scholarly journals Diagnosis of paediatric tuberculosis by cartridge based nucleic acid amplification test and its effectiveness as compared to the other conventional diagnostic methods

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 1204
Author(s):  
Jyotiranjan Champatiray ◽  
G. Dharmaraj Patra
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
The Body ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rapid Result ◽  
Childhood Tb ◽  
Mgit Culture

Background: Childhood TB constitutes 10-20% of all TB cases in high burden countries like India and accounting for 8-20% of TB related deaths. Diagnosis of TB in children is difficult. One test, CBNAAT which was recently endorsed by WHO has the potential to lead a revolution in diagnosis of active TB disease.Methods: A cross sectional study in SCB MCH and SVPPGIP, Cuttack in all the suspected TB patients admitted during the period from January 2016 to October 2017.Results: A total of 100 suspicious patients admitted to the Department of Pediatrics in SCB MCH and SVPPGIP during the study period. Of these 45 were diagnosed TB and rest others were diagnosed otherwise than TB. Diagnosis of TB was established on basis of Microscopy, CBNAAT, culture, biochemistry, cytology, clinical findings, neuroimaging, FNAC/biopsy, USG abdomen. Out of 45 TB patients 30 were CBNAAT positive taking the body fluid samples other than blood, urine and stool with a sensitivity of 66.7% and specificity of 100%. Out of 45 TB patients 14 were having ZN Smear positive taking the same fluid sample with a sensitivity of 31.1% and specificity of 100%. Whereas out of these 45 TB patients 32 were MGIT culture positive taking the same sample with a sensitivity of 71.1% and specificity of 100%. When diagnostic performances of CBNAAT and MGIT culture were compared, it was found to be statistically insignificant with a P value 0.54.Conclusions: The CBNAAT is able to confirm a diagnosis of TB with 66.7% sensitivity and 100% specificity within 2 hours. We can use CBNAAT as a diagnostic method as it provides rapid result and simultaneous better sensitive result, it can be helpful in starting ATT in sick patients and also in outdoor patients.

scholarly journals The relationship between income and nutritional status with the incidence of hypertension in elderly

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Emi Nur Sariyanti ◽  
Diffah Hanim ◽  
Sapja Anantanyu
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Community Health Center ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Blood Pressure Data ◽  
Spearman Test ◽  
The Relationship

Background:Blood pressure is a disease that is often found in the elderly. Many studies show that socioeconomic status is closely related to the incidence of hypertension especially in the elderly. In addition, since hypertension is generally associated with being overweight and obese, nutritional status can also be a factor for experiencing hypertension in the elderly.Objective:To analyze the relationship between income and nutritional status with the incidence of hypertension in the elderly.Method: This study used a cross-sectional study design involving 133 elderly respondents in the area of the Klaten Community Health Center. Income data were obtained using the respondents’ basic characteristic questionnaire. Nutritional status was obtained based on anthropometric measurements of body weight and height which were calculated using the Body Mass Index (BMI). While blood pressure data were obtained from Sphygmomanometer measurements. The data obtained were analyzed using the Spearman test with a p-value <0.05. This study was approved by Ethics Commission UniversitasSebelasMaret.Results: The results of this study indicate there is a relationship between income and the incidence of hypertension in the elderly (p=0.046) while the nutritional status has no relationship with the incidence of hypertension (p=0.640).Conclusion: High income has a low risk of the elderly experiencing hypertension, while nutritional status good or not they do not have a risk of hypertension.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 05 No. 01 January’21 Page: 81-84

The Frequency of Mesio Buccal Second Canals in Permanent Maxillary First Molar Using Different Methods: A Cross-Sectional Study

JKCD ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Nadia Munir
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Pro Forma

Objective: This study aimed to find out the fr equency of the MB2 canal in maxillary first molars, using different diagnostic methods. Materials & Methods: 106 patients, clinically diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis and exposed pulp, requiring endodontic treatment were selected via random non-probability purposive sampling technique for the study . This cross-sectional study was conducted for 12 weeks in the dentistry department of Ayub Medical College from August 2018 to October 2018. A detailed history was taken and documented in the pro-forma. After administration of Local anaesthesia and rubber dam application, the access cavity was prepared and floor of the pulp chamber visualized. MB2 Canal location was done with a naked eye and under magnification (x2.0 to x6.0) Magnification and confirmed by inserting size 08 K file. The data obtained were analyzed using SPSS version 20. Chi-square test was run to determine the association of the presence of the MB2 canal with other variables. P-value of 0.05 was considered to be significant.

scholarly journals Analisis Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Postur Kerja Karyawan di Kantor Pusat PT Jasa Marga (Persero) Tbk

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-168
Author(s):  
Nur Asniati Djaali ◽  
Dhea Sylvia Fajriah
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Body Position ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sports Activity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Posture

Work posture is the position of the body when doing work activities. Incorrect work posture is often caused by the location of equipment or facilities, workplace layout, inappropriate work environment conditions, or a combination of several of these factors. Any body position can cause discomfort and fatigue if maintained for a long time, including workers in the office. Therefore this study will be carried out Observation ns of workers at the Head Office of PT. Jasa Marga who works for 8 hours per day using a computer. To minimize the level of injury risk by knowing and identifying work postures on workers using computers. To assess the ergonomic risk of office workers that can cause Musculoskeletal Disorder is by observing ROSA. This research is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional study design. The statistical test used is Chi-square. And using simple random Sampling as many as 88 people. Univariate test results of this study showed that as many as 50 people have a high-risk work posture. based on the results of the bivariate test, it was found that the variables associated with work posture using the ROSA method were anthropometri factors and sports activity factors with p value 0.006 and 0.042. To prevent or reduce high-risk work posture should do modify or replace workstation in the office, and perform workplace stretching exercise when the muscles begin to tense.

scholarly journals Excessive Daytime Sleepiness Among Medical Students – A Cross-Sectional Survey to Study the Risk Factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Excessive Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test

Sleep is a condition of the body and mind which typically occurs for several hours every night, in which the nervous system is inactive, the eyes are closed, the postural muscles are relaxed, and consciousness is practically suspended. Daytime sleepiness, or difficulty in maintaining a desired level of wakefulness, is frequently viewed by the general population as a common experience and predictable consequence of insufficient sleep. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of excessive daytime sleepiness and factors associated with medical students in a private university in Malaysia. A cross-sectional study was conducted among year 1 to year 5 medical students. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from the respondents. The data were analyzed using the Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS) version 19.0. A minimum sample size of 400 was obtained. The percentage of Excessive day time sleepiness (EDS) among the students was 44% (176 of 400). Association between EDS and other independent variables was seen by the Chi-square test with p-value < 0.05 considered as a significant association. Of the various factors determined, a statistically significant association was found between internet usage and EDS.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Salivary Glucose and Creatinine for Screening of Diabetes and Kidney Disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marziye Aghazadeh ◽  
Paria Motahari
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
The Body ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Multiple Organs ◽  
The Mean

Objective: Diabetes mellitus is a multifactorial metabolic disorder that affects multiple organs of the body, one of the most important of which is chronic kidney disease. Early diagnosis of this disease is suggested as an important strategy to reduce the complications of the disease worldwide. Since the measurement of salivary creatinine and glucose is an easy and noninvasive method, the aim of this study was to evaluate the serum and salivary levels of creatinine and glucose for screening of diabetes and kidney disease. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 50 seemingly healthy individuals referred to the Department of Oral Medicine of the Faculty of Dentistry. Serum andsalivary creatinine levels were measured in these individuals. Data (mean + standard deviation) were presented for variables. Data were analyzed by SPSS 19 software. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to determine the correlation between serum and salivary levels of creatinine and glucose. P-values less than 0.05 were considered significant. Results: The mean salivary and serum creatinine levels was reported to be 0.27 (+ 0.29) and 0.90 (+0.12) mg/dl, respectively. Also, the mean salivary and serum glucose levels were reported to be 3.1 (+ 0.7) and 88.92 (+6.16) mg/dl, respectively. The results of Pearson correlation test showed no significant correlation between serum and salivary glucose and cratinine. Conclusion: The use of non-invasive diagnostic methods such as saliva is of great value. The study found no association between serum and salivary creatinine and glucose in seemingly healthy subjects.

scholarly journals Comparison of Body Composition Parameters in Swimmers and Non Swimmers: A Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sruthi Parayil Kizhakkevalappil ◽  
Reena Alexander ◽  
Arun Chandran Nhattuvalappil
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
T Test ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Swimming is an inexpensive isotonic exercise that is useful for health promotion and prevention of disease. While studies based on body composition and swimming in India are few, the analysis of body composition parameters can provide accurate body assessment and serve as an ideal mode for fitness analysis and promotion of health. Aim: To assess the body composition, anthropometric and cardiac parameters of healthy swimmers and compare these variables with that of healthy non swimmers. Materials and Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Government Medical College, Thrissur, Kerala, India. Duration of study was from January 2017 to January 2018. A total 60 healthy individuals, 30 swimmers and 30 non swimmers were selected by simple random sampling method. Body composition parameters were estimated along with anthropometric measurements and cardiac parameters- height, weight, Body Mass Index (BMI), pulse rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Quantitative variables like body composition parameters were analysed using mean standard deviation and 95% confidential interval. Comparison of body composition parameters were analysed using independent t-test and significant level was kept at 5%. Results: The mean age of swimmers was 19.93±1.59 years and that of non swimmer subjects was 22.87±1.88 years. Body composition parameters included Body Fat Percentage (BFP p-value <0.001), Fat Mass (FM p-value <0.001) and Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR p-value <0.001) were found to be significantly decreased (p-value <0.05) in swimmers when compared to non swimmers. However, the Fat Free Mass (FFM p-value=0.13) and Fat Free Mass Index (FFMI p-value=0.22) were also decreased but comparable (p-value >0.05). Weight and BMI along with pulse, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure (p-value <0.001) were lower in swimmers than non swimmers and statistically significant (p-value <0.05) by independent t-test. Conclusion: The results indicated that, swimming can improve body composition parameters to a more healthy state and therefore can be advised as a form of regular physical activity with a goal to achieve ideal health and fitness.

scholarly journals Kepatuhan Diet dengan Kualitas Hidup Pasien Hemodialisa di RSUP Dr. Soeradji Tirtonegoro: Korelasi Studi

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-83
Author(s):  
Heru Ginanjar Triyono ◽  
Dian Novita K ◽  
Sugiarto Sugiarto ◽  
Tengku Isni Yuli ◽  
Winda Rofiyati
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Chi Square Test

Abstract Kidney is one the organs that has an important function in the body. These functions include regulating the concentration of salt in the blood, and regulating the balance of acid base and the excretion of excess salt.Design Of this study was analytic with total Random Sampling. Research that uses descriptive quantitative type using cross sectional. This researcher only observed and measured variables without giving treatment. Cross sectional design or cross-sectional study, researchers only make observations and measure variables at one time. The Sampling in this study. The sampling in this study were 30 respondents who underwent hemodialysis. The amount was obtained based on data on the number of patients. The results of the analysis of the relationship of diet adherence with the quality of life of hemodialysis patients at Hospital using the chi square test. From table 4.4 the chi suare correlation test results obtained sig (2-tailed) values ​​with the results of 0.003 p value <0.05 to 0.003 <0.05 showed a relationship between diet compliance with quality of life. Data generated from the bivariate analysis of respondents who comply with good quality of life were 14 respondents (66.7%), while respondents who were not compliant and with less quality of life were 4 respondents (44.4%). Key word: Diet, Kidney Failure, Quality Of Life, Hemodialysis  

scholarly journals STUDY CROSS SECTIONAL : DUKUNGAN KELUARGA DENGAN KEPATUHAN HEMODIALISA PADA PASIEN GAGAL GINJAL KRONIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Chauverim Jeremi Gotlieb Paath ◽  
Gresty Masi ◽  
Franly Onibala
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Family Support ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
P Value ◽  
Electrolyte Balance ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Therapy Adherence

Abstract: Chronic Kidney Disease is progressive and irreversible kidney dysfunction where the body fails to maintain metabolim and fluid and electrolyte balance. Hemodialysis therapy is one of managements of CKD. Disobedience may causing failure of the therapy so it can increase mortality and morbidity numbers. Purpose: The purpose of this research is to find out the correlation beetween family support and hemodialysis adherence of patients with CKD. Method: this study used descriptive Analytic with Cross Sectional Study approach. This study involved 50 respondents with Chronic Kidney Disease using the total sampling technique. Data collection was done through the questionnaire about family’s support and hemodialysis therapy adherence of patient of CKD. The result of this study showed a significant correlation with p value=0,000 (α<0,05). Conclusion: There is a significant correlation beetween family support and hemodialysis therapy adherence of patients with CKD. Further studies are suggested to do other research about specification of family’s support with the example instrumental support.Key Words:     Chronic Kidney Disease, Family Support, Hemodialysis Therapy      Adherence. Abstrak: Gagal ginjal kronis merupakan gangguan fungsi ginjal yang progresif dan ireversibel dimana tubuh gagal untuk mempertahankan metabolisme dan keseimbangan cairan dan elektrolit. Terapi hemodialisa adalah salah satu penanganan gagal ginjal kronis. Ketidakpatuhan dapat menyebabkan kegagalan terapi sehingga meningkatkan angka mortalitas dan morbiditas. Dukungan keluarga merupakan salah satu faktor penting dalam meningkatkan kepatuhan terapi. Tujuan: ujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan dukungan keluarga dengan kepatuhan terapi hemodialisa pada pasien GGK. Desain Penelitian: Penelitian ini menggunakan Deskriptif Analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional Study. penelitian ini menggunakan 50 responden  dengan menggunakan teknik total sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner tentang dukungan keluarga dan kepatuhan menjalani terapi hemodialysis pada pasien CKD. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan hubungan yang signifikan dengan nilai p=0,000 yang berarti nilai p<α=0,05. Kesimpulan: Dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan yang bermakna antara dukungan keluarga dengan kepatuhan hemodialisa pada pasien GGK. Bagi peneliti selanjutnya disarankan untuk melakukan penelitian tentang dukungan keluarga yang lebih spesifik contohnya dukungan instrumental. Kata Kunci: Gagal Ginjal Kronis, Dukungan Keluarga, Kepatuhan Hemodialisa

scholarly journals PERBEDAAN KADAR ASAM URAT PADA WANITA PERIMENOPAUSE DAN MENOPAUSE

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-162
Author(s):  
Rini Patroni
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
T Test ◽  
The Body ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Perimenopausal Women

Increased levels of uric acid will occur in women after menopause due to a decrease in estrogen hormones that play an important role in increasing urinary acid excretion through urine. The occurrence of deposition of uric acid continuously in the body so that the kidneys are not able to remove uric acid properly. This study aims to determine differences in uric acid levels in perimenopausal women and menopause at Sukamerindu Health Center Bengkulu City. This study includes comparative study, with cross sectional study design. The sampling technique was purposive sampling as much as 74 respondents, with 37 respondents perimenopause women and 37 respondents of menopause women. Data analysis used univariate and bivariate analysis using independent t test. The mean rate of uric acid levels in perimenopausal women was 5.02 mg / dL while mean menopausal uric acid level was 7.04 mg / dL and after statistical test using independent t test, p value 0.0001, which means p <0, 05 then there are differences in uric acid levels in perimenopausal women and menopause at puskesmas sukamerindu city of Bengkulu. The average uric acid levels in menopausal women is higher compared with perimenopausal women so it is expected for menopausal women to maintain health and consume lots of mineral water so that uric acid does not accumulate in the body.

scholarly journals A cross sectional study on prevalence of obesity among bus drivers of Metropolitan Transport Corporation Limited, Chennai

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 4456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sasikaladevi S. Singaravel ◽  
Elayaraja K. Kandaswamy
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
P Value ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Bus Drivers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity

Background: The job of bus driving involves several health risks. Both individual behaviours and work environmental variables contribute to higher obesity prevalence and risk of excess weight gain in this occupational group. This study has been planned to study the prevalence of obesity among bus drivers and to make recommendations to prevent obesity among bus drivers. Methods: The study was planned among bus drivers of the bus depots of Metropolitan Transport Corporation Limited, Chennai between January 2014 and June 2014. The sample size was calculated based on the assumption where the prevalence was 50%. Considering Confidence level of 95%, absolute precision of 5% with 10% excess sampling to account for non- response, the sample size derived was 422. Multistage sampling method was used. The required information was obtained by means of validated questionnaire and also by anthropometric measurements. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 42.32yrs. 41% of respondents were overweight. 14.5% of the respondents were found to be obese. Of the obese 22.7% were in the age group of above 50 yrs. There was found to be a statistical significance between age and obesity with a chi square value of 13.60 and a p value of less than 0.001. Conclusions: There was a significant association between age and obesity among bus drivers. There was also vast scope to avoid health risk factors by routine exercise, having regular diet and rest. With the help of experts of yoga, meditation, physical educationist, gymnasium experts etc. the drivers may be given counselling as to how to maintain the body mass index. 

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