scholarly journals Damaging effects of ecologically unfavorable environmental factors on the health of descendants

2018 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 980-985
Author(s):  
Yu A Dudareva ◽  
I P Saldan ◽  
Ya N Shoykhet ◽  
V I Kiselev ◽  
V A Gur'eva
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chemical Production ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Damaging Effects

Aim. To determine the possible damaging effects of ecologically unfavorable environmental factors (radiation and chemical) on the health of descendants. Methods. The cross-sectional study included 232 women of the Altai territory, who were divided into three groups: the first group included the descendants of persons who were in the area of radiation exposure, the second one - the descendants of chemical workers, the third group was the control group. As part of the expedition trip to the study areas, the collection of clinical and anamnestic data, the study of extragenital, gynecological morbidity, laboratory and functional methods of research were carried out. Results. The data were obtained confirming the most damaging effect on reproductive health in the descendants of persons who were in the area of radiation exposure. It was the first group where the high frequency of extragenital and gynecological pathology was revealed. At the same time, the reproductive function of women, closely related to functional changes in the immune system, was disordered. The results of the study of a number of parameters of the immune system revealed changes in the functioning of cellular immunity, increase in the level of proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor), mainly in the descendants of persons who were in the area of radiation exposure, in contrast to the descendants of workers of chemical production and control group. Conclusion. A comparative assessment of some health parameters of descendants of persons exposed to radiation and chemical factors showed that the most damaging effect on the reproductive health of descendants is caused by radiation factor.

scholarly journals CLINICAL ASPECTS IN WOMEN WITH MENSTRUAL DYSFUNCTION IN PUBERTY

World Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kovalyshyn O. A.
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Treatment Effectiveness ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Menstrual Dysfunction ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Social ◽  
Somatic Diseases

The reproductive system is exposed to various adverse factors and harmful effects at all stages of functioning of an organism. Against the background of declining levels of women's reproductive health in recent years, there has been a clear tendency towards an increase in the number of patients with pathology of puberty. The low level of somatic and reproductive health before pregnancy causes a high incidence of complicated labors, which leads to a deterioration in the development of subsequent generations.The purpose of the study. To provide clinical characteristics of women who had menstrual dysfunction in puberty, which were based on the study of clinical and anamnestic data, laboratory and instrumental research methods, analysis of risk factors, clinical course, treatment effectiveness and dispensary observation.Materials and methods. According to the nature of the disfunctions, the main group of women (n = 210) who had menstrual disorders in puberty was divided into 3 subgroups (n = 70): the first - women with primary oligomenorrhea and timely average menarche, the second - with late menarche, the third - with pubertal bleeding. The control group included women (n = 70) with the correct rhythm of menstruation in puberty.Results. The clinical prospective study analyzed the social status of women with reproductive dysfunction in puberty, the frequency and structure of existing concomitant somatic diseases, the duration of the menstrual cycle, the nature of diseases of the female genital organs; the assessment of the comprehensive treatment of revealed disorders, which allowed to obtain a favorable reproductive prognosis. The majority of surveyed women (53.3%) planned a pregnancy, which occurred in 75.9% from among of planning ones.Conclusions. The conduction of clinical and anamnestic analysis of the reproductive function of women with menstrual dysfunction in puberty will increase the effectiveness of the treatment of identified disorders and will allow developing algorithms for management of such women during planning and during pregnancy.

scholarly journals Increased basal and pulsatile secretion of FSH and LH in young men with 47,XXY or 46,XX karyotypes.

2008 ◽  
Vol 158 (6) ◽  
pp. 803-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lise Aksglaede ◽  
Rikke Beck Jensen ◽  
Elisabeth Carlsen ◽  
Petra Kok ◽  
Daniel M Keenan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hormonal Regulation ◽  
Klinefelter Syndrome ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Approximate Entropy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Hormones ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
X Chromosomes ◽  
Functional Changes

ObjectiveThe regulation of normal sexual maturation and reproductive function is dependent on a precise hormonal regulation at hypothalamic, pituitary, and gonadal levels. The aim of this study was to investigate the neuroendocrine integrity of the pituitary–gonadal axis in patients with primary testicular failure due to supernumerary X chromosomes.DesignCross-sectional study.MethodsIn this study, 7 untreated patients with primary gonadal insufficiency due to SRY-positive 46,XX (n=4) and 46,XXY karyotypes (n=3) aged 18.8 years and 25 age-matched healthy controls participated. Reproductive hormones, testicular size, and overnight LH and FSH serum profiles and overnight urine LH and FSH excretion were determined.ResultsBasal LH and FSH secretion was elevated 6.3- and 25.4-fold respectively in the patients and the amount of LH and FSH secreted per burst were 2.0- and 6.6-fold elevated. We found significantly more LH but not FSH peaks per 24 h, as estimated by the Weibullλanalysis. There was no difference between approximate entropy ratios or Weibullγanalyses indicating comparable orderliness and regularity of LH and FSH secretion. Overnight urinary LH and FSH excretion was significantly elevated in patients compared with controls and correlated significantly with calculated total overnight LH and FSH secretion respectively, thus validating deconvolution.ConclusionIn this group of patients with severe hypergonadotropic hypogonadism due to a supernumerary X chromosome, higher basal, pulsatile, and total LH and FSH secretion were associated with significantly more LH peaks per 24 h in comparison with healthy controls. Thus, our data indicate that in patients with Klinefelter syndrome and XX male karyotypes the entire hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis has undergone functional changes.

Damaging effects of polychlorinated biphenyls on chicken primordial germ cells

2002 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changge Fang ◽  
Caiqiao Zhang ◽  
Guoliang Xia ◽  
Wei Yang
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Oestrogen Receptor ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyl ◽  
Primordial Germ Cells ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Complete Disappearance ◽  
Histomorphological Changes ◽  
Damaging Effects

This work describes the effects of a commercial polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) mixture, Aroclor 1254, as well as 17β-oestradiol (E2) and testosterone on numbers and histomorphological changes of primordial germ cells (PGCs) in gonadal regions of Day 5 Hyline chicken embryos. The oestrogen receptor antagonist, clomiphen, alone or with PCBs was used in an attempt to protect the developing gonad from oestrogen-like effects of chemical PCBs. The results were as follows: (i) PCBs delayed embryonic development independently of dose (1�µg/eggP<0.05; 10 µg/eggP<0.01; 100 µg/eggP<0.001 v. the control) and caused a dose-independent increase in mortality compared with the control group (10 µg/egg P<0.01; 100 µg/eggP<0.05); maximal mortality was observed in the 1 µg/eggP<0.001); (ii) PCBs decreased PGC numbers dose dependently (P<0.001) and caused a swollen nucleus with hyperchromatism (pyknosis) or cytoplasm vacuolation as signs of gonadal PGC degeneration in all PCB groups, or even complete disappearance in the 100 µg/eggiii) after PCB treatment, the index of gonadal lesion increased significantly with the decrease of gonadal PGC number (1, 10 and 100 µg/eggP<0.001); (iv) there were no observed effects of E2, testosterone and clomiphen on PGCs in the experiments; and (v) clomiphen failed to block the damaging effects of PCBs. These results suggest that the adverse effects of PCBs on chicken gonadal and germ cell development were initiated during the early stages of incubation through direct toxic effects, rather than through oestrogen-mimicking actions. As PGC numbers in the gonads decrease and the index of gonadal lesion increases, one may expect reproductive function to be compromised.

Morphological Peculiarities Of The Spleen In Normality And With The Influence Of A Gene-Modified Product In Experiment

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (04) ◽  
pp. 26-30
Author(s):  
Dilnoza Akhrorovna Khasanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Peripheral Organ ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Organ Tissue ◽  
And Function

In the presented article, the features of the structure and function, morphological and morphometric parameters of the main structures of the spleen, which belongs to the peripheral organ of the immune system, are studied, the patterns of development of this organ at the stages of postnatal ontogenesis are revealed. The article analyzes the data of domestic and foreign literature on the influence of environmental factors on structural changes in the spleen at the organ, tissue and cellular levels. Further study of the spleen will make it possible to identify and analyze the patterns of their structural and functional changes when exposed to a genetically modified product (soybeans).

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE TO TOBACCO ON MODULATION OF COLOR VISION

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 211-224
Author(s):  
Mariana Nunes Fabricio ◽  
Bruna Sthefanny Da Cunha Ferreira ◽  
Helena Beatriz Moura Martins ◽  
Ruan Carlos Silva de Jesus ◽  
Mauro César De Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Visual System ◽  
Color Vision ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Test Version ◽  
Psychophysical Evaluation ◽  
Oxidative Effects

The chronic use of cigarettes causes toxic and oxidative effects on the visual system, which can cause changes in color vision. Although there are studies on the harmful effects of tobacco in active smokers, the literature on secondhand/passive smokers (or environmental tobacco smoke) is still scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the ability of color vision in active and passive smokers. This is a cross-sectional observational study in which 103 individuals were divided pseudorandomly into 3 groups: control group (CG) n = 44 individuals (72 eyes), with a mean age of 28.65 ± 7.90; group of passive smokers (GPS) n = 28 (56 eyes), mean age 28.74 ± 9.42; group of active smokers (GAS) n = 31 (60 eyes), mean age 34.91 ± 11.30. The psychophysical evaluation of color vision was performed using the Ishihara pseudoisochromatic plates, the computer program of the Freiburg Visual Acuity & Contrast Test, version 3.7, and the desaturated Lanthony D15 ordering test. The results indicate that there was no correlation in GAS and GPS with age, time of exposure to tobacco and daily consumption. It was observed that both GAS and GPS showed changes in visual acuity (P <0.05), and only GPS showed changes in color vision (P <0.05); GFP showed a deficit in visual acuity and worse color vision when compared to GAS (P <0.05). These results are discussed in relation to the biochemical and pathophysiological effects that exposure to cigarettes may have on the visual system, which would explain the functional changes observed. We conclude that passive and active smokers have impaired color vision and that the psychophysical methods used in this study are effective for the subclinical tracking of changes in color vision.

scholarly journals Effects of a Novel Fish Transport System on the Health of Adult Fall Chinook Salmon

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 347-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Geist ◽  
Alison H. Colotelo ◽  
Timothy J. Linley ◽  
Katie A. Wagner ◽  
Ann L. Miracle
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Fish Passage ◽  
Adult Survival ◽  
System Response ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Egg Survival

Abstract Movement past hydroelectric dams and related in-river structures has important implications for habitat connectivity and population persistence in migratory fish. A major problem is that many of these structures lack effective fish passage facilities, which can fragment spawning and rearing areas and negatively impact recruitment. While traditional fish passage facilities (e.g., ladders, trap and haul) can effectively enable fish to pass over barriers, their capital or operational costs can be significant. We evaluated the utility of a novel transport device that utilizes a flexible tube with differential internal air pressure to pass fish around in-river barriers. We apportioned a total of 147 adult fall Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) nearing maturation to three treatments and a control group. In two of the treatments, adult fall Chinook salmon were transported through the device via two lengths of tube (12 or 77 m) and we compared their injury, stress, and immune system responses and reproductive function to a third treatment where fish were moved by a standard trap-and-haul method and also to a control group. We observed no significant differences among the treatment or control groups in posttreatment adult survival, injury, or stress. Indicators of immune system response and reproductive readiness were also not significantly different among the four groups. Egg survival was significantly different among the groups, with the highest survival in the eggs from females transported 77 m and lowest in the control group; the differences were highly variable within groups and not consistent with the duration of treatment or degree of handling. Taken together, the results suggest the device did not injure or alter normal physiological functioning of adult fall Chinook salmon nearing maturation and may provide an effective method for transporting such fish around in-river barriers during their spawning migration.

The effects of Cyclosporin-A (CYA) on the Ultrastructure of Gingival Mast Cells (GMC) in Behcet's disease (BD)

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 358-359
Author(s):  
Oktay Arda ◽  
Ulkü Noyan ◽  
Selgçk Yilmaz ◽  
Mustafa Taşyürekli ◽  
İsmail Seçkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Gingival Hyperplasia ◽  
Cellular Activity ◽  
Direct Relation ◽  
Immune Disease ◽  
Genital Ulceration ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
The Third

Turkish dermatologist, H. Beheet described the disease as recurrent triad of iritis, oral aphthous lesions and genital ulceration. Auto immune disease is the recent focus on the unknown etiology which is still being discussed. Among the other immunosupressive drugs, CyA included in it's treatment newly. One of the important side effects of this drug is gingival hyperplasia which has a direct relation with the presence of teeth and periodontal tissue. We are interested in the ultrastructure of immunocompetent target cells that were affected by CyA in BD.Three groups arranged in each having 5 patients with BD. Control group was the first and didn’t have CyA treatment. Patients who had CyA, but didn’t show gingival hyperplasia assembled the second group. The ones displaying gingival hyperplasia following CyA therapy formed the third group. GMC of control group and their granules are shown in FIG. 1,2,3. GMC of the second group presented initiation of supplementary cellular activity and possible maturing functional changes with the signs of increased number of mitochondria and accumulation of numerous dense cored granules next to few normal ones, FIG. 4,5,6.

ADOLESCENT BEHAVIOR IN UNWANTED PREGNANCY PREVENTION

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Arip Ambulan Panjaitan
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Risky Sexual Behavior ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Adolescent Behavior ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Adolescent are at high risk of unwanted pragnency, including abortion, STIs, HIV/AIDS. Risky sexual behavior is one of the entrance transmissions of unwanted pregnancy. Such behavior can be influenced by various factors, beyond and within the individual factors. Teens need the support and motivation in deciding not to do risky sexual behavior. The purpose of this study was to investigate the determinants of adolescent behavior in the prevention of unwanted pregnancy.Methods: This research used cross-sectional design. The populations were students of senior high school in District Sintang. The were 123 respondents chosen by cluster sampling technique for this study. All data were collected using questionnaires and then analysed using bivariate (chi square) and multivariate analysis (logistic regression).Results: The results showed that the majority of respondents did not have good knowledge about the prevention of unwanted pregnancy. Related variable is the level of parental education (p=0.001), the support of parents/guardians (p=0.009), support teachers (p=0.005), peer support (p=0.039), residency (p=0.009), a pastime activity (p=0.000), knowledge of adolescents about reproductive health (p=0.016), perception ability of adolescents (p=0.006) and attitude of adolescents (p=0.049). Adolescent self-perception abilities are variables that most influence on the behavior of adolescents in the prevention of unwanted pregnancy.Conclusions: Efforts to improve reproductive health programs should be early and adolescent have responsibilities as well as healthy behaviors.

DYSLIPIDEMIA IN THYROID DISORDERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kashish Narula ◽  
Narendra Kumar Dara ◽  
Shyam Lal Meena
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Carbohydrate And Lipid Metabolism ◽  
History Of ◽  
Thyroid Profile ◽  
Basal Energy Expenditure

Background: Thyroid hormones influence nearly all major metabolic pathways. Their most obvious and well-known action is the increase in basal energy expenditure obtained by acting on protein, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. The lipid metabolism is more influenced by the thyroid hormone. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 patients with suspicion of thyroid disorders were taken as cases. One hundred patients with normal thyroid profile and no history of other chronic diseases were taken as control group. Results: The serum TC, TG and LDL levels in hypothyroid individuals (both overt and subclinical) were significantly higher than euthyroid subjects but the levels were comparable between hyperthyroid and euthyroid group. Conclusion: Dyslipidemias are associated with thyroid disorders, so biochemical screening for thyroid dysfunction in all dyslipidemic patients. Therefore, patients presenting with dyslipidemia are recommended for investigation to explore thyroid dysfunction. Keywords: Thyroid profile, Total cholesterol, Triglycerides and LDL

ASSESSMENT OF CORRELATION BETWEEN LEUKODERMA AND PSYCHIATRIC ILLNESS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Mukesh Batra
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Study Participant ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Duration Of Disease ◽  
Illness Anxiety

Background: Leukoderma is an acquired disease of pigmentation which is presented by depigmented areas of different shape and sizes on the skin. In various researches it was reported that these defects in melanocytes occurred due to autoimmune pathway or the complex causation of oxidative stress and genetics. Material & Methods: In the present cross‑sectional prospective study 100 patients who were diagnosed with Leukoderma and controls who were not having depigmentation of skin and without any known clinical disease were enrolled for present study by simple random sampling. Written informed consent was taken from each study participant. Clearance from institutional ethical committee was also taken prior to the study. Results: The prevalence of psychiatric illness among leukoderma group was 22% and among 78% patients we did not found any psychiatric illness. The most common symptom was depression which was present among 22% of patients with Leukoderma and 18% patients with Leukoderma had anxiety symptoms. Among the control group depression was present in 5 % subjects and anxiety symptoms were present in 7% of subjects. The mean WHO-Quality of life scores was low among Leukoderma group in relation to the control group (p value <0.05). On correlation with psychiatric illness, observations were statistically non-significant (p > 0.05) with HAMA-A and HAMA- D. The observations were statistically significant (p < 0.05) with GHQ total and BSA score. Conclusion:  Higher prevalence of psychitric morbidity among patients with leukoderma and it was found associated with duration of disease and BSA scores. The most common symptom was depression which was followed by anxiety symptoms. Key words: Leukoderma, psychiatric illness, anxiety, depression.

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