Annual Variation in Stink Bug (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) Seasonal Abundance and Species Composition in Georgia Soybean and Its Impact on Yield and Quality

1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. McPherson ◽  
G. K. Douce ◽  
R. D. Hudson
Keyword(s):  
Threshold Level ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Seasonal Abundance ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Stink Bug ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
South Central ◽  
Major Pest ◽  
Piezodorus Guildinii

Six soybean fields in southwest, south central and southeast Georgia were sampled weekly, beginning in mid-June and continuing until mid-October 1987–1991, for the presence of stink bug pests. Nezara viridula (L.), Acrosternum hilare (Say), Euschistus servus (Say), and Piezodorus guildinii (Westwood) comprised over 98% of the stink bug complex during this period, although eight other pest species plus three predatory species also were encountered. Stink bug population densities began to steadily increase in mid-August as the pods began to fill with seeds and peaked in mid-September to early October. Piezodorus guildinii accounted for over 13% of the total stink bug complex in 1987, but was present at low densities (less than 1%) the next four seasons. The three years when stink bug pests caused economic losses to soybean (1988, 1989 and 1991), the high population levels were due to high numbers of N. viridula. The years with low seasonal stink bug populations (1987 and 1990) had near equal numbers of the major pest species. When the stink bug complex exceeded the current treatment threshold level of 9 per 25 sweeps, significant reductions in soybean yield and quality were documented.

scholarly journals Potentials of some entomopathogens against the brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stål, 1855) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elif Tozlu ◽  
Islam Saruhan ◽  
Göksel Tozlu ◽  
Recep Kotan ◽  
Fatih Dadaşoğlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Fungal Isolate ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Halyomorpha Halys ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Brown Marmorated Stink Bug ◽  
Stink Bug ◽  
Bacterial Isolates

AbstractThe brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stål, 1855) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), is an invasive harmful pest species due to its economic losses. Its wide host range and continuous movement make its control difficult with insecticides. Biological control has recently gained importance due to the negative aspects of chemical control. The study evaluated the biological control tools by testing the entomopathogens against the pest by 11 bacteria strains and 1 fungal isolate. Brevibacillus, Bacillus, Pantoea, Vibrio, Pseudomonas, and Beauveria were tested against the nymphs of H. halys under controlled conditions. All applied entomopathogens had potentials for controlling H. halys. Mortality rates of 75 and 100% were obtained by the bacteria strains and 76.19% by the fungus, B. bassiana. Successfully reaching a 100% control rate, the bacterial isolates of the Bacillus cereus GC subgroup B and Pantoea agglomerans GC subgroup were recorded to have a greater potential than the others.

scholarly journals Integrated Management of Tomato Whitefly Under Greenhouse Conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 443
Author(s):  
Jonas A. Arnemann ◽  
Júlia G. Bevilaqua ◽  
Lauro Bernardi ◽  
Danielle O. da Rosa ◽  
Fábio A. da Encarnação ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Management ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Major Pest ◽  
Crop Cycle

The whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius, 1889) is a major pest species in many agricultural crops worldwide. Growers from the Vale do Caí region, in Southern Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul state) have been facing severe economic losses due to the increasing damages caused by this sucking insect in their horticultural crops. Small-scale farming in the Vale do Caí region relies heavily on horticulture, with many families involved in the activity and a consumer market spread throughout the whole state. Virus transmission and other damages inflicted by B. tabaci are especially harmful to tomato plants, and the managing of the pest currently demands two thirds of all chemical insecticides used in the region. While chemical control remains the main strategy for whitefly management on tomato crops, control failures and lack of updated information have led tomato growers to raise the number of sprays per crop cycle, with selection of resistant populations and harmful effects on the environment as consequent risks. The aim of this work was to evaluate chemical compounds and bioinsecticides in the control of B. tabaci nymphs and adults on tomato plants grown in two different greenhouses and under natural infestation conditions. The most efficient treatment for the control of B. tabaci adults was cyantraniliprole + lambda-cyhalothrin (50+30 g a.i. ha-1) with 64% of average control efficiency. As for nymph control, the most efficient treatment was the Embrapa formula, a bioinsecticide composed of 0.5% flaxseed oil + 0.5% neutral detergent + 0.3% sodium bicarbonate, which resulted in 72% of whitefly control in average.

scholarly journals Managing Whitefly on Soybean

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Jonas A. Arnemann ◽  
Henrique Pozebon ◽  
Rafael P. Marques ◽  
Dener R. Ferreira ◽  
Leonardo S. Patias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rio Grande ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Control Efficiency ◽  
Lambda Cyhalothrin ◽  
Major Pest ◽  
Average Control ◽  
Middle West

The whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius, 1889) is a major pest species in soybean, leading to severe economic losses on this crop due to the difficulties involved on its management. Previously restricted to the Middle-west and Southeast regions of Brazil, whitefly infestations have steadily increased in the Southern state of Rio Grande do Sul, the third biggest soybean growing region of the country. Control failures and scarcity of updated information have led Brazilian soybean growers to raise excessively the number of sprays per crop season, increasing control costs and jeopardizing the long-term sustainbility of this strategy due to selection of resistant strains and potential harmful effects on the environment. The aim of this work was to evaluate the performance of different chemical insecticides in the control of B. tabaci nymphs and adults on soybean crops in two different sites, under the field conditions faced by the growers in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. The most efficient treatment for the control of B. tabaci adults was cyantraniliprole + lambda-cyhalothrin, at the doses of 100 + 7.5 g a.i. ha-1, which provided 65% of average control efficiency. As for nymph control, the most efficient treatment was acetamiprid + pyriproxyfen, at the doses of 60 + 30 g a.i. ha-1, which resulted in 67% of whitefly control in average. Two sequential sprays beginning at the infestation onset are recommended in order to enhance control efficiency.

scholarly journals Insect fauna of pests and their natural enemies inhabiting sorghum-panicles in Egypt

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hosam M. K. H. El-Gepaly
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Parasitoid Species ◽  
Insect Fauna ◽  
Cryptoblabes Gnidiella ◽  
Arthropod Species ◽  
Lepidopteran Pests ◽  
Major Pest

AbstractSorghum panicles offer a very rich microenvironment for many insect pest species and their natural enemies. Thirty arthropod species belonging to 28 families, pertaining to 9 orders were obtained from sorghum panicles planted in Sohag Governorate, Egypt, during the 3 successive seasons of 2016–2018. Out of these species were 14 pests, 16 predators, and 3 parasitoids. Lepidopteran and hemipteran pests were the most dominant species-infested sorghum-panicles during the mature stages of the panicles. Three microlepidopteran pests, the noctuid, Eublemma (Autoba) gayneri (Roth.); the pyralid, Cryptoblabes gnidiella Millière, and the cosmopterigid, Pyroderces simplex Walsingham, were recorded as major pest species infesting sorghum panicles in Sohag Governorate. The dipteran parasitoid species, Nemorilla floralis (Fallen) (Tachinidae) emerged from the pupae of the E. gayneri and C. gnidiella, while the hymenopteran parasitoid, Brachymeria aegyptiaca (Chalcididae) was obtained from the pupae of all the studied microlepidopteran pests. Spiders, coccinellids, and Orius spp. were the dominant predators collected form panicles. Post-harvest, larvae, and pupae of lepidopteran pests, especially P. simplex recorded (147, 96, and 79 larvae) and (47, 30, and 73 pupae)/10 panicles in 2016, 2017, and 2018 seasons, respectively.

scholarly journals Monitoring Nutrient Status of Brown Marmorated Stink Bug Adults and Nymphs on Summer Holly

Insects ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Skillman ◽  
Nik Wiman ◽  
Jana Lee
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Ecology ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Egg Load ◽  
Brown Marmorated Stink Bug ◽  
Stink Bug ◽  
Nutrient Index ◽  
Major Pest ◽  
Sugar Levels ◽  
Index Weight

Halyomorpha halys (Stål), or brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), has become a major pest and nuisance for both agricultural growers and homeowners since its arrival in North America and Europe. The nutritional ecology of BMSB is important for understanding its life history and rearing requirements. However, little is known about the nutritional status of wild populations, especially in the U.S. This research monitored the nutrient status of nymphal and adult BMSB collected from English holly in western Oregon. We measured their weight, nutrient index (weight/(prothorax × width)3), lipid, glycogen and sugar levels and egg load from May–September/October. First, glycogen and sugar levels of adults were often lowest sometime in June-August with a general increase by September. Meanwhile, their lipid levels varied without a discernible trend. Second, adult females had few eggs in May, with the highest egg load in June and July, and no eggs by September. Lastly, first and second nymphal instars were found in June, and fourth and fifth instars in September. Because nothing is known about the nutrient levels of nymphs, the reported values from this survey can assist future research on physiological responses of BMSB to treatments or environmental impacts in the field.

Evaluation of Four Stink Bug Species From Three Genera Affecting Soybean Yield and Quality in Louisiana13

1979 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. McPherson ◽  
L. D. Newsom ◽  
B. F. Farthing
Keyword(s):  
Stink Bug ◽  
Soybean Yield ◽  
Yield And Quality

scholarly journals A DNA investigation into the mysterious disappearance of the Rocky Mountain grasshopper, mega-pest of the 1800s

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Chapco ◽  
G. Litzenberger
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Nucleotide Diversity ◽  
Rocky Mountain ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
History Of Agriculture ◽  
Extant Species ◽  
Remarkable Event ◽  
History Of ◽  
Major Pest

The mysterious extinction of the Rocky Mountain Grasshopper, Melanoplus spretus, a major pest species on the prairies and plains of the 1800s, is truly a remarkable event in the history of agriculture. Recently, we obtained specimens of M. spretus from museums and from 400-year-old glacial deposits in Wyoming. We report success in obtaining mitochondrial DNA sequences from both sources. This permitted us to examine two issues surrounding the species’ disappearance. First, a long-standing view that M. spretus and the extant species Melanoplus sanguinipes are (if not phase transforms of one another) sister taxa, is disputed, but cannot be rejected with certainty. Interestingly, there is some evidence that suggests there may be a closer affinity with another member of the Mexicanus species-group, Melanoplus bruneri. Second, because M. spretus still possesses considerable nucleotide diversity (1.15 ± 0.19%), a depletion of variation cannot be considered a factor contributing to its demise.

scholarly journals Valuation of Weed Control Methods by using Inter Row Rotary Weeder in Sugarcane Crop

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Khaliq ◽  
Hafiz Basheer Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Ashfaq Nadeem ◽  
Arshad Mehmood ◽  
Naeem Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Integrated Control ◽  
Threshold Level ◽  
Cane Yield ◽  
Healthy Environment ◽  
Sugarcane Crop ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Research Experiment ◽  
Weeds Control

Background: Weeds are one of major threats to crop yield and quality. Weeds compete with cane crop and reduce the yield significantly in a very short period. Planned use of all available farm resources leads to integrated control strategy. The current study aimed to study the use of inter row rotary weeder for integrated weeds management to control population dynamics of weeds in sugarcane crop. The objective of experiment is to find out economical, feasible and easy to use approach to minimize the weed density below the threshold level in sugarcane crop and to minimize the use of chemicals for weeds control to promote organic farming. Method: In this research experiment, at Sugarcane Research Institute, Faisalabad during 2017 and 2018, the treatment includes viz. Application od Click (atrazine and acetochlor) @ 3.75 Liter per hectare as Pre-emergence, Ametryn + Atrazine 80 W.P @ 2.50 kg per hectare as post-emergence, Machanical Inter-culture with Rotary weeder and cultivator plough and earthing up. These treatments in different combinations were compared with control. Results: The application of Pre-emergence weedicide Click (atrazine and acetochlor) @ 3.75 Liter per hectare + Inter culture with Rotary weeder 50 days after planting (DAP) + Inter culture with cultivator plough before earthing up (100 DAP) produced significantly higher cane yield of 105 t. ha-1 and highest net benefits per hectare of Rs. 156250/-. The lowest cane yield of 70 t. ha-1 was noted from the experimental units with Weedy check / control. If farmers use this approach, the use of post emergence weedicides will be minimized and will encourage organic farming with safe and healthy environment.

scholarly journals A Way Forward to Combat Insect Pest in Rice

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
MP Ali ◽  
B Nessa ◽  
MT Khatun ◽  
MU Salam ◽  
MS Kabir
Keyword(s):  
Yield Loss ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Management Options

The damage caused by insect pest is the continual factor for the reduction of rice production. To date, 232 rice insect pest species are identified in Bangladesh and more than 100 species of insects are considered pests in rice production systems globally, but only about 20 - 33 species can cause significant economic loss. The major goal of this study is to explore all the possible ways of developed and proposed technologies for rice insect pests management and minimize economic losses. Insect pests cause 20% average yield loss in Asia where more than 90% of the world's rice is produced. In Bangladesh, outbreak of several insects such as rice hispa, leafroller, gallmidge, stem borers and brown planthopper (BPH) occurs as severe forms. Based on previous reports, yield loss can reach upto 62% in an outbreak situation due to hispa infestation. However, BPH can cause 44% yield loss in severe infestested field. To overcome the outbreaks in odd years and to keep the loss upto 5%, it is necessary to take some preventive measures such as planting of resistant or tolerant variety, stop insecticide spraying at early establishment of rice, establish early warning and forecasting system, avoid cultivation of susceptible variety and following crop rotation. Subsequent quick management options such as insecticidal treatment for specific insect pest should also be broadcasted through variety of information systems. Advanced genomic tool can be used to develop genetically modified insect and plants for sustainable pest management. In addition, to stipulate farmers not use insecticides at early crop stgae and minimize general annualized loss, some interventions including training rice farmers, regular field monitoring, digitalization in correct insect pests identification and their management (example; BRRI rice doctor mobile app), and demonstration in farmers field. Each technology itself solely or combination of two or more or all the packages can combat the insect pests, save natural enemies, harvest expected yield and contribute to safe food production in Bangladesh. Bangladesh Rice J. 25 (1) : 1-22, 2021

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