scholarly journals Ultrasound imaging for measuring muscle and subcutaneous fat tissue thickness of the anterior thigh: A two-year longitudinal study in middle age

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Filippo Mechelli
Keyword(s):  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Thigh Muscle ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Anterior Thigh ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Healthy Cohort ◽  
Morphology And Morphometry

Background Ultrasound (US) imaging technique is widely used in research and clinical settings to assess the morphology and morphometry of neuromusculoskeletal structures. The technique has reported validity and reliability in measuring the size of various muscles under controlled conditions. The aim of the present study was to assess anterior thigh thickness using US imaging, in a healthy cohort of middle-aged older adults.Methods Participants included seventeen healthy older adults involved in regular moderate-vigorous activities (age range 39-66 years). US imaging scans of the anterior thighs two years since baseline measurements were performed. Images were analyzed off-line to compare US imaging measurements of muscle thickness and subcutaneous fat (SF) of the anterior thigh taken at baseline and after two years.Results There was no significant difference between muscle thickness measurements taken at baseline and after two years (Mean, standard deviation; baseline=2.80±0.71cm; follow-up=2.77±0.72cm, p=0.33). There was also no significant change in SF thickness (baseline=1.04±0.41cm; follow-up=1.06±0.40, p=0.33).Conclusions The results show there was no decline in anterior thigh muscle thickness or increase in SF in the healthy cohort studied using US imaging over a two-year period. These findings demonstrate the robustness of US imaging measurements over time.

scholarly journals Komparasi Pelaksanaan Supervisi Akademik Kepala Sekolah di SMKN 1 Padang Gelugur dengan SMKN 1 Rao Selatan

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-242
Author(s):  
Vovi Tridian Ulfah ◽  
Yulianto Santoso ◽  
Yulianto Santoso ◽  
Rifma Rifma ◽  
Ermita Ermita
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
T Test ◽  
Teacher Professionalism ◽  
Learning Activity ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Learning Evaluation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference

Academic Supervision is a series of activities to assist in developing teacher professionalism in the implementation of learning with students carried out by leaders in schools, namely the principal. Academic supervision activities are carried out to help teachers improve learning activity planning, learning implementation, learning evaluation, and learning device preparation. This study aims to determine the implementation of the principal's academic supervision and see whether there is a significant difference in the implementation of the principal's academic supervision at SMKN 1 Padang Gelugur with SMKN 1 Rao selatan. This type of research is comparative descriptive and data collection is done by distributing questionnaires that have been tested for their validity and reliability. Before the data were analyzed, the data had been tested for normality and homogeneity and then performed the t-test to determine the difference value. Acquisition of data analysis is 1) academic supervision planning obtained 82.27% with the effective category. 2) the implementation of academic supervision obtained 79.34 in the quite effective category. 3) feedback and follow-up from the results of academic supervision obtained 75.2% including in the quite effective category. After testing the hypothesis using the SPSS application, namely the t-test, the result was that there was a difference in the implementation of the principal's academic supervision at SMKN 1 Padang Gelugur and SMKN 1 Rao Selatan because t count (2.154) <from t table (2.66). Based on the research results, the implementation of the principal's academic supervision at SMKN 1 Padang Gelugur was 1.08% more effective than SMKN 1 Rao Selatan.

scholarly journals Validity of Ultrasound Imaging Versus Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Measuring Anterior Thigh Muscle, Subcutaneous Fat, and Fascia Thickness

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mechelli ◽  
Arendt-Nielsen ◽  
Stokes ◽  
Agyapong-Badu
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Thickness Measurement ◽  
Thigh Muscle ◽  
Poor Correlation ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Anterior Thigh ◽  
Mri Measurements ◽  
Contractile Tissue

The aim of the present study was to determine the validity of ultrasound (US) imaging versus magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for measuring anterior thigh muscle, subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), and fascia thickness. Twenty healthy, moderately active participants (aged 49.1 ± 9.74 [36–64] years), underwent imaging of the anterior thigh, using ultrasound and MRI modalities on the same day. Images were analyzed offline to assess the level of agreement between US and MRI measurements. Pearson’s correlation coefficient showed an excellent relationship between US imaging and MRI for measuring muscle (r = 0.99, p < 0.01), SAT (r = 0.99, p < 0.01), and non-contractile tissue (SAT combined with perimuscular fascia) thickness (r = 0.99, p < 0.01). Perimuscular fascia thickness measurement showed a poor correlation between modalities (r = 0.39, p < 0.01). Intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC3,1) also showed excellent correlation of the measurements with ICC = 0.99 for muscle thickness, SAT, and non-contractile tissue, but not for perimuscular fascia, which showed poor agreement ICC = 0.36. Bland and Altman plots demonstrated excellent agreement between US imaging and MRI measurements. Criterion validity was demonstrated for US imaging against MRI, for measuring thickness of muscle and SAT, but not perimuscular fascia alone on the anterior thigh. The US imaging technique is therefore applicable for research and clinical purposes for muscle and SAT.

scholarly journals MRI and CT Assessment of Abdominal Tissue Composition in Patients After High-Intensity Focused Electromagnetic Therapy Treatments: One-Year Follow-Up

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (12) ◽  
pp. NP686-NP693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian M Kinney ◽  
David E Kent
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Abdominal Muscle ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Diastasis Recti

Abstract Background Several studies investigating high-intensity focused electromagnetic (HIFEM) treatments have recently been published. However, due to the novelty of the procedure, long-term data are still missing. Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in abdominal tissues on average 1 year after a series of HIFEM treatments, to determine the long-term durability of patients’ original body responses. Methods Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) scanning were performed on 21 patients a mean of 332.6 [88.5] days after their original HIFEM treatment series. The scans were evaluated by a blinded radiologist for abdominal muscle thickness, subcutaneous fat changes, and abdominal separation. The results were compared with the MRI/CT-assisted measurements taken at baseline and 6-week follow-up. Correlations between collected data sets were calculated and tested. The incidence of any adverse events related to earlier treatments was monitored. Results When comparing the 1-year follow-up measurements with the baseline, the MRI/CT-assisted calculations revealed mean reductions of 14.63% (2.97 [2.11] mm) in fat, 19.05% (1.89 [0.88] mm) in muscle thickening, and 10.46% (1.96 [1.71] mm) in diastasis recti. All changes were significant (P &lt; 0.05) and not related to weight fluctuations (P &gt; 0.05). The baseline width of diastasis positively correlated with the degree of improvement at follow-up. No adverse events were reported. Conclusion The HIFEM-induced muscle hypertrophy, fat reduction, and reduction in abdominal separation were maintained 1-year posttreatment. This suggests long-term durability of the original bodily response, which needs to be verified by continuing follow-up of this group and by further studies. Level of Evidence: 4

scholarly journals Body Composition by CT vs. DXA: Long-Term Prediction of Mortality in the Health Health ABC Cohort

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 239-239
Author(s):  
Samaneh Farsijani ◽  
Lingshu Xue ◽  
Robert Boudreau ◽  
Adam Santanasto ◽  
Stephen Kritchevsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Thigh Muscle ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Muscle Density ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

Abstract Background: Early work in the Health ABC cohort found that strength, but not muscle size predicted mortality. Recent literature suggests that body composition by computerized tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) predicts adverse health outcomes in diverse populations, but has not been directly compared to dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) for predicting mortality. Objective: With long term follow-up, we reexamined body composition and mortality in Health ABC, comparing DXA and CT measures of muscle and fat. Methods: The Health ABC study assessed body composition in 2911 older adults (age 73.6±2.9 years) in 1996-97. Mid-thigh CTs were read for muscle area, inter-muscular, subcutaneous-fat areas and muscle density (HU). DXAs were read for whole body fat mass and appendicular lean mass (ALM). Mortality was assessed every 6-months through 2014 (maximum 17.4 years). Cox proportional hazards models, adjusting for age, sex, race, height, weight, physical activity, smoking and comorbidities were used to assess mortality risk. Results: Strong correlations were observed between mid-thigh muscle and subcutaneous fat areas by CT and leg lean and fat mass by DXA (P&lt;0.05). Lower mortality rates, per SD, were associated with higher CT muscle area (HR-men=0.76 [95%CI: 0.68-0.86]; HR-women=0.84 [0.75-0.94]), muscle density (HR-men=0.86 [0.79-0.93]; HR-women=0.89 [0.81-0.97]) and higher subcutaneous-fat (HR-men=0.90 [0.81-0.99]; HR-women=0.87 [0.77-0.98]), adjusting for covariates. Similarly for DXA, greater ALM (HR-men=0.56 [0.44-0.71]; HR-women=0.77 [0.59-1.01]) and higher total fat mass (HR-men=0.53 [0.40-0.72]; HR-women=0.58 [0.37-0.90]) were associated with lower risk of death. Conclusion: With long term follow-up, both CT and DXA assessments of body composition predicted all-cause mortality risk.

Relationship between Thyroglobulin and Tumor Detectabilily with Thallium-201 in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer

2000 ◽  
Vol 39 (01) ◽  
pp. 10-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. Müller ◽  
Ch. Reiners ◽  
A. Bockisch ◽  
Katja Brandt-Mainz
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Differentiated Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Tsh Suppression ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Test Specificity ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Tumor Scintigraphy ◽  
Tsh Stimulation

Summary Aim: Tumor scintigraphy with 201-TICI is an established diagnostic method in the follow-up of differentiated thyroid cancer. We investigated the relationship between thyroglobulin (Tg) level and tumor detectability. Subject and methods: We analyzed the scans of 122 patients (66 patients with proven tumor). The patient population was divided into groups with Tg above (N = 33) and below (N = 33) 5 ng/ml under TSH suppression or above (N = 33) and below (N = 33) 50 ng/ml under TSH stimulation. Tumor detectability was compared by ROC-analysis (True-Positive-Fraction test, specificity 90%). Results: There was no significant difference (sensitivity 75% versus 64%; p = 0.55) for patients above and below 5 ng/ml under TSH suppression and a just significant difference (sensitivity 80% versus 58%; p = 0.04) for patients above and below 50 ng/ml under TSH stimulation. In 18 patients from our sample with tumor, Tg under TSH suppression was negative, but 201-TICI-scan was able to detect tumor in 12 patients. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate only a moderate dependence of tumor detectability on Tg level, probably without significant clinical relevance. Even in patients with slight Tg elevation 201-TICI scintigraphy is justified.

Melatih Kepemimpinan Perangkat Desa Kebonharjo Kulonprogo: Membangun Sikap Anti Korupsi

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Adi Heryadi ◽  
Evianawati Evianawati
Keyword(s):  
Transformational Leadership ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Sample Test ◽  
Corruption Perception ◽  
Measuring Tool

This study aims to prove whether transformational leadership training is effective for building anti-corruption attitudes of villages in Kebonharjo village, subdistrict Samigaluh Kulonprogo. This research is an experimental research with one group pre and posttest design.Subject design is 17 people from village of 21 candidates registered. Measuring tool used in this research is the scale of anti-corruption perception made by the researcher referring to the 9 anti-corruption values with the value of reliability coefficient of 0.871. The module used as an intervention made by the researcher refers to the transformational leadership dimension (Bass, 1990). The data collected is analyzed by statistical analysis of different test Paired Sample Test. Initial data collection results obtained sign value of 0.770 which means> 0.05 or no significant difference between anti-corruption perception score between before and after training. After a period of less than 1 (one) month then conducted again the measurement of follow-up of the study subjects in the measurement again using the scale of anti-corruption perception. The results of the second data collection were analysed with Paired Samples Test and obtained the value of 0.623 sign meaning p> 0.05 or no significant difference between post test data with follow-up data so that the hypothesis of this study was rejected.

SUBLINGUAL VITAMIN D3 DRUG THERAPY IN VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY PATIENTS AT PRAVARA RURAL HOSPITAL

2019 ◽  
pp. 18-20
Author(s):  
Sanjeeva Kumar Goud T ◽  
Rahul Kunkulol
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Serum Vitamin D ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After

The present study was aimed to study the effect of Sublingual Vitamin D3 on Serum Vitamin D level in Vitamin D deficiency patients. This was a cross-sectional and interventional study. All the Vitamin D deficiency patients of age 18-60years and either gender, willing to participate in the study were included. Patients who had greater than 20 ng/ml were excluded from the study. The total number of participants in our study was 200, out of these 111 males and 89 females, the mean age in our study was 51.07 ± 7.39Yrs. All volunteers were given sublingual vitamin D3 (60,000IU) in six doses every fifteen days of follow up for 3 months. The subject’s serum 25(OH)D levels were estimated before and after the treatment of sublingual vitamin D3. There was a statistically significant difference in serum vitamin D3 level before 16.61±6.71 ng/ml and after 35.80±7.80 ng/ml after treatment with Sublingual Vitamin D3. Six doses of 60,000IU of Vitamin D3 sublingual route having improved the role of serum 25(OH)D levels in the treatment of Vitamin D3 deficiency patients.Keywords: Vitamin D3; Sublingual route

Restaging of patients with lymphoma

2008 ◽  
Vol 47 (01) ◽  
pp. 37-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Pfluger ◽  
V. Schneider ◽  
M. Hacker ◽  
N. Bröckel ◽  
D. Morhard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Non Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
18F Fdg ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct

SummaryAim: Assessment of the clinical benefit of i.v. contrast enhanced diagnostic CT (CE-CT) compared to low dose CT with 20 mAs (LD-CT) without contrast medium in combined [18F]-FDG PET/CT examinations in restaging of patients with lymphoma. Patients, methods: 45 patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (n = 35) and Hodgkin's disease (n = 10) were included into this study. PET, LD-CT and CECT were analyzed separately as well as side-by-side. Lymphoma involvement was evaluated separately for seven regions. Indeterminate diagnoses were accepted whenever there was a discrepancy between PET and CT findings. Results for combined reading were calculated by rating indeterminate diagnoses according the suggestions of either CT or PET. Each patient had a clinical follow-up evaluation for >6 months. Results: Region-based evaluation suggested a sensitivity/specificity of 66/93% for LD-CT, 87%/91% for CE-CT, 95%/96% for PET, 94%/99% for PET/LD-CT and 96%/99% for PET/CE-CT. The data for PET/CT were obtained by rating indeterminate results according to the suggestions of PET, which turned out to be superior to CT. Lymphoma staging was changed in two patients using PET/ CE-CT as compared to PET/LD-CT. Conclusion: Overall, there was no significant difference between PET/LD-CT and PET/CE-CT. However, PET/CE-CT yielded a more precise lesion delineation than PET/LD-CT. This was due to the improved image quality of CE-CT and might lead to a more accurate investigation of lymphoma.

Effects of background substraction on differential kidney function measured by static scintigraphy with DMSA and dynamic scintigraphy with MAG 3

2008 ◽  
Vol 47 (01) ◽  
pp. 43-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Smokvina ◽  
S. Grbac Ivanković ◽  
V. Licul ◽  
N. Girotto
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Function ◽  
Background Subtraction ◽  
Background Activity ◽  
Ratio Method ◽  
Uptake Ratio ◽  
Kidney Size ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Laboratory Changes ◽  
Dynamic Scintigraphy

SummaryThe aim of this study was to assess the influence of background subtraction (BS) on estimation of differential kidney function (DF) on the static scintigraphy with 99mTc dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) and dynamic scintigraphy with 99mTc mercaptoacetyltriglicine (MAG3) and to establish possible differences between DF values estimated with these methods. Patients, methods: Patients (n = 106) were selected among those scheduled to static and dynamic scintigraphies within 3 months, with no interim clinical and laboratory changes, regardless the kidney pathology. DF was estimated according to the uptake ratio method. Four background regions of interest (ROIs) were applied, identical for both studies, and DF values were recalculated after BS. The corrected values were compared to the values before correction, separately for DMSA and MAG3, and between the studies. The results showed that ROIs used introduce variable results for the same patients, predominantly when noncorrected DF values were <45%. There were no significant differences between DF values (corrected and noncorrected) obtained from static and dynamic scintigraphy in all groups of patients. Since numerous reasons can bring to the errors in DF estimation when BS is used, the conclusions are that it would probably be more accurate to avoid BS, particularly when DF values are compared in a patient follow-up, and when kidney function is normal. BS should be used, but always in the same way, only when there is a significant difference in kidney size, or when DF is <25%, since background activity is then considerable. MAG3 and DMSA can be equally used for DF estimation and their results compared in patient follow-up.

Determination of Spreading Motive Levels of Elite Hearing-impaired Sportsmen

2019 ◽  
pp. 39-55
Author(s):  
Osman Kusan ◽  
Hasan Erdem Mumcu ◽  
Abdulkerim Çeviker ◽  
Ömer Zambak ◽  
Onur Öztürk
Keyword(s):  
Educational Status ◽  
Hearing Impaired ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
Internal Motivation ◽  
National Team ◽  
Older Athletes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Age Range

This study was conducted to investigate the sub-scales of sports instructions of elite athletes with hearing impairment or hearing loss due to different reasons. A total of 173 hearing-impaired athletes constituted of 54 female and 119 male athletes who are active national team athletes in the age range of 15-25 years. The study was conducted based on Self Determination Theory of Deci and Ryan [9] and on the developed Sports Motivation Scale, Pelletier et al. [24] Kazak [18] applied the validity and reliability of the scale for Turkish athletes. Accordingly, since the p_values calculated for the inner motivation sub-scale and its sub-scales are less than the value of α = .05 which is taken as the level of significance, there is a statistically significant difference in the average scores of the hearing-impaired athletes in their internal motivations and sub-scales. According to gender and educational status, there was no difference in the motivation of the hearing-impaired athletes. According to the age variable, it was seen that older athletes had more external connections. Considering the general motivation scores, the athletes in tennis and swimming were less motivated than others. Elite hearing-impaired athletes are affected by both internal and external impulses. However, internal motivation scores are higher than the external. Internal motivation scores are seen as the lowest in the branch swimming area.

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