scholarly journals Demographic and Clinical Features Association With Mortality in Patients With COVID-19: A Cross-Sectional Study in the West of Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebrahim Jalili ◽  
Fariba Keramat ◽  
Saeid Bashirian ◽  
Salman Khazaei ◽  
Elaheh Talebi-Ghane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Chest Examination

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic as an emergency public health concern has caused hundreds of thousands of deaths in the world. Identifying predictors of death in COVID-19 patients is a key to improving survival and helping patients triage, better management, and assist physicians and health care. The present study was conducted on 512 positive COVID-19 patients confirmed by real-time PCR hospitalized in Sina Hospital, Hamadan, in 2020. The data of demographic characteristics, clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, chest examination, and disease outcome were collected. The logistic regression model was performed to explore the predictors of in-hospital mortality. Among 512 patients, 57 (11.1%) deaths have occurred. The adjusted odds ratios (OR) estimate of death in COVID-19 for patients with age more than 60 years versus those lower than 60 years was 3.15 (95% CI: 1.06, 9.37). The adjusted OR estimate of death in patients with hypertension comorbidity versus those with no comorbidity was 3.84 (95% CI: 1.27, 11.59). In addition, the adjusted OR estimate (95% CI) of death in patients with respiratory rate above 30 per minute, BUN >20 mg/dL, LDH >942 U/L and SGOT >45 U/L against lower than those values was respectively 10.72 (1.99, 57.68), 5.85 (2.19, 15.63), 13.42 (2.17, 83.22) and 2.86 (1.02, 8.05). The risk of death was higher among the patients with multiple comorbidity diseases, systolic BP lower than 90 mmHg, SPO2 lower than 88 and more than ten days hospitalization in comparison with COVID-19 patients with no comorbidity disease (P=0.002), systolic BP higher than 90 mmHg (P=0.002), SPO2 higher than 88 (P<0.001) and hospitalization for lower than ten days (P=0.012). Our findings suggest that older age, pre-existing hypertension and/or multiple co-morbidities, high respiratory rate, elevated BUN, LDH and SGOT, low systolic BP, and hypoxemia were independently associated with in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients. These results can be helpful for physicians and health care workers to improve clinical management and appropriate medical care of COVID-19 patients.

scholarly journals Disclosure of herbal medicine use to health care providers among pregnant women in Nepal: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansoor Ahmed ◽  
Hyea Bin Im ◽  
Jung Hye Hwang ◽  
Dongwoon Han
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Pregnant women’s disclosure of herbal medicine (HM) use to their health care providers during pregnancy is crucial, as misuse of HM can have a detrimental effect on both pregnant woman and the fetus. However, the lack of disclosure of HM use to physicians remains a public health concern in developing countries such as Nepal. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 postpartum women admitted at Maternity and Women’s Hospital located in Kathmandu, Nepal. The survey instrument included 30 questions on the use of HM during pregnancy, sociodemographic and health characteristics, and pregnancy outcomes. Chi-square test and logistic regression were conducted for data analysis using SPSS ver. 21.0., and a p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant for all analyses. Results 60.3% of respondents used at least one herbal remedy during their previous pregnancy, and the overall disclosure rate of HM use to healthcare providers was 54.6%. Women with secondary education level and four or more antenatal care visits were more likely to disclose their HM use to healthcare providers. Conclusions This study highlights that despite the popular use of HM among pregnant women in Nepal, most women obtained HM-related information from informal sources and did not disclose their HM use to physicians. To ensure the safe use of HM, physicians should integrate questions regarding patients’ HM use into their routine patient assessments to facilitate active communication and improve the quality of care.

scholarly journals Maternal knowledge related to anemia during pregnancy among a sample of mothers attending Primary Health Care centers. Baghdad.

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-77
Author(s):  
Maral F Thabit
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Maternal Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Primary Health Care Centers

Background: Anaemia is a major public health concern and is one of the most prevalent health issue in women within reproductive age group. Objective: to assess maternal knowledge related to anaemia during pregnancy. Type of the study: A cross –sectional study. Method: The study including 200 mothers who attended selected primary health care centres, Baghdad during November and December 2015, they completed a previously prepared questionnaire coveringsocio-demographic characteristics and knowledge regarding anaemia in 4 main domains. The responses were analysed by using frequency, percentage and percent score for each statement and overall percent score for each domain and mean overallpercent score for all the four domains. Results: the main source of information of the participated mothers was health personal (59.5%).The overall percent score for the main domains was good 71% for aetiology of disease, excellent 91% for signs and symptoms of anaemia, good 75% for complications of anaemia and very good 75% regarding ways of prevention and treatment. Conclusion: Satisfactory knowledge level of mothers regarding anaemia during pregnancy.

scholarly journals Frequency and Sensitivity of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Positive Organisms in a Secondary and Tertiary Level Hospital Network in Dhaka

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-87
Author(s):  
Shah Md Zahurul Haque Asna ◽  
Shameem Akhter ◽  
M Mushfequr Rahman ◽  
Najib Mohammad ◽  
MA Hafez
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

Background: Extended spectrum ?-lactamase (ESBL) positive organisms are now a global health concern including in Bangladesh. These are associated with treatment failure, increased morbidity and mortality and increased health care costs. In this study, frequency of ESBL positive organisms in some health care centres in Dhaka city has been observed and their current status of antibiogram has also been observed.Objective: To observe the current status of antibiogram of ESBL positive organisms.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was done in the Department of Microbiology, Bangladesh Institute of Health Sciences (BIHS) General Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from March, 2012 to February, 2013. Only E. coli and Klebsiella spp. from pus and urine specimens were included in this study. Isolation, identification and antibiotic sensitivity of the organisms were done by standard procedures.Results: Organisms (Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp.) isolated from urine and pus collected from different sites of 472 subjects were studied. Predominant organisms were Escherichia coli (82.8%) and remaining 17.2% were Klebsiella spp. ESBL positive organisms were higher in Escherichia coli (54.5%) than in Klebsiella spp. (44.4%) and higher in pus (77.0%) than in urine (49.1%) isolates. Imipenem is the most effective drug for treating ESBL positive organisms followed by colistin, tigecycline and piperacillin/tazobactam.Conclusion: Imipenem, colistin, tigecycline and piperacillin/tazobactam drugs should be kept reserved and used only when other effective drugs are not available so that emergence of resistance against these drugs is deferred. While reporting the culture and sensitivity tests, the ESBL positive organisms should be pointed out with comment like this – “The organisms are ESBL positive and resistant to penicillins, cephalosporins and monobactams”.J Enam Med Col 2015; 5(2): 80-87

scholarly journals Mortality among Hospitalized Dengue Patients with Comorbidities in Mexico, Brazil, and Colombia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro E. Macias ◽  
Guilherme L. Werneck ◽  
Raúl Castro ◽  
Cesar Mascareñas ◽  
Laurent Coudeville ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Severe Dengue ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Increased Risk

Dengue patients with comorbidities may be at higher risk of death. In this cross-sectional study, healthcare databases from Mexico (2008–2014), Brazil (2008–2015), and Colombia (2009–2017) were used to identify hospitalized dengue cases and their comorbidities. Case fatality rates (CFRs), relative risk, and odds ratios (OR) for in-hospital mortality were determined. Overall, 678,836 hospitalized dengue cases were identified: 68,194 from Mexico, 532,821 from Brazil, and 77,821 from Colombia. Of these, 35%, 5%, and 18% were severe dengue, respectively. Severe dengue and age ≥ 46 years were associated with increased risk of in-hospital mortality. Comorbidities were identified in 8%, 1%, and 4% of cases in Mexico, Brazil, and Colombia, respectively. Comorbidities increased hospitalized dengue CFRs 3- to 17-fold; CFRs were higher with comorbidities regardless of dengue severity or age. The odds of in-hospital mortality were significantly higher in those with pulmonary disorders (11.6 [95% CI 7.4–18.2], 12.7 [95% CI 9.3–17.5], and 8.0 [95% CI 4.9–13.1] in Mexico, Brazil, and Colombia, respectively), ischemic heart disease (23.0 [95% CI 6.6–79.6], 5.9 [95% CI 1.4–24.6], and 7.0 [95% CI 1.9–25.5]), and renal disease/failure (8.3 [95% CI 4.8–14.2], 8.0 [95% CI 4.5–14.4], and 9.3 [95% CI 3.1–28.0]) across the three countries; the odds of in-hospital mortality from dengue with comorbidities was at least equivalent or higher than severe dengue alone (4.5 [95% CI 3.4–6.1], 9.6 [95% CI 8.6–10.6], and 9.0 [95% CI 6.8–12.0). In conclusion, the risk of death because of dengue increases with comorbidities independently of age and/or disease severity.

scholarly journals A Retrospective Study on Snakebite Victims in a Tertiary Referral Center

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 47-50
Author(s):  
Nasim Zamani ◽  
◽  
Leila Modir-Fallah Rad ◽  
Kambiz Soltaninejad ◽  
Shahin Shadnia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Tertiary Referral ◽  
Tertiary Referral Hospital ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tertiary Referral Center

Background: Snakebite is a serious public health problem in the world. The annual incidence of snakebites ranges from 4.5-9.1 in 100,000 population in Iran. With regard to diversity of envenomation profiles in different geographical parts of Iran, the aim of this study was to determine the demographical data, clinical and laboratory findings, and the outcome of the snakebite victims referred to a tertiary referral hospital. Methods: In this retrospective, cross-sectional study in Loghman Hakim Hospital Poisoning Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, during a four-year period from March 2007 to March 2011. The demographic data, clinical manifestations, paraclinical findings, treatments performed before hospital admission, time elapsed between the bite and hospital admission, total dose of antivenom and the patients’ outcomes were investigated. Results: Seventy cases (58 males, 12 females) were evaluated. Most of the cases (79%) were older than 20 year old. The most common bite site was upper extremity (67%). Most of the patients were admitted within 5 h after the snakebite. The most common local and systemic manifestations were swelling (90%), pain (81.4%), nausea and vomiting (24.3%). Leukocytosis (35.7%) and thrombocytopenia (25.7%) were the most common laboratory abnormalities. Most of the patients (97.1%) were treated with antivenom. Fifty percent of the patients only received 3-5 vials of antivenom. The mortality rate was 1.4%. Necrosis of the toes and compartment syndrome were the only serious complications. Conclusion: The findings emphasize the importance of early admission to the hospital and treatment with antivenom to avoid morbidity and mortality.

scholarly journals Health seeking behavior during pregnancy and delivery in Morang District of Nepal

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-9
Author(s):  
RB Sah ◽  
L Subedi ◽  
U Shah ◽  
N Jha
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Care Center ◽  
Pregnancy And Delivery ◽  
Taking Care

Background and objectives: Importance of maternal health has been recognized over the last decade, however information about the perception of illness and health care behavior of obstetric complication is lacking. So, this study was conducted to find out the prevalence of taking care during pregnancy and delivery, and to find out the association between sociodemographic characteristics and taking care during pregnancy and delivery. Material and Methods: The study is a cross-sectional study conducted among the residents of Rangeli VDC of Morang District in Eastern Nepal where 300 households were taken as subjects. Semi-structured questionnaire was used and face to face interview was conducted. Chi-square test was applied to find out the association between sociodemographic characteristics and taking care during pregnancy and delivery. Results: Almost forty percent of pregnant women have taken care during pregnancy and delivery i.e. delivery conducted in Health Care Center (HCC). Only 21.8% of women were applied antiseptics after cutting cord and sixty three percent of women have fed colostrums to their babies. All of the women with Brahmin/ Chhetri have conducted delivery in Health Care Center. The women with SLC and higher education have conducted delivery at HCC more (91.1%) than below SLC (51%) and illiterate (12.5%). The women with service have conducted delivery at HCC more than other occupational groups. Conclusion: The problem of taking care during pregnancy and delivery is common and has become a key public health concern for all. Lack of education and poor occupation of wife and husband led some of the respondents not taking care during pregnancy and delivery. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jmcjms.v2i1.11389   Janaki Medical College Journal of Medical Sciences (2014) Vol. 2 (1): 4-9

scholarly journals Evaluation of Subacute Thyroiditis: Frequency, Clinical Manifestation and Laboratory Findings

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marziyeh Bagheri ◽  
farhad Abbasi ◽  
Kamran Mirzaei ◽  
Manizhe mohamadi ◽  
mohammadreza kalantarhormozi
Keyword(s):  
Sore Throat ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Subacute Thyroiditis ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Inappropriate Treatment ◽  
One Year

Abstract Introduction: Subacute thyroiditis (SAT) is a type of viral thyroiditis, which is often a self-limiting illness, but it causes diagnostic mistakes due to a number of clinical symptoms and leads to inappropriate treatment. In this study, clinical, laboratory and demographic findings of patients have been investigatedMethods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on 40 patients (27 female-13 male) with subacute thyroiditis during one year. Data included age, sex, clinical symptoms (fever, sore throat, otalgia, fatigue, sweating ...) and laboratory findings. (ESR, CRP, TSH, T4 and WBC). Their files were extracted and analyzed with SPSS.Results: In this study, 67% of the patients were women with the mean age of 38.48 ± 8.7. Female to male ratio was 2.7 to 1. The most common clinical symptoms were fever (57.5%) and sore throat (55%). Laboratory findings: ESR, TSH,T4 and WBC with average of 67.32, 0.283, 15.368 and 12.456, respectively. CRP positive in 80% of patients who underwent this test. 80 percent of the patients responded to the treatment. The recurrence rate was estimated 42% and 11% for those who received NSAIDs and Prednisolone, respectivelyConclusion: In this study, SAT was most prevalent in women in their fourth decade of life. Clinical symptoms were consistent with most studies in terms of prevalence and incidence. There was no significant association between the age and sex of the patients and their clinical manifestations and laboratory results from laboratory considerations, low concentrations of TSH, high levels of ESR and positive CRP were found to be helpful in diagnosis. Prednisolone proved to be more effective in treating SAT.

scholarly journals Predictors of In-Hospital Mortality for Stroke in Douala, Cameroon

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Y. Mapoure ◽  
C. B. Tchaleu Nguenkam ◽  
H. B. Mbatchou Ngahane ◽  
A. Dzudie ◽  
A. Coulibaly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Predictive Factors ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Predicting Factors ◽  
The Mean

Background.The objective of this study was to describe complications in hospitalized patients for stroke and to determine the predictive factors of intrahospital mortality from stroke at the Douala General Hospital (DGH) in Cameroon.Patients and Methods.A prospective cross-sectional study was carried out from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2012, at the DGH. All the patients who were aged more than 15 years with established diagnosis of stroke were included. A univariate analysis was done to look for factors associated with the risk of death, whilst the predictive factors of death were determined in a multivariate analysis following Cox regression model.Results.Of the 325 patients included patients, 68.1% were males and the mean age was 58.66 ± 13.6 years. Ischaemic stroke accounted for 52% of the cases. Sepsis was the leading complications present in 99 (30.12%) cases. Independent predicting factors of in-hospital mortality were Glasgow Coma Scale lower than 8 (HR = 2.17 95% CI 4.86–36.8;P=0.0001), hyperglycaemia at admission (HR = 3.61 95% CI 1.38–9.44;P=0.009), and hemorrhagic stroke (HR = 5.65 95% CI 1.77–18;P=0.003).Conclusion.The clinician should systematically diagnose and treat infectious states and hyperglycaemia in stroke.

Studying and More: Part-Time Employment as an Educational Challenge?

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-63
Author(s):  
Silke Heuse ◽  
Cathrin Dietze ◽  
Daniel Fodor ◽  
Edgar Voltmer
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Future Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Professional Students ◽  
Educational Challenge ◽  
Part Time

Background: Future health-care professionals face stress both during education and in later professional life. Next to educational trainings, many students are forced to assume part-time employment. Objective: Applying the Job Demands-Resources Model to the educational context, we investigate which role part-time employment plays next to health-care professional students’ education-specific demands and resources in the prediction of perceived stress. Method: In this cross-sectional study, data from N = 161 health-care students were analysed, testing moderation models. Results: Education-specific demands were associated with higher and education-specific resources with lower amounts of perceived stress. Part-time employment functioned as moderator, i.e. demands were less associated with stress experiences in students who were employed part-time. Conclusion: Identifying part-time employment as a resource rather than a demand illustrates the need to understand students’ individual influences on stress. Both educators and students will benefit from reflecting these resources to support students’ stress management.

FIRST AID AND TREATMENT FOR CHILDREN ACCIDENT INJURY IN BUON MA THUOT CITY, DAK LAK PROVINCE 2014

2017 ◽  
pp. 69-74
Author(s):  
Van Hung Nguyen ◽  
Van Thang Vo
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Health Staff ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Accident Injuries ◽  
Accident Injury

Background: Accident injuries caused has been serious heatlth problem in developing coutries. Children is vulnerable group with accident injury beucase of lacking knowlegde and exposing with risk factors in eviromental household. The treatment outcome for accident injury of children usually has more serious than other groups. The aims of this study to describle some characteristics of first aid and the outcome of treatment for children accident in Buon Ma Thuot, Dak Lak provice in 2014. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted total 2,273 household which was 4,505 children aged under 16 in 8 communes, Buon Ma Thuot city, Daklak province. Interview technique with structural questionnaire and household observation methods were used for data collection. Results: The propotion of first aid was 75.9%; not received any first aid (23.8%); mortality at accident place (0.3%). At the time accident: The highest personal involving first aid was pedestrians 54.1%; 25% of health staff, self- first aid was 14.5%. Two main of first aid methods were hemostasis and bandeged with 45.5%; 28% respectiviely. After first aid, there was 80% delivering to health care facilities. The transport methods were motocycle (91.8%), car (5.6%) and ambulance (0.4%). The rate of approach health care facilities around early 6 hours were 86.7%. The characteristics of damages: sub-damages (scratches, dislocations, sprains...) were 36.9 %, deep damages (fractures, open wounds) accounted for 44.6%. Inpatient treatment was 23.9%; 91.5% medical therapy, surgery of 8.2%. The outcome of treatment were good (97.2%), sequelae/disability 2.6%. Conclusion: First aid activities for children at time and properly right were demonstrated effectively for prevented seriously outcome. There should be an intervention program for children with the appropriate models to reduce accident injuries in children; improvement first aid to communities and health care worker. Key words: accident injury, first aid, capacity first care, children under 16 years old

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