scholarly journals Correlation estradiol levels and physical activities with lipid profile levels of premenopausal women, in Padang city, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1406
Author(s):  
Hafizah Hafizah ◽  
Afriwardi Afriwardi ◽  
Fika Tri Anggraini ◽  
Delmi Sulastri
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Level ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Estradiol Levels

Background: In premenopausal women, low estradiol levels and lack of physical activity can result in dyslipidemia. Dyslipidemia is a risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD). The incidence of CHD occurs a lot in premenopausal age compared to productive age, the percentage of women who experience higher CHD than men. Objective was to determine the correlation of estradiol levels and physical activity with lipid profiles in premenopausal women in Padang City.Methods: This research was carried out in Padang City. The study was observational, cross-sectional design. The study sample was 79 premenopausal women. Estradiol levels were assessed by the ELISA method, physical activity was assessed by an international physical activity (IPAQ) questionnaire, lipid profiles were assessed by colorimetric enzymatic methods. Correlation of estradiol levels with lipid profile levels were analyzed using the Pearson correlation test. Correlation of physical activity with lipid profile level using the ANOVA test.Results: The mean estradiol level of respondents was 144.68pg/ml, the mean physical activity of respondents is heavy physical activity as much as 41.8%, the mean cholesterol level of respondents was 194.76mg/dl, the mean triglyceride level of respondents was 118.75mg/dl, the mean LDL cholesterol level of respondents was 120.64mg/dl, the mean HDL cholesterol level was 53.18mg/dl.Conclusions: There were significant correlation between estradiol levels with triglyceride levels and LDL cholesterol. There was significant correlation physical activity with total cholesterol levels and triglyceride levels. There was no correlation between estradiol levels with total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol. There was no correlation physical activity with LDL cholesterol and HDL cholesterol.

scholarly journals Efek ekstrak daun sirsak (Annona muricata Linn) terhadap profil lipid tikus putih jantan (Rattus Norvegicus)

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indrawati Wurdianing ◽  
SA Nugraheni ◽  
Zen Rahfiludin
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Level ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Total Cholesterol Level ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Annona Muricata ◽  
The Mean

Background: Lipid profile effects is a risk factor for Coronary Heart Disease. Soursop leaves (Annona muricata L) isa traditional medicine plant containing metabolic compounds that contribute to the improvement of the lipid profile.Objective: To determine the effects of soursop leaves extract on lipid profile (total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDLcholesterol and triglyceride).Methods: An experimental study using randomized pre-posttest with control group design. Sample consisted of 28 maleWistar rats, were divided into four groups. The control group (K) was only given High Fat High Cholesterol (HFHC)diet and treatment groups (P1, P2, P3) were given a HFHC diet plus Annona muricata L extract with doses of 100, 200and 300 mg/kgBB per day for 28 days respectively. Data were analyzed by Wilcoxon test, Kruskal-Wallis and MannWhitney.Results: The mean total cholesterol level significantly decreased in the treatment group P1 (p = 0.028) from 60.7 mg/dl(47.6-75.3) to 45.5 mg/dl (38.4-62.4). Mean HDL cholesterol level significantly increased in the treatment group P2(p=0.043) from 26.0 mg/dl (19.7-35.3) to 27.9 mg/dl (18.8-38.0). The mean levels of LDL cholesterol and triglyceridedecreased but not significantly.Conclusion: The administration of Annona muricata L extract can decrease total cholesterol and increase HDLcholesterol significantly.

scholarly journals PERBANDINGAN PROFIL LIPID PADA SERUM DARAH PENDERITA HIPERTENSI DAN NORMOTENSI

Jurnal BIOMA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
Pratiwi Widyamurti ◽  
Rusdi Rusdi ◽  
Sri Rahayu
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT Increased blood pressure more than 140/90 mmHg taken from three measurement in 24 hours can be diagnosed as hypertension. Abnormality of lipid values condition was found at many hypertensive. Based on this reason examination of lipid profile in hypertensive and normotensive should be done. The aim of this research was to measure and compare lipid profile on blood serum in hypertensive    and normotensive. Lipid profile was measured by Konelab 20XT clinical chemistry analyzer. Ex     Post Facto used as method and Cross-sectional used as design. A total of 50 blood samples collected from Hypertensive (N1=25) and normotensive (N2=25) from June to August 2014. SPSS 16.0 was used to analyze the data, T-test was used to compare value of LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and total cholesterol while U Mann-Whitney test was used to compare value of triglyceride. The result      of this research showed that the mean value of triglyceride was 146.56 mg/dL in hypertensive and 143.92 mg/dL in normotensive (p=0.11). The mean value of LDL cholesterol was 129.80 mg/dL in hypertensive and 136.72 mg/dL in normotensive (p=0.62). The mean value of HDL cholesterol was  38.80 mg/dL in hypertensive and 45.04 mg/dL in normotensive (p=0.1). The mean value of total cholesterol was 201.04 mg/dL in hypertensive and 221.88 mg/dL in normotensive (p=0.25). In conclusion, there was no different of lipid profile on blood serum in hypertensive and normotensive.  Keywords: hypertension, lipid profile, normotensive

scholarly journals The correlation between lifestyle and lipid profile

2006 ◽  
Vol 59 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
Bosa Mirjanic-Azaric ◽  
Mirjana Djeric ◽  
Maja Vrhovac ◽  
Dusanka Sukalo
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Unhealthy Lifestyle ◽  
Lifestyle Habits ◽  
Cholesterol Ratio ◽  
Insufficient Physical Activity ◽  
The Mean

Introduction. The aim of this study was to estimate if negative lifestyle habits such as alcohol consumption, smoking and physical inactivity affect the lipid profile values. Material and methods. The study included 250 workers on regular examination in the Gradiska Health Center in the period from 2001 to 2002. There were 113 (45.2%) men and 137 (54.8%) women. The examinees were divided into three groups according age (25-39, 40-49 and 50-60 respectively). Standard laboratory methods were used to establish the following: total cholesterol, triglyceride and HDL-cholesterol level, LDL cholesterol, atherosclerosis index (AI) and total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol. Results Using a questionnaire, we have found out that out of 250 examinees 48.80% consume alcohol regularly, 50.80% are smokers and 36% are physically. The mean total cholesterol was high in all groups and it was 6.41 mmol/l. The mean triglyceride level was 1.88 mmol/l and mean HDL cholesterol was 1.48 mmol/l, I A was 2.99 and total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratio was 4.69. Statistical analysis showed that there was a statistically significant relationship between triglyceride values and alcohol consumption, smoking and physical activity (p<0.05). Also, we showed that there was a statistically high relationship between HDL cholesterol values, AJ, total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol and smoking in the examined groups (p<0.01). Discussion In our study the lipid profile parameters were above the desired levels, probably due to unhealthy lifestyle, including smoking, alcohol consumption and insufficient physical activity. Our results are in concordance with the results of similar studies. Conclusion It is of utmost importance to take steps to improve lifestyle habits of our population.

scholarly journals Deranged Serum Fasting Lipid Profile in Children and Adolescent with Thalassemia Major

Blood ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 124 (21) ◽  
pp. 4899-4899 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadia Sultan ◽  
Syed Mohammed Irfan ◽  
Rozina Zeeshan
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Total Lipid ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Thalassemia Major ◽  
Cholesterol Ratio ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Introduction: Serum fasting lipid profile has been studied in various clinical spectrum of β-thalassemia syndrome. Premature cardiac impairment in thalassemia major (TM) appears primarily due to iron accumulation and oxidative injury; however it might be a sequel of abnormal lipoprotein concentrations. Recent studies revealed impaired lipid profile and atherosclerosis in TM as an emerging complication in patients with prolonged survival. As these children are at risk of premature atherosclerosis, sub clinical atherosclerosis probably begins early in their life might evolve into coronary heart diseases in later life. The rational of this prospective cross sectional study is to analyze the serum fasting lipid profile in cardiovascular disease free thalassemia major patients and to establish any correlation with age, gender, hematological parameters, liver enzymes and serum ferritin. Method: The study group comprises of thirty six patients with β-thalassemia major, who were enrolled from March 2012 to March 2014. Fasting blood lipid levels (total lipid, cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL and LDL-cholesterol), liver function test and serum ferritin were measured in all study participants on Hitachi 912 through photometric assay (for lipid profile and liver function test) and by immunoturbidity methodology for serumferritin. Hematological parameters were determined by Cell Dyne Ruby (Abbot, Architect, USA). Patients were stratified in two groups, age ≤ 15 years and >15 years, to determine the possible lipid profile distinction in relation to increasing age. Results: Of the 36 patients, 17 were males (15.5±5.9 years) and 19 were females (10.1±4.5 years) with the mean age of 12.69±5.85 (range 5-24) years. Mean hemoglobin was 7.4±1.9gm/dl with the hematocrit of 23.1±5.7% while serum ferritin was markedly elevated 4699.7±3089ng/ml. The mean total lipid, cholesterol and triglycerides levels were 494.7 ± 114.5, 90.3 ±23.9 and 150.5±95.1 mg/dl respectively. High triglycerides were detected in 36.1%. While HDL cholesterol and LDL cholesterol were markedly low 17.7±9.2 and 42.3±22.0 mg/dl respectively. The mean total cholesterol to HDL ratio was significantly elevated, 6.21± 3.06 (normal <5.0). In addition, total-cholesterol to HDL-cholesterol ratios were increased irrespective of gender, that is 6.0±2.0 and 6.4± 3.8 in males and females respectively (P=0.6). Data analysis revealed that 22.2% females and 13.8% males had high triglyceride levels (P=0.05). No statistically significant difference was noted in two stratified age groups in respect to lipid profile (table-1). We established positive correlation of elevated total bilirubin with cholesterol, HDL and LDL cholesterol (P<0.05). Cholesterol ratio was also significantly high in patients with hemoglobin > 8gm/dl (P<0.05). Low HDL cholesterol was correlated positively with LDL cholesterol levels. While no significant correlation of serum lipid could be established with age, gender, high ferritins and with liver enzymes. Conclusion: Our study revealed that lipid profile impairment is not unusual in β-thalassemia major patients irrespective of age. Considerable deficiency of high density cholesterol and significantly high total-cholesterol to HDL-cholesterol ratio may strongly be associated with occurrence of coronary heart disease in later life. We propose that lipid profile should be regularly done in these patients particularly those with hemoglobin > 8gm/dl and high total bilirubin levels. Whilst total to HDL ratio, underlines as a significant diagnostic marker for future cardiac events in these patients. Keywords: β-thalassemia major, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol. Table 1: Comparative analysis of serum lipid profile in relation to age Parameters Age ≤15 years n= 24 Age >15 years n= 12 P- value Total lipid 515.7± 121.1 452.9 ±90.6 0.1 * Cholesterol 95.0±17.6 80.9±32.1 0.09 * Serum triglyceride 168.1 ± 109.7 115.2± 40.1 0.1 * HDL cholesterol 19.4±10.2 14.4± 5.9 0.1 * LDL cholesterol 43.1±19.9 40.9±26.6 0.7 * Cholesterol ratio 6.3± 3.4 6.0 ±2.1 0.8 * *Not significant Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Clinical profile and lipid abnormalities in subclinical and overt primary hypothyroidism

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mrutyunjay B. Hiregoudar ◽  
Pradeep Kumar Mohanty ◽  
Sagnika Tripaty ◽  
Amita Kerketta ◽  
Uttam Kumar Soren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Level ◽  
Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Primary Hypothyroidism ◽  
Overt Hypothyroidism ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Cardiovascular Morbidity And Mortality

Background: Overt and subclinical hypothyroidism, affects metabolism of lipids particularly that of cholesterol, low density lipoprotein and triglyceride. Hypercholesterolemia predisposes to atherosclerosis and thereby increases cardiovascular risks.Methods: Hundred patients of primary  hypothyroidism of age more than 15 yrs were included. Five milliliters of venous blood was drawn in fasting state and serum obtained; thyroid function test (TFT) and fasting lipid profile were performed. Based on the TFT, patients were categorized as sub clinical or overt hypothyroidism. Clinical data, thyroid and lipid profiles obtained were analyzed and compared using statistical methods.Results: Seventy patients were females and thirty were males in the ratio of 2.3:1. Most common age group was 51-60years followed by 41-50years. Most common symptom was generalised weakness followed by weight gain, cold intolerance, constipation, hair loss, paraesthesia’s. Most common signs were myxoedema, delayed ankle reflex relaxation, dry and  coarse skin, bradycardia, non-pitting peripheral edema, madarosis, pallor, goiter. Patients with Overt hypothyroidism had significantly higher serum levels of total cholesterol(249.1±31.7 mg/dl), Triglycerides (191.5±68.5 mg/dl) and LDL cholesterol(167.7±31 mg/dl) than the Subclinical hypothyroidism with total cholesterol(202±19.8),triglycerides(155.6±35) and LDL cholesterol(129±21.1) but HDL cholesterol  level remains normal in both overt  (44.0±4.7) and subclinical  (43.1±4.4)hypothyroidism respectively.Conclusions: Patients with Overt hypothyroidism had significantly higher levels of Total cholesterol, Triglycerides (TG) and LDL cholesterol than the Subclinical hypothyroidism but HDL cholesterol level remains normal in both. So, concomitant estimation of lipid profile in hypothyroidism patients is needed for early intervention and prevention of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.

scholarly journals Fasting Is Not Routinely Required for Determination of a Lipid Profile: Clinical and Laboratory Implications Including Flagging at Desirable Concentration Cutpoints—A Joint Consensus Statement from the European Atherosclerosis Society and European Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (7) ◽  
pp. 930-946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Børge G Nordestgaard ◽  
Anne Langsted ◽  
Samia Mora ◽  
Genovefa Kolovou ◽  
Hannsjörg Baum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Familial Hypercholesterolemia ◽  
Apolipoprotein B ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Apolipoprotein A1 ◽  
Lipoprotein A ◽  
Remnant Cholesterol

Abstract AIMS To critically evaluate the clinical implications of the use of non-fasting rather than fasting lipid profiles and to provide guidance for the laboratory reporting of abnormal non-fasting or fasting lipid profiles. METHODS AND RESULTS Extensive observational data, in which random non-fasting lipid profiles have been compared with those determined under fasting conditions, indicate that the maximal mean changes at 1–6 h after habitual meals are not clinically significant [+0.3 mmol/L (26 mg/dL) for triglycerides; −0.2 mmol/L (8 mg/dL) for total cholesterol; −0.2 mmol/L (8 mg/dL) for LDL cholesterol; +0.2 mmol/L (8 mg/dL) for calculated remnant cholesterol; −0.2 mmol/L (8 mg/dL) for calculated non-HDL cholesterol]; concentrations of HDL cholesterol, apolipoprotein A1, apolipoprotein B, and lipoprotein(a) are not affected by fasting/non-fasting status. In addition, non-fasting and fasting concentrations vary similarly over time and are comparable in the prediction of cardiovascular disease. To improve patient compliance with lipid testing, we therefore recommend the routine use of non-fasting lipid profiles, whereas fasting sampling may be considered when non-fasting triglycerides are &gt;5 mmol/L (440 mg/dL). For non-fasting samples, laboratory reports should flag abnormal concentrations as triglycerides ≥2 mmol/L (175 mg/dL), total cholesterol ≥5 mmol/L (190 mg/dL), LDL cholesterol ≥3 mmol/L (115 mg/dL), calculated remnant cholesterol ≥0.9 mmol/L (35 mg/dL), calculated non-HDL cholesterol ≥3.9 mmol/L (150 mg/dL), HDL cholesterol ≤1 mmol/L (40 mg/dL), apolipoprotein A1 ≤1.25 g/L (125 mg/dL), apolipoprotein B ≥1.0 g/L (100 mg/dL), and lipoprotein(a) ≥50 mg/dL (80th percentile); for fasting samples, abnormal concentrations correspond to triglycerides ≥1.7 mmol/L (150 mg/dL). Life-threatening concentrations require separate referral for the risk of pancreatitis when triglycerides are &gt;10 mmol/L (880 mg/dL), for homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia when LDL cholesterol is &gt;13 mmol/L (500 mg/dL), for heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia when LDL cholesterol is &gt;5 mmol/L (190 mg/dL), and for very high cardiovascular risk when lipoprotein(a) &gt;150 mg/dL (99th percentile). CONCLUSIONS We recommend that non-fasting blood samples be routinely used for the assessment of plasma lipid profiles. Laboratory reports should flag abnormal values on the basis of desirable concentration cutpoints. Non-fasting and fasting measurements should be complementary but not mutually exclusive.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of Lipid Profile in Obese and Nonobese Men attending Master Health Checkup

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-75
Author(s):  
S Vinod Babu ◽  
Anusha R Jagadeesan ◽  
Jothimalar Ramalingam
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
P Value ◽  
Health Checkup ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference

ABSTRACT Introduction Obesity is emerging as an epidemic worldwide. Obesity is associated with a number of comorbid conditions, such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cancer, dyslipidemia, cardiovascular abnormalities, anemia, obstructive sleep apnea, and psychosocial abnormalities. Aim This study aims at comparing the lipid profile levels of obese and nonobese men. Materials and methods This was a case—control study conducted at a tertiary care center. Totally, 80 men in the age group of 20 to 47 years attending the master health checkup were included in the study, out of which 40 men with normal body mass index (BMI) of 18 to 25 belonged to group I and 40 men with increased BMI of 30 and above belonged to group II. Lipid profile parameters, such as triglycerides (TGLs), total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol were estimated in them. The data were statistically analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 15.0. Results Statistically significant difference was found in the total cholesterol levels with a p-value of 0.040 while the difference in LDL cholesterol was statistically highly significant with a p-value of 0.040. Conclusion Among lipid profile parameters, only total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol showed significant difference between the obese and nonobese individuals. However, the other parameters like HDL cholesterol and TGLs did not show any significant difference. How to cite this article Babu SV, Jagadeesan AR, Ramalingam J. A Comparative Study of Lipid Profile in Obese and Nonobese Men attending Master Health Checkup. Indian J Med Biochem 2017;21(2):73-75.

scholarly journals Effects of Red Pitaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus) on Lipid Profile of Male White Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Receiving High Fat Diet

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiwik Werdiningsih ◽  
Suhartati Suhartati
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Fruit Peel ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Wistar Strain ◽  
Dragon Fruit ◽  
Pap Method

Red dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) peel contains anthocyanin, fiber and vitamin C, so it can be used to improve lipid profile in dyslipidemia. The peel of the dragon fruit is not durable, so in this study we used freeze-dried dragon fruit peel. The aim of this study was to prove that the administration of the red dragon fruit peel in a dose of 0.72 g/200 g BW, 1.08 g/200 g BW, and 1.44 g/200 g BW of rat per day for 28 days may improve lipid profile in male wistar strain white rats with high-fat diet. Lipid profiles were studied by examining of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and triglycerides. This was a pure experimental study using randomized post test only control group design. This study used experimental animal of 30 male wistar strain white rats which were divided into five groups. Measurements of total, LDL, and HDL cholesterol levels were done by CHOD-PAP method, while triglyceride level was measured with GPO-PAP method. Data were analyzed statistically by One Way Anova test. The results of this study indicated that giving the peel of red dragon fruit as much as 0.72 g lowered total cholesterol levels, 1.08 g lowered total and LDL cholesterol levels, and 1.44 g lowered total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglyceride levels, and raised HDL cholesterol level. Red dragon fruit peel can be used alternatively to improve lipid profile in dyslipidemia.

scholarly journals Lipid profiles in smoking and non-smoking male adolescents

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 232
Author(s):  
Sigit Prastyanto ◽  
Mei Neni Sitaresmi ◽  
Madarina Julia
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Differences

Background The prevalence of smoking in adolescentstends to increase. Smoking is associated with a higher risk ofdyslipidemia.Objective To compare the lipid profiles of tobacco-smoking andnon-tobacco-smoking male adolescents.Methods We performed a cross- sectional study in three vocationalhigh schools in Yogyakarta from January to April 2011. Dataon smoking status, duration of smoking and number cigarettesconsumed per day were collected by questionnaires. We randomlyselected 50 male smokers and 50 male non-smokers as the studysubjects.Results Mean differences between smokers and non-smokerswere 44.5 (95%CI 28. 7 to 60.1) mg/dL for triglyceride levels; 8.0(95% CI 1.0 to 14.9) mg/dL for low density lipoprotein (LDL)cholesterol; 11.8 (1.1 to 22.4) mg/dL for total cholesterol and -5.7mg/dL (95% CI -8.8 to -2.6) for high density lipoprotein (HDL)cholesterol. Mean differences (95% CI) between smokers whohad engaged in smoking for > 2 years and those who had smokedfor :S:2 years were -18.1 (95% CI -33 .9 to -2.3) mg/dL for totalcholesterol; -49.4 (95% CI -67.2 to -3 1.5) mg/dL for triglycerides.Mean differences between those who smoked > 5 cigarettes/dayand :s:5 cigarettes per day were -18 .4 (95% CI -32.8 to -4.1) mg/dL for total cholesterol and -29.1 (95% CI -53.6 to -4.6) mg/dLfor triglycerides.Conclusion Smoking more than 5 cigarettes/day significantlyincreases total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglyceridelevels, as well as reduces HDL cholesterol levels; while smokingmore than 2 years significantly increases total cholesterol andtriglyceride levels

scholarly journals Lipid profile, apolipoprotein A-I and oxidative stress in professional footballers, sedentary individuals, and their relatives

2011 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Margioti Zanella ◽  
Marcelo Arruda Nakazone ◽  
Marcela Augusta Souza Pinhel ◽  
Dorotéia Rossi Silva Souza
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Apolipoprotein A ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cholesterol Fraction

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether lipid profile (LP), apolipoprotein A-1 (apo A-I) and malondialdehyde (MDA) have any relationship with physical exercise by comparing the groups of footballers (FG) with sedentary individuals (CG) and their relatives (RFG and RCG). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Twenty individuals from FG and CG, 60 from RFG, and 57 from RCG were studied. RESULTS: FG showed lower levels of total cholesterol (119.5 ± 37.9 mg/dL), LDL-cholesterol fraction (53.6 ± 30.3), apo A-I (116.7 ± 11.9), and higher level of HDL-cholesterol fraction (HDLc) (49.7 ± 8.5) compared to RFG (148.3 ± 36.9, P = 0.02; 82.4 ± 37.7, P < 0.01; 124.6 ± 10.2, P = 0.03; and 42.7 ± 7.7, P < 0.01; respectively). Moreover, FG had reduced levels of MDA (101.0 ± 77.0 ng/mL) compared to CG (290.0 ± 341.0, P = 0.03) and RFG (209.9 ± 197.5, P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest an association between physical exercise and lower levels of MDA in FG. Physical activity seems to promote beneficial effects on the LP regardless of the genetic influence considering HDLc levels.

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