scholarly journals CRIMINAL UNDERSTANDING OF THE CONCEPT OF A DRIVER DURING DRIVER TRAINING AND SKILL TESTING

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Māris Garjānis
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic ◽  
Quality Education ◽  
Criminal Offence ◽  
Training Process ◽  
Driver Training ◽  
The Road ◽  
High Quality Education ◽  
The Right ◽  
Criminal Matters

The determination of the driver of a vehicle has a key role to play in administrative infringement cases and criminal matters related to the violation of road trafficking rules, since the driver who committed the offence is recognised as a subject of an administrative violation or criminal offence, which is called the liability provided by the law.The concept of a driver covered by the Road Traffic Law is unclear and limits the right of the trainee to a high quality education in a safe training process within the framework of breakdown training, creating unjustified risks for the trainee or training (instructor) responsibility.As part of the study, the problem with the concept of driver will be identified and a new concept of driver will be developed.  

Determination of Resistance to Abrasive Wear. VIII. Influence of Softeners in Tests with the Akron-Croydon and Du Pont Machines

1949 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 259-262
Author(s):  
J. F. Morley
Keyword(s):  
Unit Area ◽  
Published Data ◽  
The Road ◽  
Abrasive Surface ◽  
Abrasive Power ◽  
The Difference ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Right ◽  
Abrasion Testing

Abstract These experiments indicate that softeners can influence abrasion resistance, as measured by laboratory machines, in some manner other than by altering the stress-strain properties of the rubber. One possible explanation is that the softener acts as a lubricant to the abrasive surface. Since this surface, in laboratory abrasion-testing machines, is relatively small, and comes repeatedly into contact with the rubber under test, it seems possible that it may become coated with a thin layer of softener that reduces its abrasive power. It would be interesting in this connection to try an abrasive machine in which a long continuous strip of abrasive material was used, no part of it being used more than once, so as to eliminate or minimize this lubricating effect. The fact that the effect of the softener is more pronounced on the du Pont than on the Akron-Croydon machine lends support to the lubrication hypothesis, because on the former machine the rate of wear per unit area of abrasive is much greater. Thus in the present tests the volume of rubber abraded per hr. per sq. cm. of abrasive surface ranges from 0.03 to 0.11 cc. on the du Pont machine and from 0.0035 to 0.0045 cc. on the Akron-Croydon machine. On the other hand, if the softener acts as a lubricant, it would be expected to reduce considerably the friction between the abrasive and the rubber and hence the energy used in dragging the rubber over the abrasive surface. The energy figures given in the right-hand columns of Tables 1 and 3, however, show that there is relatively little variation between the different rubbers. As a test of the lubrication hypothesis, it would be of interest to vary the conditions of test so that approximately the same amount of rubber per unit area of abrasive is abraded in a given time on both machines; this should show whether the phenomena observed under the present test conditions are due solely to the difference in rate of wear or to an inherent difference in the type of wear on the two machines. This could most conveniently be done by considerably reducing the load on the du Pont machine. In the original work on this machine the load was standardized at 8 pounds, but no figures are quoted to show how abrasion loss varies with the load. As an addition to the present investigation, it is proposed to examine the effect of this variation with special reference to rubbers containing various amounts and types of softener. Published data on the influence of softeners on the road wear of tire rubbers do not indicate anything like such large effects as are shown by the du Pont machine. This throws some doubt on the value of this machine for testing tire tread rubbers, a conclusion which is confirmed by information obtained from other workers.

scholarly journals Studi komparasi traffic island Ciung Wanara di Gianyar dengan traffic island Satrya Gatotkaca di Tuban

2019 ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
I Komang Priyanata ◽  
Cokorda Gede Alit Semarajaya ◽  
Ni Wayan Febriana Utami
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
The Road ◽  
Interview Research ◽  
Large Size ◽  
The Right ◽  
Lower Plants ◽  
Selection Of

Comparative study of Ciung Wanara traffic island in Gianyar with Satrya Gatotkaca traffic island In Tuban. Traffic island is an island in the middle of the road that serves to direct the flow of traffic and a waiting place for the user to cross the road. Traffic island of Ciung Wanara in Gianyar and Traffic island of Satrya Gatotkaca in Tuban had turned their function of being a place of recreation for the community. The purpose of this study is to invent existing condition of Ciung Wanara and Satrya Gatotkaca traffic island. This study also provides recommendations in the form of designs that can improve the function of the site. The method used in this research was field survey by conducting observation, distributing questioner and doing interview. Research showed that, users in Ciung Wanara traffic island were dominated by student while users who came to the traffic island Satrya Gatotkaca were dominated by employees. The selection of vegetation bettwen the traffic island of Ciung Wanara and traffic island of Satrya Gatotkaca very different. Vegetation in the traffic island of Ciung Wanara used more of large size vegetation that can block the view of the user of the vehicle, while the vegetation used in the traffic island of Satrya Gatotkaca use lower plants size. The recommendation given in both locations was to add access to traffic island of Ciung Wanara so as to make easier for users to find the right place to cross, while traffic island of Satrya Gatotkaca was arraged it crossing space for more convenient and secure for users to passed the crosswalk.

scholarly journals Plant-Derived Natural Compounds for Tick Pest Control in Livestock and Wildlife: Pragmatism or Utopia?

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danilo G. Quadros ◽  
Tammi L. Johnson ◽  
Travis R. Whitney ◽  
Jonathan D. Oliver ◽  
Adela S. Oliva Chávez
Keyword(s):  
Natural Compounds ◽  
Tick Control ◽  
Wild Animal ◽  
Private Companies ◽  
The Road ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Animal Populations ◽  
The Right ◽  
Promising Avenue

Ticks and tick-borne diseases are a significant economic hindrance for livestock production and a menace to public health. The expansion of tick populations into new areas, the occurrence of acaricide resistance to synthetic chemical treatments, the potentially toxic contamination of food supplies, and the difficulty of applying chemical control in wild-animal populations have created greater interest in developing new tick control alternatives. Plant compounds represent a promising avenue for the discovery of such alternatives. Several plant extracts and secondary metabolites have repellent and acaricidal effects. However, very little is known about their mode of action, and their commercialization is faced with multiple hurdles, from the determination of an adequate formulation to field validation and public availability. Further, the applicability of these compounds to control ticks in wild-animal populations is restrained by inadequate delivery systems that cannot guarantee accurate dosage delivery at the right time to the target animal populations. More work, financial support, and collaboration with regulatory authorities, research groups, and private companies are needed to overcome these obstacles. Here, we review the advancements on known plant-derived natural compounds with acaricidal potential and discuss the road ahead toward the implementation of organic control in managing ticks and tick-borne diseases.

scholarly journals Determination of the Dynamic Vehicle Model Parameters by Means of Computer Vision

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
Daniil A. Loktev ◽  
Alexey A. Loktev ◽  
Alexandra V. Salnikova ◽  
Anna A. Shaforostova
Keyword(s):  
Computer Vision ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Deformable Body ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Vehicle Model ◽  
The Road ◽  
Complex Approach ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Individual

This study is devoted to determining the geometric, kinematic and dynamic characteristics of a vehicle. To this purpose, it is proposed to use a complex approach applying the models of deformable body mechanics for describing the oscillatory movements of a vehicle and the computer vision algorithms for processing a series of object images to determine the state parameters of a vehicle on the road. The model of the vehicle vertical oscillations is produced by means of the viscoelastic elements and the dry friction element that fully enough represent the behavior of the sprung masses. The introduced algorithms and models can be used as a part of a complex system for monitoring and controlling the road traffic. In addition, they can determine both the speed of the car and its dynamic parameters and the driving behavior of the individual drivers.

scholarly journals The Victims of Road Traffic in the Territory of Kosovo and the Way of Their Compensation-Indemnity

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
MSc. Halim Kuliqi
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
The Road ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
The Right

Taking into account the fact that in the world the road traffic accidents happen very often and go up to very large numbers, which often are also very disturbing, then there is an indispensable need to study this problem, because without identifying the problem and its causes then it can neither be fought nor prevented.The significance of this paper lays on the presentation of some data regarding the number of accidents and their victims, the ways of compensation for the damage and the presentation of some measures in order to protect the victims of accidents from secondary victimization.This paper fills a scientific gap for victims of accidents and their way of compensation, which until now for the case of Kosovo has been not addressed significantly in terms of theory and practice also. For the presentation and the development of this issue have been used statistical method, comparative method and among others also the case study methods.In other words, the main purpose of this paper is to present data that expose the difficulties for the realization of the right of victims after suffering accidents and also to propose some norms that would protect the victims from secondary victimization, as victims after suffering a traffic accident may be hurt again until the realization of their demand for compensation according to the law.

scholarly journals GAMBARAN KENAKALAN BERLALU LINTAS PADA REMAJA DAN FAKTOR – FAKTOR PENYEBAB

Jurnal Ecopsy ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdi Irawan ◽  
Emma Yuniarrahmah ◽  
Hemy Heryati Anward
Keyword(s):  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Self Control ◽  
License Plate ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Right

ABSTRAK Kenakalan berlalu lintas merupakan salah satu bentuk dari perilaku kenakalan remaja. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui gambaran perilaku kenakalan berlalu lintas pada remaja di Batulicin dan faktor-faktor penyebabnya. Subjek dalam penelitian ini berjumlah tiga orang remaja laki-laki yang merupakan pelaku kenakalan berlalu lintas di wilayah Batulicin. Teknik penggalian data pada penelitian ini adalah wawancara mendalam semi terstruktur dan observasi partisipasi pasif. Hasil analisis dari ketiga subjek, diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa gambaran berbagai bentuk kenakalan berlalu lintas yaitu: Tidak memiliki SIM, tidak membawa STNK saat berkendara, tidak menggunakan plat nomor kendaraan, tidak menggunakan helm saat berkendara, tidak memakai kaca spion kanan dan kiri, menggunakan knalpot bersuara nyaring, tidak mengaktifkan fungsi speedo meter, manuver berbahaya, melakukan pelecehan verbal atau perkataan kasar pada pengendara lain, balapan liar, mengebut, menerobos lampu merah, dan berkendara dalam keadaan mabuk. Pada ketiga subjek juga ditemukan faktor yang mempengaruhi kenakalan berlalu lintas yaitu, faktor internal yang meliputi, identitas diri yang negatif, kontrol diri yang rendah, usia awal melakukan kenakalan, jenis kelamin laki-laki, kepercayaan diri rendah, kestabilan emosi kurang, aktualisasi diri terhambat, tidak memiliki model yang baik, penyesuaian sosial yang kurang, perkembangan sosial kurang, dan kurangnya kelekatan pada orang tua,faktor eksternal meliputi, pengaruh teman sebaya yang negatif, prestasi sekolah yang rendah,  status sosial ekonomi menengah kebawah, peran orang tua yang buruk dan kualitas lingkungan sekitar yang buruk. Kata Kunci : Kenakalan, Lalu lintas, Remaja ABSTRACT  Road traffic delinquency is one form of juvenile delinquency. The purpose of this study was to describe the road traffic delinquency behavior in adolescents in Batulicin and the contributing factors. Subjects in this study were three teenagers who were the perpetrators of road traffic delinquency in Batulicin. Data were gathered through semi-structured in-depth interviews and observation of passive participation. It can be concluded from the results of the  analysis that there were some various types of road traffic delinquency, namely not having a driver's license, not carrying vehicle registration when driving, not using the license plate numbers, not wearing helmets while driving, not wearing the right and left rear-view mirrors, applying loud-voiced exhaust, not activating the Speedo meter, doing dangerous maneuvers, delivering verbal harassment or vulgarity on the other riders, wild racing, speeding, running a red light, and driving in a drunken state. There were some factors found in the three subjects that affected the road traffic delinquency. The first was the internal factors that included negative self-identity, low self-control, mischief in early age, male gender, low self-esteem, less emotional stability, hampered self-actualization, lack of good models, less social adjustment, less social development, and lack of attachment to parents. The second was the external factors including negative peer influences, low school performance, middle and lower socioeconomic status, poor parental role and poor quality of the surrounding environment.  Keywords: Delinquency, Traffic, Adolescent

Calculation Methodology of Geometrical Dimensions for Noise-Protective Automotive Screens

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
Владимир Тупов ◽  
Vladimir Tupov ◽  
Т. Дудьев ◽  
T. Dud'ev
Keyword(s):  
Noise Level ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Economic Costs ◽  
Transport Stream ◽  
The Road ◽  
Complex Approach ◽  
Calculation Methodology ◽  
The Right ◽  
Sound Diffraction ◽  
Geometrical Dimensions

To determine the projected screen’s optimal dimensions has been proposed a calculation method allowing assay an automotive noise entering the area, protected by this screen. In engineering calculations the noise screen is often considered as infinitely extended, so that the sound diffraction on its side edges and the noise from the parts which are not covered by the screen are ignored. The proposed complex approach in the screens design allows assay the levels of noise emanating from the parts of transport stream, covered and uncovered by the screen. Thus, the designer, in case of exceeding the set values by the noise level, can estimate from where the loudest noise comes: from the top of the screen or from its sides, including the noise from the road traffic parts which are not covered by the screen, both from the right and left sides of it. From here is emerged the possibility to rationally vary the screen’s geometric dimensions, increasing its height, or extending it in one or another direction. As a result of such design, the screen’s optimal basic geometrical dimensions are determined in terms of providing the necessary noise level in the protected area. This allows reduce the design time and economic costs for the construction of screens.

scholarly journals Influence Range and Traffic Risk Analysis of Moving Work Zones on Urban Roads

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4196
Author(s):  
Song Fang ◽  
Jianxiao Ma
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
Work Zone ◽  
Work Zones ◽  
The Road ◽  
Urban Expressway ◽  
The Right ◽  
Operation And Management ◽  
Left Lane

There is a body of literature on the influence range and traffic risk of fixed work zones. However, relatively few studies have examined the effect of ubiquitous moving operating vehicles, such as road cleaners, on urban roads. The influence of low speed moving work zones on road traffic flow and traffic risk is still unclear. In this work, we used simulations to establish an urban expressway three lanes VISSIM model, and selected the road traffic volume and speed of the moving work zone as the independent variables. We analyzed the range of influence of the moving work zone on the rear vehicles in the left, middle and right lanes of the urban expressway and the traffic risk variation law caused by the moving work zone. The results show that the left lane was indirectly affected by the moving work zone when the traffic volume reached 2000 pcu/h. The influence of the moving work zone on the middle lane was controlled by the traffic volume and the speed of the moving work zone. Both the left and middle lanes were mainly impacted by vehicles changing lane from the right lane. Regardless of the traffic volume and the speed of the moving work zone change, the vehicles 200 m behind a moving work zone will be directly affected in the right lane. Furthermore, the average traffic risk is the highest within 50 m of the moving work zone in the right lane. When the traffic volume decreases and the speed of the moving work zone increases, the average traffic risk decreases gradually. These results provide a scientific basis for the operation and management of moving working vehicles on urban roads.

scholarly journals Simulation of a Motor Vehicle’s Motion on the Basis of a Turning with the Steering Wheel Release

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-308
Author(s):  
Jarosław Zalewski
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Steering Wheel ◽  
Maximum Height ◽  
Initial Speed ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Traffic Safety ◽  
Turning Maneuver ◽  
The Right

AbstractIn this paper, the selected phenomena related to a motor vehicle’s motion have been considered based on a computer simulation in MSC Adams/Car. The vehicle’s model performed a turning maneuver with the steering wheel release under different road conditions.All simulations have been performed based on the sports two-seater vehicle’s model, at the initial speed of 70 km/h on the flat and randomly uneven road. This enabled us to observe the selected phenomena along the road long enough to relate them to different aspects of road traffic safety in unusual situations. For uneven road, the same profiles were assumed for the left and the right wheel of the vehicle, with two coefficient values determining the maximum height of these irregularities.

scholarly journals Determination of Time Savings for Passengers by Applying the Public Passenger Transport Preference in Cities

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 3-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jozef Gnap ◽  
Jana Kupculjakova ◽  
Stefania Semanova
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Passenger Transport ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Road ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Time Savings ◽  
On The Road

The paper deals with the issue of delays of public transport vehicles at the signal controlled junctions. Based on the road traffic survey results, the average values of vehicle delays were determined. By using those values, it is possible to define time savings for the vehicles and mainly for passengers that are transported. The time savings were determined based on the relationships and coefficients defined in this paper.

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