Pathomorphology of colonic mucosa in patients with chronic post-parasitic colitis

2014 ◽  
Vol 95 (6) ◽  
pp. 934-938
Author(s):  
I T Scherbakov ◽  
N I Leonteva ◽  
N V Chebyshev ◽  
N M Gracheva ◽  
B N Khrennikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colonic Mucosa ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Surface Epithelium ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Normal Colonic Mucosa ◽  
Colon Mucosa ◽  
Complex Evaluation ◽  
Pathologic Features ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin

Aim. To identify pathologic features of the colonic mucosa in patients with chronic post-parasitic colitis. Methods. Under the observation were 80 patients aged 38-42 years (38 men and 42 women) 1.5-2 years after undergoing parasitic diseases (amebiasis, giardiasis, diphyllobothriasis). In 19 patients due to the presence of dyspeptic phenomena colon mucosa was evaluated by morphometric parameters using grid of Avtandilov. The control group consisted of 6 patients with adaptive norm, in which by complex evaluation (bacteriology, parasitology, endoscopic, histologic) the pathology has not been revealed. Biopsies of colon mucosa were fixed in 10% neutral formalin solution and embedded in paraffin. Histological sections were stained with 1% aqueous solution of Alcian blue, Mayer’s hematoxylin and eosin; for morphometric analysis of 24 objective indicators - azure II-eosin by Romanovsky, with eosin methylene blue and thionine by Nicolas. Results. It was found that the mucosa in chronic post-parasitic colitis in all cases different from the normal colonic mucosa by registered parameters: the amebiasis - in 50% of cases, giardiasis - in 54.1%, with difillobotriosis - in 70.8%. In post-difillobotriosis colitis the number of fibroblasts in the lamina propria was reduced. Post-lyambliotic colitis characterized by hypertrophy of the surface epithelium and a high mitotic activity of the epithelium of intestinal glands. Conclusion. After undergoing parasitic diseases, in the colon mucosa preserved histological changes corresponding to chronic ulcerative colitis; post-amebiasis chronic colitis characterized by catarrhal-haemorrhagic inflammation, chronic post-lyambliotic - catarrhal-follicular, post-difillobotriosis - catarrhal-haemorrhagic inflammation with high activity of the pathological process and moderate atrophy of the intestinal glands.

Assessment of vitamin D and VDR gene expression in colorectal cancer patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-198
Author(s):  
Joanna Berska ◽  
Jolanta Bugajska ◽  
Diana Hodorowicz-Zaniewska ◽  
Krystyna Sztefko
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Colonic Mucosa ◽  
Tumor Tissue ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Normal Colonic Mucosa ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Patients

Background: Vitamin D insufficiency may increase risk and/or progression of cancer. Vitamin D acts through a nuclear receptor (VDR) which binding to vitamin D response elements causes changes in many genes expression. The aim: to assess the serum concentration of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25(OH)D3) and tissue VDR expression in colorectal cancer patients in relation to disease stage, tumor localization and disease progression. Material & Methods: The study group consisted of 39 patients with colorectal cancer (mean age 65,5±6,8 yrs, 23/16 male/female) and a control group consisted of 25 patients (mean age 51,0±6,9 yrs; 8/17 male/female) without gastrointestinal disease and without neoplasm. Serum level of 25(OH)D3 was measured by HPLC/UV. RNA was isolated from homogenized normal colonic mucosa and tumor tissue then RT-PCR was performed. Results: The mean serum concentration of 25(OH)D3 was lower in the colorectal cancer patients as compared to the control group. The difference was significantly lower only for the patients with the early stages of the disease (p<0.02) and for the patients with tumor present in rectum (p<0.03). Higher VDR expression in tumor tissue than in normal colonic mucosa was observed. For the patients with the early stages of the disease (stage A, B1, B2) higher expression of VDR as compared to the patients with advanced stages (stage C1, C2, D) was noticed. Moreover, VDR expression was higher in tumor tissue obtained from disease-free patients as compared to the patients with disease progression noted one-year-follow-up (p<0.04). Conclusion: Antitumor effect of vitamin D depends on VDR expression in tumor tissue.

scholarly journals Colonic Stem Cells Expression of Lgr5 and CD133 Proteins as Predictive Markers in Colorectal Cancer among Egyptian Patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 968-974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saed Rosiq ◽  
Olfat Hammam ◽  
Ahmed Abdelalim ◽  
Amgad Anas ◽  
Heba Khalil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Colonic Mucosa ◽  
Histological Grade ◽  
Normal Mucosa ◽  
Adenomatous Polyps ◽  
Stem Cell Marker ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Normal Colonic Mucosa ◽  
Depth Of Invasion ◽  
Group I

AIM: Colorectal cancer is the fourth common tumour in Egypt after lymphoid, breast and urinary tumours. The study aims to assess the expression of Lgr5 and CD133 in pre-malignant (adenomatous polyps and IBD), malignant colorectal lesions and normal colonic mucosa by immunohistochemical staining.MATERIAL AND METHODS: This prospective study was done on 100 patients presenting with colonic symptoms, patients were divided into four groups; group I including 20 patients in the control group, group II including 20 ulcerative colitis (U.C) patients, group III including 20 patients with adenomatous polyps and group IV including 40 patients with colorectal cancer (CRC).RESULTS: Lgr5 and CD133 expression was significantly higher in carcinoma than in adenomas, IBD and normal mucosa (P < 0.001). Lrg5 and CD133 was positively correlated with histological grade (P = 0.001), depth of invasion (P = 0.001), lymph node metastasis (P < 0.001), distant metastasis (P < 0.004) and TNM stage (P < 0.001).CONCLUSION: Role of Lgr5 and CD133 as stem cell marker was expressed and presented with different expression in the normal colonic mucosa, adenoma and CRC and showed increased expression in an advanced stage of CRC. This may suggest its possible involvement in colorectal tumorigenesis and invasion.

scholarly journals Effects of IRW and IQW on Oxidative Stress and Gut Microbiota in Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 441-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Liu ◽  
Wenxin Yan ◽  
Sujuan  Ding ◽  
Hongmei Jiang ◽  
Yong Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Sodium Sulfate ◽  
Dextran Sodium Sulfate ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Unrestricted Access ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Colitis Model

Background/Aims: There are known links between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and changes in the microbiota of the gut and inflammation and oxidative stress. In this study, a colitis model induced by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in mice is used to evaluate whether the presence of bioactive peptides IRW (Ile-Arg-Trp) and IQW (Ile-Gln-Trp) peptides is advantageous. Methods: The mice were arbitrarily assigned to the following four groups: (i) control (untreated), (ii) dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) treated, (iii) IRW-DSS treated, and (iv) IQW-DSS treated. For 7 days, the control group subjects had unrestricted access to untreated drinking water, whereas the drinking water supplied to the subjects in the DSS, IRW-DSS, and IQW-DSS groups during this period consisted of 5% DSS solution. The colonic lesions were scored after hematoxylin and eosin staining. Serum antioxidant capacity was analyzed by 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenz-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical cation decolorization test and the microbiota in the colonic contents were sequenced by HiSeq2500 PE250. Results: The presence of DSS reduced daily weight gain, enhanced histopathology scores, and inhibited antioxidant enzyme expression. Superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase activities in the DSS-induced colitis model were significantly enhanced (P < 0.05) in the presence of dietary IRW and IQW. Furthermore, the Simpson index was significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the presence of dietary IRW and IQW compared to the control group. IRW and IQW increased the abundance of Coprococcus_1, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014, and Desulfovibrio compared to the control group and DSS group. Furthermore, IQW decreased the abundance of Bacteroides in relation to the control group, but increased Parabacteroides. In addition, IRW increased the level of Anaerotruncus, Oscillibacter, and Ruminiclostridium_9 compared to the control group. Conclusion: This study concludes that the presence of IRW or IQW can mitigate DSS-induced oxidative stress by improving the activities of antioxidant enzymes, increasing intestinal microbial diversity and enhancing the abundance of gut microbiota, which may help maintain the homeostasis of host health and microenvironment in a DSS-induced mouse model, thus providing a potential further treatment for IBD patients.

Tumor-Infiltrating FOXP3+ T Regulatory Cells Show Strong Prognostic Significance in Colorectal Cancer

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Salama ◽  
Michael Phillips ◽  
Fabienne Grieu ◽  
Melinda Morris ◽  
Nik Zeps ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Colonic Mucosa ◽  
Tumor Tissue ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
High Density ◽  
Prognostic Indicators ◽  
Normal Colonic Mucosa ◽  
Solid Cancer ◽  
Histopathologic Features

Purpose To determine the prognostic significance of FOXP3+ lymphocyte (Treg) density in colorectal cancer compared with conventional histopathologic features and with CD8+ and CD45RO+ lymphocyte densities. Patients and Methods Tissue microarrays and immunohistochemistry were used to assess the densities of CD8+, CD45RO+, and FOXP3+ lymphocytes in tumor tissue and normal colonic mucosa from 967 stage II and stage III colorectal cancers. These were evaluated for associations with histopathologic features and patient survival. Results FOXP3+ Treg density was higher in tumor tissue compared with normal colonic mucosa, whereas CD8+ and CD45RO+ cell densities were lower. FOXP3+ Tregs were not associated with any histopathologic features, with the exception of tumor stage. Multivariate analysis showed that stage, vascular invasion, and FOXP3+ Treg density in normal and tumor tissue were independent prognostic indicators, but not CD8+ and CD45RO+. High FOXP3+ Treg density in normal mucosa was associated with worse prognosis (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.51; 95% CI, 1.07 to 2.13; P = .019). In contrast, a high density of FOXP3+ Tregs in tumor tissue was associated with improved survival (HR = 0.54; 95% CI, 0.38 to 0.77; P = .001). Conclusion FOXP3+ Treg density in normal and tumor tissue had stronger prognostic significance in colorectal cancer compared with CD8+ and CD45RO+ lymphocytes. The finding of improved survival associated with a high density of tumor-infiltrating FOXP3+ Tregs in colorectal cancer contrasts with several other solid cancer types. The inclusion of FOXP3+ Treg density may help to improve the prognostication of early-stage colorectal cancer.

scholarly journals Translational studies of electrophoretic mobility and phase picture of erythrocytes with consideration of development of stress response during a pathological process

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 765-771
Author(s):  
A. V. Deryugina ◽  
M. N. Ivashchenko ◽  
P. S. Ignat'ev ◽  
A. G. Samodelkin
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
Electrophoretic Mobility ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Interference Microscopy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Leukocyte Counts ◽  
The Impact

Rationale:Modern cell diagnostic methods are in high demand during the development of new approaches in personalized medicine. Coherent phase interferometry and cell microelectrophoresis are among such methods that are being actively introduced into the diagnostic process in medical institutions.Aim:To substantiate the potential use of biophysical and morphodensitometrical erythrocytes parameters as criteria of treatment efcacy and course of adaptation process in patients with gastrointestinal tract disorders.Materials and methods:The study included 25 patients aged from 40 to 54 years (11 males and 14 females), among them 9 (36%) with gastric peptic ulcer, 3 (12%) with duodenal ulcer, 8 (32%) with acute gastritis, and 5 (20%) with acute pancreatitis. Biophysical and morphological particulars of peripheral blood erythrocytes were assessed before and after treatment using cell diagnostic techniques, such as microelectrophoresis and laser modulation interference microscopy. Also, we evaluated changes over time in routine clinical laboratory tests, such as red and white blood cell counts, hemoglobin levels, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and differential leukocyte counts. The control group included 10 healthy donors aged from 36 to 52 years.In vitroexperiments were performed to assess the erythrocyte electrophoretic mobility (EEPM) and morphology of erythrocytes treated with epinephrine or cortisol.Results:After the treatment, the patients demonstrated a decrease in their leukocyte counts (by 27%), a 2-fold increase in monocyte counts and an ESR decrease (by 10%), compared to the corresponding baseline values before treatment (p < 0.05 for all comparisons). EEPM increased by 12% (1.37 vs. 1.22 mcm × cm/V × s, p < 0.05). The erythrocyte pool of the patients before treatment, had a decreased proportion of discocytes, compared to that in the control group (85.2 vs. 95.4%, р < 0.05), increased proportions of echinocytes, stomatocytes and degenerative forms (11, 2.8 and 1%, respectively, р < 0.05). After the treatment, the discocytes counts increased virtually up to their physiological normal range (91.3%). However, the surface of the discoid cells remained heterogeneous with multiple microspicules; this resulted in changes of electrokinetic and morphological properties of erythrocyte response to stress reaction occurring in the body. The impact of the stress effectors was confrmed inin vitroexperiments assessing the effects of epinephrine (1 × 10-9 g/mL) and cortisol (5 × 10-7 g/mL) on erythrocytes. At 120 minutes of the experiment, epinephrine decreased EEPM (1.14 vs. 1.24 mcm × cm/V × s at baseline, р < 0.05) and increased cell sphericity. On the contrary, cortisol increased EEPM (1.72 vs. 1.36 mcm × cm/V × s, р < 0.05), with non-signifcant echinocytic transformation.Conclusion:Biophysical and morphodensitometric parameters of red blood cells obtained with the use of current express methods of cell microelectrophoresis and coherent interference microscopy help to objectivize the intensity of stress response during a pathological process and activation of adaptation mechanisms during the treatment.

scholarly journals PLASMA CONCENTRATION OF ENDOTHELIN-1 IN PATIENTS WITH HYPERTENSION ASSOCIATED WITH OBESITY, DEPENDING ON THE LYS198ASN POLYMORPHISM OF THE ENDOTHELIN-1 GENE

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-94
Author(s):  
Yu.O. Smiianova
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Heart Rhythm ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Endothelin 1 ◽  
Normal Body ◽  
Heart Rhythm Disorders ◽  
Normal Body Weight

Endothelial dysfunction is considered one of the main mechanisms for the further development of arterial hypertension (AH) and its complications, and endothelin-1 (ЕТ-1) plays one of the key roles in this process. Endothelium is drawn into the pathological process at the earliest stages of AH development. ЕТ-1 is currently considered as a marker and predictor of the stage and consequences of AH, chronic heart failure (CHF), coronary heart disease (CHD), in particularly, acute myocardial infarction (MI), heart rhythm disorders, pulmonary hypertension, atherosclerotic vascular injury, target vascular disorders. One factor that may influence the level of ЕТ-1 is the endothelin-1 gene Lys198Asn polymorphism, which is considered by many researchers as a possible genetic marker of AH. However, the effect of this polymorphism on the level of plasma ЕТ-1 level in patients with AH of varying severity in Ukraine is understudied. The basis of this work were the materials of a complete examination of 160 patients with a verified diagnosis of AH I, stage II of 1, 2, 3 degrees (main group) and 110 apparently healthy persons (control group). Patients of the main group were divided into three subgroups: 1st group ­– 75 patients with normal body weight; 2nd group – 48 overweight patients; 3rd group – 37 patients with alimentary obesity. In obese patients, the waist circumference in women was around 103 (96–115) cm, and in men – 108 (105–116) cm, which indicates an abdominal type of obesity in these patients. As a result of the study, it was found that the level of ЕТ-1 is higher in patients with AH who suffer with overweight and obesity as compared with patients with AH and normal body weight. Also, the peptide level depends on the genotype of patients and is higher in AH patients with the genotype Asn198Asn and Lys198Asn as compared to carriers of the genotype Lys198Lys.

scholarly journals MORPHOLOGY AND MORPHOMETRIC INDICATORS OF THE MUCOUS MEMBRANE OF VARIOUS PARTS OF THE INTESTINE OF PATIENTS WITH POSTCHOLECYSTECTOMY SYNDROME

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 58-64
Author(s):  
Ivan T. Shcherbakov ◽  
Nina I. Leontieva ◽  
Nina M. Grachiova ◽  
Alina I. Soloviova ◽  
Nikolay A. Vinogradov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sigmoid Colon ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Recurrent Abdominal Pain ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Morphometric Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Epithelial Layer ◽  
Intestinal Villi ◽  
Postcholecystectomy Syndrome ◽  
Number Of Patients

The actuality of the problem is associated with an increase in the number of patients with cholelithiasis of working age and a significant increase in cholecystectomies not only in Russia, but throughout the world. It is known that more than 2,5 million are performed annually. Moreover, 5-40% of operated patients develop postcholecystectomy syndrome, which is manifested by recurrent abdominal pain and cholegenic diarrhea. The aim of the study is to assess morphofunctional changes in the mucous membrane of various parts of the intestine in patients with postcholecystectomy syndrome. Histological, histochemical, morphometric and bacterioscopic, parasitological methods were used to study 42 biopsy specimens of the mucous membrane of various parts of the intestines of patients who underwent cholecystectomy. The control group consisted of 18 biopsies of practically healthy individuals. To objectify the study, a morphometric study of the mucous membrane of the duodenum according to 34 parameters, of the cecum and sigmoid colon according to 22 parameters was carried out. In the mucous membrane of the duodenum, chronic duodenitis of varying degrees of activity of the pathological process and atrophy of the intestinal villi were revealed, the intestinal glands were shortened, the intestinal villi are less wide. The epithelial layer of intestinal villi and intestinal glands was abundantly infiltrated with neutrophilic granulocytes. The density of the inflammatory cellular infiltrate in the stroma of the intestinal villi and intestinal glands increased. On the surface of the epithelial layer of the intestinal villi and between the intestinal glands, campylobacters were often found, less often - cryptosporidia. In the mucous membrane of the cecum and sigmoid colon, chronic colitis of varying degrees of activity of the pathological process and atrophy of the intestinal glands were revealed. The thickness of the mucous membrane and the depth of the intestinal glands were lower than normal. Thus, in patients with postcholecystectomy syndrome, pronounced morphometric and histological changes were revealed in the mucous membrane of various parts of the intestine, while the depth and degree of its damage were more significant in its proximal parts.

scholarly journals Osteosarcopenia in chronic pancreatitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 93 (8) ◽  
pp. 869-875
Author(s):  
Irina V. Kozlova ◽  
Anna P. Bykova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Chronic Pancreatitis ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Colon Mucosa ◽  
Traditional Risk Factors

Aim. To determine clinical features and some mechanisms of osteosarcopenia development in patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP). Materials and methods. A casecontrol study was conducted on the basis of the Saratov State Clinical Hospital 5 in 20152018 of patients with CP. In a study of 161 patients with CP included, the control group 30 healthy individuals. Patients were divided into groups according to the etiology of CP: 79 with toxic-metabolic CP, 82 with biliary CP. To determine the risks of low-energy fractures, 154 patients were tested with the Fracture risk assessment tool (FRAX). Along with the standard examination, 30 patients with CP dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was performed. To assess the state of skeletal muscles, body mass index was determined, hand-held dynamometry was performed, and a set of Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) tests was used. Along with the assessment of traditional risk factors for osteosarcopenia gender, age, state of reproductive function in women, body mass index, functional state of the pancreas (pancreas) the quantitative content of interleukins (IL)-2, 6, 8 in in colonic biopsies was analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results. Bone disorders, according to densitometry, was detected in 70.0% of patients with CP, in 13.3% of the control group. Presarcopenia was detected in 62 (38.5%) patients with CP, sarcopenia in 34 (21.1%), in the control group presarcopenia and sarcopenia were not detected. Sarcopenia was statistically significantly more common in toxic-metabolic CP than in biliary CP (2=11.6; p0.001). Correlations of the lumbar spine T-score and IL-6 (r=-0.29; p=0.03), IL-8 (r=-0.29; p=0.04) were revealed. Correlations between sarcopenia and the concentration of cytokines in the in the colon mucosa in CP were determined (IL-2: r=0.44; p0.001; IL-6: r=0.48; p0.001; IL-8: r=0.42; p0.001). Conclusion. The development of osteopenia and sarcopenia syndromes in CP is interrelated and associated with both traditional risk factors and an increased concentration of cytokines in the in the colon mucosa.

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