scholarly journals Aetiopathological evaluation of pleural effusions

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Nallamothu Murali Krishna ◽  
Vietla Sreeramulu ◽  
Sai Krishna Gurrala ◽  
T. Jaya Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Specific Therapy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Systematic Random Sampling ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Medical Wards ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Pleural Effusion (PE) is a sign of disease and not a diagnosis itself. Hence an attempt was made to find out the etiological diagnosis of pleural effusion in cases.Methods: Single center, observational, cross sectional hospital-based study. Samples were collected by systematic random sampling method; study was conducted in GSL Medical College. Patients admitted with pleural effusion in medical wards and ICU were taken. The patients >14 years age, both genders were included. All patients were interviewed to obtain detailed history and examined thoroughly as per pre-determined protocol. Chest x-ray, chest ultrasonogram, PF analysis, routine general investigations were conducted for all the participants; and pleural cytology in certain cases. PF was aspirated send for various microbiological investigations such as gram stain, culture.Results: Out of 104 study participants, 78 were men and 26 were women and peak incidence of pleural effusion is 41-50 years. In this study, 58% cases were found to be tuberculoid, 25% malignant, 6% pyogenic.Conclusions: Tuberculosis was found to be commonest and more prevalent cause of pleural effusion. Every case of pleural effusion should be meticulously investigated in order to arrive a diagnosis, whether tuberculous or non-tuberculous to proceed for specific therapy.

Prevalence of Hypertension in Hemorrhagic Stroke at NGMCTH, Kohalpur

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-14
Author(s):  
Anil Shrestha ◽  
Richa Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Regular Treatment ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Chronic Disability ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Serious Disease

 Aim: To study the prevalence of hypertension in hemorrhagic stroke in patients admitted in medical units of Nepalgunj Medical College Teaching Hospital (NGMCTH), Kohalpur. Background : Hemorrhagic stroke has remained a serious disease despite recent advances in medical treatment. It is one of the most common emergencies encountered in clinical practice and predominantly effects elderly population leading to chronic disability and dependency. This study was designed to identify hypertension as a major cause of Intracerbral hemorrhage (ICH). Material and methods: This is a cross sectional descriptive study conducted in the department of medicine of NGMCTH, Kohalpur between June 2017 and November 2017. A total of 51 patients were included in the study. History and clinical examinations were recorded. Plain CT scan head, ECG and chest x-ray PA view were done and the data were recorded and analysed. Result: The age of patients ranged from 48 to 89 years with the mean age of 66.72 years. Among 51 patients, high BP at presentation along with ECG showing LVH was seen in 38 patients (74.5%) and chest x-ray PA view showing cardiomegaly was seen in 31 patients (60.8%). Most commonly involved ethinic group was Tharu (45.1%). Conclusion: Hypertension is a major cause of ICH. So, early detection and regular treatment of hypertension with appropriate antihypertensive drugs and life style modification would prevent ICH.

scholarly journals Lung Ultrasound in Patients With Dyspnea From Infective Lung Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierluigi Bracciale ◽  
Salvatore Bellanova ◽  
Cristiana Cipriani
Keyword(s):  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Lung Ultrasound ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chest X Ray

Infective lung disease is a spectrum of pulmonary disorders with high prevalence in clinical practice. In the last decade, many studies focused on the clinical usefulness of lung ultrasound (LUS) in the management of patients presenting with dyspnea from infective lung disease. We report data on the methodological and standardized use of bedside LUS in the differential diagnosis of patients with acute dyspnea from infective lung diseases. We performed a cross-sectional study in 439 patients (160 women and 279 men, mean age 64.2 ± 11.5 years, age range 23–91 years) with infective lung diseases. A bedside LUS with a convex probe and chest X-ray were performed in all subjects. Chest CT was performed in a subgroup of patients, as clinically needed. We observed a statistically significant difference in the percentage of pleural effusion and pulmonary consolidation assessed by LUS, compared to X-ray (52.7 vs. 20%, respectively, p < 0.05; 93.6 vs. 48.2%, p < 0.001). The majority of the consolidations detected by LUS were mixed, hypo- and hyperechoic, lesions, with air bronchogram in 40% of cases. All findings assessed by LUS were confirmed by chest CT, when performed. We describe the actual role of LUS in the assessment of patients with infective lung disease. It has higher sensitivity compared to chest X-ray in the detection of pleural effusion. Consolidations from infective lung disease have mostly mixed echogenicity by LUS.

Lingual Dystonia Treated with Botulinum Toxin - A Case Report

1970 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-78
Author(s):  
MA Hayee ◽  
QD Mohammad ◽  
H Rahman ◽  
M Hakim ◽  
SM Kibria
Keyword(s):  
Botulinum Toxin ◽  
Botulinum Toxin A ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Type A ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Type ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Lingual Dystonia ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chest X Ray

A 42-year-old female presented in Neurology Department of Sir Salimullah Medical College with gradually worsening difficulty in talking and eating for the last four months. Examination revealed dystonic tongue, macerated lips due to continuous drooling of saliva and aspirated lungs. She had no history of taking antiparkinsonian, neuroleptics or any other drugs causing dystonia. Chest X-ray revealed aspiration pneumonia corrected later by antibiotics. She was treated with botulinum toxin type-A. Twenty units of toxin was injected in six sites of the tongue. The dystonic tongue became normal by 24 hours. Subsequent 16 weeks follow up showed very good result and the patient now can talk and eat normally. (J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2006; 24: 75-78)

Comparison of Heffner Criteria and Light Criteria in Differentiating Exudative and Transudative Pleural Effusion

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-145
Author(s):  
Krishna Chandra Devkota ◽  
S Hamal ◽  
PP Panta
Keyword(s):  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Pleural Space ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Exudative Pleural Effusion

Pleural effusion is present when there is >15ml of fluid is accumulated in the pleural space. It can be divided into two types; exudative and transudative pleural effusion. Tuberculosis and parapneumonic effusion are the common cause of exudative pleural effusion whereas heart failure accounts for most of the cases of transudative pleural effusion. This study was a hospital based cross sectional study performed at Nepal Medical College during the period of January 2016-December 2016. A total of 50 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were enrolled. Pleural effusion was confirmed by clinical examination and radiology. After confirmation of pleural effusion, pleural fluid was aspirated and was analysed for protein, LDH, cholesterol. The Heffner criteria was compared with Light criteria to classify exudative or transudative pleural effusion. Among 50 patients, 30 were male and 20 were female. The mean age of patient was 45.4±21.85 years. The sensitivity and specificity of using Light criteria to detect the two type of pleural effusion was 100% and 90.9%, whereas using Heffner criteria was 94.87%, 100% respectively(P<0.01). There are variety of causes for development of pleural effusion and no one criteria is definite to differentiate between exudative or transudative effusion. In this study Light criteria was more sensitive whereas Heffner criteria was more specific to classify exudative pleural effusion. Hence a combination of criteria might be useful in case where there is difficulty to identify the cause of pleural effusion.

Determinants of Face Mask Utilization to Prevent Covid-19 Pandemic among Quarantined Adults in Tigrai Region, Northern Ethiopia, 2020

2021 ◽  
pp. 105477382110132
Author(s):  
Mekonnen Haftom ◽  
Pammla M. Petrucka
Keyword(s):  
Employment Status ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Systematic Random Sampling ◽  
Vital Component ◽  
Study Participants

A face mask is a vital component of personal protective equipment to prevent potentially contagious respiratory infections. There was a lack of evidence showing the proportion and determinants of face mask use in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to identify face mask utilization determinants to prevent spread of the Covid-19 pandemic among quarantined adults in Tigrai region, northern Ethiopia. A total of 331 participants selected using a systematic random sampling method were included in the study. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was employed. After describing the variables using frequencies, means, and standard deviations, multivariable logistic regression determined factors associated with face mask utilization to prevent COVID-19 spread. The study participants were primarily males (70%) and mean age was 30.5 ( SD = 11) years. Nearly half of the participants reported they did not wear a face mask when leaving home. Face mask utilization was significantly associated with knowledge score, employment status, gender, age, and educational status of the study participants.

scholarly journals Prevalence of thinness, overweight and obesity among Tibetan adolescents aged 12-17 years

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Yunfei Zhang ◽  
Jiahong Sun ◽  
Min Zhao ◽  
Costan G. Magnussen ◽  
Xi Bo
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Clear Trend ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Objective: To estimate the prevalence of thinness, overweight and obesity among Tibetan adolescents aged 12-17 years. Design: Cross-sectional survey. Setting: Shigatse city of Tibet municipality, with an average altitude of more than 4000 m. Subjects: Study participants included 2,642 adolescents aged 12-17 years selected from 6 schools using a convenient cluster sampling method. Results: The prevalence of thinness/overweight/obesity among Tibetan adolescents was 9.4%/5.4%/1.4% (China definition), 14.7%/4.4%/0.7% (IOTF definition), and 2.8%/5.7%/0.9% (WHO definition). The prevalence of thinness and overweight was significantly different between both sexes based on each of three BMI classification criteria (P <0.001). There was no significant difference in the prevalence of obesity between both sexes according to each of three BMI criteria. There was no clear trend in the prevalence of thinness across ages according to the China or IOTF definition (both P >0.05), whereas an upward trend was observed for thinness in boys according to the IOTF definition (P for trend <0.05). In contrast, the prevalence of thinness tended to decrease with increasing age in girls according to the IOTF definition, and in total sample according to the WHO definition (P for trend <0.05). Conclusions: Among Tibetan adolescents, the prevalence of overweight and obesity is relatively low, while the prevalence of thinness is high, especially in boys. These data suggest urgent attention is needed to control adolescent thinness in Tibet.

SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC AND ANTHROPOMETRIC PROFILE OF DIABETIC PATIENTS ATTENDING IN A DIABETIC CLINIC IN A TERTIARY MEDICAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL, WEST BENGAL

2021 ◽  
pp. 12-15
Author(s):  
Smarajit Banik ◽  
Sandip Saha ◽  
Sudipan Mitra ◽  
Ujjwal Pattanayak ◽  
Rajib Sikder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Bengal ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Diabetes Clinic ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the important causes of morbidity and mortality. With a rise in non communicable diseases in India, diabetes has become a modern epidemic showing a rising trend in West Bengal also. A large number of diabetes patients come to the diabetes clinic of our tertiary care hospital in North Bengal Medical College and Hospital, Darjeeling, West Bengal. The large proportion of patients presenting with this condition prompted us to study the Sociodemographic and Anthropometric Prole of such patients. Methods: This was a descriptive hospital based cross sectional study involving a total of 344 diabetic patients enrolled in the diabetes clinic of a tertiary care teaching hospital from December 2019 to February 2020. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data and was analyzed in Microsoft excel sheet and using SPSS 20.0 software. Results: Among the 344 study participants, we found that 220 (63.95%) were males and 124 (36.05%) were females. Diabetes was more common among those aged 51-60 years 108 (31.40%). Family history was present among 188 (54.65%) of the diabetic patients. Almost 160 (46.51%) patients have diabetes 1.1 – 5 years. Hypertension was present among 216 (62.79%) patients. Almost 218 (63.37%) of the patients were overweight and 84 (24.42%) were obese. Conclusions: The diabetic patients presenting to this tertiary care hospital belong lower socioeconomic strata and having limited education in their age group. There is high proportion of obesity and hypertension among them.

scholarly journals Correlation between chest x-ray findings and outcomes of patients with mechanical ventilation

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Indah Nurhayati ◽  
Muhammad Supriatna ◽  
Kamilah Budhi Raharjani ◽  
Eddy Sudijanto
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Pulmonary Edema ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chest X Ray

Background Most infants and children admitted to the pediatricintensive care unit (PICU) have respiratory distress and pulmonarydisease as underlying conditions. Mechanical ventilation may beused to limit morbidity and mortality in children with respiratoryfailure.Objective To assess a correlation between chest x-ray findingsand outcomes of patients with mechanical ventilation.Methods This retrospective study was held in Dr. KariadiHospital, Semarang, Indonesia. Data was collected from themedical records of children admitted to the PICU from Januaryto December 2010, who suffered from respiratory distress andused mechanical ventilation. We compared chest x-ray findings tothe outcomes of patients. Radiological expertise was provided byradiologists on duty at the time. Chi-square and logistic regressiontests were used for statistical analysis.Results There were 63 subjects in our study, consisting of 28 malesand 35 females. Patient outcomes were defined as survived or died,43 subjects ( 68%) and 20 subjects (3 2%), respectively. Chest x-rayfindings revealed the following conditions: bronchopneumonia48% (P=0.298; 95%CI 0.22 to 1.88), pleural effusion 43%(P=0.280; 95%CI 0.539 to 4.837) , pulmonary edema 6%(P=0.622; 95%CI 0.14 to 14.62) and atelectasis 3% (P=0.538;95%CI 0.03 to 7 .62). None of the chest x-ray findings significantlycorrelated to patient outcomes.Conclusion Chest x-ray findings do not correlate to patientoutcomes in pediatric subjects with mechanical ventilation inthe PICU of Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang, Indonesia.

scholarly journals Ewing's sarcoma of rib

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 41-43
Author(s):  
Sk Moazzem Hossain ◽  
Farjana Kabir ◽  
SM Kamal ◽  
Debasish Kumar Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Chest Wall ◽  
Ewing’S Sarcoma ◽  
Ewing's Sarcoma ◽  
Bone Tumour ◽  
Mass Lesion ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Medical College ◽  
First Rib

Ewing's sarcoma is an uncommon malignant bone tumour occuring in children, adolescents and young adults. We report a case of a 13 year old male admitted to Khulna Medical College Hospital with history of pain and swelling in chest wall for two weeks. Earlier chest X-ray showed a mass lesion in the left upper part of chest wall and erosion of first rib. Subsequent X-ray revealed left sided massive pleural effusion. CT scan revealed a mass lesion in the left upper part of chest wall originated from left first rib and left sided pleural effusion. FNAC from the mass lesion revealed features suggestive of Ewing's sarcoma. Patient was treated with chemotherapy and after first cycle there was significant improvement of all the signs and symptoms.Bang Med J (Khulna) 2017; 50 : 41-43

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