scholarly journals Knowledge, perception and attitude of under-graduate and post-graduate medical students about antimicrobial use, resistance and stewardship at a tertiary care teaching hospital in rural Telangana, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 193
Author(s):  
Jayaram Chundru ◽  
Shailendra D. ◽  
Rahul R. Tirumalareddy ◽  
Harsha Kumari ◽  
Vishal P. Kovilakonda
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Antimicrobial Use ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Inappropriate antimicrobial use contributes to antimicrobial resistance. Assessing knowledge, perception and attitude regarding antimicrobial use serves as a prelude to design and implement educational modules to promote rational antimicrobial use.Methods: An online questionnaire based cross-sectional study involving 338 medical students; under-graduates, interns and post-graduates was conducted in a medical college in south India. Chi-square test or Fisher exact test were used to determine association between variables.Results: Fifty percent of the participants (170/338) responded to the questionnaire. The responses were similar across undergraduates, interns and post-graduates. Majority of the responders had good knowledge regarding use of antimicrobials. Most of the participants (92.35%) expressed that a broad-spectrum antimicrobial should be started to treat a serious infection while awaiting culture and sensitivity reports and 88.82% did not prefer to use antimicrobial agents for common cold. Similarly, most of the respondents (93.56%) were aware of the fact that antimicrobial resistance is a global problem. However, many of them (74.71%) were not aware of antimicrobial stewardship programme in their college.Conclusions: This study revealed that most of the students had good knowledge, fair perception and positive attitude regarding the use of, and resistance to antimicrobial agents but not about stewardship programmes. Proactive measures are required to sensitise medical students on antimicrobial stewardship programmes.

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude and perception on antimicrobial use and antimicrobial resistance among final year medical students in the College of Medicine, Malawi

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 120-123
Author(s):  
Alfred Kamoto
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Medical Curriculum ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Antimicrobial Use ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Population Sampling ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Attitudes And Perceptions

BackgroundMedical curricula need to provide adequate knowledge on antimicrobial medicine use and antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Such knowledge is critical in shaping correct attitudes and perceptions among future prescribers. However, the extent of preparation provided by medical curricula remains unknown.AimThe current study sought to determine knowledge, attitude and perception on antimicrobial use and AMR among final year medical students in Malawi.MethodsA descriptive cross-sectional study was undertaken among all final year medical students at the College of Medicine, University of Malawi in 2016. Total population sampling and self-administered questionnaires were used. Data were entered using Microsoft Excel and analysed with Epi info. Descriptive analysis for categorical data was done using frequencies and proportions, and for continuous data using measures of central tendency.ResultsThe response rate in this study was 95%. The mean and median aggregated scores were 7.2 and 7, respectively, for the 11 knowledge questions. Over 88% of the respondents answered more than half of the knowledge questions correctly. Respondents agreed that antimicrobials are overused both at national (50; 69%) and at hospital (52; 72%) levels.ConclusionThis study reports high aggregated knowledge scores on antimicrobial use and resistance with wide variations on correct knowledge scores per question. The study further shows varying level in attitudes and perceptions among medical students. Overall, there were gaps on antimicrobial use and knowledge of AMR which the medical curriculum should addresses.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Stewardship Programmes in Saudi Hospitals: Evidence from a National Survey

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saleh Alghamdi ◽  
Ilhem Berrou ◽  
Zoe Aslanpour ◽  
Alaa Mutlaq ◽  
Abdul Haseeb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
National Level ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Healthcare Facilities

Saudi hospitals and healthcare facilities are facing increasing rates of antimicrobial resistance and the emergence of new multi-drug resistant strains. This is placing an unprecedented threat to successful treatments and outcomes of patients accessing those facilities. The inappropriate use of antimicrobials is fueling this crisis, warranting urgent implementation of interventions to preserve antimicrobials and reduce resistance rates. Antimicrobial stewardship programmes (ASPs) can improve antimicrobial use, treatment success rates and reduce the levels of antimicrobial resistance. The Saudi Ministry of Health (MOH) devised a national antimicrobial stewardship plan to implement ASPs in hospitals, but little is known about the progress of implementation and the factors affecting it. This study aims to assess the level and the factors affecting the adoption and implementation of ASPs in Saudi hospitals at a national level. A nationwide cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2017 using an online questionnaire sent to all MOH hospitals. Overall, 147 out 247 MOH hospitals responded to the survey (54%). Only 26% of the hospitals reported the implementation of ASPs. Hospitals lack the knowledge, technological and staff resources to adopt and implement ASPs. Alternative models of ASP adoption could be explored to improve the rates of implementation of ASPs.

scholarly journals Knowledge of Antimicrobial Resistance among Veterinary Students and Their Personal Antibiotic Use Practices: A National Cross-Sectional Survey

Antibiotics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismail A. Odetokun ◽  
Uduak Akpabio ◽  
Nma B. Alhaji ◽  
Khalid T. Biobaku ◽  
Nurudeen O. Oloso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Antibiotic Usage ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Antimicrobial Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Veterinary Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Contributory Factors

The challenge of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is grave in developing countries. Antimicrobials are misused yet stakeholders’ contribution to antimicrobial stewardship is low. Veterinary students are future prescribers and their knowledge could influence progress in combating AMR; hence, there is a need to assess their knowledge, attitude, and awareness of AMR. A multi-institutional questionnaire was administered to undergraduates in Nigerian veterinary schools. It comprised demographics, own personal antibiotic usage, and knowledge, attitude, and awareness of AMR in humans and animals. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used for analyses. Of the 426 respondents, 39.2% reported personal antimicrobial use in the previous six months. Over 60% received knowledge scores lower than average and >87% requested more education on clinical use and prescriptions pre-graduation, monitored dispensing of antimicrobials, conducting AMR research, and confirmed link among human, animal, and environmental health. Less than 25% of respondents were aware of antimicrobial stewardship and global efforts/organizations for AMR. Final year students have 9-fold and 14-fold more satisfactory knowledge on antimicrobials in humans and animals compared with other students, respectively (p = 0.001). Final year students also have more knowledge (13×) and awareness of contributory factors (3×) on AMR (p = 0.001) than other students. Unsatisfactory knowledge on AMR issues exists among veterinary students yet willingness to improve was observed. Identified knowledge, attitude, and gaps in AMR awareness should be targeted by veterinary schools in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude and practices about antimicrobial resistance and appropriate use of antimicrobial agents among the MBBS students of a medical college hospital in Eastern India

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhishek Ghosh ◽  
Snehasish Das ◽  
Raju Dasgupta
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Regular Education ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Eastern India ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Rational Antibiotic Use

Background: Antimicrobial agents are one of the most commonly used as well as misused drugs. Rational antibiotic use is thought to be the best way to control resistance. Awareness and practice about antimicrobial use and resistance among medical students of different years so that appropriate measures can be taken to educate them properly to prevent misuse of antimicrobial as far as possible.Methods: It was a cross sectional questionnaire-based study undertaken in a teaching hospital in Eastern India among 328 medical students in 4 different batches. their responses remained confidential. total correct and incorrect responses from each of the 4 batches of MBBS students. overall trend and batch wise difference in the responses were analyzed.Results: Most of them had idea about problem of antimicrobial resistance and most of the students answered majority of the questions correctly. While assessing difference in responses in different batches, result showed that there was very significant improvement in the response of 6th semester students than the response of 4th semester students, may be due to acquiring knowledge of antimicrobials from their pharmacology classes in that period.Conclusions: Overall knowledge of antimicrobial resistance and proper use of antimicrobials appears good among different batches of MBBS student of this institution, though some areas need to be improved. Knowledge improvement is most evident from 4th semester to 6th semester students. Pharmacology training appears to make students more aware of this problem. Regular education is important to make them more aware.

scholarly journals 2023. Antimicrobial Resistance and Stewardship Knowledge and Perception among Medical and Pharmacy Students in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S679-S679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chukwuemeka Michael Ubaka ◽  
Natalie Schellack ◽  
Benedict Nwomeh ◽  
Debra A Goff
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Pharmacy Students ◽  
Professional Collaboration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Change Perceptions ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Populous Country

Abstract Background Nigeria is the most populous country in Africa and has high rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The practice of antimicrobial stewardship in Nigerian hospitals is very limited and the subject is rarely included in undergraduate medical and pharmacy curriculums. To further acceptance and implementation of antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASP) in Nigeria health system, baseline measurements of the knowledge and perceptions held by graduating medical and pharmacy students was deemed essential. This study evaluated the knowledge and perceptions of a cohort of Nigerian medical and pharmacy students in concepts of AMR and ASP. Methods This was a cross-sectional questionnaire-based study of final year medical and pharmacy students from the two largest schools in the southeastern region of Nigeria. A previously published 20-items questionnaire measuring knowledge and perceptions toward AMR and ASP was adopted for the study. Results were expressed as frequencies and percentages. Results Completed questionnaires were received from 79.3% (361 of 455 students), over half (60%) were male, and mostly between 22 and 25 years old (68.7%). More pharmacy students had formal training on ASP compared with medical students (41.3% vs. 27.5%, P < 0.05). Pharmacy students (n = 84.3% and 90.5%) were significantly more knowledgeable of factors that promote the spread of AMR and interventions to combat resistance than medical students (n = 73.9% and 82.3%), P < 0.05, respectively. Interestingly, 23.3% of medical students thought pharmacists should lead ASP teams, while 5.8% of pharmacy students thought doctors should lead ASP. However, both held poor perceptions of each other’s roles in the ASP team. Conclusion Knowledge of AMR and ASP among medical and pharmacy students in Nigeria is lacking. Inter-professional collaboration to change perceptions and drive ASP in urgently needed. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals Comparative assessment of antibiotic resistance among first and second year undergraduate medical students in a tertiary care teaching hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohini Gupta ◽  
Apoorva Malhotra ◽  
Pavan Malhotra
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
First Year ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
Future Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Second Year

Background: Antibiotics are one of the commonest prescribing drugs in day to day practice. However indiscriminate and irrational use of antibiotics has given rise to the emergence of antibiotic resistance. Thus, intervention in the form of educating students and making them aware about this important concept should be initiated at the gross root level right from the beginning of medical profession. Objective was to assess the comparative awareness regarding antimicrobial resistance between first and second year MBBS students.Methods: This was a comparative, cross-sectional questionnaire based study. Two forty six undergraduate medical students, 118 students from 1st year and 129 students from 2nd year MBBS were included in the study to assess the extent of knowledge and about the problem of antibiotic resistance. Self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data from respondents. The questionnaires of both the groups were analyzed for the responses of the students and were compared using student ‘t’ test and chi-square test.Results: Majority of the participants 63.6% and 72.9% had completed the full course of antibiotics as prescribed by the physician. Statistically significant difference (p<0.05) was found between the two groups where in 58.4% of the first year and 16.3% of the second year students were of the view that antibiotics can be used for viral illnesses. Only 44.1% students of first year knew the reasons for antibiotic resistance.Conclusions: It can be concluded from the present study that second year medical students were more aware regarding antimicrobial resistance as compared to first year MBBS students who represented the general public. Thus, it is very important to educate the students in a practical manner about this concept as they are the future health care givers who can promote the rational use of antibiotics in near future.

scholarly journals Evaluation of implementation and satisfaction of distance learning among medical students during COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 4212
Author(s):  
Rony Wiranto ◽  
Rizma Adlia Syakurah
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Learning System ◽  
World Health ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The World ◽  
Temporary Closure

Background: Since it was declared as a pandemic by the world health organization (WHO) on March 11th, 2020, COVID-19 has become a global health problem in the world. The temporary closure of schools and universities was carried out to protect teachers and students from viruses, including in medical schools. Distance learning has been implemented as an alternative to subtitute conventional class. This can affect the satisfaction of medical students toward it. This study aim was to evaluating implementation and analyzing the factors that influence medical student' satisfaction toward distance learning during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: An observational analytic study with a cross-sectional study was used. A total of 3331 respondents from all over Indonesia responded through an online questionnaire by Ikatan Senat Mahasiswa Kedokteran Indonesia (ISMKI) distributed from April 9th, 2020 to June 21st, 2020. Data analyzed using chi-square test (alternative: fisher exact test) and logistic regression with significance alpha=0.05.Results: Study showed that most respondents had difficulties in learning and had less satisfaction toward distance learning. Factors that showed statistical significance were university origin grouped by type, region, accreditation, and readiness.Conclusions: Although distance learning is a solution to the problems of medical education during this pandemic, the government and related institutions should be able to continue evaluating so that the learning system remains effective and efficient.

scholarly journals Assessing Knowledge and Perception Regarding Antimicrobial Stewardship and Antimicrobial Resistance in University Students of Pakistan: Findings and Implications

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 866
Author(s):  
Iltaf Hussain ◽  
Nisa Yousaf ◽  
Sana Haider ◽  
Pervisha Jalil ◽  
Muhammad Usman Saleem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
University Students ◽  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dosing Regimen ◽  
Student Knowledge ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

The irrational use of antimicrobials has enormously contributed to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) globally and especially in the developing world. To assess the knowledge and perception regarding AMR and antimicrobial stewardship (AMS), a descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in university students enrolled in pharmacy, veterinary, and biology programs by using an online self-administered questionnaire. The Chi-square and Fisher exact tests (where applicable) were performed to assess the association of the demographics with the students’ knowledge and perception regarding AMR and AMS. A total of 496 students completed the questionnaire, among which, 85.7% of the participants were familiar with the term AMR and 79.4% of the participants correctly identified a poorly designed dosing regimen as a contributing factor towards AMR. The majority of participants (57.9%) were familiar with the term AMS and 86.5% were aware of the aim of AMS. The participants showed good knowledge regarding AMR and AMS, but to further improve student knowledge and perception of AMS and AMR, it is suggested that dedicated modules on antibiotic use and AMS should be incorporated into the curricula of these undergraduate and postgraduate programs.

Antimicrobial Use Control Measures to Prevent and Control Antimicrobial Resistance in US Hospitals

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 1088-1095 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan J. Zillich ◽  
Jason M. Sutherland ◽  
Stephen J. Wilson ◽  
Daniel J. Diekema ◽  
Erika J. Ernst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Clinical Practice Guidelines ◽  
Practice Guidelines ◽  
Veterans Affairs ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Antimicrobial Use ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Recommended Practices

Objective.Clinical practice guidelines and recommended practices to control use of antibiotics have been published, but the effect of these practices on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) rates in hospitals is unknown. The objective of this study was to examine relationships between antimicrobial use control strategies and AMR rates in a national sample of US hospitals.Design.Cross-sectional, stratified study of a nationally representative sample of US hospitals.Methods.A survey instrument was sent to the person responsible for infection control at a sample of 670 US hospitals. The outcome was current prevalences of 4 epidemiologically important, drug-resistant pathogens, considered concurrently: methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant enterococci, ceftazidime-resistant Klebsiella species, and quinolone (ciprofloxacin)-resistant Escherichia coli Five independent variables regarding hospital practices were selected from the survey: the extent to which hospitals (1) implement practices recommended in clinical practice guidelines and ensure best practices for antimicrobial use, (2) disseminate information on clinical practice guidelines for antimicrobial use, (3) use antimicrobial-related information technology, (4) use decision support tools, and (5) communicate to prescribers about antimicrobial use. Control variables included the hospitals' number of beds, teaching status, Veterans Affairs status, geographic region, and number of long-term care beds; and the presence of an intensive care unit, a burn unit, or transplant services. A generalized estimating equation modeled all resistance rates simultaneously to identify overall predictors of AMR levels at the facility.Results.Completed survey instruments were returned by 448 hospitals (67%). Four antimicrobial control measures were associated with higher prevalence of AMR. Implementation of recommended practices for antimicrobial use (P< .01) and optimization of the duration of empirical antibiotic prophylaxis (P<.01) were associated with a lower prevalence of AMR. Use of restrictive formularies (P = .05) and dissemination of clinical practice guideline information (P<.01) were associated with higher prevalence of AMR. Number of beds and Veterans Affairs status were also associated with higher AMR rates overall.Conclusions.Implementation of guideline-recommended practices to control antimicrobial use and optimize the duration of empirical therapy appears to help control AMR rates in US hospitals. A longitudinal study would confirm the results of this cross-sectional study. These results highlight the need for systems interventions and reengineering to ensure more-consistent application of guideline-recommended measures for antimicrobial use.

scholarly journals PATTERN OF ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS IN A TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangeetha Raja ◽  
Jamuna Rani R ◽  
Kala P
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital ◽  
Care Teaching

ABSTRACTObjective: The aim of this study was to carry out adverse drug reactions (ADRs) monitoring in various departments of a tertiary care teaching hospital.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on ADRs reported in the hospital from December 2012 to May 2013 after obtaining InstitutionalEthics Committee approval.Results: A total of 40 ADRs were reported, 47.50% were males and 52.50% were females. The female adult population was 45%. The majority of ADRswere due to antimicrobial agents especially beta-lactam antibiotics (42.5%) followed by NSAIDs (7.50%). A maximum number of patients (75%)were reported with dermatological manifestations. The department of medicine reported the highest number of ADRs (37.5%). As per Naranjo’sprobability scale, 62.5% reports were assessed as probable. 62.5% reports were documented as mild according to Modified Hartwig’s criteria forseverity assessment.Conclusion: This study was done to sensitize the practicing physicians on the importance of adverse drug monitoring and reporting.Keywords: Pharmacovigilance, Adverse drug reactions, Tertiary care teaching hospital, Antimicrobial agents.

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