Rossenbeck. On the question of the ketogenic nature of physiological acidosis of pregnancy (Mtschs. Geburtsch. Gyn. 1936, 102, 3, 129-143)

1937 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 649-649
Author(s):  
B. Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Ketone Bodies ◽  
Experimental Studies

Based on his experimental studies in healthy non-pregnant and pregnant women, a. believes that the decrease in the ability of their blood to bind carbon dioxide cannot be explained by an increase in the level of ketone bodies in the blood during pregnancy, especially in her last 3 months.

Self-gasified biosystems for enhanced oil recovery

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150274
Author(s):  
B. A. Suleimanov ◽  
S. J. Rzayeva ◽  
U. T. Akhmedova
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Enhanced Oil Recovery ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery ◽  
Heterogeneous Porous Medium ◽  
Oil Displacement ◽  
Subcritical Region ◽  
Reservoir Conditions

Microbial enhanced oil recovery is considered to be one of the most promising methods of stimulating formation, contributing to a higher level of oil production from long-term fields. The injection of bioreagents into a reservoir results in the creation of oil-displacing agents along with a significant amount of gases, mainly carbon dioxide. Earlier, the authors failed to study the preparation of self-gasified biosystems and the implementation of the subcritical region (SR) under reservoir conditions. Gasified systems in the subcritical phase have better oil-displacing properties than nongasified systems. In a heterogeneous porous medium, the filtration profile of gasified liquids in the SR should be more uniform than for a degassed liquid. Based on experimental studies, the superior efficiency of oil displacement by gasified biosystems compared with degassed ones has been demonstrated. The possibility of efficient use of gasified hybrid biopolymer systems has been shown.

Forsterite reprecipitation and carbon dioxide entrapment in the lithospheric mantle during its interaction with carbonatitic melt: a case study from the Sung Valley ultramafic–alkaline–carbonatite complex, Meghalaya, NE India

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Shubham Choudhary ◽  
Koushik Sen ◽  
Santosh Kumar ◽  
Shruti Rana ◽  
Swakangkha Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Lithospheric Mantle ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Carbonatite Complex ◽  
Kerguelen Plume ◽  
Ne India ◽  
Isotopic Analyses ◽  
Oxygen Isotopic ◽  
Carbonatite Magma

Abstract Carbonatite melts derived from the mantle are enriched in CO2- and H2O-bearing fluids. This melt can metasomatize the peridotitic lithosphere and liberate a considerable amount of CO2. Experimental studies have also shown that a CO2–H2O-rich fluid can form Fe- and Mg-rich carbonate by reacting with olivine. The Sung Valley carbonatite of NE India is related to the Kerguelen plume and is characterized by rare occurrences of olivine. Our study shows that this olivine is resorbed forsterite of xenocrystic nature. This olivine bears inclusions of Fe-rich magnesite. Accessory apatite in the host carbonatite contains CO2–H2O fluid inclusions. Carbon and oxygen isotopic analyses indicate that the carbonatites are primary igneous carbonatites and are devoid of any alteration or fractionation. We envisage that the forsterite is a part of the lithospheric mantle that was reprecipitated in a carbonatite reservoir through dissolution–precipitation. Carbonation of this forsterite, during interaction between the lithospheric mantle and carbonatite melt, formed Fe-rich magnesite. CO2–H2O-rich fluid derived from the carbonatite magma and detected within accessory apatite caused this carbonation. Our study suggests that a significant amount of CO2 degassed from the mantle by carbonatitic magma can become entrapped in the lithosphere by forming Fe- and Mg-rich carbonates.

scholarly journals A Model of Brain Arteriolar Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Transport during Anemia

1993 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 872-880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard S. Schacterle ◽  
Robert J. Ribando ◽  
J. Milton Adams
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Tissue Oxygenation ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Transport ◽  
Theoretical Evidence ◽  
Predicted Values

Existing experimental and theoretical evidence suggests that precapillary diffusion of O2 and CO2 occurs between arterioles and tissue under normal physiologic conditions. However, limited information is available on arteriolar gas transport during anemia. With use of a mathematical model of an arteriolar network in brain tissue, anemic hematocrits of 35, 25, and 15% were modeled to determine the effect of anemia on the exchange, the change in the equilibrium tissue O2 and CO2 tensions, and the increase in blood flow needed to restore tissue oxygenation. We found that the blood Po2 exiting the network fell from 66 mm Hg normally to 48 mm Hg during the severest anemia. Concurrently, the equilibrium tissue O2 tensions dropped from 44 to 23 mm Hg. For CO2 the exit blood Pco2 was 58 mm Hg for a 15% hematocrit, an increase of 4 mm Hg from the normal value, and equilibrium tissue Pco2 increased from 56 to 61 mm Hg. Blood flow increases from normal values necessary to offset the effects of the decreased O2 delivery to the tissue were 26, 86, and 222%, respectively, for hematocrits of 35, 25, and 15%. We compared our model results with recent experimental studies that have suggested that the amount of O2 diffusion is much higher than predicted values. We found that these experimental O2 gradients are three to four times larger than theoretical.

Mechanism of growth hormone-induced postprandial carbohydrate intolerance in humans

1991 ◽  
Vol 260 (4) ◽  
pp. E513-E520 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Butler ◽  
E. Kryshak ◽  
R. Rizza
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Ketone Bodies ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Substrate Uptake ◽  
Glucose Release ◽  
Hepatic Glucose ◽  
Hepatic Glucose Release ◽  
Carbohydrate Intolerance

Growth hormone excess can cause postprandial carbohydrate intolerance. To determine the contribution of splanchnic and extrasplanchnic tissues to this process, subjects were fed an isotopically labeled mixed meal after either a 12-h infusion of saline or growth hormone (4 micrograms.kg-1.h-1 [corrected]). Growth hormone infusion resulted in higher glucose and insulin concentrations both before and after meal ingestion. Despite growth hormone-induced hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia, postprandial hepatic glucose release and carbon dioxide incorporation into glucose (a qualitative estimate of gluconeogenesis) were similar to those present during saline, suggesting altered hepatic regulation. This was confirmed when glucose was infused in the absence of growth hormone to achieve glucose (and insulin) concentrations comparable to those present during growth hormone infusion. Although growth hormone excess did not alter splanchnic uptake of ingested glucose, it resulted in a fivefold increase in postprandial hepatic glucose release (578 +/- 31 vs. 117 +/- 10 mg.kg-16 h-1, P less than 0.01), less suppression of carbon dioxide incorporation into glucose (-13 +/- 9 vs. -53 +/- 12 mg.kg-1. 6-h-1, P less than 0.01), and lower glucose uptake (1,130 +/- 59 vs. 1,850 +/- 150 mg.kg-1.6 h-1, P less than 0.01). The decrease in postprandial glucose uptake did not appear to be mediated by a change in substrate uptake since postprandial plasma concentrations and forearm balance of lactate, free fatty acids, and ketone bodies did not differ in the presence and absence of growth hormone excess.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Opening windows of opportunities: Evidence for interventions to prevent or treat depression in pregnant women being associated with changes in offspring's developmental trajectories of psychopathology risk

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 1179-1196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherryl H. Goodman ◽  
Katherine A. Cullum ◽  
Sona Dimidjian ◽  
Laura M. River ◽  
Christine Youngwon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Fetal Programming ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Programming Model ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Small Effect Size

AbstractAlthough animal models and correlational studies support a model of fetal programming as a mechanism in the transmission of risk for psychopathology from parents to children, the experimental studies that are required to empirically test the model with the human prenatal dyad are scarce. With a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature, we critically examined the evidence regarding the neurobiological and behavioral changes in infants as a function of randomized clinical trials to prevent or reduce maternal depression during pregnancy, treating randomized clinical trials as experiments testing the fetal programming model. Based on 25 articles that met inclusion criteria, we found support for interventions designed to change maternal prenatal mood being associated with changes in offspring functioning, but with a very small effect size. Effect sizes ranged broadly, and were higher for younger children. The findings enhance understanding of putative mechanisms in the transmission of risk from women's prenatal depression to infants’ vulnerabilities to, and early signs of, the development of psychopathology. We note limitations of the literature and suggest solutions to advance understanding of how preventing or treating depression in pregnant women might disrupt the transmission of risk to the infants.

scholarly journals Biophotonics for Biofuel Upgradation

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 262-266
Author(s):  
Gopinath Rana ◽  
Tanusri Mandal
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Illumina Miseq ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Photo Bioreactor ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Downstream Analysis

AbstractExperimental studies have been made to find out Cyanobacterias’ biophotonical response in gaseous-fuelation and carbon dioxide fixation during photo-anaerobic digestion. A new horizontal type photo-bioreactor has been designed by using environment hazard plastic bottles and it works ideally for anoxygenic cyanobacterial growth. Through ‘V3-metagenomics’ of 16S rRNA gene sequencing by paired-end Illumina MiSeq and downstream analysis by QIIME program, we have identified anaerobic cyanobacteria, represent the orders YS2 and Streptophyta. OTUs have been identified by aligning against Greengenes and Silva databases, separately. The flame temperature of the fuel gas is 860°C and the percent-content of carbon dioxide (CO2) is 17.6%.

scholarly journals Changes of Partial Pressure of Carbon Dioxide in Arterial Blood (PaCO2) and Respiratory Rate (RR) in Pregnant Women

2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (Number 1) ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
D K Sunyal ◽  
Md. R Amin ◽  
MH Md. R ◽  
GM Kibria ◽  
G M Molla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of

In the present study the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood (PaC0:1 and respiratory rate (RR) were studied in pregnant and non-pregnant women in Dhaka city. Far this purpose a total 32 women for PaCO)and 100 women for RR with age ranging front 25 ...ears le 35 years without any recent history of respiratory diseases were selected. Normal pregnant women were taken as e.yperimental group and healthy nor-pregnant ...omen as return!. Data was collected during first trimester. second trimester and third trimester in pregnant women and also nompregnant women. The PaCOrwas determined by using 'EASY BLOOD GAS .0TO INALMER" and RR was recorded. The PaCO, and RR during different trimesters of pregnant .rumen were compared with that of non-pregnant 11.1101. Statistical analysis was drum with .tudents '1' rest. The PeCOr was significantly lower in first trimester, second trimester and third (rimester of pregnant women than that of non-pregnant women. Similarly, RR was significantly higher in first trimester. second trimester and third trimester of pregnant women than that of nonpregnant women. Again RR was significantly higher in third trimester than in first trimester and second trimester of pregnant women. There were no statistically significant difference of PaCO, among first trimester. second trimester and third trimester of pregnant women. Similarly, there were no statistically significant difference of RR between first trimester and second trimester of pregnant women. It may be concluded from the study that the progressively decreased PaCO• and increased RR throughout Me pregnancy were most likely MP be related to the effect of progesterone-induced hyperventilation. Hypermfilation in pregnancy is due to hypersensitivity of respiratory centre. Due to hyperventilation there is expel out of CO, miming decrease in PaC0r and increase in RR during pregnancy.

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