scholarly journals Epidemiological Profile and Incidence of Hip Fractures in Greece

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelo V. Vasiliadis ◽  
George Charitoudis ◽  
Dimitrios Giotis
Keyword(s):  
Hip Fractures ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
The Past ◽  
Regional Unit ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Of Greece

Introduction: This study was designed to determine the epidemiological profile of hip fractures among Greek population with special importance to the cause of fracture, their characteristics, the treatment instituted and to assess the incidence.   Methods: The current study conducted in a single hospital in the northern part of Greece, in the regional unit of Grevena, during the 2016 calendar year. Patients themselves, or a relative member or a caregiver, were interviewed by a questionnaire regarding to the past medical history, time and place of the fracture occurrences.   Results: The 73 patients included in the study presented a mean age of 83.5 years, with a male-to-female ratio of 1:2.17. Falling from the same level was the cause of 97.6% of the fractures. Transtrochanteric fractures accounted for 52.1% of the fractures, femoral neck fractures, 38.4% and subtrochanteric fractures, 9.6%. More fractures are seen during the summer months (32.9%), inside the house (61.6%) and during the morning (49.3%). The overall annual incidence rate was 672.2 per 100,000 inhabitants (442.6 and 882.9 per 100,000 male and female, respectively). Length of waiting time to surgery was 1.87 days and length of hospital stay was 8.46 days, without statistical significance according to the type of surgery, the age group and the associated comorbidities. Hypertension (87.7%) was the most common comorbidity, followed by heart disease (50.7%) and depression (31.5%).   Conclusion: The patients attended at this hospital presented an epidemiological profile similar to the worldwide literature. Hip fracture rates in the region of Grevena are higher than other regions in Greece, such as Athens and Crete.  

scholarly journals Thyroidectomy in a Surgical Volunteerism Mission: Analysis of 464 Consecutive Cases

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rifat Latifi ◽  
Mahir Gachabayov ◽  
Shekhar Gogna ◽  
Renato Rivera
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Surgery ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Complication Rates ◽  
Risk Calculator ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Surgical Risk ◽  
Surgical Mission ◽  
Safety Endpoint ◽  
Male To Female

Although surgical volunteer missions (SVMs) have become a popular approach for reducing the burden of surgical disease worldwide, the outcomes of specific procedures in the context of a mission are underreported. The aim of this study was to evaluate outcomes and efficiency of thyroid surgery within a surgical mission. This was a retrospective analysis of medical records of all patients who underwent thyroid surgery within a SVM from 2006 to 2019. Postoperative complication rate was the safety endpoint, whereas length of hospital stay (LOS) was the efficiency endpoint. Serious complications were defined as Clavien–Dindo class 3–5 complications. Expected safety and efficiency outcomes were calculated using the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) surgical risk calculator and compared to their observed counterparts. A total of 464 thyroidectomies were performed during the study period. Mean age of the patients was 40.3 ± 10.8 years, and male-to-female ratio was 72 : 392. Expected overall (p=0.127) and serious complication rates (p=0.738) were not significantly different from their observed counterparts. Expected LOS was found to be significantly shorter as compared to its observed counterpart (0.6 ± 0.2 vs. 2.5 ± 1.0 days; p<0.001). This study found thyroid surgery performed within a surgical mission to be safe. NSQIP surgical risk calculator underestimates the LOS following thyroidectomy in surgical missions.

Use of traditional and alternative healers by psychiatric patients: A descriptive study in urban South Africa

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zukiswa Zingela ◽  
Stephan van Wyk ◽  
Jacques Pietersen
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Mixed Race ◽  
Psychiatric Medication ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
The Past ◽  
Nelson Mandela ◽  
Urban South ◽  
Lower Education ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Ethnic Distribution

This study investigates the pattern of use of traditional and alternative healers among psychiatric patients in Nelson Mandela Metropole. An interview schedule was applied to 254 subjects at six sites, enquiring about consultations with traditional and alternative healers in the past year. Multivariate analysis was performed to determine predictors of consultation. Overall, 78 (31%) of respondents had consulted a healer in the past year. The ethnic distribution was: 156 (61%) Black, 53 (21%) Coloured (Mixed Race), 42 (17%) White and three (1%) Indian. The male to female ratio was 119 (46.85%):135 (53.14%). The healers gave no advice about psychiatric medication to 48 (61.5%) of consulters, 23 (29.5%) were told to continue their medication, four (5.1%) told to stop, and one (1.3%) told to stop and restart later. In multivariate models, predictors of consultation were being Black and of lower education. Although 45 (58%) of the consulters indicated that medical treatment was more helpful than the healer’s, 45 (58%) intended to consult again. Overall, 22% of consulters reported abuse by the healer.

Incidence and pattern of leukemia in Bhutanese population: a retrospective analysis of eight years (January 2008 to December 2015)

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-9
Author(s):  
Kuenzang Dorji ◽  
Krishna Prasad Sharma ◽  
Rinzin Jamtsho ◽  
Puja Devi Samal ◽  
Dorji Wangchuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Haematological Malignancies ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
National Referral Hospital

Introduction: The burden of haematological malignancies in developing countries is on the rise. This burden may be further aggravated in Bhutan due to the aging population and rapid modernization of the nation. Despite this, there is a paucity of information about the incidence and pattern of leukemia in the Bhutanese population. In this retrospective study, we aim to investigate the incidence and pattern of leukemia in Bhutan using a database of leukemia diagnosed at Jigme Dorji Wangchuck National Referral Hospital, Thimphu, Bhutan from January 2008 to December 2015. Methods: The diagnoses and classification of leukemias were based on the morphology of blood cells on peripheral blood and bone marrow smears. The data was analyzed with descriptive statistics. The age-standardized incidence rate per 100,000 populations and its 95% confidence interval was calculated to assess the statistical significance. Results: In total 118 patients were diagnosed with leukemia over the period of eight years. Leukemia was found to be more frequent in male (51.69%) compared to female (48.30%) with a male to female ratio of 1.1:1. Acute leukemia accounted for 66.95% of all leukemia case diagnosed, whereas chronic leukemia accounted for only 33.05% of the cases. The average, annual, age-standardized incidence rate of leukemia per 100,000 population was 2.30 (95% CI: 1.87-2.73). Conclusions: The incidence and pattern of leukemia in the Bhutanese population is similar to other published literature. Leukemia is not uncommon in the Bhutanese population, thus additional studies on risk factors for leukemia in the Bhutanese population is necessary.

scholarly journals Perfil epidemiológico de pacientes amputados num hospital de referência brasileiro, 2012-2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. e34210515028
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina Souza Viana Colen ◽  
Heberson Teixeira da Silva ◽  
Dilceu Silveira Tolentino Júnior ◽  
Roberto Carlos de Oliveira ◽  
Eliseu Miranda de Assis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Public Managers ◽  
The Social ◽  
Security Costs ◽  
Epidemiological Profile

Responsible for high rates of morbidity and mortality, amputation has constituted a great public health problem, which burdens the social security costs and the health system. We aimed to describe the epidemiological profile of people who suffered amputation in a public hospital in the interior of Brazil, which is a reference for a macroregion.This was a retrospective and descriptive epidemiological study, carried out by analyzing the medical records of 214 patients who underwent amputations of various causes, between the years 2012 and 2019 at the Municipal Hospital Dr. Raimundo Gobira, located in Teófilo Otoni, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Statistical analysis of Pearson's correlation, mean and standard deviation was performed. A significance level of 5% was adopted. Of the 214 cases of amputations, the majority were men (91.12%), aged 19-30 years (21.96%), from the urban area (63.45%). Of these, 46.26% were associated with work. The maquita was the tool responsible for most injuries (17.35%). The fingers of the left hand were the main body segments affected (23.60%). Most of the subjects were residents of Teófilo Otoni (34.57%). Approximately 20.10% of amputations occurred in the year 2018. Statistical significance was not demonstrated when age and length of hospital stay were correlated, although the results point to a longer length of stay as age increases. The results made it possible to understand the epidemiological reality of the causes of amputations performed in the region and provide public managers with the opportunity to make decisions based on prevention.

scholarly journals A descriptive study of clinico-epidemiological profile of chronic urticaria from a tertiary care center

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 184
Author(s):  
Olasseri Kalathingal Reena Mariyath ◽  
Sreekanth Sukumarakurup ◽  
Sanjayan Rosamma Roopasree Pinky ◽  
Mohandas Ajina ◽  
Kollarukandy Vijayan Anagha
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Urticaria ◽  
House Dust ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Exact Etiology ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Male To Female

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Chronic urticaria is defined as wheals occurring at least twice weekly for more than six weeks. Exact etiology of chronic urticaria is not known. Only a few studies are available about the clinical and epidemiological profile of chronic urticaria from our part of the country.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A descriptive study was conducted among one hundred consecutives chronic urticaria patients attending the dermatology out patient department of government medical college, Kozhikode to find out the clinical and epidemiological profile of chronic urticaria.</p><p><strong>Results</strong>: Out of 100 patients 25 (25%) were males and 75 (75%) were females with a male to female ratio of 1:3. Angioedema was seen in 63 (63%) patients and dermographism in 53 (53%) patients. Food was the aggravating factor in 34 (34%) patients, exposure to house dust in 28 (28%), sweat in 36 (36%), pressure in 37 (37%), sunlight in 17 (17%), drugs in 22 (22%), stress in 36 (36%), heat in 13 (13%), water in 20 (20%), cold in 5 (5%), infection in 31 (31%) and infestations in 20 (20%) patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Chronic urticaria is common in females. Angioedema and dermographism are seen in more than half of the patients with chronic urticaria. Most common aggravating factors of chronic urticaria were pressure, sweat, stress, food, infections and exposure to house dust.</p>

scholarly journals Epidemiological Profile and Determinants of Tuberculosis in Urban Nepalese Population

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-254
Author(s):  
Subash Bhatta ◽  
Nayana Pant
Keyword(s):  
Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Short Course ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Family ◽  
Directly Observed Treatment ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Male To Female

Introduction: Tuberculosis has evolved through ages to remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite having a very successful Directly Observed Treatment, Short-course program, tuberculosis is still one of the most widespread infections in Nepal. This study was done to observe the epidemiological profile of tuberculosis patients in an urban Nepalese population.Materials and Methods: 585 newly diagnosed cases of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis in two tertiary level hospitals in the country were enrolled in the study during a period of 18months. A standard questionnaire was formatted and the required information was acquired with the help of interview and investigation reports.Results: The mean age of presentation was 35.76 with a male to female ratio of 1.48:1.57% of the cases had less than primary education with 26 % being illiterates. The most commonly involved occupational group was farmers (22%) followed by students (20%) and laborers (14%). 22% of cases had a history of contact with tuberculosis in the family. 41 % were smokers and 18 % abused alcohol. Pulmonary tuberculosis comprised 68% of the total cases. The most common extrapulmonary presentation was lymph node TB (28%) followed by pleural effusion (21.5%) and tubercular meningitis (16%).Conclusions: Young people with lower literacy levels and with a family history of tuberculosis are at increased risk of acquiring tuberculosis and community approaches for tuberculosis control should target this group to reduce the burden of the disease

scholarly journals The Hierarchy of Oral Cancer in India

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naik Balachandra Ramachandra
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Medical Service ◽  
Oral Cavity Cancer ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
The Past ◽  
Medical Facilities ◽  
Economically Deprived ◽  
Village People ◽  
Male To Female

ABSTRACT Background India constitutes more than 80% of population from the villages and are not only socially and economically deprived but also do not get medical facilities compared to small towns and cities. Newspaper says India is fastest developing country, but, in respect to medical service to her citizens at rural level, it is nil. Now, oral cavity cancer is 3rd commonest cancer, which is seen commonly in village people in both sexes. We reviewed the past studies on oral cancer and the same is compared with the present trend. Oral cancer biopsies secured 29.54% among all malignant biopsies. Male to female ratio is 1:1. Majority of patients (38.5%) got oral cancer in 4th decade, followed by 35.2% patients in 3rd decade. Buccal mucosa (57.5%) was the commonest site, followed by tongue (24.2%). Gutkha (the smokeless tobacco) is commonest cause for this cancer. Conclusion Apart from chewing habits, illiteracy, poverty, low caloric diet and nonavailability of free medical facility is the cause for rise in oral cancer incidences. How to cite this article Ramachandra NB. The Hierarchy of Oral Cancer in India. Int J Head and Neck Surg 2012;3(3):143-146.

scholarly journals Clinicohistological Profile of Cutaneous Tuberculosis in Central Nepal

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 238-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Mathur ◽  
SN Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Giant Cells ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Lupus Vulgaris ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Cutaneous Tuberculosis ◽  
The Past ◽  
Central Nepal ◽  
Type Giant ◽  
Male To Female

Background There are few studies on cutaneous tuberculosis in Nepal.Objective To analyse the epidemiological, clinical and histological patterns of cutaneous TB over the past 5 years.Method Patients with cutaneous tuberculosis diagnosed from January 2010 to December 2014 at College of Medical Sciences, Chitwan, Nepal were included in the study. Chest radiography, routine investigations and screening for HIV was performed in all cases.Result A total of 47 clinical cases of cutaneous tuberculosis were diagnosed. The most commonly affected age group was 41-50 years. Male to female ratio was 1.5:1. Duration of cutaneous tuberculosis ranged from 1 month to 33 years. Lupus vulgaris was the most common clinical type (64%), followed by tuberculosis verrucosa cutis (19%). Two cases (4%) were diagnosed as papulonecrotic tuberculid. Overall, the most common site of involvement was extremities (55%) followed by head and neck, trunk, and perianal region. Histopathologic features of epitheloid cell granuloma with Langhans type giant cells were seen in 89% of cases, and in remaining 11% cases, chronic inflammatory dermatitis and nonspecific chronic dermatitis were observed.Conclusion M Tuberculosis is endemic in Nepal and the incidence of cutaneous tuberculosis at our centre was 0.1%. Lupus vulgaris was the most common type followed by tuberculosis verrucosa cutis in our study. Cutaneous tuberculosis can be accompanied by tuberculosis in internal organs and hence should be looked for. Clinicopathologic correlation is necessary to make a proper diagnosis.Kathmandu University Medical Journal Vol.12(4) 2014; 238-241

Increasing trends of syphilis among men who have sex with men in high income countries

Sexual Health ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillip Read ◽  
Christopher K. Fairley ◽  
Eric P. F. Chow
Keyword(s):  
Developed Countries ◽  
High Income ◽  
National Surveillance ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Increasing Trends ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Over Time

Background The epidemiology of syphilis, and therefore the population most impacted, differs between countries. Many developed countries have reported an increase in syphilis notifications among men who have sex with men (MSM) over the past decade. Methods: The rates of syphilis notifications between 2000 and 2013 in the 31 countries categorised by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) as high income were investigated. Data was taken primarily from published national surveillance reports, and a male-to-female ratio substantially greater than two in syphilis notifications was taken as a proxy for the infection being disproportionately diagnosed in MSM. Results: Data was available for 27 high-income countries. The male-to-female ratio exceeded two in all but four countries. This ratio significantly increased across all geographical areas over time. Globally, the male-to-female ratio in these countries increased from 4.1 in 2000 to 7.9 in 2013 (P = 0.001). Furthermore, the proportion of male cases reported as being among MSM increased over time from 26.8% to 55.0% between 2000 and 2013 (P < 0.001). Conclusion: These data show that in countries with high income, there is a near universal finding of increasing rates of syphilis in MSM. It is therefore clear that no country has identified an effective method to control syphilis in this population.

Eruption cysts: a clinical report of 24 new cases

2005 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lipa Bodner ◽  
Jed Goldstein ◽  
Haim Sarnat
Keyword(s):  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Treatment Approach ◽  
Dentigerous Cyst ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Clinical Report ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Clinical Appearance ◽  
The Past ◽  
Male To Female

The eruption cyst (EC) occurs within the mucosa overlying a tooth that is about to erupt. In the past EC was considered a type of dentigerous cyst (DC) occuring in the soft tissues. Twenty four patients (mean age 4.44 years, range 1.0 month - 12 years) with EC were diagnosed and treated. EC was associated with natal teeth in two (8.3%) cases, with primary teeth in 10 (41.6%) cases and with permanent teeth in 12 (50%) cases. There was a gender predilection, the male to female ratio was 2:1. The primary mandibular central incisors and the permanent first molars were the most common site affected. The clinical appearance was a raised, bluish gingival mass on the alveolar ridge. The size was variable and dependent on the size and number of the associated teeth. The type of treatment provided was one of the following: no treatment (10 cases, 42%), extraction (2 cases, 8%) and marsupialization (12 cases, 50%). All surgical specimens underwent histopathologic examination. EC should be recognized as a separate entity from DC and a conservative treatment approach is recommended.

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