scholarly journals Postural control of size of the feet of children in school age

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Daniela Fernanda Esteves De Andrade ◽  
Jessica Caroliny De Jesus Neves ◽  
Dirce Shizuko Fujisawa
Keyword(s):  
Postural Control ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Personal Identification ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Intrinsic Factors ◽  
Tape Measure ◽  
Minute Interval ◽  
The Right

Introduction: Postural control is the interaction between the systems, the central nervous and the musculoskeletal, based on information from the system somatosensory, vestibular and visual, to capture and control the body segments, alignments and movements. The studies reporting that data the anthropometric influence on the postural control, among the findings arte the characteristics of the feet, such as foot size and type. The gold standard instrument of evaluation of postural control is the force platform (PF). Objective: To determine the correlation between postural control and the length of the feet in students with eight years old. Method: Cross-sectional Study with convenience sample with students enrolled in schools of the city of Londrina/PR. The collection consisted of personal identification, anthropometric data, and assessment of postural control on the FP. The body mass was obtained by means of weighing on a digital scale, stature was measured using a tape measure and the length of the feet was measured by means of a tape measure positioned in the calcaneus until the end of the first finger. The evaluation of the postural control was in unipodal support, 30 seconds permanence, three attempts with one-minute interval between them. Results: We evaluated 346 school, 180 (52%) female and 166 (48%) were male. Leg preference was to the right on 224 (64.7%), and the median length of feet was of 0.21 (0.21/0.22) (m). The children presented themselves in the position one-leg area of the COP 13.41±6.77 (cm2 ). The correlation of COP with size of the feet has been identified, but considered to be low (p=0.000 and r= 0.224). Conclusion: The correlation between the postural control and the length of the feet was low, since the complex mechanism in which other intrinsic factors and extrinsic are also able to influence it.

scholarly journals Physical Activity Practice and Optimal Development of Postural Control in School Children: Are They Related?

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 2919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose L. García-Soidán ◽  
Jesús García-Liñeira ◽  
Raquel Leirós-Rodríguez ◽  
Anxela Soto-Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
School Children ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Control State

Background: This study aims to analyze the effect of physical activity practice on the postural control state of school children. If such an effect was detected, the second aim of the study was to identify which specific capacities of postural control benefited the most from physical activity. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed using a convenience sample of 118 healthy children (54 girls) with a mean age of 10.3 ± 1.2 years. Their weight and height were measured. The accelerometric assessment of balance included four different tests in static balance and walking. Results: Physical activity habit prevalence was 38.9% in girls and 60.9% in boys, and its frequency was 2.3 days per week in girls and 2.8 days in boys. The active children obtained lower accelerations, but the active and sedentary girls showed lower accelerometric values than the active boys. The logistic regression analysis demonstrated the influence of sex on the accelerations of the body (p < 0.001), regardless of the habit of physical activity. Conclusions: Active children have better postural control than sedentary children, although sedentary girls have better balance than active boys. Therefore, physical activity practice seems to favor a more efficient development of postural control, but it cannot level or reverse the effect of the neurophysiological factors that are conditioned by sex.

Demonstration of the relationship between MSD and online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kochu Therisa Karingada ◽  
Michael Sony
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Right ◽  
Almost All

PurposeThe COVID-19 pandemic lockdown has caught many educational institutions by surprise and warranted an abrupt migration from offline to online learning. This has resulted in an education change, without any time for due consideration, as regards its impact on musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) on students. The purpose of this study is to investigate MSD related to online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown.Design/methodology/approachA cross-sectional study was conducted on undergraduate students in India. In total, 261 students participated in this online survey.FindingsThe study finds that around 80% of students have reported some symptom in the head, neck and eyes since they started online learning. In total, 58% have reported MSD symptom in the right shoulder and 56% in the right hand fingers. Besides, more than 40 % of students experienced some MSD symptoms, in almost all the body parts studied, due to online learning. Correlation analysis is conducted between time spent on online learning per day and MSD symptoms.Originality/valueThis is the first study conducted on MSD and online learning during COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals The effect of hyper-pronated foot on postural control and ankle muscle activity during running and cutting movement

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 216-220
Author(s):  
Zahed Mantashloo ◽  
Heydar Sadeghi ◽  
Mehdi Khaleghi Tazji ◽  
Vanessa Rice ◽  
Elizabeth J Bradshaw
Keyword(s):  
Postural Control ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lateral Direction ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Activation Patterns ◽  
Muscle Activation Patterns ◽  
Ankle Muscle

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of hyper pronated foot on postural control and ankle muscle activity during running and cutting movement (v-cut). Methods: In this Cross-Sectional study, 42 young physically active (exercising three times per week regularly) males participated in this study, including 21 with hyper-pronated feet and 21 with normal feet. Each participant completed a running and cutting task. Body postural control was measured using a force platform (1000Hz) which was synchronized with surface electromyography of selected ankle muscles. MATLAB software was used to process and analyze the data. One-away ANOVA was used to identify any differences between groups. Results: Differing muscle activation patterns in the surrounding ankle musculature (tibialis anterior, peroneus longus) through to reduced postural stability in the medial-lateral direction and increased vertical ground reaction forces were observed between groups. Conclusion: According to the obtained results it seems that subtalar hyper-pronation can be regarded as a factor affecting the biomechanics of cutting by changing activation patterns of the muscles surrounding the ankle, and reducing postural control of the body in medial-lateral direction, but not in anterior-posterior direction.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Pupils’ Knowledge about Kidney Health

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12811
Author(s):  
Theodore Vassilikopoulos ◽  
Athena Kalokairinou ◽  
Georgia Kourlaba ◽  
Eirini Grapsa
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
General Education ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Clinically Significant

The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of renal function knowledge of primary school pupils in Greece. We conducted a cross-sectional study with a convenience sample of 220 pupils, coming from the 5th and 6th grades of general education schools. A questionnaire consisting of 11 questions was developed from scratch. However, based on an analysis of Cronbach’s alpha values obtained when individual questions were deleted, two questions were removed from the analysis, and only nine remained for analysis and participated in the calculation of the knowledge score. Moreover, the gender and daily habits of pupils regarding water consumption and frequency of urination were recorded. Pupils had a high percentage of correct knowledge about the number of kidneys (95.2%), whether a child may have problems with the kidneys (85.5%) and whether a person can survive with one kidney (68.5%). Low levels of knowledge were observed in the function and role of the kidneys (36.4%), as well as the part of the body where the kidneys are located (30.9%). The median (interquartile range (IQR)) total knowledge score was 6 (5–7), with no difference detected between genders (p = 0.135). A statistically significant difference between pupils of 5th and 6th grades was found but the difference did not seem to be clinically significant (p = 0.035). The present research demonstrates that pupils’ knowledge of renal function and the protection of their kidneys needs improvement.

scholarly journals Hormonal, metabolic and nutritional alterations in smokers: emergency for smoking abstinence

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 261-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gláucia Renata Souza Rodrigues ◽  
Marcela Melquíades ◽  
Maria Alvim Leite ◽  
Maíra Barros Louro ◽  
Carmen Perches ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Fasting Glycemia ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The University

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the biochemical and nutritional status of smokers in treatment for smoking cessation and its association with anthropometric parameters. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study with convenience sample. Adult smokers were assessed at the start of treatment in the Interdisciplinary Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention of the University Hospital of the Federal University of Juiz de Fora (CIPIT/HU-UFJF). We evaluated the body mass index (BMI), conicity index (CI); waist circumference (WC), percentage of body fat (%BF), fasting glycemia, cortisol, insulin, total cholesterol (TC), LDL-c, HDL-c, triglycerides (TG) and metabolic syndrome (MS). RESULTS: Most participants (52.2%) had MS and high cardiovascular risk. The fasting glycemia was abnormal in 30.4%. There was a significant positive correlation between BMI and WC (r = 0.90; p = 0.0001), %BF (r = 0.79; p = 0.0001), CI (r = 0.65; p = 0.0001), glycemia (r = 0.42; p = 0.04) and TG (r = 0.47; p = 0.002). The CI presented positive correction with insulin (r = 0.60; p = 0.001), glycemia (r = 0.55; p = 0.007), TG (r = 0.54; p = 0.008) and %BF (r = 0.43; p = 0.004). Patients with longer duration of smoking had a higher risk of developing MS (OR = 9.6, p = 0.016). CONCLUSION: The smokers evaluated had increased risk for developing MS, especially those with longer duration of smoking, requiring urgent smoking cessation.

scholarly journals The Effects of Leg Preference on Transient Characteristics of Body Sway During Single-Leg Stance: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Žiga Kozinc ◽  
Nejc Šarabon
Keyword(s):  
Postural Control ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Transient Behavior ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Sway ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Transient Characteristics ◽  
Velocity Amplitude ◽  
Additional Information

Instrumented assessments of quiet-stance postural control typically involve recording and analyzing of body sway signal, most often the center of pressure (CoP) movement. It has been recently suggested that transient characteristics of body sway may offer additional information regarding postural control. In this study, we explored the relationship between whole-trial estimates of body sway (CoP velocity, amplitude, and frequency) and corresponding transient behavior indexes, as well as the effects of leg preference. A total of 705 healthy young athletes performed 30 s single-leg body sway trials for both legs. It was found that the transient characteristics of the body sway (expressed as relative differences between individual time intervals within the trial) are in negligible or weak correlation (r ≤ 0.26) with the corresponding variables, averaged across the whole trial. All CoP variables showed transient characteristics, reflected in statistically significant decrease (CoP velocity and amplitude) or increase (CoP frequency) throughout the trial. The preferred leg showed smaller body sway; however, the effect sizes were very small. Moreover, differences between the legs were also noted in terms of transient characteristics of body sway. In particular, the preferred leg showed earlier reduction in anterior–posterior body sway and larger reduction in medial–lateral body sway. Further studies should focus on examining the clinical utility of indexes of transient behavior of body sway, for instance, their sensitivity to aging-related changes and risk of falling.

scholarly journals The Feasibility of Ultrasonographic Diaphragmatic Excursion in Healthy Dogs: Effect of Positioning, Diaphragmatic Location, and Body Weight of Dogs

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phasamon Saisawart ◽  
Somchin Sutthigran ◽  
Kumpanart Soontornvipart ◽  
Chutimon Thanaboonnipat ◽  
Damri Darawiroj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Ultrasound Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Intrinsic Factors ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Healthy Dogs ◽  
The Right ◽  
Almost All

Diaphragmatic excursion (DE) has been utilized for detecting respiratory related problems in humans. However, several factors should be considered such as the ultrasound technique and factors intrinsic to patients. Nevertheless, knowledge of the effect of these factors on DE in dogs is still lacking. The aim of this study was to evaluate the proper ultrasound technique by varying postures and diaphragmatic locations for DE measurement and to explore intrinsic factors such as diaphragmatic sides, sex, and body weight of dogs on DE. The prospective, analytic, cross-sectional study included 44 healthy dogs; 12 beagles and 32 dogs of other breeds. The experiment was divided into (i) an exploration of the proper ultrasound technique by varying postures (supine, standing, and recumbent in each of the right and left lateral positions), diaphragmatic locations (middle crus and proximal to the last rib), and diaphragmatic sublocations (xiphoid, mid, and proximal rib) for detection of DE and (ii) the evaluation of canine intrinsic factors affecting DE. The results show that the mid-diaphragmatic sublocation in the middle crus area in almost all positions revealed the highest percentage DE detection. However, DEs were revealed to be more accessible in the supine position. There was no significant difference in DE between the right and the left diaphragms or between the sexes of beagle dogs. However, body weight was significantly correlated with the DE among dogs of various sizes. In conclusion, the posture of the dogs and the diaphragmatic location can affect DE evaluation. Neither sex nor diaphragmatic side had an influence, but body weight was revealed as a major factor in DE in dogs.

scholarly journals Characteristics of physical development of primary school-aged children (Perm, cross-sectional study, 2019)

2021 ◽  
pp. 206-211
Author(s):  
Victoria V. Gorbunova ◽  
◽  
Marina L. Otavina ◽  
Daria N. Lir ◽  
Irina N. Gavrilova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
The Right ◽  
Anthropometric Study

An anthropometric study of 607 primary school-aged children (7 to 11 years old) showed that the height and body weight values were within the normal range in 90% of children, and the body mass index [BMI] – in >70%. For the height and body weight, this range involved the values from –2SDS to +2SDS (stand-ard deviations from the age-specific median value). For BMI, values in the range from –2SDS to +1SDS were considered normal. The distribution of the age-based weight and height parameters as related to WHO reference standards demonstrated the right shift by 0.33-0.53 SDS, i.e. towards higher values. It was shown that 75 children (12.4%) were obese. Other researchers, who conducted similar measurements in different regions of Russia, reported about the same proportion of children with obesity. Among prima-ry schoolers, the incidence of obesity was higher in boys.

scholarly journals Prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders in agricultural farmers of Bhaktapur District, Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Prakash Kumar Mahto ◽  
B.P.T. Bhupal Gautam
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Work Related Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire ◽  
Very High

Background: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders are present in a range of occupations. This is confirmed from a number of studies done around the world. However, few attempts have been done to document the presence of musculoskeletal disorders in occupational diseases in Nepal and there are hardly any studies done to see musculoskeletal disorders in farmers of Nepal. Nepal is an agricultural country and traditional practices in farming are adopted demanding a lot on the manual work. Objectives:  Aim of this study is to find out the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in Bhaktapur district of Nepal. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study design. A convenience sample of 246 farmers from Bhaktapur district, Nepal aged between 24-65 years, were included in the study. The Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire was a tool adapted to measure MSDs in the farmers. Descriptive analysis of data was done. Results: Farmers (n=246) reported pain in all the nine areas of the body mentioned in the questionnaire. More than 70% of farmers have some kind of musculoskeletal disorders. However, six major areas of pain were identified as: Neck-31(12.6 %), Shoulder-26(10.6%), Elbow- 30(12.2%), Low back- 89(36.2%), Knee- 53(21.5%) and ankle 32(13%). Conclusion: The prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in farmers is very high. Lack of awareness about the MSDs and improper knowledge of ergonomics causes the problems.

Distribution and Characteristics of Intrathoracic Lymphadenopathy in TB/HIV Co-Infection

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 414-420
Author(s):  
Payam Mehrian ◽  
Abtin Doroudinia ◽  
Moghadaseh Shams ◽  
Niloufar Alizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Short Axis ◽  
Mediastinal Lymph Nodes ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hilar Adenopathy ◽  
The Right ◽  
Pulmonary Abnormalities

Background: Intrathoracic Lymphadenopathy (ITLN) in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infected patients may have various etiologies and prognoses. Etiologies of ITLN can be distinguished based on the distribution of enlarged lymph nodes. Sometimes tuberculosis (TB) is the first sign of underlying HIV infection. Objective: We sought to determine ITLN distribution and associated pulmonary findings in TB/HIV co-infection using Computed Tomography (CT) scan. Methods: In this retrospective, observational, cross-sectional study, chest CT scans of 52 patients with TB/HIV co-infection were assessed for enlarged intrathoracic lymph nodes (>10 mm in short axis diameter), lymphadenopathy (LAP) distribution, calcification, conglomeration, the presence of hypodense center and associated pulmonary abnormalities. LAP distribution was compared in TB/HIV co-infection with isolated TB infection. Results: Mediastinal and/or hilar LAP were seen in 53.8% of TB/HIV co-infection patients. In all cases, LAP was multinational. The most frequent stations were right lower paratracheal and subcarinal stations. Lymph node conglomeration, hypodense center and calcification were noted in 25%, 21.4% and 3.5% of patients, respectively. LAP distribution was the same as that in patients with isolated TB infection except for the right hilar, right upper paratracheal and prevascular stations. All patients with mediastinal and/or hilar adenopathy had associated pulmonary abnormalities. Conclusion: All patients with TB/HIV co-infection and mediastinal and/or hilar adenopathy had associated pulmonary abnormalities. Superior mediastinal lymph nodes were less commonly affected in TB/HIV co-infection than isolated TB.

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