scholarly journals Modern American school during the crisis of the colorblind racial ideology

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 344-348
Author(s):  
Olga E. Saveleva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Multicultural Education ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Racial Ideology ◽  
Colleges Of Education ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Weak Points ◽  
Basic Features ◽  
Relevant Pedagogy

The article analyses the ideological crisis, which the US system of education faces nowadays. It evaluates the colorblind racial ideology that has remained predominant for several decades, its basic features, strong and weak points, and a number of social racial problems, which arose due to the prevalence of this ideology in schools and colleges of education in the USA. The author brings a set of reasons given by supporters of the considered ideology, and proves the fact that despite its original right-mindedness this ideology often gives reverse results. The study dwells upon the ways of how the colorblind racial ideology negatively influences the educational process of the black US citizens. It also highlights the XXI century’s alternative trends, which advocate for multicultural education and encourage instructing people on racial problems and interaction. The conclusion goes that the search of optimal ways to integrate the culturally relevant pedagogy into the USA’s system of education has started but is still far from being completed, which provides space for a wide range of further scientific and methodological research.

scholarly journals FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF PHARMACEUTICAL EDUCATION IN RUSSIA, BELARUS AND THE USA (THE 16TH CENTURY - THE 70’S OF THE 20TH CENTURY)

2021 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 94-106
Author(s):  
M. Sh. Conroy ◽  
V. F. Sosonkina
Keyword(s):  
Educational Process ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The Right ◽  
Pharmaceutical Education

Formation and development of pharmaceutical education in Russia, Belarus and the USA based on the analysis of a wide range of references at different historical stages is studied. The dates of establishing first pharmacies, educational institutions and pharmacopoeia editions in the countries are indicated. Analysis and comparative characteristics of the educational process in different countries is made, its general and fundamental differences are reflected. It is noted that this process was decentralized in the US and at the same time it was centralized in continental Europe including Russia and Belarus. Classification of pharmacies in the Russian Empire in the pre-revolutionary period of 1917, obtaining by women the right to be engaged in pharmaceutical activities, are presented. Some people who had a strong influence on the development of the pharmaceutical education are listed and among them were A. Fennel, G. Eger, E. Highstreet, K. Dov, A. Lesnevskaya, A. Iovskiy, Y. Trapp, V. Tikhomirov. The role of educational institutions in improving qualifications of certified specialists is indicated. The article lists the Soviet institutions which trained pharmaceutical personnel during the Great Patriotic War.

scholarly journals Peculiarities Of Cultural Interaction In Education: The US Experience

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-101
Author(s):  
Olga Baybakova ◽  
Larysa Sidun
Keyword(s):  
Multicultural Education ◽  
Multicultural Society ◽  
Cultural Interaction ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Social Components ◽  
Racial Ethnic

AbstractArticle deals with the problem of multicultural education. Ukraine, being a multicultural society, requires a new conception of the world, aimed at integrating cultures and nations, their further convergence as well as cultural enrichment. In this context the experience of many foreign countries, especially the USA, is very interesting. This country differs from average multicultural nations in a range of peculiarities, one of which is the fact that cultural interaction was not within an individual ethnos, but within immigrants–descendants of different countries, representatives of various cultures. It is underlined that the USA is the country that underwent durable trials in search for the most optimum ways to provide cultural interaction. The most modern response to the cultural diversity at the end of the 20th century in the USA became the policy of multiculturalism. Multiculturalism is considered to be a democratic policy of solving the problem of cultural and social diversity in the society, which includes educational, linguistic, economic and social components and has specific mechanisms of embodiment.The interpretation of multicultural education is proposed as that one, which facilitates the formation in a person of the readiness for activities in a modern socio-cultural environment, preservation of personal identity, aspiration for respect and understanding of other cultural and ethnical communities, the ability to live in peace and harmony with representatives of various racial, ethnic, cultural, religious groups.

scholarly journals The formation of a multicultural space as a real necessity of modern education

2021 ◽  
Vol 273 ◽  
pp. 12159
Author(s):  
Valentina Demchenko ◽  
Ekaterina Egorova
Keyword(s):  
Multicultural Education ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
University Teachers ◽  
Cultural Systems ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The University ◽  
Language Competencies

The purpose of this study is to develop a model of the multicultural space of the university. The objectives of the research are to analyze the multicultural approach to education, its principles, methods, technologies and advantages for creating a safe educational space in the conditions of a modern intercultural society. The formation of a multicultural space in the university allows us to determine the main tasks and guidelines of the educational process, including: the socio-cultural approach to the organization of multicultural education; the priority of the relationship between language and culture; maximum personal development with a wide range of foreign language competencies. The research methodology is based on ethnographic, cross-cultural and semiotic methods of studying cultural systems and cross-cultural situations. As a result of the research, the principles, methods, and innovative pedagogical technologies of implementing the educational process in the conditions of intercultural interaction between students and university teachers are described and classified. The study presents a descriptive model of the multicultural space of the Russian university.

A review of angel investing research: analysis of data and returns in the US and abroad

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 716-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael B. McDonald ◽  
Ramon P. DeGennaro
Keyword(s):  
Investment Project ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Us ◽  
Angel Investing ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Research Analysis ◽  
Angel Investors

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the literature on angel investors. Research on angel investors is sparse because data are sparse. Most comprehensive studies of angel investors have focused on the USA and UK. In these studies, definitions of angel investors and estimates of returns on angel investments vary dramatically. What can one make of this wide range of reported returns? Design/methodology/approach The authors examine the literature and find that the calculations of reported results are vague. Findings Most researchers do not explicitly report if their estimates are equal-weighted or value-weighted, nor do they say whether the results are weighted by the duration of the investment. The authors show that the unit of analysis – investment, project or angel – affects interpretations. Practical implications Limitations on the comparability between various studies of angel investing returns leave the current literature incomplete. They also offer opportunities for future study in the area. Originality/value The authors are the first to examine the angel investing literature in a comprehensive fashion, comparing between various returns found across all major studies of the subject done to date.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF SERVICE LEARNING IN THE US STUDENTS’ CITIZENSHIP FORMATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 223-227
Author(s):  
Yuliia SHARANOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Service Learning ◽  
Community Service ◽  
Learning Experience ◽  
Teaching Strategy ◽  
Rapid Change ◽  
The United States ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Usa

Introductain. The article highlights the ed-ucational potential of service learning in the US higher education in the process of forming students' citizenship. Teaching community service as a highly effective peda-gogical practice in American higher education institutions ensures the development of students' readiness for a meaningful and responsible life in an interdependent world characterized by uncertainty, rapid change and destabilizing inequality, and serves as a basis for forming students’ citizenship.The definition of community service learning by the American educators, who see it as a form of learning, as well as a teaching strategy that combines sociallysignifi-cant activities with an educational process based on reflection with the view to enriching students' learning experience, building civic responsibility and strengthening communities, is considered. The basic requirements of conformity of service learning in universities and colleges of the USA to the status of educational discipline are characterized.It is noted that teaching service learning in higher ed-ucation institutions in the United States promotes, through dialogue and cooperation, the social and cognitive devel-opment of students who, coming from the comfort zone to the contact zone, learn to interact effectively with each other and other people as well

‘Too Scared to Prosecute and Too Scared to Jail?’ A Critical and Comparative Analysis of Enforcement of Financial Crime Legislation Against Corporations in the USA and the UK

2018 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Ryder
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Responsibility ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Interesting Case ◽  
Financial Crime ◽  
Senior Managers ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Crime Legislation ◽  
The Uk

This article has two aims. First, it critically considers the responses towards tackling corporate financial crime in the USA. Secondly, it analyses the UK’s efforts to tackle corporate financial crime and then compares them with the USA. The USA presents an interesting case study for this article due to its robust and aggressive stances towards tackling financial crime and also because it is one of the largest financial markets. Similarly, the UK has adopted a strong stance towards tackling financial crime and is also regarded as one of the most important global financial centres. Therefore, by comparing the two contrasting approaches towards corporate financial crime, it is hoped that the best practices from each country could be adopted. The first section of the article concentrates on the judicial response towards corporate financial crime in the USA and it then moves onto highlight and critique the decision of the US Department of Justice (DoJ) to alter its enforcement policy by moving away from indicting corporations to using deferred prosecution agreements (DPAs). Here, the continued use of DPAs is questioned because they have had a limited impact on the future conduct of corporations who are persistent reoffenders. The article sets out a wide range of arguments for why DPAs should not be the enforcement weapon of choice for the DoJ. The final part of this section critiques the ability of law enforcement and financial regulatory agencies to impose financial penalties and bring civil actions for a wide range of financial crimes under the Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery and Enforcement Act 1989. The second part of the article concentrates on the UK and concisely assesses the doctrine of corporate criminal liability, thus identifying the contrasting judicial approaches with the USA. The next section discusses the use of DPAs for breaches of the Bribery Act 2010 by the Serious Fraud Office. The section advocates that in the UK, DPAs must be utilised for a broader range of financial crime offences, thus drawing on the US model. The penultimate segment of the article identifies and comments on several alternative enforcement measures which could be used to counteract the limitations of the doctrine of corporate criminal responsibility in financial crime cases. This distinctively includes the Financial Conduct Authority’s Senior Managers and Certification Regime, its ability to impose financial penalties and to revoke the authorisation of a regulated corporation. The article concludes by making a number of recommendations and suggested reforms, thus further developing the scope of this research.

scholarly journals Does the African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) impact EU-15 imports from Africa?

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 1155-1180
Author(s):  
Aruneema Mahabir ◽  
Jingwen Fan ◽  
Robert Mullings
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Model ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Percentage Increase ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Special Rule ◽  
Displacement Effects ◽  
The Eu

PurposeAt the heart of the African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) are substantial trade preferences, which coupled with the Generalised System of Preferences (GSP) grant a wide range of goods produced in qualified African countries duty-free access to the USA. To be AGOA-eligible, countries are assessed annually on their progress in undertaking appropriate economic, institutional and human rights reforms. This paper seeks to cover new grounds by exploring whether exports of apparel to US crowds out EU-15's imports from Africa.Design/methodology/approachThis paper employs the gravity model to gauge trade displacement effects from the EU to the US due to AGOA, and whether the more relaxed special waiver embodied in AGOA's apparel provision causes non-knitted exports to EU-15 to be crowded out. The basic gravity model, which posits that trade between two countries is positively influenced by the economic size and negatively affected by the distance between them, is augmented with other trade inhibiting and trade facilitating variables.FindingsThe gravity model provides no evidence of trade displacement but, instead, provides support for the hypothesis of complementarity of African exports to the two key markets. A strong positive impact of the bilateral trade between the US and Africa on the EU–African trade is evident mainly before the phasing out of the Agreement on Textiles and Clothing (ATC). This paper finds that Special Rule beneficiaries' exports to the two markets still complement each other, but for every percentage increase in exports to the USA, there is a less than proportionate increase in exports to EU-15 indicating a higher utilisation of the special waiver. This paper also provides evidence for complementary apparel exports to both LDCs (least developing countries) and non-LDCs, with stronger effects on non-LDCs and the non-knitted sector.Research limitations/implicationsFuture work could consider the longer lifespan of AGOA following its latest renewal in 2015. This would allow one to also capture the ongoing changes in EU trade arrangements in particular implementation of Economic Partnership Agreements (EPAs). This new agreement comes with more flexible rules of origin requiring single transformation step instead of the double step. As most African nations are still in the process of adopting EPAs, new research can shed more light on complementary or displacement effects once these agreements are adopted.Originality/valueSince the main intent of AGOA is to enhance Africa's integration into the global economy by encouraging trade and investment, generate employment and increase productivity and per capita income growth, its impact on Special Rule beneficiaries' exports to the US has been extensively examined. However, the indirect effects of this trade agreement on African exports to other key markets providing similar preferences such as the EU has not been fully explored. This study also covers new grounds by examining whether there has been any apparel trade displacement from the EU to the US, as a result of the Act, over 2001–2016 period right from AGOA's inception.

A review of policy, practices, and players governing and involved in the United States vaccine and immunization enterprise

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 138-151
Author(s):  
Angela K. Shen ◽  
Alice Y. Tsai ◽  
Guthrie S. Birkhead
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
The United States ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Usa ◽  
State And Local

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to outline the organization and governance of the US vaccine and immunization enterprise. It describes the major components of the US system including the various relationships between major federal government entities, stakeholders, and advisory committees that inform government policymaking at various points in the system. Design/methodology/approach The authors describe the complex interdependent network of partners that engage in a wide range of activities such as disease surveillance, research, vaccine development, regulatory licensure, practice recommendations, financing, service delivery, communications, and post-licensure monitoring. Findings The US system of governance is highly participatory and focuses on a transparent and open engagement, with input from a wide range of partners to inform decision-making. This collaborative framework allows many inputs to be heard and helps support the US vaccine and immunization system as it evolves to meet the continued public health needs in the USA through the optimal use of safe and effective vaccines. Originality/value This is an invited article on the US vaccine and immunization enterprise. The development and availability of vaccines in the USA has had profound impact on mortality and morbidity and public health (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2011). The success of this enterprise is a result of a blended public and private sector system with partnerships at the federal, state, and local levels of government to optimize the use of safe and effective vaccines. Governance structures have been established to support the interaction and decision-making among the federal and non-federal actors toward the common goal of controlling and preventing infectious diseases.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis Of Pedagogical Technologies In The Context Of Future Agrarians’ Multicultural Education In The USA

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-73
Author(s):  
Ruslan Kravets
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Multicultural Education ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Personality Factor ◽  
Initial Moment ◽  
Distance Teaching ◽  
Teaching Technology ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Higher Professional Education

AbstractIn the article the comparative analysis of pedagogical technologies in the USA has been carried out in the context of future agrarians’ multicultural education. The essence of traditional and innovative pedagogical technologies and the peculiarities of their realization at higher educational establishments have been viewed. The expediency of developing the pedagogical technology of forming future agrarians’ multicultural competence has been reasoned. The classification of pedagogical technologies has been presented according to the level of application; the philosophical basis; the scientific conception of mastering the experience; the orientation on personality’s structures; the nature of modernisation of the traditional teaching system. The possibility of their determination is also considered due to the aims and tasks, the organizational forms, the dominant methods of teaching, the approaches to the personality, the category of students, the type of cognitive activity’s organization and management. The special attention is paid to two directions of the education’s development – traditional and innovative. The educational process in the American post-industrial, inform society and its attributive characteristics are substantially determined by a personality factor, and pushing off from this, the value of personality must serve as an initial moment in organizing the system of higher professional education. The practical aspects of implementing the traditional pedagogical technology, the technology of developing teaching, the programmable teaching technology, the problem-solving teaching technology, the module teaching technology, the concentrated teaching technology and the distance teaching technology are viewed.

scholarly journals International experiences in stormwater fee

2018 ◽  
Vol 2017 (1) ◽  
pp. 287-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. A. Tasca ◽  
L. B. Assunção ◽  
A. R. Finotti
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Stormwater Management ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
The United States ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Legal Obligations ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Usa

Abstract Stormwater management (SWM) includes a wide range of services aimed at environmental protection, enhancement of water resources and flood control. Local governments are responsible for managing all these aspects within their jurisdiction, but they often present limitations in generating revenues. Thus, many municipalities have been seeking a dedicated funding source for these programs and practices. This publication provides a brief overview of current legal issues associated with stormwater funding focusing on the most used method: fees. It is a successful mechanism to fund legal obligations of municipalities; however, it must have a significant value to motivate the reduction of runoff. Through literature, we found stormwater fees in Australia, Brazil, Canada, Ecuador, France, Germany, Poland, South Africa and the United States (USA). France had the highest average monthly fee, but this financing experience was suspended in 2014. Brazil has the lowest fee by m², comparable to the US fee. While in Brazil overall SWM represents low priority investments, the USA represents one of the most evolved countries in stormwater funding practices. It was noticed by reviewing the international experience that charging stormwater fees is a successful mechanism to fund the legal obligations and environmental protection.

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