manifestations in interaction and parental attitudes combined with some "conditional love" from fathers can be regarded as resources for the successful flowing of the crisis of the first year. Parents need to move from strengthening their previous parenting methods to searching for new forms of interaction.

scholarly journals STUDY OF MATERNAL ATTITUDES TO PRIMARY SCHOOL AGE CHILDREN WITH SEVERE SPEECH DISORDERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 108-117
Author(s):  
L.V. ARAMACHEVA ◽  
◽  
E.R. BADRUTDINOVA ◽  
O.V. GRUZDEVA ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Parental Attitudes ◽  
Speech Disorders ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Emotional Acceptance ◽  
Maternal Attitudes ◽  
Emotional Interaction ◽  
Primary School Age

Statement of the problem. The authors study the characteristics of maternal attitudes towards children of primary school age with severe speech disorders. Currently, a large number of studies of the impact of the family on the development of the child are recorded, while there are practically no studies of parental attitudes towards children with developmental disorders, including children with severe speech disorders. The purpose of the article is to describe the specifics of maternal attitudes to children of primary school age with severe speech disorders and to substantiate the directions and content of psychological and pedagogical work with this category of mothers. The research methodology is composed of scientific concepts reflecting the general and specific laws of the mental development of children, presented in the works of L.S. Vygotsky, A.N. Leontiev, V.V. Lebedinsky; studies by V.V. Tkacheva, characterizing the relationship of parents and children in families raising children with developmental disabilities; works by A.Y. Varga, A.S. Spivakovskaya, R.V. Ovcharova, Y.B. Hippenreuter, substantiating the significance of psychological support of the family to ensure the full mental and personal development of the child. The study involved 30 mothers raising primary school age children with severe speech disorders. The psychodiagnostic tool was the methodology for studying parental attitudes, developed by A.Y. Varga and V.V. Stolin, aimed at identifying the predominant type of parental attitudes towards the child; the methodology “Questionnaire of child-parental emotional interaction”, proposed by E.I. Zakharova, which allows assessing the severity of such indicators of parent-child interaction as sensitivity, emotional acceptance, behavioral manifestations. Research results. The peculiarities of maternal attitudes towards children of primary school age with severe speech disorders are described. It was established that mothers are characterized by a destructive attitude towards a child: the predominant types of parental relationship are “Authoritarian Hypersocialization” and “Little Loser”, which indicates the desire of mothers to exercise total control over the behavior of the child, based on the belief that the child is too small, immature, compared to peers, is not adapted to independent life. At the same time, the emotional interaction of mothers with children is characterized by insufficient expression of emotional acceptance, the ability to provide emotional support to the child. Conclusion. Based on the identified features of parental attitude to children with severe speech disorders, the authors proposed and substantiated a system of psychological and pedagogical work with mothers, which involves: informing parents about the features of mental and personal development of a child with severe speech disorder; mastering techniques of effective communication with the child; establishing a friendly parent-child relationship. The main content of this work is psychological education, as well as individual and group counselling of parents.

scholarly journals Study and Life: How first year university students use their time

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Richardson ◽  
Sharron King ◽  
Tim Olds ◽  
Gaynor Parfitt ◽  
Belinda Chiera
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Academic Success ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Well Being ◽  
First Year ◽  
First Year Students ◽  
Physical Activity Guidelines ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
First Year University

Starting university changes the way students must structure their day. This study describes the patterns of time use of 444 Australian first year students and explores differences between gender and age groups. Overall, students were studying on average four hours per day (h/day), sleeping eight h/day and meeting Australian physical activity guidelines. A sizable portion of students’ days were spent engaging in ‘non-modifiable’ activities including self-care, chores and travel. Stereotypical gender and age differences were observed, with males accumulating significantly more screen-time (+68 minutes per day [min/d]) and physical activity (+21 min/d), while females did more chores (+18 min/d) and self-care (+26 min/d). Younger students slept more (+42 min/d), and did fewer chores (-43 min/d). Given there are strong associations between how students use their time and health, well-being and academic success, a better understanding of how students allocate their time on a day-to-day basis will enable more effective support for students in making these changes.

scholarly journals Family Predictors оf Older Preschoolers' Interpersonal Emotional Competence

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 29-48
Author(s):  
V.E. Vasilenko ◽  
N.A. Sergunicheva
Keyword(s):  
Parenting Styles ◽  
Family Cohesion ◽  
Emotional Competence ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Compensatory Mechanisms ◽  
Emotional Interaction ◽  
Low Degree ◽  
Positive Feelings ◽  
Emotional Identification

We studied family factors of older preschoolers’ interpersonal emotional competence, including 3 components: emotional identification, empathy, and expression. Sample: 80 mother-child dyads, 38 boys and 42 girls 5—6-years-old from Saint Petersburg. More mature parenting styles (sufficiency of demands, obligations with a low degree of prohibitions and sanctions, and lack of child infantilization), well-being in the mother-child emotional interaction (positive feelings and emotions in the interaction, and the mother’s ability to influence to the child state), and actual family cohesion have a positive impact on the development of preschoolers’ interpersonal emotional competence. At the same time, compensatory mechanisms in the formation of both the cognitive and affective-behavioral components were found. Thus, the parameters of emotional identification and expression can develop better in the case when the mother gives less feedback to the child (lacks understanding of the causes of the child´s state, doesn’t show her parental feelings so clearly, and is less acceptive of her maternal role).

scholarly journals Social-economic well-being and social tension in the Volga Region

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 494-502
Author(s):  
D. V. Zaitsev ◽  
I. Yu. Surkova ◽  
Yu. V. Selivanova
Keyword(s):  
Social Economic ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
The Social ◽  
High Level ◽  
Economic Well Being

The article presents the results of the regional sociological study of the parameters of the social-economic well-being in the Volga Region. The well-being category consists of social satisfaction, trust, tension and security. Social well-being reflects the efficiency of the social system, its quality, the authorities’ competence in the development of social-economic processes and of a socially sensitive (accessible, comfortable) social environment. The study identified connections between social-economic well-being and employment, financial situation and the dynamics of migration; and empirically proved the low likelihood of ethnic or religious conflicts in the region, the high level of social well-being as mentioned by the younger generations and the average one among other age groups. The level of ethnic and confessional tension is influenced by the age of the respondents: a third of the younger generations and of the working age are more concerned with the criminal situation and with conflicts on national and religious grounds than pensioners. The able-bodied population of the Volga Region is concerned about their professional well-being due to perceiving migrants as competitors: in some cases, an increase in the share of migrants contributes to conflicts in the interethnic interaction. With an increase in the educational level the degree of social trust increases, which is a positive factor for the tolerant attitude towards others. In general, there are no reasons for concerns about ethnic conflicts in the region. The multi-ethnicity of the Russian society explains the relatively high tolerance to migrants despite many risk factors.

scholarly journals AKANKAH MASYARAKAT YANG BAHAGIA MENJAGA LINGKUNGANNYA?

Jurnal Ecopsy ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
FITRI ARLINKASARI ◽  
RISELLIGIA CANINSTI ◽  
PUTRI UFAIRAH RADYANTI
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Behavior ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Positive Feelings ◽  
Middle Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Nature Preservation ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

ABSTRAK Berbagai studi sebelumnya mengungkap bahwa ketika individu dapat menunjukkan perilaku yang berkontribusi terhadap pelestarian alam, dapat dikatakan bahwa individu tersebut memiliki subjective well-being (SWB) yang tinggi karena perilaku ekologi dikategorikan sebagai perilaku positif yang berkontribusi pada munculnya perasaan positif, seperti kebahagiaan dan kepuasan. Individu dengan SWB yang baik juga diketahui akan mampu menunjukkan perilaku pro-lingkungan karena perilaku tersebut bisa meningkatkan kualitas lingkungan hidup mereka yang secara timbal balik meningkatkan kepuasan hidup mereka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara perilaku pro-lingkungan dan SWB pada masyarakat Jakarta, sebagai salah satu kota besar dengan tingkat masalah lingkungan yang tinggi. Penelitian ini diikuti oleh dua ratus sembilan belas responden yang merupakan warga Jakarta yang berusia 20-40 tahun dengan status sosial ekonomi menengah ke a ditunjukkan oleh pendapatan yang lebih besar dari biaya, dan kemampuan menabung. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara perilaku pro-lingkungan dengan SWB (r = 0,075; ρ = 0.268> 0.05). Temuan dari penelitian ini akan berguna untuk penelitian selanjutnya, terutama dalam mengukur faktor lain yang memprediksi perilaku pro-lingkungan pada masyarakat perkotaan, serta merancang intervensi yang tepat untuk memodifikasi perilaku pro-lingkungan mereka. Kata Kunci: Perilaku Pro-lingkungan, Subjective Well-being ABSTRACT Previous studies found that when individuals can demonstrate behaviors that contribute to nature preservation, it can be said that he has a high level of Subjective Well-being (SWB). It is because the ecological behavior is categorized as positive action which contributes to the emergence of the positive feelings, such as happiness and satisfaction. Vice versa, individual with good SWB found would be able to show pro-environmental behavior as it could improve the quality of their environment which reciprocally promotes their general life-satisfaction. However, study related to SWB and pro-environmental behavior in Indonesia has never been conducted before. Therefore this study aims to determine the relationship between pro-environmental behavior and SWB among Jakarta citizen. This study involved two hundred and nineteen Jakarta’s people aged 20-40 years old with middle socioeconomic status indicated by incomes, which is greater than expenses and saving ability. The results reflected that there was no significant relationship between pro-environmental behavior and SWB (r = 0.075, ρ=0268>0.05). This study provides a different insight into how to change urban society’s behavior to be more concerned about their environment. Findings from this study will be useful for subsequent research, particularly in assessing other factors associated with pro-environmental behavior, as well as designing appropriate interventions to modify their environmental behavior. Keywords: Pro-Environmental Behavior, Subjective Well-Being

SOCIALINĖS SVEIKATOS BŪKLĖ IR AMŽIUS

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
Algirdas Juozulynas ◽  
Rasa Savičiūtė ◽  
Antanas Jurgelėnas ◽  
Vaineta Valeikienė ◽  
Rimantas Stukas
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Power ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Weak Condition ◽  
Social Health ◽  
Integral Scale ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Better Than

Social health is well-being of society and individuals, or it can be understood as a social power of nascent relationship between people, which condition determined by the intensity of the relationship. Social health is not an isolated phenomenon. Together with other social and cultural phenomena it creates social capital. The aim of this study in the context of social capital was to explore subjectively assessed status of social health, relation to age and sex. 1223 respondents were surveyed, including 346 men, 877 women, 973 urban and 250 rural residents. The sample was random and probabilistic. The data were obtained using the adapted WHO questionnaire of social health. The results was analysed using the integral scale of 0 – 100 scale. Significance average of 55, 8 points of social health was found. The average and weak condition was dominated in all age groups. Men’s social health was statistically significantly better than women’s. The study showed a fairly high level of alienation. In the age of group from 18 to 29, it reached 52 percent. The changes of social health in different age groups showed that by the age of 30 years there is tendency to improve, and after 60 years – a tendency to deteriorate. Apparently this is related with the transformation of social capital which this age is the most sensitive.

scholarly journals Rational and emotional components of attitude to the disease in patients with type 1 diabetes: relationship with psychological well-being

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 60-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleg Gennad'evich Motovilin ◽  
Yulia Andreevna Shishkova ◽  
Elena Viktorovna Surkova
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Emotional Acceptance ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
High Level ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Aim. To study the relationship between two components of the attitude (rational and emotional) of patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) to the disease among themselves as well as the relationship of each component with psychological well-being of patients. Materials and methods. One hundred twenty-nine T1D patients (43 males, 86 females) were studied. The attitude towards the disease was studied using the Colour Attitude Test (CAT) by A.M. Etkind and the Psychological Diagnosis of the Type of Person?s Attitude to the Disease (TAD) developed at the Bekhterev Psychoneurological Research Institute (St. Petersburg). Psychological well-being was evaluated using the 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), the State?Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) by C.D. Spielberger that was adapted by Y.L. Khanin, the Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), the self-assessment diagnostic technique by Dembo?Rubinstein and the Purpose in Life Test (PILT) by Crumbaugh Maholick that was adapted by D. Leontyev. Results. There were two groups of patients in the results of cluster analysis of TAD: those with rational adaptive and maladaptive attitudes towards the disease. In the group of patients with the rational adaptive attitude towards the disease, scores were higher on most scales of STAI, CES-D, SF-36 and PILT. In the result of cluster analysis of CAT, there were two groups of patients: those with favourable and unfavourable emotional acceptance of the disease. The group of patients with favourable emotional acceptance of the disease also had higher scores on most scales of STAI, CES-D, SF-36, PILT and the Dembo?Rubinstein technique. The comparative analysis of the relationship of rational and emotional components in attitude to the disease showed their incomplete coincidence among themselves. Conclusions. Both the rational and emotional components of the attitude towards the disease are associated with the psychological well-being of patients. Patients with the adaptive rational attitude towards the disease and a high level of emotional acceptance are characterised by a high level of psychological well-being.

scholarly journals Manifestations of the “3 year old child´s crisis” in relation to characteristics of the parent-child interaction

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 68-82
Author(s):  
Y.Y. Ulanova ◽  
V.E. Vasilenko
Keyword(s):  
Parenting Styles ◽  
Family Cohesion ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Leningrad Region ◽  
Emotional Acceptance ◽  
Emotional Interaction ◽  
Child Interaction ◽  
Actual Interaction ◽  
Parent Child Interaction ◽  
Parent Child

This article is devoted to analysis of the predictors of the “3 years old childґs crisis” in the field of parent-child interaction (parenting styles, peculiarities of emotional interaction mothers with children, characteristics of family adaptation and cohe- sion). The study involved 117 children (65 boys and 52 girls) and 117 their mothers from Vsevolozhsk district of the Leningrad region. The age of children — from 2 years 1 month to 3 years 11 month, Mage = 3 years. We used psychodiagnostic methods and the method of observation. The study revealed that the period from 2 years 1 month to 2 years 9 months is characterized by signs of subcritical phase, critical phase was observed after 2 years 10 months. “3 year old childґs crisis” is more pronounced at lower emotional acceptance of the child, maternal educational uncertainty, underdevelop- ment of parental feelings, indulgence overprotection, immaturity of maternal emotion- al behavior in actual interaction of mothers with children. At the same time the crisis manifestations can be expressed in the case of well-being in family functioning and emotional interaction (family cohesion, the sensitivity of the mother to child), which confirms the normativity of the “3 years old childґs crisis”.

scholarly journals USE OF INTERNET RESOURCES BY SCHOOLCHILDREN TO SOLVE EDUCATIONAL AND COGNITIVE TASKS

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (6) ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
Andrei E. Simanovskij ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Development ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Cognitive Tasks ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Internet Resources ◽  
Self Development ◽  
High Level ◽  
Willingness To Use

The article is devoted to the problem of using Internet resources by schoolchildren for solving cognitive tasks and self-development. A review of the literature noted a nonlinear (parabolic) relationship between the time spent on the Internet and the level of psychosocial well-being of a student. The article is aimed at identifying a similar relationship between the time, when a student uses the Internet and the student’s willingness to use the Internet for solving cognitive tasks and cognitive development. The question of the age dynamics of the ability to use Internet resources for solving cognitive tasks was also investigated. To test these ideas, a survey was conducted where schoolchildren from Yaroslavl participated in three age groups: 12-13 years old, 14-15 years old and 15-16 years old. The total sample size was 134 people. It was found out that the time spent on the Internet does not change with age, but the ability to use the Internet for solving cognitive problems and self-development increases with age. It was also found out that an increase in the time spent on the Internet and an increase in dependence on the Internet is negatively associated with the ability to use Internet resources for solving cognitive tasks and cognitive self-development. The study revealed that the turning point when schoolchildren change their attitude to the Internet and it turns from a means of entertainment and communication into a means of cognitive development is 14-15 years. At the same time, even in the senior school age, there remains a small group of boys and girls who do not want to use the Internet as a means of learning and development and treat it exclusively as a means of communication and entertainment. These individuals have a high level of Internet addiction.

scholarly journals Psychological Well-being among Postgraduate Students

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Roslan ◽  
N. Ahmad ◽  
N. Nabilla ◽  
Z. Ghiami
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Education Students ◽  
Field Of Study ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Postgraduate Students ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Master Of Education

Abstract This study attempted to determine the level of psychological well-being among postgraduate students. The study also aimed to assess the relationship between psychological well-being and demographic factors, such as age and field of study. Psychological well-being questionnaires were administered to a sample of 192 Master of Education students. The findings demonstrated that Master of Education students possessed a slightly high level of psychological well-being. Differences were found in students’ psychological well-being across age groups, F (4, 167) = 3.178, p = 0.01, and field of study, F (8, 163) = 2.668, p = 0.01, respectively. According to the results, students in the age group of 41 years and above possessed the highest level of psychological well-being (M = 5, SD = 0.71).

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